Scandinavian Journal of Immunology最新文献_第10页

On antigen-specific signals, immune class regulation and energetics: Report III from the workshops on foundational concepts of immune regulation. 关于抗原特异性信号、免疫类调节和能量学：免疫调节基础概念研讨会报告III

IF 3.7 4区医学

Scandinavian Journal of Immunology Pub Date : 2023-09-01 Epub Date: 2023-07-11 DOI: 10.1111/sji.13311

Colin C Anderson, Elizabeth A Bonney, Thomas F Mueller, Alexandre Corthay, Calliopi Havele, Nevil J Singh, Inger Øynebråten, Peter A Bretscher

{"title":"On antigen-specific signals, immune class regulation and energetics: Report III from the workshops on foundational concepts of immune regulation.","authors":"Colin C Anderson, Elizabeth A Bonney, Thomas F Mueller, Alexandre Corthay, Calliopi Havele, Nevil J Singh, Inger Øynebråten, Peter A Bretscher","doi":"10.1111/sji.13311","DOIUrl":"10.1111/sji.13311","url":null,"abstract":"This is a report from a one-week workshop held in Athens, Greece in July of 2022. The workshop aimed to identify emerging concepts relevant to the fundamentals of immune regulation and areas for future research. Theories of immune regulation emphasize the role of T cell help or co-stimulation (signal 2). The workshop participants considered how new data on the characteristics of agonist antigens, the role of the antigen receptor signals (signal 1) in driving fate decisions, the effect of energetics on immunity and a better understanding of class-control in the immune response, may impact theories of immune regulation. These ideas were discussed in the context of tumour immunology, autoimmunity, pregnancy and transplantation. Here we present the discussions as a narrative of different viewpoints to allow the reader to join the conversation. These discussions highlight the evolving understanding of the nature of specific antigen recognition and how both antigen-specific and non-specific mechanisms impact immune responses.","PeriodicalId":21493,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47177722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Immune modulation by nutritional intervention in malnourished children: Identifying the phenotypic distribution and functional responses of peripheral blood mononuclear cells. 营养干预对营养不良儿童的免疫调节：确定外周血单核细胞的表型分布和功能反应

IF 3.7 4区医学

Scandinavian Journal of Immunology Pub Date : 2023-09-01 Epub Date: 2023-06-07 DOI: 10.1111/sji.13302

Zannatun Noor, Md Mehedi Hasan, Md Amran Gazi, Farzana Hossaini, Nur Muhammad Shahedul Haque, Parag Palit, Shah Mohammad Fahim, Subhasish Das, Mustafa Mahfuz, Chelsea Marie, William A Petri, Rashidul Haque, Tahmeed Ahmed

{"title":"Immune modulation by nutritional intervention in malnourished children: Identifying the phenotypic distribution and functional responses of peripheral blood mononuclear cells.","authors":"Zannatun Noor, Md Mehedi Hasan, Md Amran Gazi, Farzana Hossaini, Nur Muhammad Shahedul Haque, Parag Palit, Shah Mohammad Fahim, Subhasish Das, Mustafa Mahfuz, Chelsea Marie, William A Petri, Rashidul Haque, Tahmeed Ahmed","doi":"10.1111/sji.13302","DOIUrl":"10.1111/sji.13302","url":null,"abstract":"Malnourished children are susceptible to an increased risk of mortality owing to impaired immune functions. However, the underlying mechanism of altered immune functions and its interaction with malnutrition is poorly understood. This study investigates the immune function and evaluates the effect of a particular nutritional intervention on the immune cells of undernourished children. Stunted (LAZ <-2) and at-risk of being stunted (length-for-age Z-scores, LAZ <-1 to -2) children aged between 12 and 18 months were enrolled and were provided with the daily nutritional intervention of one egg and 150 mL cow's milk for 90 days. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated at enrolment and upon completion of the intervention. Phenotypic profiles for CD3+ cells, CD4+ cells, CD8+ cells, NKT cells, and B cells were similar in both cohorts, both before and after the intervention. However, activated B cells (CD25+) were increased after nutritional intervention in the at-risk of being stunted cohort. Several pro-inflammatory cytokines, IL-6, IFN-γ, and TNF-α, were elevated in the stunted children following the nutritional intervention. The results of the study indicate that nutritional intervention may have a role on activated B cells (CD25+) s in children who are at-risk of being stunted and may alter the capacity of PBMC to produce inflammatory cytokines in stunted children.","PeriodicalId":21493,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47974937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

