Scientia Agropecuaria最新文献

{"title":"Integrating in situ conservation of plant genetic resources with ex situ conservation management: Involving custodian farmers, benefits and their willingness to accept compensation","authors":"Eliet Amancah, Waldemar Mercado, Luz Gómez-Pando, Roberto Escalante, Diego A. Sotomayor","doi":"10.17268/sci.agropecu.2023.038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17268/sci.agropecu.2023.038","url":null,"abstract":"Compensation for custodian farmers to provide agrobiodiversity-conservation services in their farms (in situ) is an emerging global approach because it can generate public benefits when it comes to important plant genetic resources (PGRs) for food and agriculture. This review focused on: i) the integration of in situ conservation to the PGR management involving custodian farmers in a systematic conservation approach; ii) the private benefits obtained by custodian farmers to increase their willingness to actively participate in the conservation service; and iii) the willingness to accept (WTA) compensation of the farmers in providing conservation service relative to opportunity costs. The most recent approaches suggest the integration of in situ conservation with ex situ conservation management for efficient conservation programmes, especially in relation to governance of local agrobiodiversity. Involving custodian farmers in the comprehensive genetic-improvement system appears to be an activity that increases their willingness to participate in agrobiodiversity conservation schemes. Farmers receive private benefits, which are simultaneously reflected in the provision of public benefits. Therefore, WTA compensation, which employs mechanisms in the design of payments for better agro-environmental conservation services, controls the opportunity costs. Overall, farmers seem willing to participate in any type of compensation scheme that is proposed in the different countries. Furthermore, it is possible to capture the WTA, therefore significant progress requires more studies of primary schemes, indepth analysis to capture farmers' preferences on economic, socio-cultural, and environmental factors in scheme design, and the implementation of incentive policies designed with pragmatic tools.","PeriodicalId":21642,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Agropecuaria","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139215932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of biotic and abiotic factors on the content of flavonoids in leaves of Passiflora sp. L.: A systematic review","authors":"J. F. Mateus-Maldonado, S. A. Díaz-Gallo, Andrea Juliet Albornoz-Molano, A. M. Pedroza-Rodríguez, G. Modesti Costa, L. A. Díaz-Ariza","doi":"10.17268/sci.agropecu.2023.039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17268/sci.agropecu.2023.039","url":null,"abstract":"The genus Passiflora accounts for 17% of global flavonoid production, and several strategies have been explored to increase their production in these plants, given the growing demand for these metabolites. The aim of this study is to examine the published literature on the correlation between flavonoid concentrations in Passiflora genus leaves and factors such as microorganism presence, soil fertility, fertilizer use, soil conditioners, agronomic practices, weather patterns, and plant phenology. The search was conducted across nine databases. Web of Science, Nature, Agris, Dialnet, Scielo, Science Database-ProQuest, Scopus (Elsevier), Springer, and EBSCOhost and two search engines: Google Scholar and Semantic Scholar, obtaining 19 indexed articles. The results indicate that treatments incorporating a single biotic or abiotic factor in the crop lead to a 380% increase in the production of flavonoids at the leaf level, while the combination of different biotic and abiotic factors leads to a 491% increase in the production of this group of metabolites at the leaf level. It is essential to assess the integrated agronomic management of Passiflora sp. to increase the concentration of these metabolites in the leaves of productive branches with fully ripened fruits ready for harvest (BBCH code 89), without losing the possibility of using the current main product of the crop.","PeriodicalId":21642,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Agropecuaria","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139218919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Passion fruit (Passiflora edulis): Nutritional composition, bioactive compounds, utilization of by-products, biocontrol, and organic fertilization in cultivation","authors":"Jordy Campos-Rodriguez, Katherine Acosta-Coral, Cesar Moreno-Rojo, L. Paucar-Menacho","doi":"10.17268/sci.agropecu.2023.040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17268/sci.agropecu.2023.040","url":null,"abstract":"Passion fruit (Passiflora edulis) is a tropical fruit appreciated for its attractiveness and nutritional value. The yellow variety (Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa) and the purple variety (Passiflora edulis f. edulis) are the best-known species, both rich in carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and bioactive compounds. Despite their potential, passion fruit by-products, such as seeds and peel, are underutilized, despite being sources of phenolic compounds and carotenoids. The leaves are considered insignificant, yet they contain nutrients and medicinal effects beneficial to health. Nevertheless, these by-products