Science China Earth Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Multi-agent mobile networking observation experiment at the air-sea interface of ocean eddy","authors":"Yi Zhang, Dongxiao Wang, Li Zhou, Chunhua Qiu, Yunfei Zhang, Zhiliang Deng, Biao Zhang, Yunping Liu, Yeqiang Shu, Fenghua Zhou, Danian Liu, Zhengqiu Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s11430-023-1389-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11430-023-1389-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Current climate forecasting has advanced to the stage of investigating mesoscale air-sea interactions. Recent studies have identified significant structural differences between the cores and edges of mesoscale eddies; however, the effects of these structural variations on air-sea fluxes and the Marine Atmospheric Boundary Layer (MABL) remain underexplored. Traditional observations often fail to capture the detailed structures of eddies, necessitating enhanced observations at high spatiotemporal resolution for mesoscale eddies. To address this, efforts have been made to develop multi-agent platforms and expendable air-sea interface observation technologies. A task-oriented observation scheme was developed to monitor the spatial characteristics of mesoscale eddies. The South China Sea (SCS) is rich in mesoscale eddies with rapid motion changes, requiring enhanced observations of the air-sea interface using multi-agent mobile networking. An anticyclonic eddy was observed in the eastern region of the Xisha Islands in the SCS, and we examined variations in air-sea fluxes across different regions within the eddy.</p>","PeriodicalId":21651,"journal":{"name":"Science China Earth Sciences","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142190698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distribution, burial fluxes and carbon sink effect of sedimentary organic carbon in the eastern China seas","authors":"Xuefa Shi, Bin Wu, Shuqing Qiao, Zhengquan Yao, Limin Hu, Yazhi Bai, Shan Hu, Jie Sheng, Yanguang Liu, Shengfa Liu, Kunshan Wang, Jianjun Zou","doi":"10.1007/s11430-024-1412-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11430-024-1412-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The ocean is the largest active carbon reservoir on Earth. Organic carbon (OC), as the primary species of carbon sequestration in the ocean, plays an important role in the global carbon cycle through its deposition and burial. In this study, sedimentary OC data from 5796 stations, together with relevant geochemical and sedimentological parameters in the Bohai Sea, Yellow Sea, and East China Sea (BYES) were used to summarize and elucidate the distribution and burial patterns of sedimentary OC, and assess carbon sink effect of sedimentary OC burial. The results show that the OC content in the sediments of the BYES ranges from 0.00% to 2.12%, with an average content of 0.47%±0.26%. OC content is significantly correlated with finegrained sediments, with an average OC content in mud areas being 39% higher than that in non-mud areas. Modern OC buried in the BYES are mainly deposited in 7 major mud areas, with a total sedimentary OC burial flux of approximately 8.20 Mt C yr⁻¹. Among them, the burial flux of biospheric OC is 6.92 Mt C yr⁻¹, equivalent to the OC consumption amount of silicate weathering of the 9 major river basins in the eastern China. In its natural state, the annually sequestered OC in the sediments of the eastern China seas is equivalent to 25.37 Mt of atmospheric CO₂, indicating a significant carbon sink effect. The distribution and burial of terrigenous OC in the BYES are mainly influenced by the large river inputs and complex marine hydrodynamic environment, while human activities such as dam construction have significantly altered the OC burial in these coastal mud areas.</p>","PeriodicalId":21651,"journal":{"name":"Science China Earth Sciences","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142190722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A holistic perspective on Earth system science","authors":"Yongfei Zheng, Zhengtang Guo, Nianzhi Jiao, Mu Mu, Shilong Piao, Suiyan Fu, Dinghui Yang, Maoyan Zhu","doi":"10.1007/s11430-024-1409-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11430-024-1409-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Earth system can be categorized into three parts, solid Earth system, surface Earth system, and Sun-Earth space system. These three subsystems not only have mutual transmission and coupling relationships in both energy and matter but also involve multiple scales from microscopic to macroscopic. Earth system science is characterized by its globality and unity with a holistic view and a systematic view at multiple scales in