HLA-DR⁺ mucosal-associated invariant T cells predict poor prognosis in patients with sepsis: A prospective observational study. HLA-DR+粘膜相关不变T细胞可预测败血症患者的不良预后：一项前瞻性观察研究。

IF 3.7 4区医学

Scandinavian Journal of Immunology Pub Date : 2023-09-01 Epub Date: 2023-06-27 DOI: 10.1111/sji.13286

Lijun Tian, Junxian Xu, Cong Chen, Jinfeng Lin, Linling Ju, Lin Chen, Yufeng Zhang, Xudong Han, Lijun Liu

{"title":"HLA-DR+ mucosal-associated invariant T cells predict poor prognosis in patients with sepsis: A prospective observational study.","authors":"Lijun Tian, Junxian Xu, Cong Chen, Jinfeng Lin, Linling Ju, Lin Chen, Yufeng Zhang, Xudong Han, Lijun Liu","doi":"10.1111/sji.13286","DOIUrl":"10.1111/sji.13286","url":null,"abstract":"Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are important in antibacterial immune responses; however, during sepsis, they are few in number and exhibit highly activated phenotypes. The relationship between MAIT cells in peripheral blood and the prognosis of sepsis is not well understood. Thus, this study aimed to examine the levels and phenotypes of MAIT cells in early sepsis, evaluate their clinical relevance, and investigate their association with patient prognosis. This prospective observational study enrolled 72 septic patients defined according to the Sepsis 3.0 criteria and 21 healthy controls matched for age and sex. Their peripheral blood samples were used to assay the expression of immune activation (CD69 and HLA-DR) and immune checkpoint (PD-1 and PD-L1) markers on MAIT cells. The systemic inflammatory response syndrome, acute physiology and chronic health evaluation (APACHE) II, and sequential organ failure assessment scores were recorded. Subsequently, the association between MAIT cell characteristics and clinical indicators was assessed using Spearman's rank correlation analysis, and binary logistic regression analysis with a forward stepwise approach assessed independent risk factors for 28-day mortality. We noted a decrease in the percentage of MAIT cells in the patients' peripheral blood, which exhibited an activated phenotype. Besides, HLA-DR+ MAIT cell percentage and the APACHE II score were independently associated with the 28-day mortality and, in combination, were the best indicators of mortality. Thus, the percentage of HLA-DR+ MAIT cells in early sepsis serves as a novel prognostic biomarker for predicting mortality and improves the predictive capacity of the APACHE II score.","PeriodicalId":21493,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9947938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Relapsing/remitting multiple sclerosis: A speculative model and its implications for a novel treatment 复发/缓解多发性硬化症:一个推测模型及其对一种新治疗方法的影响

4区医学

Scandinavian Journal of Immunology Pub Date : 2023-08-21 DOI: 10.1111/sji.13325

Peter Bretscher

{"title":"Relapsing/remitting multiple sclerosis: A speculative model and its implications for a novel treatment","authors":"Peter Bretscher","doi":"10.1111/sji.13325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/sji.13325","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The clinical pattern in relapsing/remitting multiple sclerosis may be accounted for if an autoreactive immune response can transition back and forth between inflammatory, pathogenic, and non‐inflammatory, non‐pathogenic modes. Such ‘back‐and‐forth’ immune responses are rare. I speculate how such back‐and‐forth immune responses may arise. Understanding the nature of these different modes, and what controls their mutual transition, may help in designing strategies to favour the nonpathogenic mode, thus constituting treatment. Antigen dose is known to be critical in determining the class/subclass of primary immune responses. Observations have led us to suggest the level of antigen also similarly influences the class/subclass of on‐going immune responses. I propose the relapsing, inflammatory and the remitting modes are respectively sustained by relatively low and high amounts of the responsible autoantigens, as is the case, for example, for Th1 and Th2 responses to foreign antigens. In addition, I propose more self‐antigens are released during an inflammatory than during a remitting mode. The decrease in the amount of antigen released, as the response transitions from an inflammatory to a remitting mode, results in time in a decreased level of antigen and so the response again evolves towards the inflammatory mode. The inflammatory mode then leads to an increased release of antigen and so, in time, to remission. This model thus explains the transition between different modes. I outline non‐invasive, testable predictions of the hypothesis. If confirmed, it may be ethical to examine whether the non‐inflammatory mode can be sustained by administering myelin antigens during the remitting phase.","PeriodicalId":21493,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135875777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Virus-infected mast cells activate virus-specific CD8⁺ T cells. 病毒感染的肥大细胞激活病毒特异性CD8+ T细胞

