Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports最新文献

{"title":"Dilemma in the Treatment of Sports Injuries in Athletes: Tendon Overuse, Muscle Strain, and Tendon Rupture","authors":"Michael Kjær, Jesper Petersen, Michael Ries Dünweber, Jesper Løvind Andersen, Lars Engebretsen, Stig Peter Magnusson","doi":"10.1111/sms.70026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.70026","url":null,"abstract":"Injuries to the musculoskeletal system are frequent in elite sports and they are detrimental to athletic performance. This can be due to, for example, (1) overuse disorders of tendon (tendinopathy) that not only lower the training efficiency but also, in many cases, are career‐ending for the athlete due to pain; (2) acute muscle strain injury that both causes prolonged absence from competition and results in many re‐injuries; or (3) tendon rupture that, apart from a very long rehabilitation period, will also result in many athletes never resuming their original high level of competitive sports. For all three injury examples, several evidence‐based prevention programs and treatments are available, and yet the incidence of these injuries remains high and single treatments often provide only partial recovery. In this paper, we highlight the current treatments of these three conditions and focus on the unsolved dilemmas that exist in these sports injuries.","PeriodicalId":21466,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143462900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of 24‐h Movement Behaviors With Incidence of Cardiovascular Risk Factors: The Finnish Retirement and Aging Study","authors":"Kristin Suorsa, Tuija Leskinen, Jesse Pasanen, Jaana Pentti, Jussi Vahtera, Sari Stenholm","doi":"10.1111/sms.70030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.70030","url":null,"abstract":"Low physical activity, high sedentary time (SED), and inadequate sleep increase cardiovascular disease risk, but the codependency between these 24‐h movement behaviors has often been neglected. This study examined associations between 24‐h movement behaviors and incidence of cardiovascular risk factors. The study included 866 adults (mean age 62.4 years, SD 1.1) from the Finnish Retirement and Aging study who participated in wrist‐accelerometry measurements between 2014 and 2018. Incident register‐based cardiovascular risk factors including hypertension, dyslipidemia, type 2 diabetes, and questionnaire‐based obesity were followed up over on average 3‐year follow‐up. Compositional Cox regression models were adjusted for age, sex, occupation, smoking, and heavy alcohol consumption. We recorded 84 (17%) new cases of hypertension, 66 (9%) dyslipidemia, 28 (3%) type 2 diabetes, 43 (6%) obesity, and 94 (26%) any of these cardiovascular risk factors. Compared to mean composition (7.8 h sleep, 11.0 h SED, 4.2 h light physical activity [LPA], 60 min moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity [MVPA]), having 10 min more MVPA at the cost of other behaviors was associated with 5%–7% risk reduction in hypertension, 10%–13% in obesity, and 6%–7% in any cardiovascular risk factor. Among the least active (sleep 7.9 h, SED 12.1 h, LPA 3.6 h, MVPA 24 min), the risk reductions were nearly twofold. In conclusion, when accounting the interdependence of movement behaviors, MVPA associated with highest risk reduction in hypertension and obesity, especially among the least active participants. This suggests that even a small increase in daily MVPA could help prevent development of cardiovascular risk factors.","PeriodicalId":21466,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports","volume":"85 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143462796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Arterial and Venous Pressure Dynamics in Blood Flow Restriction Versus Traditional Strength Training","authors":"Sanghyeon Ji, Alexander Franz, Michaela Vicas, Tobias Boemer, Stefan Luckmann, Michael Behringer, Patrick Wahl","doi":"10.1111/sms.70029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.70029","url":null,"abstract":"Strength training responses are influenced by sets, repetitions, and mechanical load, whereas Blood Flow Restriction (BFR) training adds the variable of temporarily restricting blood flow via a tourniquet. This has intensified scientific discussions regarding the vascular responses and thereby safety of the BFR method. To address these concerns, we investigated intravascular pressure changes during low‐load (LL‐RT), low‐load with BFR (LL‐BFR‐RT), and high‐load (HL‐RT) exercise. Ten healthy men (26.8 ± 4.59 years) performed unilateral biceps curls to failure in a randomized cross‐over design: (1) LL‐RT (30% 1RM), (2) LL‐BFR‐RT (30% 1RM, 50% LOP), and (3) HL‐RT (75% 1RM). Total workload was significantly higher in LL‐RT (692 ± 251 kg) compared to LL‐BFR‐RT (378 ± 58.7 kg) and HL‐RT (327 ± 65.1 kg, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> &lt; 0.001). In terms of mean values, LL‐BFR‐RT resulted in higher diastolic and mean arterial pressures during rest periods between sets compared to other conditions (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> ≤ 0.02). Both LL‐RT and LL‐BFR‐RT led to longer durations spent at increased diastolic (above 90 mmHg, LL‐RT: ~419 s vs. LL‐BFR‐RT: ~356 s vs. Hl‐RT: ~122 s), systolic (above 140 mmHg, LL‐RT: ~437 s vs. LL‐BFR‐RT: ~336 s vs. HL‐RT: ~199 s), and mean arterial pressures (above 107 mmHg, LL‐RT: ~451 s vs. LL‐BFR‐RT: ~384 s vs. HL‐RT: ~168 s) compared to HL‐RT (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> ≤ 0.028). Relative to total exercise time, LL‐BFR‐RT resulted in higher proportion of time spent at elevated diastolic (above 90 mmHg, LL‐RT: ~56.5% vs. LL‐BFR‐RT: ~68.7% vs. Hl‐RT: ~33.5%) and mean arterial pressures (above 107 mmHg, LL‐RT: ~60.8% vs. LL‐BFR‐RT: ~74.0% vs. HL‐RT: ~45.7%) compared to HL‐RT (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> ≤ 0.034). Peripheral venous pressure was significantly higher in LL‐BFR‐RT compared to other conditions (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> &lt; 0.001), with both absolute and relative time spent at higher pressures (above 75 mmHg, LL‐RT: ~57.0 s and ~ 9.12% vs. LL‐BFR‐RT: ~424 s and ~ 81.7% vs. HL‐RT: ~36.0 s and ~ 8.99%, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> ≤ 0.002). Our results suggest that BFR training performed to failure imposes greater arterial and venous stress in the exercising limb compared to high‐load training without BFR, particularly due to prolonged exposure to elevated pressures. Further research is needed to assess the potential risks of elevated local arterial and venous pressure responses by frequent BFR use, particularly in populations with pre‐existing medical conditions.","PeriodicalId":21466,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports","volume":"63 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143435239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Posterior Trunk Pulling Perturbation Increased Variables Associated With Anterior Cruciate Ligament Loading in Both Sagittal and Frontal Planes During Landing","authors":"Yu Song, Zhichen Feng, Kareem Mersal, Kaden Van Valkenburg, Lauren Salsgiver, Boyi Dai","doi":"10.1111/sms.70027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.70027","url":null,"abstract":"Trunk perturbation before initial ground contact (IC) is associated with increased anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury risk. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of midflight anterior and posterior pulling perturbation applied to the upper trunk on ACL loading variables during landings. Participants performed double‐leg vertical jumps with and without anterior or posterior pulling perturbation. The perturbation was created by a customized device, pulling participants through a freely dropping slam ball before IC. Whole‐body kinematics and ground reaction forces were collected using optoreflective cameras and force plates. Data from 31 participants were included for analysis. The posterior pulling perturbation resulted in the significantly smallest peak trunk and knee flexion angles, the greatest peak knee abduction angle, and peak knee extension and adduction moments during landings. The anterior pulling perturbation resulted in the significantly greatest peak trunk flexion angle and smallest peak knee extension moment among all conditions, and significantly greater peak knee flexion angle, smaller peak knee abduction angle, and smaller peak knee adduction moment compared to the posterior pulling perturbation. The findings suggest increased ACL loading variables and potential injury risk associated with midflight posterior pulling perturbation and provide information for understanding indirect‐contact ACL injury mechanisms.","PeriodicalId":21466,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143417206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting Physical Activity Intentions, Habits, and Action Plans in Finnish Parent–Child Dyads","authors":"Daniel J. Phipps, Milla Saarinen, Weldon T. Green, Taru