both space and time. It focuses not only on the physical, chemical and biological interactions between various geospheres but also on the properties, behaviors, processes, and mechanisms of the entire Earth and its spheres. Although significant progress has been made in the study of internal disciplines of these three subsystems, there is still insufficient understanding of their overall behavior and interactions between individuals, thus facing challenges of different types and levels. The solid Earth system is composed of the crust, mantle, and core. Existing observational techniques struggle to penetrate deep into the mantle, making direct observation and data acquisition difficult; the extreme environments within Earth, such as high temperature, high pressure, and strong magnetic fields, also pose great challenges to observational equipment and scientific experiments. The surface Earth system is an open complex mega-system, in which there are complex interactions and feedback mechanisms among its geospheres (such as atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, pedosphere and lithosphere), leading to difficulties in understanding of its overall behavior and long-term evolution. Biological activities have become increasingly significant in affecting the surface Earth system. The coupling between the internal and external Earth systems becomes more complex. Distinguishing and quantifying the impacts of Earth spherical interactions and biological activities on the surface Earth system is a major challenge. The Sun-Earth space system involves multiple physical processes such as solar activity, Earth’s magnetic field, atmosphere, and space weather. Solar activity significantly affects the Earth’s space environment, but existing observational and reconstruction methods and prediction models still lack precision and timeliness. Thus it is important to improve the prediction capability of solar activity and reduce the impact of space weather disasters. How to cross different scales and establish coupled models of multiple physical processes is a significant challenge in the study of the Sun-Earth space system. Because the various processes and phenomena within and between these three Earth subsystems often span multiple scales in both space and time and exhibit strong nonlinear characteristics, understanding their behaviors and processes becomes complex and variable, posing great challenges for theoretical modelling and numerical simulation. Therefore, the study of Earth system science requires in-depth interdisciplinary integration to joi","PeriodicalId":21651,"journal":{"name":"Science China Earth Sciences","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142224747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distributions and accumulation mechanisms of helium in petroliferous basins","authors":"Pengpeng Li, Quanyou Liu, Dongya Zhu, Di Zhu, Zheng Zhou, Xiaoqi Wu, Qingqiang Meng, Jiahao Lv, Yu Gao","doi":"10.1007/s11430-023-1365-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11430-023-1365-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Helium is an irreplaceable strategic mineral resource, and commercial helium-rich gas fields (He&gt;0.1%) worldwide are typically discovered serendipitously during hydrocarbon exploration efforts. According to an analysis of 75 helium-rich gas fields and 1048 natural gas samples worldwide, helium in natural gas generally exhibits “scarce”, “accompanying”, and “complex” properties, and helium-rich gas fields often occur at depths &lt;4500 m. Helium concentrations in He-CH₄ and He-CO₂ gas fields are notably lower than those in He-N₂ gas fields (He&gt;1%). However, geological reserves in the former two types of gas fields are mainly in the range of 10⁷–10¹¹ m³, whereas in the latter, they are only in the range of 10⁵–10⁷ m³. There are nevertheless notable disparities in the genesis and migration patterns between helium and gaseous hydrocarbons. Helium necessitates carriers (such as formation water, hydrocarbon fluids, N₂, mantle-derived fluids, etc.) during both accumulation and long-distance migration processes, where migration conduits are not confined to sedimentary strata, and may extend to the basin’s basement, lower crust, and even lithospheric mantle. However, the accumulation conditions of both helium and gaseous hydrocarbons are generally considered equivalent. The presence of gaseous hydrocarbons facilitates both the rapid exsolution of helium within helium-containing fluids and subsequent efficient aggregation in gaseous hydrocarbons, while both reduce helium diffusion and diminish escape flux. In terms of caprock, gypsum, salt, and thick shale as sealing layers contribute to the long-term preservation of helium over geological