Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health最新文献

{"title":"Successful prevention of organic solvent induced disorders: history and lessons.","authors":"Maria Albin, Gunnar Johanson, Christer Hogstedt","doi":"10.5271/sjweh.4155","DOIUrl":"10.5271/sjweh.4155","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this discussion paper, we describe the history of the science and societal action resulting in the mitigation of neurotoxic disorders from exposure to organic solvents at the workplaces in Sweden. When alkyd paints were introduced in large scale in construction painting in the 1960s and 1970s, Scandinavian unions voiced increasing concern as members reported symptoms like headache and vertigo, supported by participatory studies and case studies. Although acute and chronic neurotoxic effects were established for some specific solvents such as carbon disulphide, this was not the case for those used in the new paints. Union advocacy promoted formal epidemiological studies, providing increasing evidence for chronic neurotoxicity at levels far below current occupational exposure levels. The results were widely disseminated and accepted and led to concerted action with preventive measures, most importantly substitution of the organic solvents in paints for indoor use, but also drastic reductions in occupational exposure limits. The findings also resulted in funding of further research on solvent toxicity and the establishment of expert groups to advice authorities on occupational standards for exposure to chemicals. The substitution strategy was subsequently adopted in many other countries and occupational exposure limits were lowered, although several years or even decades later. While the societal context in Sweden was unique in many ways, we conclude that there are lessons to be learned from this preventive success when addressing current challenges.</p>","PeriodicalId":21528,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health","volume":" ","pages":"135-141"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10999953/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140120509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What are the economic costs of a poor work environment?","authors":"Reiner Rugulies, Alex Burdorf","doi":"10.5271/sjweh.4143","DOIUrl":"10.5271/sjweh.4143","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21528,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health","volume":" ","pages":"49-52"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10924735/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139651644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global-, regional- and country-level estimates of the work-related burden of diseases and accidents in 2019.","authors":"Jukka Takala, Päivi Hämäläinen, Riitta Sauni, Clas-Håkan Nygård, Diana Gagliardi, Subas Neupane","doi":"10.5271/sjweh.4132","DOIUrl":"10.5271/sjweh.4132","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study provides the global-, regional- and country-level estimates on the work-related burden of diseases and accidents for 2019, including deaths, disability adjusted life years (DALY) and economic losses.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data on occupational illnesses and injuries from international organizations, institutions, and public websites were used. Risk ratios (RR) and population attributable fractions (PAF) for the risk factor-outcome pairs were derived from the literature. Estimated mortality and DALY for a group of seven major diseases covering 120 risk-outcome pairs attributable to work were calculated for 181 countries.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Globally, 2.9 million deaths were attributed to work, with 2.58 million deaths due to work-related diseases and 0.32 million related to occupational injuries. Globally, work-related diseases with a long latency period are increasing, while the number of occupational injuries has decreased. Work-related circulatory diseases were the major cause of 912 000 deaths globally, followed by 843 000 work-related malignant neoplasms. In high-income, American, Eastern European and Western Pacific World Health Organization (WHO) regions, however, work-related malignant neoplasms comprised the biggest disease group. DALY attributable to work were estimated to be 180 million in 2019, with an associated economic loss of 5.8% of global GDP. New estimates of psychosocial factors increased the global loss.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The burden of work-related diseases and injuries increased by 26% from 2.3 million annual deaths in 2014 to 2.9 million in 2019. The DALY attributable to work have also substantially increased from 123 million in 2014 to 180 million in 2019 (47% increase). We found large regional and country variations.</p>","PeriodicalId":21528,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health","volume":" ","pages":"73-82"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10927068/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89719422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of employment and income support interventions on the health of young adults with episodic disability: Findings from a systematic review.","authors":"Arif Jetha, Lahmea Navaratnerajah, Sebastian Kondratowski, Meagan Parmassar, Lori B Tucker, Monique A M Gignac","doi":"10.5271/sjweh.4133","DOIUrl":"10.5271/sjweh.4133","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Young adults living with episodic disabilities face unpredictable disruptions to their employment and health. Our study aimed to examine the impact of employment and income support interventions on the health and well-being of young adults living with episodic disabilities.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a systematic review of peer-reviewed intervention studies published in 2001-2021 in industrialized contexts. Two independent reviewers screened titles, abstracts and full-texts. We undertook a narrative synthesis of eligible articles.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our search yielded 15 269 published articles, of which only five studies were eligible for evidence synthesis. All articles were appraised as being of medium quality. Four interventions focused on young adults living with mental health conditions. Two were based in clinical settings; three were based in community-based settings. Each employment intervention exhibited improvements in health outcomes. Three studies examined the impact of supported employment interventions that were particularly beneficial to improving work and health outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Involvement in employment interventions could provide benefits for the health of young adults living with episodic disabilities. Our systematic review highlights the need for research to elaborate on the ways in which employment interventions can impact the health and well-being of young adults living with different episodic disabilities.