Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports最新文献

{"title":"Is Exercise During Androgen Deprivation Therapy Effective and Safe? A Randomized Controlled Trial","authors":"Lauri Rantaniemi, Ilkka Jussila, Aino Siltari, Juha P. Ahtiainen, Annastiina Hakulinen, Eeva Harju, Jorma Sormunen, Tupu Nordström, Teuvo L. J. Tammela, Teemu J. Murtola","doi":"10.1111/sms.70084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.70084","url":null,"abstract":"To explore the benefits and safety of supervised and unsupervised exercise among localized and metastatic prostate cancer patients (PCa) during long‐term androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). A total of 44 PCa patients were enrolled in this randomized controlled trial (RCT). Participants were randomized in a 1:1 ratio into the supervised exercise sessions group or the unsupervised home‐based exercise group for three months. The primary outcomes assessed included quality of life (QoL), body composition, and metabolic markers, which were measured at baseline, after 3 months, and at 6 months. Muscle strength was evaluated exclusively in the supervised exercise group. The main statistical models used were the Mann–Whitney <jats:italic>U</jats:italic>‐test for between‐group comparisons and the Wilcoxon rank‐sum test for within‐group changes. No adverse events were reported during the exercise period. There were no significant differences in QoL, body composition, or metabolic profiles between the intervention and control groups. The supervised exercise group demonstrated significant improvement in emotional functioning (<jats:italic>Z</jats:italic> = −2.102, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.036) and all exercise performance metrics (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> &lt; 0.001), with the most pronounced gains observed in the leg press (<jats:italic>Z</jats:italic> = −4.17, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> &lt; 0.001). Furthermore, a significant association was identified between strength improvements and enhanced self‐evaluated physical function (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> &lt; 0.001). Supervised exercise is safe for patients with localized and metastatic PCa undergoing ADT and leads to significant improvements in emotional well‐being and muscle strength, which translate to better self‐reported physical function. Findings underscore the need for RCTs with longer intervention and follow‐up periods on supervised exercise, especially in metastatic PCa patients.Trial Registration: <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" xlink:href=\"http://clinicaltrials.gov\">ClinicalTrials.gov</jats:ext-link> identifier: #NCT04050397","PeriodicalId":21466,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144236836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Postural Control as a Risk Factor for Noncontact Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury in Youth Female Basketball and Floorball Athletes.","authors":"Kattilakoski Olli, Leppänen Mari, Kannus Pekka, Steffen Kathrin, Vasankari Tommi, Kulmala Tanja, Parkkari Jari, Pasanen Kati","doi":"10.1111/sms.70081","DOIUrl":"10.1111/sms.70081","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this study was to investigate whether postural control was associated with an increased risk of future noncontact ACL injury in youth female basketball and floorball athletes. Data collection on 189 youth female basketball and floorball athletes was performed during a 3-year period. The modified Star Excursion Balance Test (mSEBT), single-leg drop-down test, and single-leg stance tests on a balance platform were used to measure postural control. In the mSEBT, performance in the anteromedial, medial, and posteromedial directions, as well as the corresponding composite score, were recorded. In balance platform tests, the mediolateral and anteroposterior velocity, velocity moment, and side length of a square representing 90% of postural sway were measured. Relative limb asymmetry and bilateral limb mean results for these variables were calculated and used as predictor variables in Cox regression analysis. Noncontact ACL injuries and individual exposure hours were prospectively recorded throughout the follow-up. Twelve noncontact ACL injuries occurred. Greater limb asymmetry in the posteromedial direction [HR 1.18 (95% CI 1.05-1.32)] and composite score [HR 1.17 (95% CI 1.01-1.36)] on the mSEBT were associated with an increased risk of noncontact ACL injury. No statistically significant associations were found in the other directions for the mSEBT or any of the balance-platform-generated variables. Dynamic postural control, measured by limb asymmetry in the mSEBT, was associated with future ACL injury. Prevention programs for noncontact ACL injury could benefit from exercises directed toward correcting limb asymmetries in dynamic postural control in youth female basketball and floorball athletes.</p>","PeriodicalId":21466,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports","volume":"35 6","pages":"e70081"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12123058/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144181682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy Neuropathologic Change Is Not Associated With Suicide in Former Athletes.","authors":"Grant L Iverson","doi":"10.1111/sms.70086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.70086","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There are important knowledge gaps and misunderstandings relating to chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). A systematic review and meta-analysis, published in April of 2025, was designed to examine the prevalence, risk factors, and potential outcomes of CTE neuropathologic change (CTE-NC) in former athletes and concluded that suicide was a potential outcome of CTE-NC (Qi et al., Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports. 