Russian Journal of Plant Physiology最新文献_第3页

Physiological and Enzymatic Antioxidant Responses of Several Local Pyrus communis L. cv on Different Rootstocks under NaCl Stress NaCl 胁迫下不同砧木上几种本地黄杨变种的生理和酶抗氧化反应

IF 1.4 4区生物学

Russian Journal of Plant Physiology Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1134/s1021443724606074

M. Aydınlı, E. Kaçal, İ. Gür, F. Yildirim, S. Önder, M. Altındal, Y. Karakurt

{"title":"Physiological and Enzymatic Antioxidant Responses of Several Local Pyrus communis L. cv on Different Rootstocks under NaCl Stress","authors":"M. Aydınlı, E. Kaçal, İ. Gür, F. Yildirim, S. Önder, M. Altındal, Y. Karakurt","doi":"10.1134/s1021443724606074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1021443724606074","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3>Salt stress poses a substantial threat to fruit cultivation in arid and semi-arid regions. An essential aspect of mitigating this challenge involves understanding the adaptive changes in plants under salinity conditions. In this study, salinity stress (0, 20, 40, and 80 mM) induced in Ankara and Deveci pear varieties grafted onto OH×F 97, OH×F 333, and BA 29 rootstocks. Plant height and diameter, stomatal conductance, photosynthetic pigments and K+/Na+ ratio exhibited a decreasing trend, indicating the impact of salt stress. Conversely, the salt stress index and the activities of antioxidant enzymes including superoxide dismutase, catalase, and ascorbate peroxidase showed an increasing trend, highlighting the plant’s defense mechanisms against oxidative stress. In our comprehensive evaluation, the Deveci × OH×F 97 demonstrated a higher level of tolerance to sodium chloride stress compared to other combinations. Notably, combinations involving the BA 29, particularly Ankara × BA 29, exhibited more pronounced damage under NaCl stress. An intriguing finding was the announced response of enzymatic antioxidants, where despite a higher increase in SOD activity in the Deveci × OH×F 97, CAT and APX activities were generally higher in the Ankara × BA 29. This suggests the effective operation of enzymatic antioxidants in ameliorating oxidative damage in cells exposed to NaCl stress, irrespective of the overall stress tolerance of the plant, within the Pyrus. This study contributes valuable insights into the complex interplay between pear varieties, rootstocks, and NaCl stress, providing a foundation for informed decision-making in orchard management practices to enhance the resilience of pear cultivation in challenging environmental conditions.","PeriodicalId":21477,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Plant Physiology","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142179906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Physiochemical and Molecular Response of the Grafted ‘Bidaneh Ghermez’ Grape Cultivar on Native Rootstocks to Identify Tolerant Combination to Drought Stress in Vineyard Conditions 在本地砧木上嫁接 "Bidaneh Ghermez "葡萄品种的理化和分子反应，以确定葡萄园条件下的抗旱组合

IF 1.4 4区生物学

Russian Journal of Plant Physiology Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1134/s1021443724605688

S. M. M. Mirfatah, M. Rasouli, M. Gholami, A. Mirzakhani

{"title":"Physiochemical and Molecular Response of the Grafted ‘Bidaneh Ghermez’ Grape Cultivar on Native Rootstocks to Identify Tolerant Combination to Drought Stress in Vineyard Conditions","authors":"S. M. M. Mirfatah, M. Rasouli, M. Gholami, A. Mirzakhani","doi":"10.1134/s1021443724605688","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1021443724605688","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3>Drought stress is one of the most important limitations in the production of agricultural products and especially horticulture in different parts of the world and Iran. The climate changes that have happened in the last few years, it is possible to provide sustainable production of grapes in water stress conditions by examining and selecting cultivars that tolerate to drought stress. For this purpose, an experiment from 2018 to 2022 in the form of split plots in the form of randomized complete blocks with 3 replications in garden conditions to investigate the effect of changes in soil water potential on the morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics of grafted cuttings on cultivar traits Tolerant to sensitive 7 grape (Vitis vinifera L.) cultivars were carried out. The treatments included 7 selected grape varieties (‘Bidaneh Ghermez’, ‘Bidaneh Sefid’, ‘Rashe’, ‘Sahani’, ‘Kare Royeh’, ‘Moulai’, and ‘Chafte’) as the base and red quince cultivar as scion and three levels of drought stress including humidity. Agricultural (control), 75% (moderate stress) and 55% (severe stress) were based on agricultural moisture discharge. The results showed that with more severe water stress, the amount of proline, ABA, activity of catalase and peroxidase, the expression of CBF4, NCED3, and DHN1 genes increased, as well as the amount of total chlorophyll were decreased. In this experiment, the highest proline, abscisic acid, catalase, peroxidase, NCED3, CBF4 and DHN1 gene expression were observed in this experiment under severe stress treatment. In general, ‘Bidaneh Ghermez’ cultivar grafted on the rootstocks of ‘Chafte’, ‘Moulai’ and ‘Kare Royeh’ had a higher potential for tolerance to drought stress than other grafted combinations tested in most of the traits.","PeriodicalId":21477,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Plant Physiology","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142179798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Phytochemical Screening of Valuable Polyphenol Compounds and Essential Oil Profile of Three Rosa damascene Genotypes, as an Important Plant for Medicine and Food Industry 三种大马士革蔷薇基因型的有价值多酚化合物的植物化学筛选和精油概况--大马士革蔷薇是一种重要的医药和食品工业植物