Lintunen, Keegan Knittle, Martin S. Hagger","doi":"10.1111/sms.70028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.70028","url":null,"abstract":"Physical activity levels among early adolescents and their parents are insufficient for health benefits. Identifying modifiable determinants in parent–child dyads can inform future research and interventions. We tested a partial least squares path model based on the integrated behavior change model in insufficiently active Finnish parent–child dyads (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 88), including measures of autonomous and controlled motivation, social cognition constructs (attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control), intention, planning, and habits. Autonomous motivation predicted attitude in both samples, but only predicted subjective norms and perceived behavioral control in children. Attitude in turn predicted intention, planning, and habit, in the child sample, but only intention and planning in parents. Perceived behavioral control predicted intention and planning only in children, while subjective norm had minimal effects in either sample. Autonomous motivation and attitude consistently determined intention and planning for both parents and children, highlighting their importance in future research and interventions.","PeriodicalId":21466,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143401573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuromuscular Fatigue Induced by Cycling at a Fixed Level of Perceived Effort: Effects of Different Purported Hypoxic Methods","authors":"Jean‐Baptiste Beaume, Hervé Di Domenico, Maximilien Bowen, Frédérique Hintzy, Guillaume Y. Millet, Benjamin Pageaux, Tadej Debevec, Thomas Rupp","doi":"10.1111/sms.70021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.70021","url":null,"abstract":"We compared neuromuscular fatigue induced by cycling at a fixed perceived effort in normoxic condition (NOR) and three purported hypoxia modalities: systemic hypoxia (SyH, FiO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> = 0.13), blood flow restriction (BFR, 50% arterial occlusion pressure) and airflow restriction mask (ARM, calibrated to ~3500 m). Seventeen healthy young participants cycled for 20 min at a self‐selected power output corresponding to a hard effort (15/20, Borg scale) on an innovative cycle ergometer allowing immediate neuromuscular evaluation. Isometric maximum voluntary contraction of the knee extensors (IMVC), central (voluntary activation, VA) and peripheral fatigue were measured before and every 5 min during cycling. Power output, peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>), quadriceps oxygenation (near‐infrared spectroscopy, TSI) and pain were assessed throughout cycling. Power output was lower in BFR and SyH compared to NOR and ARM and was lower in BFR compared to SyH. SpO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> was reduced only in SyH (mean 77% ± 4%). In all conditions, IMVC decreased from minute 5 and subsequently plateaued (~−10% to −20%), except in BFR, wherein it further declined to −40% ± 14% at minute 20 in the presence of lowered VA and exacerbated muscle pain compared to other conditions. Muscle TSI was further decreased in SyH compared to other conditions. Our results confirm the inability of ARM to induce hypoxia. Compared to other conditions, BFR showed a greater reduction in IMVC and VA, in the presence of a higher quadriceps pain and no greater muscle deoxygenation. These results underline the psychophysiological impact of quadriceps pain on both maximal and submaximal motor output.","PeriodicalId":21466,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143191869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuromuscular Adaptations to Same Versus Separate Muscle-Group Concurrent Aerobic and Strength Training in Recreationally Active Males and Females.","authors":"Joshua F Feuerbacher, Mats W Jacobs, Paulina Heumann, Fernando Pareja-Blanco, Anthony C Hackney, Jonas Zacher, Moritz Schumann","doi":"10.1111/sms.70025","DOIUrl":"10.1111/sms.70025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Combining aerobic and strength training may attenuate neuromuscular adaptations, particularly when both target the same muscle group. This study assessed whether separating the training modalities by muscle groups mitigates this interference. Ninety-six participants (56 males and 40 females) completed a 12-week intervention, divided into three groups: (1) LHLS (lower-body high-intensity interval (HIIT) and