Samara Journal of Science最新文献

{"title":"The nature of vegetation cover and small mammal community structure (on the example of Nizhny Novgorod)","authors":"E. E. Boryakova","doi":"10.55355/snv2023124102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55355/snv2023124102","url":null,"abstract":"The spatial distribution of Apodemus species (yellow-necked, field, and small forest mice) was studied on the example of the protected area «Oak forest of National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod Botanical Garden». Twelve plant associations with non-moral character and representing derivatives of the indigenous type of vegetation were studied. Environmental conditions assessed by the Ellenberg phytoindication method affect the distribution of small mammals in space indirectly. The nature of vegetation cover is more significant. When projective cover increases, the abundance of both small woodland and field mice increases. The strategy of Apodemus agrarius appears to be similar to that of Apodemus uralensis, a species that shows stenobiontic traits in the studied PA. At the same time, insignificant anthropogenic load, a marker of which is the presence of Urtica dioica ruderal species, leads to an increase in the mosaic of vegetation cover, which has a positive effect on the abundance of these small mammal species. A moderate increase in the Berger-Parker dominance index for vegetation cover is positively associated with the confinement of micromammals. In addition, in the conditions of the recreational zone of the upland part of N. Novgorod, Apodemus agrarius prefers areas of old-growth broadleaved forest, not showing the features of anthropophily.","PeriodicalId":21482,"journal":{"name":"Samara Journal of Science","volume":"20 26","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141646179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The possibility of forming the physical culture of the personality of adolescents","authors":"Galina G. Fedotova, Elena A. Yakimova, Svetlana V. Tarasova, Nikolay V. Dyakov","doi":"10.55355/snv2023124314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55355/snv2023124314","url":null,"abstract":"The article outlines and argues the question of the formation of physical culture of a teenager’s personality. Some technological techniques related to the process of forming the physical culture of a teenager’s personality are presented, which are reflected in pedagogical theory and practice and take into account all the positive aspects in the conceptual approaches proposed by various authors. These are: the humanistic orientation of education and recognition of the teenager’s inner potential for self-development in order to introduce him to the values of physical culture; the development of the adolescent’s own personal functions (motivation, reflection, self-realization) based on personality-oriented learning technologies. The focus is on the socio–cultural aspect of personal physical culture (first of all, a teenager’s conscious attitude to physical condition, motivation and value orientations for the manifestation of effectiveness in physical culture and sports; the desire to constantly engage in physical exercises based on physical education, the humanization of the educational process as one of the key areas for improving physical education of adolescents), which determines the problem field in the development and formation of a teenager’s personality. This circumstance is explained, in our opinion, by the correct and, perhaps, achievable goal of the process of physical education in secondary education.","PeriodicalId":21482,"journal":{"name":"Samara Journal of Science","volume":"19 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141647867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Promotion of the Russian Language in the education system of Tanzania: conditions, demand, «deficits» and potential «growth points»","authors":"S. Y. Bakulina, V. V. Bondareva, Oksana K. Pozdnyakova","doi":"10.55355/snv2023124301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55355/snv2023124301","url":null,"abstract":"The article analyzes the program documents regulating functioning of the education system of Tanzania, examines the socio-economic factors affecting its development, analyzes the language policy, as well as the state policy of the Government of the United Republic of Tanzania in the field of education, which is considered to be a strategic factor in the transformation of mentality and the creation of a well-educated nation, sufficiently possessing the knowledge necessary for competent and competitive solutions to the challenges facing the country. The authors identify objectives of the education system of Tanzania, aimed at promoting universal access to quality basic education, including preschool, primary and secondary education; eradication of illiteracy; dissemination of high-quality higher education, providing training of highly qualified personnel necessary for the effective development of all sectors of the economy. The problems faced by the education system of Tanzania, the ways to solve them and the prospects for development are determined. The activities of the Representative Office of the Federal Agency for the Commonwealth of Independent States, Compatriots