</p>","PeriodicalId":21528,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health","volume":" ","pages":"122-128"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10928491/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138809146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Asbestos and disease - a public health success story?","authors":"Bengt Järvholm, Alex Burdorf","doi":"10.5271/sjweh.4146","DOIUrl":"10.5271/sjweh.4146","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This paper discusses the failure and success of society to decrease the adverse health effects of asbestos exposure on workers' health in relation to scientific knowledge.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The findings are based on a narrative literature review.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Early warnings of the adverse health effects of workplace exposure to asbestos were published already in the 1930s. Serious health effects, such as malignancies and fibrosis due to occupational asbestos exposure, were highlighted in major medical journals and textbooks in late 1960s. New technologies could detect also asbestos fibers in the lung of non-occupational exposed persons in the 1970s. The first bans for using asbestos came in the early 1970s, and more general bans by authorities came in the 1980s and continue until today.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The rather late recognition of adverse effects of asbestos exposure in the general population and measures to decrease the exposure through more general bans came rather late. However, the very strong measures such as general bans in many countries have been a success. A Swedish study showed that the general ban and other measures have decreased the risk of malignancies due to occupational exposure. The effect of the bans on adverse effects in the general population has yet to be studied. Analysis of fibers in the lungs of persons born after the bans could be an efficient method.</p>","PeriodicalId":21528,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health","volume":" ","pages":"53-60"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10924740/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139698158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The labor market costs of work-related stress: A longitudinal study of 52 763 Danish employees using multi-state modeling.","authors":"Jacob Pedersen, Brian Krogh Graversen, Kristian Schultz Hansen, Ida Elisabeth Huitfeldt Madsen","doi":"10.5271/sjweh.4131","DOIUrl":"10.5271/sjweh.4131","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Work-related stress is an important public health concern in all industrialized countries and is linked to reduced labor market affiliation and an increased disease burden. We aimed to quantify the labor market costs of work-related stress for a large sample of Danish employees.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We linked four consecutive survey waves on occupational health and five national longitudinal registers with date-based information on wage and social benefits payments. From 2012 to 2020, we followed survey participants for two year-periods, yielding 110 559 person-years. We identified work stress by combining three dichotomous stress indicators: (i) self-perceived work stress, (ii) Cohen 4-level perceived stress scale, and (iii) job strain. Using the multi-state expected labor market affiliation (ELMA) method, we estimated the labor market expenses associated with work-related stress.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the employees, 26-37% had at least one work-stress indicator. Men aged 35-64 years and women aged 18-64 years with work-related stress had up to 81.6 fewer workdays and up to 50.7 more days of sickness absence during follow-up than similarly aged men without work stress. The average annual work absenteeism loss per employee linked to work-related stress was €1903 for men and €3909 for women, corresponding to 3.3% of men's average annual wages and 9.0% of women's average annual wages, respectively. The total annual expenses were €305.2 million for men and €868.5 million for women.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Work-related stress was associated with significant labor market costs due to increased sickness absence and unemployment. The prevention of work-related stress is an important occupational health concern, and the development of effective interventions should be given high priority.</p>","PeriodicalId":21528,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health","volume":" ","pages":"61-72"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10927069/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71522499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The indispensable <i>whole</i> of work and population health: How the working life exposome can advance empirical research, policy, and action.","authors":"Yorghos Apostolopoulos, Sevil Sönmez, Matthew S Thiese, Lazaros K Gallos","doi":"10.5271/sjweh.4130","DOIUrl":"10.5271/sjweh.4130","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The thesis of this paper is that health and safety challenges of working people can only be fully understood by examining them as wholes with interacting parts. This paper unravels this indispensable whole by introducing the working life exposome and elucidating how associated epistemologies and methodologies can enhance empirical research.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Network and population health scientists have initiated an ongoing discourse on the state of empirical work-health-safety-well-being research.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Empirical research has not fully captured the totality and complexity of multiple and interacting work and nonwork factors defining the health of working people over their life course. We challenge the prevailing paradigm by proposing to expand it from narrow work-related exposures and associated monocausal frameworks to the holistic study of work and population health grounded in complexity and exposome sciences. Health challenges of working people are determined by, embedded in, and/or operate as complex systems comprised of multilayered and interdependent components. One can identify many potentially causal factors as sufficient and component causes where removal of one or more of these can impact disease progression. We, therefore, cannot effectively study them by an a priori determination of a set of components and/or properties to be examined separately and then recombine partial approaches, attempting to form a picture of the whole. Instead, we must examine these challenges as wholes from the start, with an emphasis on interactions among their multifactorial components and their emergent properties. Despite various challenges, working-life-exposome-grounded frameworks and associated innovations have the potential to accomplish that.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This emerging paradigm shift can move empirical work-health-safety-well-being research to cutting-edge science and enable more impactful policies and actions.