Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health最新文献

{"title":"Immune modulating effects of continuous bioaerosol and terpene exposure over three years among sawmill workers in Norway.","authors":"Anne Straumfors, Fred Haugen, Øivind Skare, Wijnand Eduard, Paul K Henneberger, Jeroen Douwes, Bente Ulvestad, Karl-Christian Nordby","doi":"10.5271/sjweh.4240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5271/sjweh.4240","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Exposure to wood dust, resin acids, microbial and volatile components among sawmill workers may impair respiratory health, with inflammation indicated as a key mechanism. Previous, mostly cross-sectional studies have shown mixed results, and a conclusive association between wood dust exposure and chronic respiratory inflammation has therefore not yet been established. This study assessed associations between exposure to bioaerosols and volatile terpenes and serum inflammatory marker levels over three years.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Serum biomarkers and blood cell counts were analyzed based on 702 observations from 450 exposed sawmill workers and 102 observations from 65 unexposed sawmill workers in Norway at baseline and after three years. Job-exposure-matrices, based on measurements among the same cohort, were used to assess exposures for wood dust, endotoxins, resin acid, monoterpenes, fungal spores, and fungal fragments. Changes in exposures, biomarkers and cell counts over the study period, as well as group differences and potential cause-and-effect associations were assessed using linear mixed regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Exposures were relatively low and below occupational limits, although variances were relatively high (GSD_tot 2.1-8.3), largely driven by differences between workers (GSD_bw 1.9-7.8). Serum CC-16 and mCRP were slightly higher after three years, whereas IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-10 levels were significantly lower among exposed compared with unexposed workers. Exposures positively associated with increases in biomarker levels included endotoxin with mCRP, monoterpenes with IL-10, and fungal spores with TNF-α and IL-8. Exposed workers had higher counts of total leucocytes, neutrophils, lymphocytes and basophils after three years. Several of the increased leucocyte counts were associated with concurrent increase in mCRP and IL-6 concentrations, predominantly in the exposed group. Conversely, increased CC-16 levels were associated with lower leucocyte and neutrophil counts, mainly in the unexposed group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Continuous exposure to wood dust and related components for three years appears to induce a chronic low-grade inflammatory response among sawmill workers with a shift in cytokine profiles towards a less regulated, potentially more muted immune state.</p>","PeriodicalId":21528,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144592137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occupational differences in working life expectancy and working years lost in Nordic countries.","authors":"Karina Undem, Taina Leinonen, Daniel Falkstedt, Gun Johansson, Jacob Pedersen, Eira Viikari-Juntura, Ingrid Sivesind Mehlum, Svetlana Solovieva","doi":"10.5271/sjweh.4239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5271/sjweh.4239","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Risk of exit from work is both occupation- and country-specific. This study investigated occupational differences in working life expectancy (WLE) and reasons for working years lost (WYL) among employed workers in three Nordic countries.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We utilized registry-based cohorts of the employed population in Denmark (N=2 383 657), Finland (N=1 266 705) and Norway (N=1 761 166) to estimate WLE for ages 30-65 using the Sullivan method with 2015 data. We further estimated WYL due to sickness absence, unemployment, disability retirement, old-age retirement and other reasons. The analyses were stratified by gender and major occupational group (1st digit in the ISCO-88 code).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Occupational differences in WLE and WYL were observed in all countries. The overall pattern across the countries showed that legislators, senior officials and managers and professionals generally had high WLE, while service and sales workers and employees in manual occupations tended to have lower WLE, with employees in elementary occupations performing the worst. Reasons for WYL varied with country. In general, disability retirement was a significant factor in Denmark, unemployment in Finland, and sickness absence in Norway.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A similar occupational pattern in WLE was observed across the countries, with some occupational groups consistently showing high or low WLE. However, the magnitude of occupational differences in WLE and the reasons for WYL varied across the countries.