timescales. Large helium-rich gas fields, predominantly crust-derived gas fields, are primarily concentrated in uplifted zones of ancient cratonic basins and their peripheries. Based on a diagram of the He concentration versus He/N₂ ratio, crust-derived helium fields can be categorized as basement, combined basement-sedimentary rock, and sedimentary rock helium supply types. Comprehensively given China’s helium grade, helium resource endowment, natural gas industrialization process, and current helium purification processes, the foremost deployment zones for the commercial production of helium should be the helium-rich gas fields located in the Ordos, Tarim, Sichuan, and Qaidam Basins in western and central China. In addition, certain (extra) large helium-containing gas fields serve as important replacement zones.</p>","PeriodicalId":21651,"journal":{"name":"Science China Earth Sciences","volume":"394 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142190751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of EnKF assimilating Himawari-8 all-sky infrared radiance on the forecasting of a warm-sector rainstorm event","authors":"Shanshan Lou, Lei Zhu, Xuexing Qiu, Guangzhou Chen, Song Yuan, Shengnan Zhou","doi":"10.1007/s11430-023-1403-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11430-023-1403-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Warm-sector rainstorms are highly localized events, with weather systems and triggering mechanisms are not obvious, leading to limited forecasting capabilities in numerical models. Based on the ensemble Kalman filter (PSU-EnKF) assimilation system and the regional mesoscale model WRF, this study conducted a simulation experiment assimilating all-sky infrared (IR) radiance for a warm-sector rainstorm in East China and investigated the positive impact of assimilating the Himawari-8 moisture channel all-sky IR radiance on the forecast of the rainstorm. Results indicate that hourly cycling assimilation of all-sky IR radiance can significantly improve the forecast accuracy of this warm-sector rainstorm. There is a notable increase in the Threat Score (TS), with the simulated location and intensity of the 3-hour precipitation aligning more closely with observations. These improvements result from the assimilation of cloud-affected radiance, which introduces more mesoscale convective information into the model’s initial fields. The adjustments include enhancements to the moisture field, such as increased humidity and moisture transport, and modifications to the wind field, including the intrusion of mid-level cold air and the strengthening of low-level convergent shear. These factors are critical in improving the forecast of this warm-sector rainstorm event.</p>","PeriodicalId":21651,"journal":{"name":"Science China Earth Sciences","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142190721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drought decreases the positive impact of warming on an alpine grassland community","authors":"Wang A, Wangwang Lv, Yang Zhou, Bowen Li, Jianping Sun, Jingya Lv, Lanying Chen, Dorji Tsecheo, Shiping Wang","doi":"10.1007/s11430-023-1370-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11430-023-1370-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Temperature and precipitation are the main factors determining plant community succession and aboveground net primary productivity (ANPP) in natural grasslands. However, most climate manipulative experiments have mainly focused on their impacts in isolation, especially in alpine regions. Here we explored the relative effects and interaction of warming and precipitation alteration on succession and ANPP using a 7-year experiment involving warming with precipitation alteration (increase (IP) or decrease (DP) in precipitation relative to ambient precipitation (AP)) on the Tibetan Plateau. Our results showed that warming and warm-wet conditions increased species richness, diversity index, height and cover of overall species. Conversely, decreasing precipitation reduced them, but increased <i>S. purpurea</i> and the rate of change in community composition. Importantly, warming mitigated the impacts of decreased precipitation on plant community composition, and the interactive effects of warming and altered precipitation on cover, height and plant ANPP varied with year and plant species. Generally, warming increased community ANPP through increases in forb ANPP or non-dominant species ANPP and biodiversity regardless of change in precipitation. However, decreased precipitation reduced community ANPP via decreases in the ANPP of sedges and forbs and biodiversity. Precipitation alteration affected the relationship between biodiversity and community ANPP regardless of warming (IP&lt;AP&lt;DP). Therefore, generally warming and decreased precipitation have opposite effects on ANPP in the alpine grassland, suggesting that warming mitigated the negative impacts of drought on the ANPP of the alpine grassland.