IF 3.7 4区医学

Scandinavian Journal of Immunology Pub Date : 2023-08-01 Epub Date: 2023-05-01 DOI: 10.1111/sji.13272

Yana Hackler, Frank Siebenhaar, Marcus Maurer, Melba Muñoz

{"title":"Virus-infected mast cells activate virus-specific CD8+ T cells.","authors":"Yana Hackler, Frank Siebenhaar, Marcus Maurer, Melba Muñoz","doi":"10.1111/sji.13272","DOIUrl":"10.1111/sji.13272","url":null,"abstract":"Efficient anti-viral responses of CD8+ T cells require signals that promote their effector cell differentiation, that are mainly provided by dendritic cells (DCs). Mast cells (MCs) are key drivers of DC maturation, but also influence their migration and antigen presenting properties and therefore indirectly mediate CD8+ T cell activation. MCs initiate innate immune responses at pathogen entry sites, promote the development of adaptive immune responses after infection, and release mediators including chemokines that recruit and activate immune cells including T cells during viral infections. However, whether MCs can directly activate virus-specific CD8+ T cells remains largely unknown. Here, we used an in vitro viral infection model with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV)-infected MCs or DCs co-cultured with either LCMV-specific CD8+ T cells or with WT (unspecific) CD8+ T cells. Similar to LCMV-infected DCs, LCMV-infected MCs clustered with virus-specific CD8+ T cells and induced their activation and production of antiviral cytokines. In addition, the co-stimulatory molecules CD86 and OX40L, but not CD80, were upregulated on MCs and an increased production of IL-6 and type I interferons after LCMV infection was shown. Our findings suggest that MCs can promote CD8+ T cell activation during viral infections. MC-mediated CD8+ T cell activation might be especially important within infected tissues where direct cellular interaction can take place. A better understanding of anti-viral functions of MCs may help developing new strategies to better treat viral infections.","PeriodicalId":21493,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42294138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sex-dependent expression levels of VAV1 and P2X7 in PBMC of multiple sclerosis patients. 多发性硬化患者PBMC中VAV1和P2X7的性别依赖性表达水平

IF 3.7 4区医学

Scandinavian Journal of Immunology Pub Date : 2023-08-01 Epub Date: 2023-05-25 DOI: 10.1111/sji.13283

Airi Rump, Kristel Ratas, Tuuli Katarina Lepasepp, Jaanus Suurväli, Olli-Pekka Smolander, Katrin Gross-Paju, Toomas Toomsoo, Jean Kanellopoulos, Sirje Rüütel Boudinot