IF 1.4 4区生物学

Russian Journal of Plant Physiology Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1134/s1021443724606165

E. Nourozi, A. Hedayati, R. Tahmasebi, Sh. Shameh, R. Hosseinzadeh

{"title":"Phytochemical Screening of Valuable Polyphenol Compounds and Essential Oil Profile of Three Rosa damascene Genotypes, as an Important Plant for Medicine and Food Industry","authors":"E. Nourozi, A. Hedayati, R. Tahmasebi, Sh. Shameh, R. Hosseinzadeh","doi":"10.1134/s1021443724606165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1021443724606165","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3>Rosa × damascene Mill. plant is one of the most well-known plants in the history of horticulture, which is cultivated in many regions of the world due to its wonderful aroma and variety of cultivars. This research was perpetrated to investigate the morphological and phytochemical differences of three genotypes between R. × damascena cultivated in Urmia. For this purpose, in RCB (randomized complete block) design, three genotypes of R. × damascena (Tabriz, Kashan and Bi-Khar) were cultivated in the research farm of West-Azerbaijan Branch of ACECR. In the third year after planting and when flowering, traits such as fresh and dry weight of flowers, percentages of essential oil, essential oil components and polyphenol compound were studied. Based on results, the highest flower dry weight (21.5 gram per 100-g fresh flower) was obtained in Kashan genotype and the lowest flower dry weight (17.7 gram per 100 gram fresh flower) was obtained in Bi-Khar genotype. The results of essential oil extraction with Clevenger showed that the highest (0.028%) and lowest (0.011%) essential oil percentage were obtained in Kashan and Bi-Khar genotypes, respectively. Analysis by GC-MS identified 88.60%, 94.94% and 91.22% of essential oil components of Kashan, Tabriz and Bi-Khar genotypes, respectively. Also, 6-octen-1-ol, geraniol, nonadecane and eicosane were the great constituents of essential oils of all three genotypes. The present study show that the ovulated genotypes are a good source of polyphenolic compounds and valuable components of the essential oil of the damask rose.","PeriodicalId":21477,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Plant Physiology","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142179908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Functional Traits and Their Plastic Response of Bassia dasyphylla under Salt-Alkaline Mixed Stress in a Desert Region, Northwestern China 中国西北荒漠地区盐碱混合胁迫下的大叶女贞功能性状及其可塑性响应

IF 1.4 4区生物学

Russian Journal of Plant Physiology Pub Date : 2024-08-09 DOI: 10.1134/s1021443723603683

X. Li, J. Wang

{"title":"Functional Traits and Their Plastic Response of Bassia dasyphylla under Salt-Alkaline Mixed Stress in a Desert Region, Northwestern China","authors":"X. Li, J. Wang","doi":"10.1134/s1021443723603683","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1021443723603683","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3>The plastic response of Bassia dasyphylla (Fisch. & C.A. Mey.) Kuntze functional traits to saline-alkali land habitat and its mechanism were investigated. Two neutral salts, NaCl and Na2SO4, and two alkali salts, Na2CO3 and NaHCO3, were mixed in various ratios according to the varying ranges of salinity and pH in a natural soil, and the response of B. dasyphylla seedlings to salt-alkaline stress was determined. The osmolyte contents, peroxidative damage, antioxidant enzyme activity and plant morphology and biomass were determined. Thirty different salt-alkaline ecological treatments were applied, including ranges of salinity of 50–250 mmol/L and pH values of 7.10–10.19. The soluble sugar, soluble protein, proline, betaine, hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde contents, ({text{O}}_{2}^{ - }) production rate and cell membrane permeability of B. dasyphylla rose with increases in salt concentration and pH. There were differences between the treatment groups and the control (P < 0.05). The activities of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase and ascorbate peroxidase enzymes initially increased and then decreased, but catalase activity continued to increase. The plant height, main root length, stem thickness, branch number, lateral root number and root, stem and leaf biomass were significantly decreased compared with the control (P < 0.05). In regard to biomass, the proportion of root biomass increased, but the proportions of stem and leaf biomass decreased. The correlations between the salt component ions and the above plant characteristics indicated complex effects of salt composition on the functional characteristics of B. dasyphylla. This study suggests that salt-alkaline environments inhibited the functional characteristics of B. dasyphylla and negatively affected several physiological responses and morphological plasticity.","PeriodicalId":21477,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Plant Physiology","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141943699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigating the Effect of Green Silver Nanoparticles on Seed Germination and Physiological Parameters of Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) under Salt Stress 研究绿色纳米银颗粒对盐胁迫下菠菜（Spinacia oleracea L.）种子发芽和生理参数的影响