</p>","PeriodicalId":21528,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144554383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Could work-related muscle activity explain sex differences in neck pain? A meta-analysis of a pooled dataset.","authors":"Markus Koch, Lars-Kristian Lunde, Mikael Forsman, Lars Louis Andersen, Markus Due Jakobsen, Mikkel Brandt, Henrik Enquist, Gisela Sjøgaard, Karen Søgaard, Xuelong Fan, Kaj Bo Veiersted","doi":"10.5271/sjweh.4227","DOIUrl":"10.5271/sjweh.4227","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Sustained activity of the upper trapezius muscle during work has been linked to the development of neck pain. Women have higher occurrences of neck pain than men, even in the same occupations. This study aimed to investigate sex-specific associations between upper trapezius muscle activity time-related variables and neck pain using a meta-analysis of pooled data.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Seven Scandinavian research institutes provided surface electromyographic (EMG) data on the upper trapezius muscle activity during work and related questionnaire-based data on neck pain severity. EMG and questionnaire data were harmonized and pooled. Associations between upper trapezius muscle activity variables [median muscle activity, frequency of muscular rest periods, and periods with sustained muscle activity (SUMA)] and neck pain severity were investigated separately for women (N=293) and men (N=418) using linear regression analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the cross-sectional analyses, women showed significant positive associations between the number of short SUMA periods and negative associations for long SUMA periods in regard to neck pain severity. In the longitudinal analyses, women showed no significant associations. In the cross-sectional analysis for men, one significant positive association was found between median upper trapezius muscle activity and neck pain severity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Compared to men, neck pain severity among women appears to be more dependent on upper trapezius muscle activity patterns at work. Therefore, ergonomic and organizational recommendations for work should be sex-specific or adjusted for women to reduce their prevalence of neck pain. Further research is needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of these sex differences.</p>","PeriodicalId":21528,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health","volume":" ","pages":"323-332"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144037336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shift workers' experiences and views of sleep disturbance, fatigue and healthy behaviors: a systematic review and qualitative evidence synthesis.","authors":"Jack S Benton, Charlotte L Lee, Hannah A Long, Thavapriya Sugavanam, Leah Holmes, Annie Keane, Neal Thurley, Simon Kyle, David Ray, David P French","doi":"10.5271/sjweh.4223","DOIUrl":"10.5271/sjweh.4223","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Shift work is common across most societies but poses significant risks to the health of shift workers. In part, this risk is due to the disruption of healthy sleep-wake schedules. This systematic review identified qualitative research on shift workers' experiences of sleep disturbance, fatigue and healthy behaviors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a systematic search of four databases (CINAHL, EMBASE, MEDLINE, PsycINFO) and identified 28 eligible studies involving 1519 participants. We appraised the studies using an adapted Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) checklist, and confidence in the review findings was formally assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation-Confidence in the Evidence from Reviews of Qualitative research (GRADE-CERQual) approach. Data were thematically synthesized.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three analytical themes were generated. 'Inevitability of fatigue and tiredness' outlines how shift workers experience a culture where they feel \"peer pressure to soldier through\" their shifts regardless of fatigue. 'Balancing sleep needs with competing responsibilities' highlights how shift workers struggle to balance the need for daytime sleep with family, leisure, and work responsibilities, often prioritizing family needs over their own sleep. 'Obstacles to engaging in healthy behaviors' describes how shift workers often know which actions would benefit their health and reduce fatigue but find it challenging to translate this knowledge into behavior due to fatiguing and stressful work environments. For the purposes of the GRADE-CERQual assessment, short summary statements were developed to describe 22 review findings: there was moderate or high confidence in all but one of these findings.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This review suggests that sleep education alone is unlikely to be effective. Interventions should focus on helping shift workers self-regulate their behaviors, thoughts, and emotions to better manage sleep and fatigue.