</p>","PeriodicalId":21528,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health","volume":" ","pages":"83-95"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10927210/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89719423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ground reaction force as a factor responsible for the topography of injuries in professional dance. An analysis of three dance styles: classical dance, modern dance, and folk dance.","authors":"Joanna Gorwa, Katarzyna Nowakowska-Lipiec, Robert Michnik","doi":"10.5271/sjweh.4137","DOIUrl":"10.5271/sjweh.4137","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The study aimed to identify the effects of ground reaction forces (GRF) recorded during landing in typical elements of three dance styles, including classical, modern, and folk dance, on injuries` topography.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The research involved a survey and measurements of GRF generated during landing after the jump. The survey involved a group of 90 professional dancers. In the questionnaire, the dancers marked areas of the human body that were affected at least once by injuries. Biomechanical tests of the GRF recording were conducted on a group of 15 professional dancers. The analysis focused on the following parameters: a maximum value of the vertical variable of the GRF relative to body weight (maxGRF_z), the time between the moment from first foot contact with the ground to the moment of reaching the maxGRF_z (_tmaxGRFz), and the loading rate of the GRF relative to body weight (LR_GRFz).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Regardless of dance style and sex, the lower spine, knee joints, ankle joints and feet were the areas most affected by injuries among professional dancers. The level of maxGRF_z, t_maxGRFz and LR_GRFz during typical jumps in classical, modern, and folk dance was statistically significantly different (P<0.01*). The highest mean maxGRFz values were recorded for jumps performed by classical dancers. Furthermore, the sum of injury-affected areas differed significantly across various dance styles and was connected with the impact forces transferred by the dancer's musculoskeletal system.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The level of GRF is one of the decisive factors affecting the topography of professional dance injuries.</p>","PeriodicalId":21528,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health","volume":" ","pages":"103-112"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10928442/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139404243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of retirement on self-rated oral health and dental services use: longitudinal fixed-effects instrumental variable study in 31 countries.","authors":"Sebastian-Edgar Baumeister, Hanna Wesselmann, Gustavo G Nascimento, Stefan Listl","doi":"10.5271/sjweh.4134","DOIUrl":"10.5271/sjweh.4134","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study examined the effect of retirement on self-rated oral health and dental services use.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Covering 31 countries, we used harmonized panel data from the English Longitudinal Study on Aging (ELSA), Health and Retirement Study (HRS), and the Survey of Health, Aging and Retirement in Europe (SHARE). Data comprised 485 085 observations from 112 240 individuals aged ≥50 years. Official and early retirement ages were leveraged as instruments in a fixed-effects instrumental variable approach.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found that retirement exhibited a negative effect on self-rated oral health (β = -0.37; 95% confidence interval (CI) -0.44- -0.30) and a positive effect on the propensity to seek dental care (β = 0.56; 95% CI 0.53-0.60). Male retirees showed a stronger decrease in self-rated oral health and increase in dental services use than female retirees. Participants who previously worked in a physically demanding job showed a stronger effect on self-rated oral health. Conversely, participants without a physically demanding job in the past exhibited a stronger retirement effect on dental service use. Compared with other health system clusters, retirement effects on dental services use were stronger in three health system clusters: Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Ireland, Luxembourg, The Netherlands, and Sweden; Israel; and the United States.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Using a quasi-experimental design, we found that transition to retirement lowers self-rated oral health and increases the use of dental services. Retirement effects appeared heterogeneous across sexes, type of previous labor, and health systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":21528,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health","volume":" ","pages":"96-102"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10927317/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138809145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethical value conflicts in healthcare and their effects on nurses' health, turnover intent, team effectiveness, and patient safety: a longitudinal questionnaire study.","authors":"Pernilla Larsman, Anders Pousette, Maria Skyvell Nilsson, Christian Gadolin, Marianne Törner","doi":"10.5271/sjweh.4138","DOIUrl":"10.5271/sjweh.4138","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Moral distress emanating from value conflicts comprising ethical dimensions pose a threat to nurses' health and retention, as well as to the quality of care. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationships between the frequency of ethical value conflicts (EVC), and the perceived distress when they occur, respectively, and nurses' work-related stress, burnout symptoms, turnover intent, team effectiveness, and patient safety.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A two-wave longitudinal cohort questionnaire study was performed among registered nurses at six hospitals in two Swedish regions. Cross-sectional analyses (T1) were based on 1817 nurses in 228 care units (CU), and longitudinal analyses (T1 - T2) on 965 nurses in 190 CU. Hypothesis testing was performed using multilevel controlled regression modeling.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results indicated that nurses who were often exposed to EVC also to a higher extent tended to report these conflicts as stressful. Frequent exposure to EVC induced by insufficient resources, inapt organizational structures or interpersonal staff relations were cross-sectionally associated with work-related stress, burnout symptoms, turnover intent, and team effectiveness. The longitudinal analyses indicated that EVC induced by a lack of resources primarily had negative effects on nurses' health and well-being. At the CU level, such conflicts also impaired team effectiveness. At the individual level, EVC induced by organizational constraints or interpersonal relations negatively affected care effectiveness.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>EVC are related to negative consequences in healthcare, and such processes take place both on the individual and organizational levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":21528,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health","volume":" ","pages":"113-121"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10928545/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139485929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}