IF 1.4 4区生物学

Russian Journal of Plant Physiology Pub Date : 2024-08-09 DOI: 10.1134/s102144372460586x

A. Ali Naghizadeh, M. Mahmoudi Zarandi, S. M. R. Khoshroo, F. Hasanzadeh Davarani

{"title":"Investigating the Effect of Green Silver Nanoparticles on Seed Germination and Physiological Parameters of Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) under Salt Stress","authors":"A. Ali Naghizadeh, M. Mahmoudi Zarandi, S. M. R. Khoshroo, F. Hasanzadeh Davarani","doi":"10.1134/s102144372460586x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s102144372460586x","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3>Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.), a valuable crop, suffers greatly from salt stress. This study investigates the potential of green silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) synthesized using Aloe vera extract to relieve the harmful effects of salt stress on spinach seed germination and growth. The experiment evaluated various seed germination and plant growth characteristics of spinach cultivar Viroflay RZ under five Ag-NP concentrations (0, 20, 40, 80, and 100 ppm) and four salinity levels (0, 50, 100, and 150 mM NaCl) in a controlled laboratory setting. This studymeasured seed germination percentage, rate and relative germination, vigor indices, plant height, root length, shoot and root dry weight, and chlorophyll content. Data analysis revealed that salinity stress significantly inhibited seed germination and all other studied parameters, especially at higher salt concentrations. The impact of green Ag-NPs on these traits varied considerably under salt stress. A complex statistical model showed a non-linear relationship between Ag-NP concentration and its effect, with an optimal concentration potentially alleviating the negative effects of salt stress. The study suggests that pre-treating spinach seeds with green Ag-NPs at an optimized concentration might enhance their tolerance to salt stress, potentially improving germination and growth under saline conditions. This research promotes using eco-friendly nanotechnology to mitigate the detrimental effects of salinity on agricultural productivity.","PeriodicalId":21477,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Plant Physiology","volume":"77 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141943904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of Low-Temperature Stress on Secondary Metabolism of Astragalus membranaceus Bge. var. mongolicus Hsiao 低温胁迫对黄芪次生代谢的影响

IF 1.4 4区生物学

Russian Journal of Plant Physiology Pub Date : 2024-08-09 DOI: 10.1134/s102144372460555x

D. Q. Deng, J. Fan, L. Cao, W. Ma, X. C. Meng

{"title":"Effect of Low-Temperature Stress on Secondary Metabolism of Astragalus membranaceus Bge. var. mongolicus Hsiao","authors":"D. Q. Deng, J. Fan, L. Cao, W. Ma, X. C. Meng","doi":"10.1134/s102144372460555x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s102144372460555x","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3>Plant secondary metabolism is profoundly influenced by environmental stress. Low-temperature stress can induce the production of NO and ROS. The root of Astragalus membranaceus Bge. var. mongolicus Hsiao is commonly used as a medicinal herb in Asia. This study aimed to regulate the secondary metabolism and improve the quality of cultivated A. membranaceus var. mongolicus by subjecting it to different temperatures (5, 20, and 5/20°C). The activities and gene expressions of enzymes catalyzing the synthesis of secondary metabolites, including PAL, CHS, HMGR, SQS, were determined. Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity and the contents of NO, superoxide radical (({text{O}}_{2}^{{bullet - }})), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and malondialdehyde (MDA) and five secondary metabolites were measured. Low-temperature stress of 5°C significantly increased NOS activities and NO contents, which led to a considerable surge in the levels of ({text{O}}_{2}^{{bullet - }}), H2O2, and MDA. Furthermore, the activities of SOD, CAT, and POD, increased rapidly and peaked on the 2nd and 3rd days. The gene expressions and activities of PAL, CHS, HMGR, and SQS were also markedly enhanced, which led to a substantial increase in all secondary metabolites. In the 5°C treatment group, calyculin-7-glucoside, ononin, calycosin, formononetin, and astragaloside IV were increased by 45.6, 36.6, 97.9, 123.4, and 74.9%, respectively, compared with the 20°C treatment group. Thus, low-temperature stress can significantly improve the secondary metabolism of A. membranaceus var. mongolicus, enhance the accumulation of medicinal chemical components, and augment the quality of the herb.","PeriodicalId":21477,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Plant Physiology","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141943907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Interactive Effects of Cadmium on Phenolic Compounds, Antioxidant Enzyme Activity and Oxidative Stress in Lupinus albus L. Grown in Vitro 镉对白羽扇豆（Lupinus albus L.）离体生长过程中酚类化合物、抗氧化酶活性和氧化应激的交互作用