have diverse uses and applications. In this sense, this work seeks to document research on passion fruit and its by-products, emphasizing their composition and possible uses in agroindustrial products. In addition to propose pest biocontrol strategies to preserve the quality of the crop and the implementation of organic fertilizers in crops, promoting sustainable agricultural practices. In this sense, it is urgent not only to diversify the agroindustry and develop new products, but also to contribute to the reduction of environmental impact and promote sustainable agricultural practices. The integrated use of passion fruit emerges as a key strategy for moving towards more efficient and sustainable production.","PeriodicalId":21642,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Agropecuaria","volume":"86 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139221501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Possible economic losses on the oranges production chain of Peru due to introduction of Huanglongbing (HLB): Simulation of prospective scenarios to 2045","authors":"Waldemar Mercado, Katherine Guadalupe, Karla Vega Alegre","doi":"10.17268/sci.agropecu.2023.036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17268/sci.agropecu.2023.036","url":null,"abstract":"Huanglongbing (HLB) is a citrus disease known for causing significant production losses, and its potential introduction into Peru looms on the horizon. The aim of this study was to assess the potential economic losses within the Central Jungle's orange production chain, specifically in the Region Junín. This assessment involved simulating the spread of HLB under prospective scenarios spanning from 2026 to 2045, aiming to estimate the cost-benefit of preventing these losses through the implementation of a national phytosanitary program (PNF). The methodology employed in this study comprised administering questionnaires to local growers and estimating economic losses across three scenarios. The first scenario assumed a baseline production trend without HLB presence, while the second scenario considered an epidemiological situation with HLB but without the implementation of a PNF. The third scenario factored in HLB with varying degrees of adoption among PNF-affiliated growers. The findings highlight several risk factors contributing to the potential spread of HLB in Junín. The epidemiological model reveals that HLB can swiftly render young trees unproductive. Cumulatively, economic losses from 2026 to 2045 could reach a staggering US$ 371,146 thousand if no intervention takes place. However, this figure could be significantly reduced to US$ 44,890 thousand if 100% of growers embrace the PNF. Such public policy measures would not only prevent production losses but also generate substantial social benefits. These scenarios underscore the stark negative impacts HLB could inflict on the local orange production chain. The implementation of the PNF proves to be a critical intervention, preventing production losses, preserving jobs, and safeguarding related economic activities. Without timely public intervention, the economic losses at stake could render the agribusiness sector unsustainable.","PeriodicalId":21642,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Agropecuaria","volume":"53 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139255219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Halquinol and nanoencapsulated essential oils: A comparative study on growth performance, intestinal morphology and meat quality in broiler chickens","authors":"Gilmar Mendoza-Ordoñez, Bruno Loyaga–Cortéz, Daniel Asunción-Alvarez, Rufino Paucar-Chanca, R. Ybañez-Julca, Joel Valverde-Tamariz, Paolo Lozano-Sullon, Haley Figueroa-Avalos, Oshibanjo Olusegun Debola","doi":"10.17268/sci.agropecu.2023.037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17268/sci.agropecu.2023.037","url":null,"abstract":"Diets supplemented with halquinol and/or nanoencapsulated essential oils (N-EOs) have shown positive effects on the productive parameters of broiler chickens. However, there is limited comparative evidence between these two products. This study aimed to investigate and compare the efficacy of N-EOs blends with halquinol as dietary supplements for broiler chickens. A total of 500 male Cobb 500 broiler chickens were randomly assigned to five dietary groups. The control group received a conventional diet supplemented with halquinol (60%), while the experimental groups received supplementation with N-EOs blends derived from soursop (S), lemon (L), and eucalyptus (E) in different proportions: T1 (S:33.33%, L:33.33%, E:33.33%), T2 (S:50%, L:25%, E:25%), T3 (S:25%, L:50%, E:25%), and T4 (S:25%, L:25%, E:50%). The trial lasted for 42 days. The results showed that the T1 and T4 groups obtained the highest values (p < 0.05) for average daily growth rate and breast yield. The feed conversion ratio was significantly lower in groups T1 and T4 (p < 0.05). All N-EOs supplemented groups exhibited higher carcass yield (p < 0.05). At day 42, the T1 group displayed increased villus height and villus height/crypt depth ratio in the duodenum (p < 0.01), while all experimental groups showed increased villus width in the jejunum and ileum (p < 0.05). Texture analysis revealed that N-EOs-treated groups had texture values similar to halquinol, except for the T1 group, which significantly increased hardness (p < 0.05). Bromatological analysis showed that the T4 group significantly improved the percentage