Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Unraveling potential neuroprotective mechanisms of herbal medicine for Alzheimer’s diseases through comprehensive molecular docking analyses","authors":"Faisal Alsenani","doi":"10.1016/j.sjbs.2024.103998","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sjbs.2024.103998","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Alzheimer's disease (AD) continues to be a worldwide health concern, demanding innovative therapeutic approaches. This study investigates the neuroprotective potential of herbal compounds by scrutinizing their interactions with Beta-Secretase-1 (BACE1). Through comprehensive molecular docking analyses, three compounds, Masticadienonic acid (ΔG: −9.6 kcal/mol), Hederagenin (ΔG: −9.3 kcal/mol), and Anthocyanins (ΔG: −8.1 kcal/mol), emerge as promising BACE1 ligands, displaying low binding energies and strong affinities. ADME parameter predictions, drug-likeness assessments, and toxicity analyses reveal favorable pharmacokinetic profiles for these compounds. Notably, Masticadienonic Acid exhibits optimal drug-likeness (−3.3736) and negligible toxicity concerns. Hederagenin (drug-likeness: −5.3272) and Anthocyanins (drug-likeness: −6.2041) also demonstrate promising safety profiles. Furthermore, pharmacophore modeling elucidates the compounds' unique interaction landscapes within BACE1′s active site. Masticadienonic acid showcases seven hydrophobic interactions and a hydrogen bond acceptor interaction with Thr232. Hederagenin exhibits a specific hydrogen bond acceptor interaction with Trp76, emphasizing its selective binding. Anthocyanins reveal a multifaceted engagement, combining hydrophobic contacts and hydrogen bond interactions with key residues. In conclusion, Masticadienonic acid, Hederagenin, and Anthocyanins stand out as promising candidates for further experimental validation, presenting a synergistic balance of efficacy and safety in combating AD through BACE1 inhibition.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21540,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":"31 6","pages":"Article 103998"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1319562X24000767/pdfft?md5=067365c076f47adeaa5634410259e92b&pid=1-s2.0-S1319562X24000767-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140614591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medicinal plant extracts interfere in gastric cancer stem cells fluorescence-based assays","authors":"Salyoc Tapia-Rojas ,&nbsp;Marlon García-Paitán ,&nbsp;Jorge Del Rosario-Chavarri ,&nbsp;Alexei Santiani ,&nbsp;Santiago Alvarez-Vega ,&nbsp;José Amiel-Pérez ,&nbsp;Ana Mayanga-Herrera","doi":"10.1016/j.sjbs.2024.104000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2024.104000","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Fluorescence is used in various biological assays due to its high sensitivity, versatility, and precision. In recent years, studies using medicinal plant extracts have increased. However, fluorescence-based assays could be biased by plant metabolites autofluorescence. To address this issue, this study investigated the interference caused by methanolic extracts and chloroform fractions of three medicinal plants in three fluorescence-based assays on gastric cancer stem cells(CSC): resazurin reduction, confocal microscopy, and flow cytometry. CSC were isolated based on CD44 surface marker, incubated with methanolic extracts and chloroform fractions of <em>Buddleja incana, Dracontium spruceanum, Piper aduncum</em>. Resazurin assay evidenced that CSC exposed to extracts and fractions from the three plants showed significant differences in relative fluorescence units (RFU) levels (p &lt; 0.001) compared to the unexposed groups after a 3-hour incubation. In addition, DMSO-treated CSC exposed to extracts and fractions had significantly lower fluorescence levels than living ones, but higher than extracts and fractions without cells. In confocal microscopy, cancer stem cells exposed to extracts and fractions of <em>B. incana</em> and <em>P. aduncum</em> were observed in the same emission spectra of the CSC markers. In flow cytometry, CSC exposed to extracts and fractions without any fluorescent dyes were detected in the double positive quadrants for CSC markers (CD44+/CD133 + ). Among the three plants<em>, D. spruceanum</em> exhibited the least interference. These results show that methanolic extracts and chloroform fractions contain autofluorescent metabolites that interfere with fluorescence-based assays. These results highlight the importance of a prior evaluation for possible fluorescence interference to avoid interpretation biases in fluorescence assays.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21540,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":"31 6","pages":"Article 104000"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1319562X24000780/pdfft?md5=90308c30c804a5095c58b5792ae16de2&pid=1-s2.0-S1319562X24000780-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140644380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IC - Editorial Board","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S1319-562X(24)00068-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S1319-562X(24)00068-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21540,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":"31 5","pages":"Article 103990"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1319562X24000688/pdfft?md5=b21fde5d0fa5f1e5733ba85277389ae9&pid=1-s2.0-S1319562X24000688-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140543215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the