Living Abroad, and International Humanitarian Cooperation, which is the coordinator of the promotion of the Russian language and culture in Tanzania, are described in detail. The factors influencing the demand for the Russian language, increasing motivation to study it and the demand for Russian education in general among the youth of Tanzania, as well as the formation of a positive image of Russia in the minds of Tanzanians, are identified. The conditions, «deficits» and potential «growth points» of the promotion of the Russian language in the education system of Tanzania are determined. The article presents the results of the survey conducted during the official visit of the delegation of the Samara State University of Social Sciences and Education to Tanzania, which determined the future prospects of the study, which will result in designing a modular training program for teachers of Russian as a foreign language for educational organizations of the United Republic of Tanzania in the system of Russian teacher training education, including a Russian as a foreign language course at a preparatory department, bachelor’s and master’s degree programs and advanced training for teachers of Russian as a foreign language.","PeriodicalId":21482,"journal":{"name":"Samara Journal of Science","volume":"43 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141648802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioecological characteristics of lichenoflora of the Prisursky State Nature Reserve (Chuvash Republic)","authors":"E. A. Sinichkin","doi":"10.55355/snv2023124118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55355/snv2023124118","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents a taxonomic and ecological-biomorphological analysis of the lichenoflora of the Alatyrsky site of the Prisursky State Nature Reserve. The State Nature Reserve consists of 3 clusters (Alatyrsky, Batyrevsky, Yalchiksky). The Alatyrsky section of the reserve is located in the central part of the Prisursky forest area and is represented by various types of forest. As a result of the analysis of the literature and our own field research, 145 species of lichens have been identified in a specially protected natural area of federal significance. Taxonomic analysis showed that the identified lichen species belong to 4 classes (Arthoniomycetes, Coniocybomycetes, Dothideomycetes, Lecanoromycetes), 14 orders (Arthoniales, Acarosporales, Caliciales, Candelariales, Coniocybales, Lecanorales, Lecideales, Peltigerales, Pertusariales, Pleosporales, Strigulales, Teloschistales, Trapeliales, Umbilicariales), 32 families and 68 genera. The predominant taxonomic diversity is the class Lecanoromycetes, which includes 131 species from 24 families, 10 orders. The class Arthoniomycetes is represented by one order (Arthoniales), 2 families and 6 species. The Coniocybomycetes class includes 2 orders – Coniocybales, Strigulales, 2 families and 4 species. The class Dothideomycetes consists of 1 order Pleosporales, 4 families and 4 species. Ecological and biomorphological analysis revealed that the largest number of lichens of the Prisursky reserve is represented by a monotonously typical group of life forms – 60 species, a dissected-lobed rhizoidal group of life forms is 25 species, an awl- or scyphoid group is 21 species.","PeriodicalId":21482,"journal":{"name":"Samara Journal of Science","volume":"28 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141647745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Technology of formation of professional subjectivity of the future teacher","authors":"T. V. Dmitrochenko","doi":"10.55355/snv2023124304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55355/snv2023124304","url":null,"abstract":"The article considers the issues of forming the professional subjectivity of future teachers. The article presents an analysis of the literature on the studied issues related to the subjectivity of the student (works by A.V. Beloshitsky, E.N. Volkova, A.V. Gvozdeva, M.V. Isakov, A.D. Kariev, L.G. Maidokina, etc.). Taking into account the specifics of the conditions of vocational pedagogical education, the author’s definition of the professional subjectivity of the future teacher was proposed, which is considered as a complex integrative personality quality that allows the future teacher to make an independent professional choice, plan, organize and evaluate his activities and the activities of students. The article examines the technological aspects of the formation of professional subjectivity of students-teachers. The theoretical and empirical substantiation of the technology of formation of professional subjectivity of future teachers in the process of mastering the content of pedagogical disciplines was presented. The issues of development of pedagogical technologies reflected in the works of V.P. Bespalko, M.V. Klarin, G.K. Selevko, V.A. Slastenin and others were considered. The article describes the components of the developed technology: the conceptual part (philosophical ideas of the subject and the subjectivity of personality, concepts of formation of professional subjectivity of a future specialist, etc.), the substantive part (goals of technology implementation and the content of education), the procedural part (a set