IF 1.4 4区生物学

Russian Journal of Plant Physiology Pub Date : 2024-08-09 DOI: 10.1134/s1021443724604786

S. M’rah, R. Ben Mansour, L. Guesmi, C. Chaffei-Haouari

{"title":"Interactive Effects of Cadmium on Phenolic Compounds, Antioxidant Enzyme Activity and Oxidative Stress in Lupinus albus L. Grown in Vitro","authors":"S. M’rah, R. Ben Mansour, L. Guesmi, C. Chaffei-Haouari","doi":"10.1134/s1021443724604786","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1021443724604786","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3>Cadmium (Cd2+) is a toxic heavy metal that is widespread throughout the environment. It is a subject of interest to environmental scientists because of its toxicity to plants, animals, and humans. The current work aims to evaluate the effects of Cd2+ on the production of phenolic compounds and morphological, physiological and biochemical responses of Lupinus albus L. plants exposed to Cd2+ at 0, 10, 20, 50, 100, and 150 μM CdCl2 for 7 days. Cd2+ induced negative effect on growth especially at the dose of 150 µM. Cd2+ also induced chlorosis and reduced photosynthetic activity. Besides, the metal increased the level of malondialdehyde (MDA). Under Cd2+ toxicity (50, 100, and 150 µM), the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities were increased or not significantly affected, while at 150 µM Cd2+ affected the activity of these enzymes. At the highest Cd2+ level (150 µM), proline and total polyphenol and flavonoid contents were markedly increased in leaves and roots of L. albus. Our results suggest that L. albus plants produced phenolic compounds with reducing capacity as a selective mechanism triggered by the highest activity of Cd2+.","PeriodicalId":21477,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Plant Physiology","volume":"76 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141943703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Enzyme and Metabolite Profiles Spatial Distribution under Different Xylogenesis Scenarios in Karelian Birch 卡累利阿桦木在不同木质素生成情况下的酶和代谢物空间分布概况

IF 1.4 4区生物学

Russian Journal of Plant Physiology Pub Date : 2024-08-09 DOI: 10.1134/s1021443724605317

K. M. Nikerova, N. A. Galibina, I. N. Sofronova, A. V. Klimova, L. I. Semenova

{"title":"Enzyme and Metabolite Profiles Spatial Distribution under Different Xylogenesis Scenarios in Karelian Birch","authors":"K. M. Nikerova, N. A. Galibina, I. N. Sofronova, A. V. Klimova, L. I. Semenova","doi":"10.1134/s1021443724605317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1021443724605317","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3>The actual study is the description of the biochemical characteristics of a wide range of enzymes (phenylalanine ammonia lyase, superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase) and metabolites (malondialdehyde, phenols, extractives, cellulose, lignin), as well as the profiles of their activities during the xylem structural elements’ formation during the predominance of differentiation processes during straight-grained wood formation or proliferation while the figured wood formation in the radial row cambial zone (Fraction 1)—differentiating xylem (Fraction 2)—mature xylem (MX) in the period of active cambial growth in 16-year-old straight-grained Betula pendula var. pendula and figured Betula pendula var. carelica plants. We generalized the processes associated with abnormal xylogenesis were separated spatially, and, to the greatest extent, the metabolism of the studied birch forms differed in the Fraction 2, while the diagnostic contribution of secondary metabolism enzymes and malondialdehyde (MDA) probably characterized the active secondary metabolism of parenchyma cells, which formed figured wood basis. This study described for the first time the biochemical features of a wide range of enzymes and metabolites as well as the profiles of their activities in the xylem structural elements’ formation. The necessity of separately analyzing all tissue complexes was proven. This approach made possible to separate the generally observed biochemical patterns spatially. Thus, during the active cambial growth period in 16-year-old B. pendula var. pendula and B. pendula var. carelica, the differences between straight-grained plants and Karelian birch plants (non-figured and figured trunk parts) were most clearly expressed in the differentiating xylem.","PeriodicalId":21477,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Plant Physiology","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141943705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of Soil Drought on Competitiveness of the Invasive Weed Aegilops tauschii 土壤干旱对入侵杂草 Aegilops tauschii 竞争力的影响