</p>","PeriodicalId":21651,"journal":{"name":"Science China Earth Sciences","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142190718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemical, carbon and sulfur isotopic compositions constrain the origin of Upper Carboniferous-Lower Triassic gases in eastern Sichuan Basin, SW China","authors":"Chunfang Cai, Ilya Kutuzov, Wenhua Mei, Daowei Wang, Bing Luo, Shipeng Huang, Bing He, Alon Amrani","doi":"10.1007/s11430-024-1368-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11430-024-1368-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Methane dominated gas is one of the cleanest energy resources; however, there is no direct method to determine its source rock. Natural gases produced from the eastern Sichuan Basin together with seismic data were studied for their sources and secondary alteration by thermochemical sulfate reduction (TSR). Our results demonstrate that Upper Permian to Lower Triassic (P₃ch-T₁f) gases in the surrounding of the Kaijiang-Liangping area show volatile organic sulfur compounds (VOSCs) <i>δ</i>³⁴S values close to those of the associated H₂S, and may have been altered by methane-dominated TSR, resulting in positive shift in methane <i>δ</i>¹³<i>C</i>₁ values with increasing TSR extents. Other (or group 2) gases produced from the P₃ch-T₁f reservoirs from the southern area and the Upper Carboniferous to Middle Permian (C₂h-P₂q) from the eastern Sichuan Basin are not significantly changed by TSR, show similar <i>δ</i>³⁴S values between the kerogens and some VOSCs, and may have been derived from the Lower Silurian and Middle Permian source rocks. This study demonstrates a case for the first time showing the <i>δ</i>³⁴S values of VOSCs can be used as a tool for direct correlation between non-TSR altered gas and source rocks. Methane-dominated gas pools can be found using gas and source rock geochemistry combined with seismic data.</p>","PeriodicalId":21651,"journal":{"name":"Science China Earth Sciences","volume":"2011 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142190719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insight of enriched basalts into the nature and evolution of mantle lithosphere beneath craton margins","authors":"Hong-Kun Dai, Jianping Zheng, Qing Xiong, Linlin Hu, Xiang Zhou","doi":"10.1007/s11430-024-1371-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11430-024-1371-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Refractory lithospheric deep roots are the cornerstone for the prolonged stability of cratons and mantle xenoliths are normally the key targets for study on the evolution of such deep roots. In regions with few mantle xenoliths, the basalts enriched in radiogenic isotopic compositions due to marked lithospheric mantle contribution are crucial to unmask the lithospheric mantle evolution based on a comprehensive study involving petrology, geochemistry and thermodynamic modelling. Here, the Early Cretaceous basalts from the northwest North China Craton with few mantle xenoliths are taken as an example to show the significance of enriched basalts on the study of lithospheric mantle. These basalts are characterized by high silica and alkali contents (SiO₂=45.8–59.8 wt.%, K₂O+Na₂O=4.81–9.88 wt.%), arc-type trace-element patterns and enriched radiogenic isotope compositions (e.g., <i>ε</i>_Nd=−2.64–−12.88,⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr=0.7063–0.7093). The TiO₂ and FeO (total) contents are higher than those of natural and experimental melts from refractory mantle peridotite but comparable to those of partial melts of fertile mantle rocks. The high contents of fluid-loving elements (e.g., Rb and Ba) suggest source metasomatism by aqueous fluids. Combined with thermodynamic modelling and regional tectonic history, these enriched basalts likely record simultaneous decompression melting of asthenosphere and low-extent melting of thin and fertile lithospheric mantle fluxed by aqueous fluids from the subducted Paleo-Asian oceanic slab. The newly unmasked lithospheric mantle under the western NCC contrasts with the coeval thick and refractory one supporting the eastern NCC, and highlights that the craton destruction, especially the loss of its ancient refractory mantle root, should take place in a diachronous manner related to the craton-girded subduction episodes. Our study illustrates the potential of enriched basalts to recover the nature and evolution of mantle lithosphere beneath craton margins and associated tectonic histories.