of stages, organizational forms and teaching methods used educational technologies). The article also describes the implementation of the stages of technology for the formation of professional subjectivity of future teachers in the process of mastering the content of pedagogical disciplines by students (preparatory, activity, reflexive). The results of the implementation of technology for the formation of professional subjectivity of future teachers in experimental work are presented.","PeriodicalId":21482,"journal":{"name":"Samara Journal of Science","volume":"57 31","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141643983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A brief overview of the entomofauna of lamellar beetles (Scarabaeidae) of the foothills of the Maly Chimgan (Republic of Uzbekistan)","authors":"V. V. Leontyev, Alina A. Artanova, Agzam M. Zhobborov","doi":"10.55355/snv2023124108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55355/snv2023124108","url":null,"abstract":"During July–August 2016, the entomofauna of lamellar-whiskered coleoptera was studied in the Republic of Uzbekistan, in the Bostanly District, in the foothills of the Maly Chimgan, in the vicinity of the village. Chimgan. During a short-term expedition in 2016, we identified 18 species of lamellate beetles belonging to 6 subfamilies (Aphodiinae, Cetoniinae, Dynastinae, Melolonthinae, Rutelinae, Scarabaeinae) and 10 tribes (Adoretini, Aphodiini, Cetoniini, Coprini, Gymnopleurini, Melolonthini, Oniticellini, Onitini, Onthophagini, Oryctini). Taxonomically, among these groups, the Onthophagini tribe contained the most species – 5 species (27,77%), Cetoniini tribe – 4 species (22,22%), Aphodiini tribe – 2 species (11,11%). One species (5,55%) included the tribes Adoretini, Coprini, Gymnopleurini, Melolonthini, Oniticellini, Onitini, Oryctini. By trophic specialization, coprophages prevailed (61,11%), followed by phytophages (33,33%), and aphages were less represented (5,55%). The identification of Melolontha hippocastani hippocastani (Fabricius, 1801) here can probably cause discussion, since according to S.I. Medvedev’s southern border of this species passed through northern Kazakhstan. Although it can be assumed that over a period of almost 70 years, the boundaries of the habitats of many species have changed significantly.","PeriodicalId":21482,"journal":{"name":"Samara Journal of Science","volume":"41 49","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141645085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Academician of medicine Z.V. Ermolyeva and the Department of Microbiology of the Central Institute for Advanced Medical Training: the main directions of scientific research in the early 1970s","authors":"A. V. Gorshenin","doi":"10.55355/snv2023124207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55355/snv2023124207","url":null,"abstract":"The very difficult geopolitical situation of recent years has once again confirmed the need for our state to focus on its internal and self-sufficient development in its development. The story of the coronavirus pandemic that swept the whole world has shown a fairly high level of domestic virology, and microbiology in general. But, undoubtedly, we are still far from the Soviet level of science development today. In this regard, it seems advisable to pay attention to the generalization of the Soviet experience in the development of biomedical sciences. We have made an attempt to analyze the development of Soviet microbiology through an analysis of the scientific and organizational activities of the domestic scientist, Academician of Medicine Zinaida Vissarionovna Ermolyeva, carried out by her at the Department of Microbiology of the Central Institute of Advanced Medical Training in the first half of the 1970s. The source base of the publication was unpublished documents of the federal archives (the Russian State Archive of Scientific and Technical Documentation and the Russian State Archive of Economics), most of which are being introduced into scientific circulation for the first time. The article examines the scientific activity of Z.V. Ermolyeva herself, as well as those research areas that were developed by teachers and research staff of the department headed by her.","PeriodicalId":21482,"journal":{"name":"Samara Journal of Science","volume":"16 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141648134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Justification of the term «professional self-realization of students»","authors":"Mariya A. Fedorova","doi":"10.55355/snv2023124313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55355/snv2023124313","url":null,"abstract":"The relevance of the article is determined by the uncertainty of the terms «self-realization» and «professional self-realization» used in modern pedagogical research. It is proved that the term «professional self-realization» is applicable to the higher education system, since, according to the Federal State Educational Standard, students must master both general and professional skills. In addition, the person’s professional development is continuous. The article analyzes and substantiates the content of the term «professional self-realization of students» in pedagogy. The terms «self-realization», «professional