Scandinavian Journal of Immunology最新文献

Factors Involved in Thymic Atrophy in Severely Malnourished Children: A Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis.

IF 4.1 4区医学

Scandinavian Journal of Immunology Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1111/sji.70014

Cecilie Lindebjerg, Thora Wesenberg Helt, Vibeke Brix Christensen

{"title":"Factors Involved in Thymic Atrophy in Severely Malnourished Children: A Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Cecilie Lindebjerg, Thora Wesenberg Helt, Vibeke Brix Christensen","doi":"10.1111/sji.70014","DOIUrl":"10.1111/sji.70014","url":null,"abstract":"To determine leptin's effect on the thymus, we gathered data on leptin levels, ghrelin, cortisol and cytokine levels. The aim of the study was to map leptin's effect on the thymus when malnourished. Pubmed and Embase were searched for articles by the search terms 'malnutrition' and 'leptin'. The risk of bias was assessed by using JBI critical appraisal tools. Results were presented in tables and forest plots generated using STATA. A total of 16 articles were included. All articles included in the study are researching leptin, cortisol, or ghrelin, as well as cytokines. Forest plots were created for leptin, ghrelin, cortisol, Interleukin 10 (IL-10) and Interferon gamma (IFN-γ). Leptin had an overall effect size of 3.01 (95% CI 0.51; 5.51), ghrelin had an overall effect size of -1.71 (-2.97, -0.45), cortisol had an overall effect size of -1.16 (-1.49, -0.83), IL-10 had an overall effect size of -0.34 (95% CI -0.54; -0.14) and IFN-γ had an overall effect size of -0.02 (95% CI -0.25; 0.22), respectively. Our data revealed a decrease in leptin levels and an increase in cortisol, ghrelin and IL-10 when compared with control. This review displayed a relationship between leptin, cortisol, ghrelin and thymus atrophy. The change in T-helper cells contributes to the increased thymocyte depletion seen when severely malnourished. Leptin cannot explain all the changes observed, but may give insight into how it is a contributing factor in the changes the thymus undergoes.","PeriodicalId":21493,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Immunology","volume":"101 3","pages":"e70014"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11911552/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143649499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Characteristics of immune response and pathogen tissue dissemination during progressive Treponema pallidum infection: Insights from humanized mice.

IF 4.1 4区医学

Scandinavian Journal of Immunology Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1111/sji.70005

Ya-Wen Zheng, Xin-Qi Zheng, Yin-Feng Guo, Jia-Wen Xie, Mao Wang, Qiu-Yan Xu, Xiao-Zhen Zhu, Li-Rong Lin

{"title":"Characteristics of immune response and pathogen tissue dissemination during progressive Treponema pallidum infection: Insights from humanized mice.","authors":"Ya-Wen Zheng, Xin-Qi Zheng, Yin-Feng Guo, Jia-Wen Xie, Mao Wang, Qiu-Yan Xu, Xiao-Zhen Zhu, Li-Rong Lin","doi":"10.1111/sji.70005","DOIUrl":"10.1111/sji.70005","url":null,"abstract":"Characterizing the immune response and pathogen tissue dissemination during progressive Treponema pallidum (T. pallidum) infection in the human is crucial for comprehending syphilis but it remains poorly understood, due to the unethical nature of inoculating volunteers with T. pallidum. An urgent new model is needed to study this issue. A human haematopoietic stem cell (Hu-HSC) mice model of syphilis was constructed through inoculation with T. pallidum. Blood and tissue samples were collected at serial time points (0, 3, 7, 14, 28 and 42 days post-infection) to analyse changes in the immune response and the presence of T. pallidum polA DNA and mRNA in the Hu-HSC mice. Treponema pallidum increased the percentage of helper T cell (Th) 1 and Th2 cells and induced the expression of Th1 and Th2 cytokines in the Hu-HSC mice, with a pattern of increasing and then decreasing response. However, there were no significant changes in the percentage of Th17 and Treg cells. Treponema pallidum polA DNA was detected in various organs such as the liver and spleen, indicating the dissemination of T. pallidum in the tissues. Furthermore, these organs were found to maintain the activity of T. pallidum through the detection of T. pallidum polA mRNA. These results suggested that Treponema pallidum induced the Th1 and Th2 immune response and disseminated in tissues in Hu-HSC mice. This study can provide a basis for future in vivo research on syphilis using the Hu-HSC mouse model and offer new references for explaining the pathogenesis of human syphilis.","PeriodicalId":21493,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Immunology","volume":"101 3","pages":"e70005"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143503750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Predictive Markers for Response to Immunosuppressive Therapy in Aplastic Anaemia.