2025;35(4):e70047). The review included eight eligible postmortem studies, four of which were used to estimate a possible association between the postmortem neuropathology and suicide as a manner of death. The authors of two of those four studies did not report a statistically significant association between suicide as the manner of death and having CTE-NC identified in brain tissue. In the largest of the four studies, the brain donors with CTE-NC were statistically significantly less likely to have suicide as their manner of death than donors who did not have CTE-NC. Considering the four studies included in the systematic review, other studies of CTE-NC not included in the review, and the broader literature relating to suicidality in former athletes, the best available evidence suggests that CTE-NC is not associated with depression, suicidality, or suicide.</p>","PeriodicalId":21466,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports","volume":"35 6","pages":"e70086"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144235038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gender Disparity in Survival From Sports-Related Sudden Cardiac Arrest-A Call for Action!","authors":"Frisk Torell Matilda, Börjesson Mats","doi":"10.1111/sms.70085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.70085","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21466,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports","volume":"35 6","pages":"e70085"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144180197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incidence of Head Contact Events Including Headers, and Potential Head Injuries at the FIFA Futsal World Cup Lithuania 2021.","authors":"Ayda Sarkohi, Alice Hovenberg, Martin Hägglund, Andreas Serner, Kerry Peek","doi":"10.1111/sms.70083","DOIUrl":"10.1111/sms.70083","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although concern exists regarding the potential relationship between heading, head impacts, and head injuries, and long-term brain health in association football players, the incidence of these events is yet to be reported in futsal. It has been hypothesized that futsal's format of a smaller field and fewer players might mean that players are exposed to fewer head contact events than those reported in football. Our objective was to analyze the incidence and characteristics of headers, head impacts, and potential head injuries in one men's international futsal tournament. In this cross-sectional video analysis study, all head contact events (including headers, head impacts, and potential head injuries) from all 52 matches of the FIFA Futsal World Cup Lithuania 2021 were analyzed. There were 1065 head contact events with an incidence rate (IR) of 3014/1000 match hours (MH), including 839 headers (IR2376/1000MH). The most frequent head impact was upper-limb-to-head impacts (n = 106, IR300/1000MH) and the least frequent was head-to-head impacts (n = 8, IR 23/1000MH). There were 38 potential head injuries (IR108/1000MH) primarily from upper-limb-to-head impact. There was a statistically significant relationship between pitch location and type of head contact event (Cramer's V 0.18, p = < 0.001), with most events occurring outside the penalty areas (83.4%). Headers were the most common head contact event in the FIFA Futsal World Cup, with an IR similar to that reported in football. Although upper-limb-to-head impacts were the primary cause of potential head injuries in both futsal and football, head-to-head impacts were less common in futsal.</p>","PeriodicalId":21466,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports","volume":"35 6","pages":"e70083"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12122905/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144182895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differentiating Physical Activity Frequency and Density-Commentary on: \"Optimal Frequency of Interrupting Prolonged Sitting for Cardiometabolic Health: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Crossover Trials\".","authors":"Fabian Herold,Neville Owen,Christian J Brakenridge,Sylwester Kujach,Thomas Gronwald","doi":"10.1111/sms.70077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.70077","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21466,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports","volume":"48 1","pages":"e70077"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144146139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rebuttal to Herold et al. Regarding Using \"Density,\" Frequency, and \"Inter-Bout Interval\" in Exercise Science.","authors":"Mingyue Yin,Kai Xu,Sitong Chen,Boyi Zhang,Meiling Tao,Jianfeng Deng,Shengji Deng,Zhili Chen,Yuming Zhong,Hansen Li,Xing Zhang,Meynard John L Toledo,Keith M Diaz,Yongming Li","doi":"10.1111/sms.70078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.70078","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21466,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports","volume":"97 1","pages":"e70078"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144146140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Mediating Effect of Running Biomechanics, Anthropometrics, Muscle Architecture, and Comfort on Running Economy Across Different Shoes.","authors":"Bas Van Hooren, Raf Copier, Sissel Pedersen, Zoi Balamouti, Kenneth Meijer","doi":"10.1111/sms.70087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.70087","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Advancements in shoe technology can improve running economy (RE). However, the effects of advanced footwear technology (AFT) have typically been investigated in one specific shoe brand and at relatively high speeds. Moreover, there is often considerable variability in the response to different running shoes. This study, therefore, investigated the effect of five different shoes (two with AFT, one standard shoe, one traditional racing flat, and participants' own shoes) on RE at a speed representative of recreational runners. Further, it also explored whether spatiotemporal running metrics, anthropometrics, muscle architecture, or