self-realization», «pre-professional self-realization», «pre-professional self-realization» are defined; the features of their use in scientific literature are analyzed. It is proposed to use the generic concept of «professional self-realization» in relation to school, college or university stages. Professional self-realization is presented as a long and multidimensional process involving the formation, self-determination and personal development within a profession, starting from the first courses of study at a university. The content and difference of professional self-realization at the university and at the enterprise are described. Examples of multidimensional cooperation and joint educational programs with enterprises are given.","PeriodicalId":21482,"journal":{"name":"Samara Journal of Science","volume":"37 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141649163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soviet historiography of the period of «late Stalinism»: on cultural and educational work in the Red Army during the Great Patriotic War (22.06.1941–09.05.1945)","authors":"S. A. Tribunsky","doi":"10.55355/snv2023124208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55355/snv2023124208","url":null,"abstract":"One of the essential reasons for achieving the victory of the Soviet people in the Great Patriotic War (22.06.1941–09.05.1945) was that the Armed Forces of the Soviet state carried out, and permanently, purposefully, actively, proactively and creatively, party political work. Its inalienable part was cultural and educational work, which had a small degree of independence. The historical phenomena mentioned above were constantly in the sphere of scientific interests of Soviet historians. Meanwhile, in post-Soviet historiography, they did not become significant in research practice. In modern Russian historiography at the beginning of the XXI century, such a bias is gradually being eliminated. The author of this small historiographical study, carried out in the format of a short scientific article, presents to the scientific and historical community an analysis of Soviet historiographical sources published during the period of «late Stalinism» (1945 – about the first half of the 1950s), that is, at a time when the cult of personality of I.V. Stalin reached its peak the highest point. The author, revealing the subject of his research, took into account in every possible way the historiographical situation that developed in Soviet historical science during the period of «late Stalinism», in particular, the development of historiography in the coordinate system of the Stalinist theoretical and methodological paradigm (and even more rigid than in the second half of the 1930s); a small number of historiographical and historical sources what was published in the chronological framework indicated above, as well as the absence of a proper historiographical elaboration of our problem. The article is carried out from the standpoint of modern theoretical and methodological approaches.","PeriodicalId":21482,"journal":{"name":"Samara Journal of Science","volume":"32 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141648028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphology of Caragana arborescens Lam., introduced in the Volgograd Oblast and the status of its cover herbaceous plant communities","authors":"A. Isakov, Konstantin N. Kulik","doi":"10.55355/snv2023124105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55355/snv2023124105","url":null,"abstract":"The study of the shrub status in the South-East of the European Russia is relevant due to the need to maintain the necessary material for protective afforestation. The study of their cover plant communities provides valuable information about the ecological aspects of the introduction and successful adaptation of shrubs in a place of mass planting. The aim of the study was to assess the condition of Caragana arborescens, imported from Eastern Siberia and planted in the arid territories of the Volgograd Oblast, as well as the ecological characteristics of its cover herbaceous plant communities. In the study area we selected two groups of plants, those growing on ordinary soil and on soil with a high content of salts, zinc, and a low content of manganese. In the latter case, C. arborescens had a relatively smaller size, a rarer crown, a reduced ability to generate shoots and resistance to diseases and pests. C. arborescens are sensitive to the anthropogenic stress, but within the analyzed territory this is not accompanied by progressive succession of the ecosystem. Under the crown of C. arborescens at various sites and sites, we found in various phenophases from 8–10 to 24 species of higher sapiens with a predominance of one- and two-year-old forms. Nine species have consistently claimed the role of dominant and subdominant of plant communities, most often representatives of the Asteraceae and Mareaceae families. The discovered communities showed clear signs of anthropogenic impact, but without the development of progressive ecosystem succession.","PeriodicalId":21482,"journal":{"name":"Samara Journal of Science","volume":"11 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141648532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}