strength training), (2) LHUS (lower-body HIIT and upper-body strength training), and (3) LSUS (lower- and upper-body strength training). Maximal (1RM) and explosive strength were assessed using load-velocity profiling, with mean propulsive velocity (MPV) at 30%, 50%, 70%, and 90% of 1RM as a measure of explosive strength. Muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) of the M. vastus lateralis and M. pectoralis major was measured using panoramic ultrasound. Lower-body adaptations were compared between LHLS and LSUS, and upper-body adaptations were compared between LHUS and LSUS. MPV at 70% and 90% of 1RM for the squat (LHLS and LSUS) and bench press (LHUS and LSUS) showed improvements (p < 0.050), with no significant between-group differences. Squat 1RM improved in both LHLS and LSUS, and bench press 1RM increased in both LHUS and LSUS (all p < 0.001). M. vastus lateralis CSA increased in LHLS (p = 0.029) but not in LSUS, whereas M. pectoralis major CSA increased in both LHUS and LSUS (p < 0.001), with no between-group differences. No sex-based differences were observed. Concurrent aerobic and strength training does not impair explosive strength, maximal strength, or muscle hypertrophy, regardless of whether the same or separate muscle groups are targeted.</p>","PeriodicalId":21466,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports","volume":"35 2","pages":"e70025"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11806282/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143374653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiorespiratory Fitness Improvements Following Low-Frequency Training Are Not Inferior to High-Frequency Training Matched for Intensity and Volume.","authors":"Thomas R Tripp, Rachel S Ghitter, Hilkka Kontro, Sarah J Hargrave, Martin J Gibala, S Jalal Aboodarda, Martin J MacInnis","doi":"10.1111/sms.70024","DOIUrl":"10.1111/sms.70024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Epidemiological evidence suggests low-frequency physical activity provides health benefits, but the physiological impacts of weekly training frequency are understudied. We investigated whether \"Weekend Warrior\" (WW) training was inferior to traditional, high-frequency (HF) training for improving maximal oxygen uptake (V̇O₂max). The secondary aim was to assess integrative physiological adaptations to each protocol. Twenty-eight sedentary-to-recreationally-active adults aged 18-45 years (14 males and 14 females) were randomized to perform 8-weeks of HF or WW training on a cycle ergometer (either four or two sessions weekly, respectively), consisting of continuous and interval exercise, with intensity and volume matched between groups. WW training was not inferior to HF training for improving V̇O₂max (mean ± standard deviation; WW: 43.5 ± 6.5 vs. 47.8 ± 6.4 mL/kg/min; HF: 42.3 ± 6.2 vs. 47.3 ± 6.7; main effect of training, p < 0.001). Severe domain cycling time-to-task-failure also increased in both groups (WW: 3.7 ± 1.6 vs. 8.6 ± 3.2 min; HF: 3.5 ± 0.9 vs. 7.7 ± 2.8; main effect of training: p < 0.001). Frequency did not affect improvements in hemoglobin mass (WW: 771 ± 203 vs. 790 ± 189 g; HF: 754 ± 185 vs. 765 ± 202; main effect of training: p = 0.043) or skeletal muscle oxidative capacity (WW: 0.034 ± 0.008 vs. 0.045 ± 0.015 s^-1; HF: 0.036 ± 0.011 vs. 0.041 ± 0.010; main effect of training: p = 0.002), nor did it influence improvements in cardiorespiratory, substrate oxidation, voluntary muscle contractile, and perceptual responses to submaximal exercise (interaction effect: p > 0.05 for all outcomes). Eight weeks of training improved V̇O₂max and a wide range of physiological outcomes with no difference between training frequencies, suggesting that the distribution of weekly exercise volume has a limited effect during short-term training. Trial Registration: This trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT05908578.