comfort mediated the effect of shoes on RE. Forty-one (31 male) recreational runners ran at 10 km∙h^-1 in five different shoes while running biomechanics and gas exchange data were collected. Linear mixed models were used to compare RE across different shoes. Correlations were computed between the difference in RE and (difference in) spatiotemporal running metrics, anthropometrics, muscle architecture, or comfort to explore mediating effects. RE was significantly better in the AFT shoe one compared to other shoes by 2%-4%, with the enhancement relative to the other AFT being non-significant (2%). No spatiotemporal, anthropometric, muscle architectural, or comfort outcome was consistently significantly associated with relative RE. However, a longer contact time, shorter flight time, and higher duty factor showed consistent small-to-moderate non-significant associations with better relative RE. In conclusion, AFT technology can enhance RE at speeds typical for recreational runners, although with variable magnitude across different brands. Further, anthropometrics, spatiotemporal metrics, muscle architecture, nor comfort strongly influenced the effect of shoes on RE.</p>","PeriodicalId":21466,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports","volume":"35 6","pages":"e70087"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144235039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Test-Retest Reliability of Running Economy and Other Physiological Parameters During 90 min of Running in Well-Trained Male Endurance Runners.","authors":"Michele Zanini,Jonathan P Folland,Richard C Blagrove","doi":"10.1111/sms.70080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.70080","url":null,"abstract":"Running economy (RE) is highly reliable when measured in an unfatigued state; however, its reproducibility during prolonged exercise has not been investigated. RE is known to worsen during prolonged exercise (referred to as RE \"durability\"), and quantifying the reliability of RE durability measurements will determine our sensitivity to detect subtle differences between groups or conditions. This study aimed to assess the reliability of RE and other physiological parameters throughout a 90-min run in the heavy-intensity domain among well-trained runners. Fourteen male marathon runners (maximal oxygen uptake (V̇O2max): 63.1 ± 5.8 mL·kg-1·min-1; marathon time: 02:47 ± 00:10 h:min) completed two 90 min treadmill runs at a speed of 10% Δ between lactate threshold one (LT) and two (LT2) (14.1 ± 0.9 km·h-1). Measurements were taken at 15 min intervals for RE (expressed as energy cost [EC] and oxygen cost [OC]), ventilation (V̇E), heart rate (HR), blood lactate (BLa), and rating of perceived exertion (RPE). Reliability was quantified using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs), coefficient of variation (CV), typical error (TE), and systematic differences. Both EC and OC demonstrated excellent reliability (ICCs 0.96-0.99; TEs 0.7%-1.4%; CVs 0.6%-1.2%) consistent across all time points (p > 0.15). V̇E and HR were highly reliable, whereas RPE and BLa exhibited greater variability, such that BLa became less reliable with run duration, especially after 60 min of exercise (time effect on BLa CV: p = 0.01). These results indicate that relatively modest changes in RE durability due to interventions or between conditions are likely to be detected, and provide critical information for future experiments aiming to measure and enhance the durability of endurance athletes.","PeriodicalId":21466,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports","volume":"30 1","pages":"e70080"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144146138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Critical Occluding Tension Phase Transition Occurs Between 30% and 40% 1RM in Dynamic Knee Extension Exercise.","authors":"Matthew D Fliss, Max J Abercrombie, Katrin G Denson, Lucas Wiens, Justin M Losciale, Allyson M Schweitzer, Ian F Coccimiglio, Thomas R Tripp, Jamie F Burr, Martin J MacInnis, Cameron J Mitchell","doi":"10.1111/sms.70082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.70082","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Oxygen delivery and utilization to working muscle(s) are essential for sustained exercise performance. Higher contractile loads can occlude intramuscular blood vessels, limiting oxygen perfusion, while lighter loads minimize occlusion and allow perfusion. This study explored how external load impacted relative muscle endurance, work capacity, and muscle oxygenation in free-flow and cuff-occluded states to estimate the load at which a muscle occludes itself. Twenty-nine participants (10 untrained (UT), 9 endurance-trained (ET), 10 resistance-trained (RT); 14 females, 15 males) completed repetitions to task failure at 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 40%, and 80% of their unilateral knee-extension 1RM in free-flow and cuff-occluded states, with muscle oxygenation (SmO₂) measured using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). Compared to cuff-occlusion, greater work capacity and SmO₂ were observed in the free-flow state at 15%-30% 1RM (p < 0.05), but no differences were seen at 40% and 80% 1RM (p ≥ 0.05). In the free-flow state above 40% 1RM, RT participants performed more work than UT and ET (p < 0.05), with no differences between UT and ET (p ≥ 0.05). At 25% and 30% 1RM, ET and RT participants performed more work than UT (p < 0.05), with no differences between ET and RT (p ≥ 0.05). At 15% and 20% 1RM, ET participants performed more work than UT and RT (p < 0.05). These results suggest a load range of > 30% but ≤ 40% 1RM may represent a phase transition in critical occluding tension of the quadriceps, with contractile induced occlusion occurring above this range, and perfusion occurring below.</p>","PeriodicalId":21466,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports","volume":"35 6","pages":"e70082"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144226470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}