chemical characterization and insecticidal activities of Curcuma angustifolia roxb. leaf essential oils against three major stored product insects","authors":"Angel Paul ,&nbsp;Naduvilthara U. Visakh ,&nbsp;Berin Pathrose ,&nbsp;Nicola Mori ,&nbsp;Rowida S. Baeshen ,&nbsp;Rady Shawer","doi":"10.1016/j.sjbs.2024.103986","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2024.103986","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Botanical pesticides are safe and widely used in pest management. <em>Curcuma angustifolia</em> belongs to the family Zingiberaceae and is a rhizomatous medicinal herb. Following rhizome harvesting, leaves are discarded as waste. However, they can be effectively utilized by extracting essential oils, which are potential biopesticides. The aim of the study is to evaluate the efficacy of the leaf essential oil of <em>Curcuma angustifolia</em> as a potential biopesticide against three stored grain pests, <em>Lasioderma serricorne, Tribolium castaneum,</em> and <em>Callasobruchus chinensis,</em> by their contact, fumigant, and repellent activities. The leaves yield 0.39 ± 0.02 % of oil by hydrodistillation. GC–MS/MS characterization identified curzerenone (18.37 %), geranyl-p-cymene (17.32 %), α-elemenone (13.59 %), eucalyptol (7.58 %) as the main constituents. When exposed to different concentrations of <em>C. angustifolia</em> oil, the test insect displayed noticeably high repellency rates. It also showed better contact toxicity at 24 h, LC₅₀ = 0.22 mg/cm² for cigarette beetle, LC₅₀ = 0.64 mg/cm² for red flour beetle, LC₅₀ = 0.07 mg/cm² for pulse beetle) and fumigation toxicities (LC₅₀ = 10.8 mg/L air at 24 h, for cigarette, LC₅₀ = 29.5 mg/L air for red flour beetle, LC₅₀ = 7.9 mg/L air for pulse beetle). Additionally, a phytotoxicity study was done on paddy seeds, and the results showed no effect on seed germination or seedling growth. It was evident from this study that <em>C. angustifolia</em> oil from waste leaves can be utilized as a botanical pesticide to manage the adults of these storage pests.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21540,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":"31 6","pages":"Article 103986"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1319562X24000640/pdfft?md5=1e1e9b22ddd666de0234ff748d804e07&pid=1-s2.0-S1319562X24000640-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140540698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elucidation of the composition, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties of essential oil and extract from Citrus aurantifolia (Christm.) Swingle peel","authors":"Nandang Permadi ,&nbsp;Mohamad Nurzaman ,&nbsp;Febri Doni ,&nbsp;Euis Julaeha","doi":"10.1016/j.sjbs.2024.103987","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2024.103987","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The most effective methodologies for generating <em>Musa</em> spp. explants involve the utilization of plant tissue culture micropropagation techniques. However, the pervasive challenge of microbial contamination significantly impedes the successful micropropagation of <em>Musa</em> spp. This study examined the antioxidant and antibacterial characteristics of the essential oil (LPO) and extract (LPE) obtained from the peel of <em>Citrus aurantifolia</em>. Additionally, we explored their mechanisms against common microbial contaminants in <em>Musa</em> spp. micropropagation. Using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, we identified 28 components in LPO, with δ-limonene, β-pinene, citral, trans-citral, β-bisabolene, geranyl acetate, and α-pinene as the primary constituents. Meanwhile, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry detected 17 components in LPE, highlighting nobiletin, tangeretin, scoparone, sinensetin, tetramethylscutellarein, 5-demethylnobiletin, and pyropheophorbide A as the predominant compounds. Evaluation using the DPPH and ABTS methods revealed the IC₅₀ values for LPE at 0.66 ± 0.009 and 0.92 ± 0.012 mg/mL, respectively, indicating higher antioxidant activity compared to LPO, with IC₅₀ values of 3.03 ± 0.019 and 4.27 ± 0.023 mg/mL using the same methods. Both LPO and LPE exhibited antimicrobial activities against all tested contaminant microorganisms through in vitro assays. Mechanistic investigations employing time-kill analysis, assessment of cell membrane integrity, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed changes in the morphological characteristics of the tested microbial contaminants, intensifying with increased concentration and exposure duration of LPO and LPE. These alterations led to substantial damage, including cell wall lysis, leakage of intracellular components, and subsequent cell death. Consequently, LPO and LPE emerge as promising alternatives for addressing microbial contamination in banana tissue cultures.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21540,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":"31 6","pages":"Article 103987"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1319562X24000652/pdfft?md5=8947f8cc2ee969eefccaa5adbfa4726e&pid=1-s2.0-S1319562X24000652-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140535439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Authentication of important medicinal herbal species through DNA-based molecular characterization","authors":"Zeeshan Hyder ,&nbsp;Ghazala Hafeez Rizwani ,&nbsp;Huma Shareef ,&nbsp;Iqbal Azhar ,&nbsp;Meraj Zehra","doi":"10.1016/j.sjbs.2024.103985","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2024.103985","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>DNA-based molecular markers have great importance among other methods used for the authentication, detection, and identification of medicinal herbal species. Currently, it is more common to identify the medicinal herbal species (monoherbal or polyherbal forms) morphologically by using sensory, macroscopic, and microscopic methods. DNA-based markers made an easy for accurate detection of herbal species by using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) which involves <em>in vitro</em> amplification of a particular region of DNA sequence.