</p>","PeriodicalId":21466,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports","volume":"35 2","pages":"e70024"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11806285/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143374639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"(Re)assessment of the COSMED Quark CPET and VO2Master Pro Systems for Measuring Pulmonary Gas Exchange and Ventilation.","authors":"Johan S Thiessen, Nasimi A Guluzade, Robin Faricier, Daniel A Keir","doi":"10.1111/sms.70019","DOIUrl":"10.1111/sms.70019","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We assessed the validity, reliability, and transferability of gas exchange and ventilatory variables from two commonly used metabolic measurement systems (COSMED Quark and VO2Master Pro). Two identical devices from each system were independently connected to a metabolic simulator (VacuMed), and 2 min of steady-state data was recorded at simulated oxygen uptake (V̇O₂) of 1, 2, 3, and 4 L∙min^-1 achieved through minute ventilation (V̇_E) of 30, 60, 105, and 150 L∙min^-1. Each metabolic analyzer recorded data three times for each \"intensity\" in a randomized order, and assessments were completed on two separate days. Douglas bag-based measurements were also made once at each simulated \"intensity\". Measured steady-state data (average of final 1.5 min) for both V̇O₂ (STPD) and V̇_E (ATPS) were compared with simulated values to assess validity, repeated values between and within days assessed reliability, and between-device comparisons provided transferability. Including both COSMED devices at all intensities, the mean percent error for V̇O₂ was 3.5% (range: -2.5%-8.1%) and, for V̇_E, was 2.0% (-0.5%-7.6%). For the VO2Master, these values averaged 0.6% (-9.3%-4.8%) and 1.1% (-6.3%-4.0%) for V̇O₂ and V̇_E, respectively. Mean percent error for Douglas Bag was 1.5%, -3.7%, -3.1%, and -2.0% for 1, 2, 3, and 4 L∙min^-1, respectively. Between-day differences (reliability) for V̇O₂ of both COSMED devices ranged from -4.1% to 2.2% (mean 0.1%) and, for both VO2Masters, between -1.6% and 11.1% (mean 1.2%). Between-device differences (transferability) ranged from -3.5% to 0.5% (mean 1.3%) for COSMED and from -11.0% to 3.6% (mean 0.0%) for VO2Master. Mean values and ranges for V̇_E were similar. When used appropriately in laboratory settings, the COSMED Quark and VO2Master Pro systems provide gas exchange and ventilatory data within an acceptable range for metabolic testing equipment that are both reliable and transferable between optimally performing devices.</p>","PeriodicalId":21466,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports","volume":"35 2","pages":"e70019"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11780302/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143067515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of a Rhythmic Gymnastics‐Specific Injury Prevention Program: An Assessor‐Blinded Cluster‐Randomized Controlled Trial","authors":"Marte Charlotte Dobbertin Gram, Morten Wang Fagerland, Kari Bø","doi":"10.1111/sms.70022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.70022","url":null,"abstract":"Overuse injuries are common among competitive rhythmic gymnasts, with an estimated weekly prevalence of 37% and with the knees, lower back, and hip/groin as the most common injury locations. Reduced physical capacity (e.g., strength and flexibility) has been hypothesized to contribute to the high prevalence of overuse injuries. The primary objective of this trial was to assess if exercises targeting reduced physical capacity in the knees, lower back, and hip/groin reduce the prevalence of overuse injuries compared with usual training. Twenty‐three rhythmic gymnastics clubs were cluster‐randomized to an intervention group (IG: 12 clubs and 119 gymnasts) and a control group (CG: 11 clubs and 86 gymnasts). Included gymnasts had to be ≥ 12 years of age and training ≥ 3 days per week. The IG performed a targeted injury prevention program (IPP) during training/warm‐up for 8 months (November 2022 to June 2023). The CG performed usual training. The prevalence of overuse injuries in the targeted locations was measured monthly in both groups using the Oslo Sports Trauma Research Centre Questionnaire on Health Problems (OSTRC‐H2). The response rate to OSTRC‐H2 was 94%. There was no difference in the prevalence of overuse injuries in the targeted locations between the two groups; odds ratio = 0.86 (95% CI 0.32 to 2.29); <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.77 for intervention vs. control. The results suggest that a targeted IPP alone is not enough to prevent overuse injuries in the knees, lower back, and hip/groin among competitive rhythmic gymnasts. Other measures (e.g., load management and proper training planning) might be targeted in future studies.Trial Registration: <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" xlink:href=\"https://ClinicalTrials.gov\">ClinicalTrials.gov</jats:ext-link>: NCT05506579","PeriodicalId":21466,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports","volume":"121 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143072370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}