IF 4.1 4区医学

Scandinavian Journal of Immunology Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1111/sji.70010

Maya Gupta, Manisha Madkaikar

{"title":"Predictive Markers for Response to Immunosuppressive Therapy in Aplastic Anaemia.","authors":"Maya Gupta, Manisha Madkaikar","doi":"10.1111/sji.70010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/sji.70010","url":null,"abstract":"Aplastic Anaemia (AA) is a rare, life-threatening condition characterised by bone marrow failure and pancytopenia. The primary treatment options include haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and immunosuppressive therapy (IST), each with distinct advantages and limitations. While HSCT offers a potential cure, its use is limited by factors such as donor availability, graft-versus-host disease, and its unsuitability for older patients. In contrast, IST is less invasive and more widely accessible, with a success rate of 60%-90%, but it carries a high risk of relapse and progression to myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) and clonal evolution. Predictive markers are crucial for personalising treatment, monitoring efficacy and assessing relapse risk. However, only a few markers are currently implemented in clinical decision-making. This review focuses on the clinical, immunological and genetic markers, including cytokine levels, telomere length and paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria (PNH) clone size, which have been identified as potential predictors of IST response in AA. Most studies have been retrospective in nature, with variability in techniques and therapies, leading to inconsistency and limited reproducibility. Future large-scale prospective studies, conducted with standardised protocols, are essential to validate these markers. The development of a robust scoring system that integrates clinical and molecular data holds promise for improving personalised treatment approaches, ultimately enhancing AA management and patient outcomes.","PeriodicalId":21493,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Immunology","volume":"101 3","pages":"e70010"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143543268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Correction to 'Association of Reduced Maternal sHLA-G5 Isoform Levels and Elevated TNF-α/IL-4 Cytokine Ratio With Recurrent Pregnancy Loss: A Study on South Indian Women'.

IF 4.1 4区医学

Scandinavian Journal of Immunology Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1111/sji.70013

引用次数: 0

Mechanoimmunology of T-Cell Activation.

IF 4.1 4区医学

Scandinavian Journal of Immunology Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1111/sji.70009

Xuelan Wu, Zhiyi Ye

引用次数: 0

On the nature of signal 1 delivered to lymphocytes: A critical response to some considerations put forward in support of the quantum model of T cell activation.

IF 4.1 4区医学

Scandinavian Journal of Immunology Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1111/sji.70002

Peter A Bretscher

引用次数: 0

The COVID-19 vaccine ChAdOx1 is opsonized by anti-vector antibodies that activate complement and promote viral vector phagocytosis.

IF 4.1 4区医学

Scandinavian Journal of Immunology Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1111/sji.70000

Eija Nissilä, Leo Starck, Elias Aho, Erika Venerandi, Pinja Jalkanen, Katarzyna Leskinen, Pavel Uvarov, Päivi Saavalainen, Ilkka Julkunen, Juha Kotimaa, Karita Haapasalo, Seppo Meri