</p><p>In the current study, we used heterogenic parts for isolation of DNA from twelve important medicinal herbal species followed by purity determination, and yield calculation. We optimized a PCR reaction using universal primer sets to amplify the target DNA followed by DNA sequencing, and species identification. We also performed phylogenetic analysis for determining the evolutionary relationship between the herbal species, by using MEGAX32 software. Further, we prepared adulterated herbal species samples to validate the method.</p><p>The method was able to amplify the target gene through PCR in 11 out of 12 herbal species samples (sensitivity 91.66%).The DNA from cinnamon could not yield a truly amplified product. On DNA sequencing, all the amplified products were identified as true herbal species (specificity 100%). In the adulterated samples, non-specific DNA bands were observed after performing the PCR reaction, indicating the mixing of more than one herbal species.</p><p>To conclude, DNA sequencing-based molecular analysis is advantageous for the correct identification, and detection of adulterated herbal species.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21540,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":"31 6","pages":"Article 103985"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1319562X24000639/pdfft?md5=5991095b069cd45e10ad229e854f97d9&pid=1-s2.0-S1319562X24000639-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140557751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Milk microbiota of Holstein Friesian cattle reared in Lahore: Association with mastitis","authors":"Mian Muhammad Salman ,&nbsp;Muhammad Nawaz ,&nbsp;Tahir Yaqub ,&nbsp;Muhammad Hassan Mushtaq","doi":"10.1016/j.sjbs.2024.103984","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2024.103984","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The dairy industry is reshaping itself and becoming commercialized in Pakistan due to the increased demand for milk to overcome the shortage. Exotic breeds such as Holstein Friesian, a high milk producing breed have started being reared more on farms in Pakistan. Along with other issues, mastitis does affects the milk production of this breed. The objective of this study was to evaluate the milk composition in terms of bacterial communities in Holstein Friesian reared in Punjab, Pakistan and alteration in microbial composition with healthy and mastitic udder. Milk samples (n = 36) from farms rearing Holstein Friesian were collected. Among these samples, 05 samples from each three groups, HHF(healthy), CHF (clinical mastitis) and SHF (subclinical mastitis), based on their udder health condition, were processed using the 16 S r=RNA gene based technique. Diversity assessment as carried out by alpha diversity indices showed that milk samples from the udder infected with clinical mastitis were the least diverse and those from the healthy udder were more diverse. Beta diversity across samples showed a scattered pattern suggesting overlap amongst bacterial communities across different groups samples as depicted by PCA plots of beta diversity indices. The taxonomic profile revealed that Proteobacteria Firmicutes, Bacteroidota and Actinobacteriota were the major phyla detected across all groups. Proteobacteria dominated the HHF and SHF group while abundance of Firmicutes was higher in CHF group. Differences at other levels including order, genus and species were also recorded. The overall picture concludes that diverse microbiota is associated with different udder health conditions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21540,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":"31 6","pages":"Article 103984"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1319562X24000627/pdfft?md5=ccca856e0ef0ed5087a784b249921e78&pid=1-s2.0-S1319562X24000627-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140545807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vegetation–edaphic correlation and importance value index in himalayan ‘ecotone’ temperate conifer forest using the multivariate technique","authors":"F. Ali ,&nbsp;M. Zeb ,&nbsp;M. Amin ,&nbsp;M.N. Rajpar ,&nbsp;S. Hidayat ,&nbsp;W.R. Khan","doi":"10.1016/j.sjbs.2024.103983","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2024.103983","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Himalayan ‘Ecotone’ temperate conifer forest is the cradle of life for human survival and wildlife existence. In spite of the importance of these areas, they have not been studied in depth. This study aimed to quantify the floristic structure, important value index (IVI), topographic and edaphic variables between 2019 and 2020 utilizing circular quadrant method (10 m x 10 m). The upper-storey layer consisted of 17 tree species belongs to 12 families and 9 orders. Middle-storey shrubs comprised of 23 species representing 14 families and 12 orders. A total of 43 species of herbs, grasses, and ferns were identified from the ground-storey layer, representing 25 families and 21 orders. Upper-storey vegetation structure was dominated by <em>Pinus roxburghii</em> (22.45 %) and middle-storey by <em>Dodonaea viscosa</em> (7.69 %). However, the ground layer vegetation was diverse in species composition (43 species) and distribution. The floral vegetation structure was encompassing of three floral communities which were diverse in IVI, such as, in Piro–Aial (Group 2), <em>Pinus roxburghii</em> (54.46 x 15.94) had the highest IVI value, followed by <em>Pinus wallichiana</em> (45.21 x 14.85) in Piwa–Quin (Group 3) and <em>Ailanthus altissima</em> (22.84 x 19.25) in Aial–Qugal (Group 1). However, the IVI values for <em>Aesculus indica</em>, <em>Celtis australis</em>, and <em>Quercus incana</em> in Aial–Qugal (Group 1) were not determined due to low detection rate. Nevertheless, eleven of these species showed 0 IVI values in Piro–Aial (Group 2) and Piwa–Quin (Group 3). CCA ordination biplot illustrated the significant differences among floral communities and its distribution, which impacted by temperature, rainfall, soil pH, altitude, and topographic features. Ward's agglomerative clustering finding reflected 'Ecotone' temperate conifer forest is rich and diverse floristic structure.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21540,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":"31 5","pages":"Article 103983"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1319562X24000615/pdfft?md5=bf76c359178bc7ab0e437867aa3180a6&pid=1-s2.0-S1319562X24000615-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140320512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling the Tiny Invaders: A deep dive into microplastics in shrimp – Occurrence, detection and unraveling the ripple effects","authors":"Amrutha Vellore Mohan,&nbsp;Sudhakaran Raja","doi":"10.1016/j.sjbs.2024.103981","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2024.103981","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Aquaculture is a rapidly expanding food sector worldwide; it is the farming of fish, shellfish, and other marine organisms. Microplastics (MPs) are small pieces of plastic with a diameter of less than 5 mm that end up in the marine environment. MPs are fragments of large plastics that take years to degrade but can frustrate into small pieces, and some commercially available MPs are used in the production of toothpaste, cosmetics, and aircraft. MPs are emerging contaminants; they are ingested by marine species. These MPs have effects on marine species such as growth retardation and particle translocation to other parts of the body. Recently, MPs accumulation has been observed in shrimps, as well as in a wide range of other scientific reports. So, in this study, we review the presence, accumulation, and causes of MPs in shrimp. These plastics can trophic transfer to other organisms, changes in plastic count, effects on the marine environment, and impacts of MPs on human health were also discussed. It also improves our understanding of the importance of efficient plastic waste management in the ocean, as well as the impact of MPs on marine biota and human health.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21540,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":"31 5","pages":"Article 103981"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1319562X24000597/pdfft?md5=f58333a4c53934e9931d9d3de16732b9&pid=1-s2.0-S1319562X24000597-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140347419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular detection of ruminal micro-flora and micro-fauna in Saudi Arabian camels: Effects of season and region","authors":"Hashim M. Abdullah ,&nbsp;Osama B. Mohammed ,&nbsp;Abdullah Sheikh ,&nbsp;Faisal Almathen ,&nbsp;Ahmed M. Khalid ,&nbsp;Amel O. Bakhiet ,&nbsp;Mutassim M. Abdelrahman","doi":"10.1016/j.sjbs.2024.103982","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2024.103982","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigated and explored the availability of micro-flora and micro-fauna in the ruminal contents of Arabian camel (<em>Camelus dromedarius</em>)<!--> <!-->from<!--> <!-->three<!--> <!-->different regions in Saudi Arabia<!--> <!-->along with two<!--> <!-->seasons. Samples were prepared and tested by conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR). This study confirmed that the bacterial flora were dominating over other microbes. Different results of the availability of each microbe in each region and season were statistically analyzed and discussed. There was no significant effect of season on the micro-flora or micro-fauna however, the location revealed a positive effect with <em>Ruminococcus flavefaciens (p</em> &lt; 0 0.03) in the eastern region. This study was the first to investigate the abundance of micro-flora and micro-fauna in the ruminal contents of camels of Saudi Arabia. This study underscores the significance of camel ruminal micro-flora and micro-fauna abundance, highlighting their correlation with both seasonality and geographic location. This exploration enhances our comprehension of camel rumination and digestion processes. The initial identification of these microbial communities serves as a foundational step, laying the groundwork for future in-depth investigations into camel digestibility and nutritional requirements.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21540,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":"31 5","pages":"Article 103982"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1319562X24000603/pdfft?md5=b6f1b16736b5c4574165c715b8667b52&pid=1-s2.0-S1319562X24000603-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140344110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}