</p>","PeriodicalId":21528,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health","volume":" ","pages":"282-297"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143754403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Indra Dannheim, Helena Ludwig-Walz, Halina Kirsch, Martin Bujard, Anette E Buyken, Katherine M Richardson, Anja Kroke","doi":"10.5271/sjweh.4219","DOIUrl":"10.5271/sjweh.4219","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Based on the well-documented role of supervisors` in fostering healthy workplaces and managing the impact of work-related stress, the aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions (SMI) on their psychological stress, mindfulness, mental health, and work- and leadership-related outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eligible studies, including randomized controlled trials or controlled before-after studies, examining the effects of leader-targeted SMI on supervisors` psychological stress, mindfulness, mental health, and work- and leadership-related outcomes, were identified in four electronic databases and supplemented by manual search strategies. Screening for eligibility, data extraction, risk of bias assessment, and certainty of evidence grading, following PRISMA guidelines and Cochrane Handbook recommendations, were done in duplicate. Data were pooled in random effects models to synthesize g-scores. Sensitivity and moderator analyses were used to assess the robustness of the results and explore potential sources of heterogeneity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The 25 studies (N=2466 participants) meeting the full inclusion criteria varied widely in population characteristics, intervention types, duration, delivery methods, and examined outcomes. The overall intervention effect was g=0.13 [95% confidence interval (CI) -0.24- -0.01] after excluding outliers. Significant intervention effects were found for mental health [g=-0.38 (95% CI -0.69- -0.08)] and, after excluding influential cases, work- [g=-0.32 (95% CI -0.63- -0.00)] and leadership-related outcomes [g=-0.23 (95% CI -0.44- -0.02)].</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our meta-analysis suggests that leader-targeted SMI can be an effective approach for promoting occupational health.</p>","PeriodicalId":21528,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health","volume":" ","pages":"265-281"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143658570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Night-shift work and susceptibility to infectious diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Bette Loef, Esmee Bosma, Linda W M van Kerkhof, Karin I Proper, Debbie van Baarle, Martijn E T Dollé","doi":"10.5271/sjweh.4225","DOIUrl":"10.5271/sjweh.4225","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>A growing body of research on infection susceptibility among night-shift workers has emerged, particularly since the COVID-19 pandemic. However, a comprehensive overview is still lacking. Therefore, this review aimed to synthesize the evidence on the association between night-shift work and susceptibility to infectious diseases.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Embase and PsycINFO were systematically searched for studies published up to September 2024. Studies were included if they comprised a working population, night-shift workers were compared to non-shift workers, and the outcome was an infectious disease. Results were descriptively synthesized for common respiratory infections (flu and common cold), SARS-CoV-2 infection, and other infections. Pooled effect estimates were calculated using random-effects meta-analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 16 articles describing 14 studies among 191 320 workers were included. Based on 4 studies, night-shift work was not associated with a significantly increased risk of common respiratory infections [odds ratio (OR) 1.11, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.97-1.27, I²=65.8%[. However, night-shift workers had a higher risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection than non-shift workers (OR 1.31, 95% CI 1.09-1.58, I²=92.2%, N=10 studies). This association was stronger in higher-quality studies and studies conducted in the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. For other infections, insufficient studies were available to conduct a meta-analysis. The certainty of evidence was graded very low due to a limited number of (prospective cohort) studies and high inconsistency in the available studies.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This systematic review and meta-analysis showed that night-shift work was associated with an increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection, but not of common respiratory infections. To address the lack of high-certainty evidence, more studies are needed that apply a prospective design with appropriate adjustment for confounding factors and more extensive information on night-shift work exposure.</p>","PeriodicalId":21528,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health","volume":" ","pages":"298-311"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143796095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of short active breaks for reducing sedentary behavior and increasing physical activity among Japanese office workers: one-year quasi-experimental study.","authors":"Naruki Kitano, Takashi Jindo, Kaori Yoshiba, Daisuke Yamaguchi, Yuya Fujii, Kyohsuke Wakaba, Kazushi Maruo, Yuko Kai, Takashi Arao","doi":"10.5271/sjweh.4224","DOIUrl":"10.5271/sjweh.4224","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We examined the effects of a one-year multicomponent workplace intervention that introduced short active breaks from prolonged sitting on occupational movement behaviors and health among Japanese office workers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This quasi-experimental study was conducted in Tokyo, Japan (2019-2020). In the intervention group (N=172), activity breaks from sitting were introduced to the work schedule (approximately 10 minutes/working hour) together with support strategies to encourage participation (eg, social support, provision of information). Workers in the control group (N=323), who worked at the same company group as those in the intervention group, did not receive any intervention. We evaluated accelerometer-measured sedentary behavior and physical activity during working hours as primary outcomes, and mental health and subjective job performance as secondary outcomes. Propensity score weighting using overlap weights was performed to examine between-group differences in outcomes at one year.