of crude protein, fat, and ash compared to the halquinol-supplemented group (p < 0.05). Additionally, the T1 and T4 groups exhibited lower levels of lipid peroxidation (p < 0.05). In conclusion, dietary supplementation with N-EOs holds promise as a potential alternative to halquinol, with the added advantage of improved oxidative stability.","PeriodicalId":21642,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Agropecuaria","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139256206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response of the transcription factor BABY BOOM of Arabidopsis thaliana L. in the formation of embryogenic calluses of cocoa leaves (Theobroma cacao L.)","authors":"Nikkolas Javier Alburqueque-Vasquez, Angel David Hernández-Amasifuen, Alexandra Jherina Pineda-Lázaro, Jaime N. Fernández Ponce, Juan Carlos Guerrero-Abad, Ligia García, Mike Anderson Corazon-Guivin","doi":"10.17268/sci.agropecu.2023.031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17268/sci.agropecu.2023.031","url":null,"abstract":"Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) is one of the most important economic crops worldwide. The propagation of elite varieties of cocoa has been achieved through somatic embryogenesis, but still one of the main limitations is the low rates of embryo formation, which is a genotype-dependent trait. Manipulation of transcription factors (TFs) such as BABY BOOM (BBM) promotes the transition of cocoa somatic cells from the vegetative to the embryonic state. This work validated the use of clonal cocoa leaves cv. IMC-67 to induce somatic embryogenesis, overcoming their recalcitrant limitation with the help of the introduction of TF-BBM from Arabidopsis thaliana (AtBBM). The vectors were constructed by the Gateway system using the donor vector pENTR/D-TOPO and the expression vector pk7WG2. The overexpression vector pk7WG2:AtBBM was obtained, allowing successful transformation into Agrobacterium tumefaciens GV3101. The AtBBM gene was characterized (1755 base pairs), and its expression was observed in the formation of embryogenic calluses in cocoa leaves. Overexpression of AtBBM allowed the obtainment of a 92% response in the formation of embryogenic callus in cocoa leaves with Agrobacterium-mediated vacuum infiltration and overexpression of the pk7WG2:AtBBM vector. This high transformation efficiency reached with the insertion of the overexpression vector provides validation of transient response of the TF AtBBM in the formation of embryogenic calluses in cocoa leaves of the IMC-67 clone. Through this methodology, it is possible to continue with studies of gene overexpression, insertion, silencing, and gene editing in Peruvian cocoa.","PeriodicalId":21642,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Agropecuaria","volume":"188 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135151282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diseases affecting the coffee crop: Elucidating the life cycle of Rust,Thread Blight and Cercospora Leaf Spot","authors":"Anthony A. Moreira-Morrillo, Jean P. Vélez-Zambrano, Silvino Intra Moreira, Felipe R. Garcés-Fiallos","doi":"10.17268/sci.agropecu.2023.035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17268/sci.agropecu.2023.035","url":null,"abstract":"Coffee (Coffea spp.) is the second most significant commodity worldwide, with C. arabica being its most representative species. The coffee crop is affected by different fungal diseases that reduce the photosynthetically active area of its leaves and the production of grains. In order of agronomic importance, the rust caused by the biotrophic pathogen Hemileia vastatrix is a disease difficult to manage due to its type of reproduction. Another no less important, Thread Blight, caused by the basidiomycetes Ceratobasidium noxium (Syn. Corticium koleroga) and C. chavesanum, affects all aerial tissues of plants. The third disease, Cercospora leaf spot caused by Cercospora coffeicola, affects both leaves and grains, making it difficult to manage. Although there is enough scientific information on Rust, very little is known about the etiology, symptomatology, life cycle, and management of Thread Blight and Cercospora leaf spot. High-resolution photographs and micrographs were used and related with available scientific information. In addition, current scientific information on each disease was compiled, and with that, the life cycles were developed. Likewise, this manuscript describes the management of the three diseases based mainly on the use of genetic, cultural, physical, biological, and chemical measures and their integration as a sustainable alternative in the coffee agroecosystem. Current and future challenges in coffee include the evaluation of cultivars, genetic diversity of Ceratobasidium spp. and C. coffeicola, plant-pathogen interactions, and agroecological management practices.","PeriodicalId":21642,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Agropecuaria","volume":"225 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135153136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Convolutional neural networks ResNet-50 for weevil detection in corn kernels","authors":"Iván Alberto Analuisa Aroca, Arnaldo Vergara-Romero, Iris Betzaida Pérez Almeida","doi":"10.17268/sci.agropecu.2023.034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17268/sci.agropecu.2023.034","url":null,"abstract":"The article explores the use of convolutional neural networks, specifically ResNet-50, to