IF 1.4 4区生物学

Russian Journal of Plant Physiology Pub Date : 2024-08-09 DOI: 10.1134/s1021443724605640

N. Wang, H. Chen

{"title":"Effects of Soil Drought on Competitiveness of the Invasive Weed Aegilops tauschii","authors":"N. Wang, H. Chen","doi":"10.1134/s1021443724605640","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1021443724605640","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3>Aegilops tauschii Coss., an invasive weed, has a detrimental impact on the winter wheat cultivation areas of China. Understanding how drought influences competitive ability of A. tauschii can help identify traits related to its invasiveness and guide management. Slight, moderate, and severe soil drought stress conditions were established using potted weighing and water control methods. Concurrently, the de Wit replacement experiment was conducted to assess changes in morphological structure, biomass allocation, and physiological characteristics under varying intensities of soil drought stress. Based on observations of alterations in plant height, total leaf area, and total biomass, two-factor variance analysis revealed that soil drought inhibited the growth and development of both A. tauschii and Triticum aestivum L. (‘Xinmai 32’). Furthermore, one-factor variance analysis revealed that A. tauschii and wheat responded to soil drought stress by increasing superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and proline content. However, as drought severity escalated, chlorophyll content in A. tauschii and wheat declined significantly, while relative electrical conductivity (REC) and thiobarbituric acid (TBA) content increased markedly. The results of the fuzzy membership function indicated that A. tauschii exhibited greater drought tolerance compared to the tested wheat variety. Lastly, considering adjustments in the corrected index of relative competition intensity (CRCI), it was observed that soil drought amplified the competitive inhibition of A. tauschii on wheat. In short, A. tauschii was more tolerant of the soil drought stress than wheat through the favorable adjustment of morphology, biomass allocation pattern and physiological features, and soil drought intensified its competitive inhibition on wheat.","PeriodicalId":21477,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Plant Physiology","volume":"2012 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141943706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Leaf Micromorphological Assessment, Chemical Composition and Anatomical Responses of Trachyandra ciliata (L.F) Kunth to Different Degrees of Salinity Trachyandra ciliata (L.F) Kunth 的叶片微观形态评估、化学成分和解剖结构对不同盐度的反应

IF 1.4 4区生物学

Russian Journal of Plant Physiology Pub Date : 2024-08-09 DOI: 10.1134/s1021443723603695

S. Ngxabi, M. O. Jimoh, C. P. Laubscher, L. Kambizi

{"title":"Leaf Micromorphological Assessment, Chemical Composition and Anatomical Responses of Trachyandra ciliata (L.F) Kunth to Different Degrees of Salinity","authors":"S. Ngxabi, M. O. Jimoh, C. P. Laubscher, L. Kambizi","doi":"10.1134/s1021443723603695","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1021443723603695","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3>Many studies have examined the morphological and micromorphological responses of different halophytes to determine their salt tolerance mechanisms. However, few studies have focused on the South African edible halophytes. This study examined the leaf micromorphology, elemental composition, and anatomical responses using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) to examine salt tolerance levels in Trachyandra ciliata (L.F) Kunth. The treatments included varying sodium chloride (NaCl) concentrations: 50 mM, 100 mM, 150 mM and 200 mM, while control (0 mM) was watered with nutrient solution only. From the SEM micrographs, salt glands were observed protruding from the epidermis along the vascular system under low salinity and salt crystals appeared under higher concentrations, which makes this plant maintain cellular homeostasis under high salinity, and the plant can be classified as a recretohalophyte. Stomatal distribution, stomatal density and the number of open stomata decreased with increasing salinity. EDX revealed the presence of some important elements such as potassium, magnesium, phosphorus, calcium and more in the leaves. The results showed that increased salinity led to a decrease in the percentage composition of P, K and Ca2+, while Mg2+ was high under the control and low salinity (50 mM), decreased under 100 mM and increased again with increasing salinity. On the contrary, increasing salinity caused an increase in Na+ and Cl- in a stable manner. These findings reveal that T. ciliata acquires salt tolerance through changes to its leaf surface properties, osmotic adjustment, and the regulation of Na+ uptake and distribution in the leaves.","PeriodicalId":21477,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Plant Physiology","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141943704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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