</p>","PeriodicalId":21651,"journal":{"name":"Science China Earth Sciences","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142190717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A general climatology of categorized Martian ionospheric irregularities","authors":"Xin Wan, Jiahao Zhong, Yongqiang Hao, Chao Xiong, Hui Wang, Yutian Cao, Jun Cui, Yiwen Liu, Qiaoling Li, Jiawei Kuai","doi":"10.1007/s11430-024-1388-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11430-024-1388-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A climatological survey of Martian ionospheric plasma density irregularities was conducted by exploring the <i>in-situ</i> measurements of the Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN (MAVEN) spacecraft. The irregularities were first classified as enhancement, depletion, and oscillation. By checking the simultaneous magnetic field fluctuation, the irregularities have been classified into two types: with or without magnetic signatures. The classified irregularities exhibit diverse global occurrence patterns, as those with magnetic signatures tend to appear near the periphery of the crustal magnetic anomaly (MA), and those without magnetic signatures prefer to appear either inside of the MA or outside of the MA, depending on the type and solar zenith angle. Under most circumstances, the irregularities have a considerable occurrence rate at altitudes above the ionospheric dynamo height (above 200 km), and the magnetization state of the ions seems irrelevant to their occurrence. In addition, the irregularities do not show dependence on magnetic field geometry, except that the enhancement without magnetic signatures favors the vertical field line, implying its equivalence to the localized bulge. Other similarities and discrepancies exist in reference to previous studies. We believe this global survey complements previous research and provides crucial research clues for future efforts to clarify the nature of the Martian ionospheric irregularities.</p>","PeriodicalId":21651,"journal":{"name":"Science China Earth Sciences","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142190720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microseismic observations reveal that internal waves intensify seabed methane release","authors":"Zhaoyang Tian, Yonggang Jia, Junjiang Zhu, Tian Chen, Hui Wang, Chunsheng Ji, Chengyu Liu, Longyu Lu, Manchao He","doi":"10.1007/s11430-023-1351-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11430-023-1351-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Internal waves transport material and energy from the upper water column to the deep ocean, disturbing seabed sediments and resulting in phenomena such as seabed erosion and changes in topography. On the northern slope of the South China Sea and in many coastal margins worldwide, the zones with internal wave action closely overlap with areas where natural gas hydrates are present. However, due to significant differences in the spatial and temporal scales, understanding the influence of internal waves on methane releases from deep seabeds is challenging. In this study, <i>in situ</i> observations of seabed microseismicity and internal waves are conducted at water depths of 655 meters and 1450 meters in the Pearl River Canyon of the South China Sea. The microseismicity caused by internal waves and seabed methane releases is identified, and a method to establish the correlation between internal waves and seabed methane releases through the use of microseismic recordings is proposed, aiming to obtain direct observational evidence of internal waves intensifying seabed methane releases. The results show that internal waves and seabed methane releases generate significant microseismic signals, indicating the continuous influence of internal waves on the deep seabed of the northern slope of the South China Sea and revealing active methane release phenomena on the seabed. At both long and short time scales, internal waves increase the frequency of seabed methane releases by 4.2 times and 2.4 times, respectively, while also enhancing the intensity of these releases. These changes are influenced by the alterations in seabed flow velocity, pressure, and temperature that are induced by internal wave activities. This study emphasizes that microseismic signals are effective carriers of information for multiscale geological processes on seabeds and suggests that internal waves exacerbate marine geological hazards and contribute to global climate change by intensifying seabed methane releases.</p>","PeriodicalId":21651,"journal":{"name":"Science China Earth Sciences","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142190726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}