{"title":"The COVID-19 vaccine ChAdOx1 is opsonized by anti-vector antibodies that activate complement and promote viral vector phagocytosis.","authors":"Eija Nissilä, Leo Starck, Elias Aho, Erika Venerandi, Pinja Jalkanen, Katarzyna Leskinen, Pavel Uvarov, Päivi Saavalainen, Ilkka Julkunen, Juha Kotimaa, Karita Haapasalo, Seppo Meri","doi":"10.1111/sji.70000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/sji.70000","url":null,"abstract":"The ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine has been in large-scale use during the COVID-19 pandemic. Limited efficacy compared to mRNA vaccines and certain potential side effects raise the question of whether anti-adenoviral vector antibodies influence immune responses against the vaccine. Complement activation by ChAdOx1 and leukocyte phagocytosis of ChAdOx1 in vitro were studied. Plasma IgG levels against ChAdOx1 and human adenovirus 2 (hAdV2) hexon protein were determined (n = 20) and IgGs from high- and low-titre plasmas were isolated (n = 3). Complement activation was measured as cleavage of C3 by immunoblotting and generation of C3a and sC5b-9 by ELISA. pHrodo-labelled ChAdOx1 was opsonized with complement and IgG, and phagocytosis by isolated blood PMNs in vitro was studied by flow cytometry. The transcriptomic profile of PMN cells exposed to ChAdOx1 was analysed by RNA-seq. ChAdOx1 activated the classical complement pathway in an anti-adenovirus antibody-dependent manner. Generation of the terminal complement complex sC5b-9 in individual sera correlated with anti-hAdV2 hexon and anti-ChAdOx1 IgG levels. Phagocytosis of ChAdOx1 also correlated significantly with anti-hAdV2 hexon IgG, anti-ChAdOx1 IgG and serum sC5b-9 levels. High-titre anti-hAdv2 hexon IgG increased phagocytosis in the presence of normal serum. Anti-vector antibodies induced rapid complement activation and promoted phagocytosis of the ChAdOx1 vaccine by neutrophils. Moreover, transcriptomic analysis revealed upregulation of complement-related genes induced by the ChAdOx1 vaccine in vitro. Anti-adenovirus vector antibodies and complement activation may thus influence the efficacy of the ChAdOx1 vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 and be also involved in vaccine-related side effects.","PeriodicalId":21493,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Immunology","volume":"101 2","pages":"e70000"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143075215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

NK cell-based immunotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma: Challenges and opportunities.

IF 4.1 4区医学

Scandinavian Journal of Immunology Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1111/sji.13433

Pei Guo, Liyuan Zhong, Tao Wang, Weijia Luo, Aiqiang Zhou, Deliang Cao

引用次数: 0

Combined inhibition of membrane receptors as therapeutic targets in rheumatoid arthritis.

IF 4.1 4区医学

Scandinavian Journal of Immunology Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1111/sji.70006

Guilherme Pegas Teixeira, Jonathas Albertino de Souza Oliveira, Leandro Rocha, Robson Xavier Faria

引用次数: 0

Multispectral autofluorescence for label free classification of immune cell type and activation/polarization status.

IF 4.1 4区医学

Scandinavian Journal of Immunology Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1111/sji.70004

Abbas Habibalahi, Ayad G Anwer, Aline Knab, Shane T Grey, Ewa M Goldys, Jared M Campbell

{"title":"Multispectral autofluorescence for label free classification of immune cell type and activation/polarization status.","authors":"Abbas Habibalahi, Ayad G Anwer, Aline Knab, Shane T Grey, Ewa M Goldys, Jared M Campbell","doi":"10.1111/sji.70004","DOIUrl":"10.1111/sji.70004","url":null,"abstract":"Evaluating immune status is a challenging and time-consuming process that involves analysing various biomarkers through numerous assays. The sensitive label-free technique of multispectral imaging of cell autofluorescence involves directly assessing the molecular composition of cells to gather biological information. Cells were cultured in RPMI 1640 modified media supplemented with penicillin-streptomycin and 10% foetal bovine serum at 37°C, with 5% CO2 and 95% humidity. Activation and differentiation was confirmed using immunofluorophores against relevant markers. Multispectral microscopy utilized defined spectral regions, which spanned the excitation (345-476 nm) and emission (414-675 nm) wavelength ranges. In total, 56 distinct spectral channels were applied. These channels cover the spectrum of several fluorophores notably NAD(P)H and flavins, whose concentrations depend on cellular metabolism. We identified distinct spectral signatures for characterizing cells from the Jurkat, Ramos, THP-1, and HL-60 immune cell lines. These signatures correspond to four major immune cell types: T cells (Lymphocytes), B cells (Lymphocytes), monocytes and neutrophils. Moreover, our investigation explored the potential identification of both activated and resting forms of these cells, including the discrimination of M0, M1 and M2 polarized macrophages. Classification accuracy ranged from 92% to 100% based on receiver operator characteristic area under the curve (ROC AUC) assessment. These results indicate that the multispectral evaluation of cell autofluorescence is applicable for characterization of immune status. This includes the assessment of cell types and their activation status, all achievable through a single non-invasive assay.","PeriodicalId":21493,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Immunology","volume":"101 2","pages":"e70004"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11808199/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143383218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0