detect weevils in corn kernels. Weevils are a major pest of stored maize and can cause significant yield and quality losses. The study found that the ResNet-50 model was able to distinguish with high precision between weevil-infested corn kernels and healthy kernels, achieving values ​​of 0.9464 for precision, 0.9310 for sensitivity, 0.9630 for specificity, 0.9469 for quality index, 0.9470 for the area under the curve (AUC) and 0.9474 for the F-score. The model was able to recognize nine out of ten weevil-free corn kernels using a minimal number of training samples. These results demonstrate the efficiency of the model in the accurate detection of weevil infestation in maize grains. The model's ability to accurately identify weevil-affected grains is critical to taking rapid action to control the spread of the pest, which can prevent significant economic losses and preserve the quality of stored corn. Research suggests that the use of ResNet-50 offers an efficient and low-cost solution for the early detection of weevil infestation in corn kernels. These models can quickly process large amounts of imaging data and perform accurate analysis, making it easy to identify affected grains.","PeriodicalId":21642,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Agropecuaria","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135151286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extraction of bioactive compounds from Peruvian purple corn cob (Zea Mays L.) by dynamic high pressure","authors":"Jhoseline Stayce Guillén Sánchez, Cinthia Baú Betim Cazarin, Miriam Regina Canesin, Felix Reyes Reyes, Amadeu Hoshi Iglesias, Marcelo Cristianini","doi":"10.17268/sci.agropecu.2023.032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17268/sci.agropecu.2023.032","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this research was to evaluate the effects of dynamic high pressure at different processing temperatures, on the extraction of bioactive compounds from Peruvian purple corn cob. The purple corn cobs were ground and sieved to then be mixed with an acidified 20% ethanol-water solution (pH 2) in a 1:30 (w/v) ratio. The hydroalcoholic extracts were subjected to maceration and high dynamic pressure processes varying temperature (25 °C to 60 °C) and pressure (0.01 MPa - 60 MPa), and the bioactive compounds content and antioxidant activity were evaluated. The results showed that dynamic high pressure at 60 MPa / 45 °C was capable of obtaining extracts with bioactive compound contents and high antioxidant activity corresponding to those obtained using the conventional process of 2.5 hours / 65 °C. Seven different anthocyanins were identified by liquid chromatography in the extracts obtained by the dynamic high pressure, mainly cyanidin-3-glucoside, pelargonidin-3-glucoside and peonidin-3-glucoside, and their respective malonyl derivatives. The dynamic high pressure increased the extraction of anthocyanins by more than 108% and obtained them in one step, thus appearing as a new alternative, eco-friendly method for the extraction of bioactive compounds from plant tissues.","PeriodicalId":21642,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Agropecuaria","volume":"217 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135153137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular identification and prevalence of fungal contaminants in seeds of semi-annual crops","authors":"Manuel Alfonso Patiño-Moscoso, Karen Viviana Osorio-Guerrero, Deisy Lorena Flórez-Gómez, Luisa Fernanda Sarmiento-Moreno, David Napoleón Vargas-Ramírez","doi":"10.17268/sci.agropecu.2023.030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17268/sci.agropecu.2023.030","url":null,"abstract":"Seed quality is affected by fungal contamination. These cause abortion, rot, or necrosis of the seed, as well as seedling damage that results in the development of diseases in later stages of growth. Their identification and characterization are essential to establish appropriate management. The objective of this work was to identify and determine the prevalence of fungal contaminants present in the seed of thirteen plant varieties of rice, soybean, corn, and forage sweet sorghum produced in the municipality of El Espinal, Tolima, Colombia. This research was carried out at the Tibaitatá Research Center of the Colombian Agricultural Research Corporation AGROSAVIA (Cundinamarca, Colombia) during the second semester of 2021. By means of a blotter test, fungal contaminants and their prevalence in germinated and non-germinated seeds were identified. A total of 65 fungal isolates were obtained, which were grouped into twenty-eight molecularly identified morphotypes (44 soybean, 5 rice, 7 sorghum and 9 corn). The genera Diaporthe and Fusarium were the ones with the highest total prevalence and in ungerminated seeds. The fungi found include possible pathogens such as Fusarium spp, Curvularia spp and Diaporthe spp. and saprophytic fungi such as Penicillium spp and Aspergillus spp. The isolates of Fusarium equiseti and Diaporthe sp. in soybean seed, Curvularia penniseti in rice seed, Diaporthe melonis in sorghum seed and Fusarium verticillioides in corn seed can be considered as potential seed-borne pathogens that caused a negative effect on germination capacity.","PeriodicalId":21642,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Agropecuaria","volume":"195 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135151294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}