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At the one-year follow-up assessment, sedentary behaviors during working hours in the intervention group decreased by 24.4 minutes (95% confidence interval 31.6-17.3), with physical activity increasing by a comparable amount (P for group difference <0.05). However, at the one-year follow-up, psychological distress had worsened and work engagement had declined in the intervention group relative to baseline (P for group difference <0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings suggest that this program is a feasible approach to reducing sedentary behavior and promoting physical activity during work hours among office workers. However, methodological limitations prevent the definitive attribution of the effects to the intervention. Further rigorous research is needed to assess its effectiveness and external validity before broad implementation.</p>","PeriodicalId":21528,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health","volume":" ","pages":"312-322"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143803997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of sedentary time, number of steps and sit-to-stand-transitions of desk-based workers in different office environments including working from home: analysis of quantitative accelerometer data from the cross-sectional part of the SITFLEX Study.","authors":"Martha Sauter, Eva Backé, Carina Pfab, Michaela Prigge, Claudia Brendler, Falk Liebers, Peter von Löwis, Andrea Pfeiffer, Falko Papenfuss, Janice Hegewald","doi":"10.5271/sjweh.4228","DOIUrl":"10.5271/sjweh.4228","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Sedentary behavior is associated with diseases (eg, cardiovascular, diabetes type 2). We aimed to describe the sitting and moving behavior of desk-based hybrid employees of a large company in Germany working in either a traditional open plan office (OPO) or an activity-based flex office (AFO) and when working from home. We also aimed to determine if the behaviors differ between both working environments (ie, working from home versus the office) and the office concepts (OPO versus AFO).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a cross-sectional study to measure sedentary time, sit-to-stand-transitions (STS), standing, and physical activity (time spent physically active and steps) in different working environments with activPAL3. Time-use data were also examined using compositional data analysis. Mixed model regression was performed to estimate means and 95% confidence intervals (CI). The main models were adjusted for sex, age, profession and measurement phase (July-November 2021).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The sample comprised 102 employees (women: N=27, mean age 38.9 years). On average, OPO employees spent 351 minutes (95% CI 322-380) being sedentary, took 2763 steps (95% CI 2460-3066) and made 16.6 STS (95% CI 13.6-19.6). AFO workers averaged 333 sedentary minutes (95% CI 308-358), 2906 steps (95% CI 2645-3167) and 19.1 STS (95% CI 16.6-21.7). When working from home, workers spent 378 minutes (95% CI 359-396) being sedentary, took 1257 steps (95% CI 1063-1452) and made 20.9 STS (95% CI 19.0-22.8). Working from home was associated with increased sedentary time and fewer steps but more STS.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Sedentary time of desk-based workers seems to be prolonged when working from home. As sedentary behavior increases the risk of disease, there is a need for measures to reduce employees` sedentary time in all working environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":21528,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health","volume":" ","pages":"333-343"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144022229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving health-promoting workplaces through interdisciplinary approaches. The example of WISEWORK-C, a cluster of five work and health projects within Horizon-Europe.","authors":"Deborah De Moortel, Michelle C Turner, Ella Arensman, Alex Binh Vinh Duc Nguyen, Víctor Gonzalez","doi":"10.5271/sjweh.4238","DOIUrl":"10.5271/sjweh.4238","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21528,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health","volume":" ","pages":"259-264"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144476600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response to Drs. Igor Burstyn and George Luta's letter: Advice on better utilization of validation data to adjust odds ratios for differential exposure misclassification (recall bias).","authors":"Henrik A Kolstad, Jesper Medom Vestergaard, Jens Peter Bonde, Sadie Costello, Annett Dalbøge, Åse Marie Hansen, Ann Dyreborg Larsen, Anne Helene Garde","doi":"10.5271/sjweh.4232","DOIUrl":"10.5271/sjweh.4232","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21528,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health","volume":" ","pages":"347-348"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143982287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}