{"title":"Sex-dependent expression levels of VAV1 and P2X7 in PBMC of multiple sclerosis patients.","authors":"Airi Rump, Kristel Ratas, Tuuli Katarina Lepasepp, Jaanus Suurväli, Olli-Pekka Smolander, Katrin Gross-Paju, Toomas Toomsoo, Jean Kanellopoulos, Sirje Rüütel Boudinot","doi":"10.1111/sji.13283","DOIUrl":"10.1111/sji.13283","url":null,"abstract":"Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory autoimmune disorder of the central nervous system and the leading cause of progressive neurological disability in young adults. It decreases the patient's lifespan by about 10 years and affects women more than men. No medication entirely restricts or reverses neurological degradation. However, early diagnosis and treatment increase the possibility of a better outcome. To identify new MS biomarkers, we tested the expression of six potential markers (P2X4, P2X7, CXCR4, RGS1, RGS16 and VAV1) using qPCR in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of MS patients treated with interferon β (IFNβ), with glatiramer acetate (GA) or untreated. We showed that P2X7 and VAV1 are significantly induced in MS patients. In contrast, the expression of P2X4, CXCR4, RGS1 and RGS16 was not significantly modified by MS in PBMC. P2X7 and VAV1 are essentially induced in female patients, suggesting these markers are connected to sex-specific mechanisms. Strikingly, VAV1 expression is higher in healthy women than healthy men and IFNβ treatment of MS reduced VAV1 expression in female MS patients while it up-regulated VAV1 in male MS patients. Our data point to the differential, sex-dependent value of MS markers and treatment effects. Although rgs16 expression in PBMC was not a valid MS marker in patients, the strong upregulation of P2X4 and P2X7 induced in the spinal cord of WT mice by EAE was abrogated in rgs16KO mice suggesting that rgs16 is required for P2X4 and P2X7 induction by neurological diseases.","PeriodicalId":21493,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41665844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Anti-SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines, their efficiency, side effects and controversies. 抗严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2型信使核糖核酸疫苗及其有效性、副作用和争议

IF 3.7 4区医学

Scandinavian Journal of Immunology Pub Date : 2023-08-01 Epub Date: 2023-07-06 DOI: 10.1111/sji.13310

Piotr Kuśnierczyk

引用次数: 0

The role of bone marrow microenvironment on CAR-T efficacy in haematologic malignancies. 骨髓微环境对血液系统恶性肿瘤CAR-T疗效的影响

IF 4.1 4区医学

Scandinavian Journal of Immunology Pub Date : 2023-08-01 Epub Date: 2023-05-06 DOI: 10.1111/sji.13273

Dandan Gao, Fei Hong, Aili He

引用次数: 0

TGF-β levels significantly increases in patients with stage III and IV breast cancer and can be explored as a target for tumour diagnosis and staging. TGF-β水平在III期和IV期乳腺癌患者中显著升高，可作为肿瘤诊断和分期的靶点。

IF 3.7 4区医学

Scandinavian Journal of Immunology Pub Date : 2023-08-01 Epub Date: 2023-05-10 DOI: 10.1111/sji.13280

Joshua M Mutiso, Ciriaka M Gitonga, Michael M Gicheru

引用次数: 0

APECED and the place of AIRE in the puzzle of the immune network associated with autoimmunity. APECED和AIRE在与自身免疫相关的免疫网络之谜中的地位

IF 3.7 4区医学

Scandinavian Journal of Immunology Pub Date : 2023-08-01 Epub Date: 2023-06-12 DOI: 10.1111/sji.13299

Elif Soyak Aytekin, Deniz Cagdas

{"title":"APECED and the place of AIRE in the puzzle of the immune network associated with autoimmunity.","authors":"Elif Soyak Aytekin, Deniz Cagdas","doi":"10.1111/sji.13299","DOIUrl":"10.1111/sji.13299","url":null,"abstract":"In the last 20 years, discoveries about the autoimmune regulator (AIRE) protein and its critical role in immune tolerance have provided fundamental insights into understanding the molecular basis of autoimmunity. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the effect of AIRE on immunological tolerance and the characteristics of autoimmune diseases in Autoimmune Polyendocrinopathy-Candidiasis-Ectodermal Dystrophy (APECED), which is caused by biallelic AIRE mutations. A better understanding of the immunological mechanisms of AIRE deficiency may enlighten immune tolerance mechanisms and new diagnostic and treatment strategies for autoimmune diseases. Considering that not all clinical features of APECED are present in a given follow-up period, the diagnosis is not easy in a patient at the first visit. Longer follow-up and a multidisciplinary approach are essential for diagnosis. It is challenging to prevent endocrine and other organ damage compared with other diseases associated with multiple autoimmunities, such as FOXP3, LRBA, and CTLA4 deficiencies. Unfortunately, no curative therapy like haematopoietic stem cell transplantation or specific immunomodulation is present that is successful in the treatment.","PeriodicalId":21493,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48855304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0