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IRPN: Innovation & Environmental Economics (Topic)最新文献

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R&D Drivers and Obstacles to Innovation in the Energy Industry 能源产业创新的研发动力与障碍
IRPN: Innovation & Environmental Economics (Topic) Pub Date : 2013-09-02 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2335204
M. Costa-Campi, Néstor Duch-Brown, J. García‐Quevedo
{"title":"R&D Drivers and Obstacles to Innovation in the Energy Industry","authors":"M. Costa-Campi, Néstor Duch-Brown, J. García‐Quevedo","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2335204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2335204","url":null,"abstract":"The energy industry is facing substantial challenges that require innovation to be fostered. Nevertheless, levels of R&D investment and innovation remain quite low in comparison with other sectors. In this paper we analyse the main drivers of R&D investment and obstacles to innovation in the energy industry. We examine, firstly, whether the stated R&D objectives pursued by firms play a role in their R&D effort. Secondly, we analyse the effects of financial, knowledge and market barriers on the innovation outcomes of the firms. We rely on data from the Technological Innovation Panel (PITEC) for Spanish firms for the period 2003-2010. We use a structural model with three equations corresponding to the decision to carry out R&D or not, the R&D effort and the production of innovations. The results of the econometric estimations show, first, that R&D intensity is positively related to process innovation. Second, the main barriers that hamper innovation in the energy industry are related to market factors while financial and knowledge obstacles are not significant.","PeriodicalId":214646,"journal":{"name":"IRPN: Innovation & Environmental Economics (Topic)","volume":"111 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121958699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 225
The 'Grand Experiment': An Early Review of Energy-Related Recovery Act Efforts “大实验”:对能源相关恢复法案努力的早期回顾
IRPN: Innovation & Environmental Economics (Topic) Pub Date : 2013-08-27 DOI: 10.2139/SSRN.2316827
Sanya Carley, Martin Hyman
{"title":"The 'Grand Experiment': An Early Review of Energy-Related Recovery Act Efforts","authors":"Sanya Carley, Martin Hyman","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.2316827","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.2316827","url":null,"abstract":"The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act injected approximately $840 billion into the U.S. economy for job creation, technological advancement, and infrastructure development. This grand experiment of stimulus support targeted education, health care, unemployment assistance, the environment, and energy programs, among other areas. This study examines energy-related Recovery Act program implementation between 2009 and 2013; areas of inquiry include how funds were allocated and disbursed, which programs were targeted, and the impacts of the Recovery Act. Results indicate that the Recovery Act provided many immediate benefits to the economy, environment, and the energy sector, but also suggest that implementation was hindered by the coordination required between federal, state, and local agencies; reporting and transparency requirements; pre-existing layoffs and furloughs; inexperience with new programs; and inconsistencies with pre-existing laws and regulations. Although some economic and environmental impacts have already been assessed, not all will be known for some time due to the time horizon of the energy-related funding. Further study will be required to quantify the economic and environmental benefits of the renewable energy and energy efficiency programs.","PeriodicalId":214646,"journal":{"name":"IRPN: Innovation & Environmental Economics (Topic)","volume":"75 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114011413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Environmental Macroeconomics: Environmental Policy, Business Cycles, and Directed Technical Change 环境宏观经济学:环境政策、商业周期和定向技术变革
IRPN: Innovation & Environmental Economics (Topic) Pub Date : 2013-02-01 DOI: 10.1146/ANNUREV-RESOURCE-091912-151819
Garth Heutel, C. Fischer
{"title":"Environmental Macroeconomics: Environmental Policy, Business Cycles, and Directed Technical Change","authors":"Garth Heutel, C. Fischer","doi":"10.1146/ANNUREV-RESOURCE-091912-151819","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/ANNUREV-RESOURCE-091912-151819","url":null,"abstract":"Environmental economics has traditionally fallen in the domain of microeconomics, but approaches from macroeconomics have recently been applied to studying environmental policy. We focus on two macroeconomic tools and their application to environmental economics. First, real-business-cycle models can incorporate pollution and pollution policy and can be used to answer several questions. For example, how should environmental policy adjust to business cycles? How do different types of policies fare in a context with business cycles? Second, endogenous technological growth is an important component of environmental policy. Several studies ask how policy can be designed both to tackle emissions directly and to influence the adoption of clean technologies. We focus on these two aspects of environmental macroeconomics but emphasize that there are many other potential applications.","PeriodicalId":214646,"journal":{"name":"IRPN: Innovation & Environmental Economics (Topic)","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126450662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 119
Estimating Distributional Effects of Environmental Policy in Swedish Coastal Environments – A Walk Along Different Socio-Economic Dimensions 估计瑞典沿海环境中环境政策的分配效应——沿着不同的社会经济维度走
IRPN: Innovation & Environmental Economics (Topic) Pub Date : 2012-12-07 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2186391
C. Håkansson, Katarina Östberg, G. Bostedt
{"title":"Estimating Distributional Effects of Environmental Policy in Swedish Coastal Environments – A Walk Along Different Socio-Economic Dimensions","authors":"C. Håkansson, Katarina Östberg, G. Bostedt","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2186391","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2186391","url":null,"abstract":"This paper studies distributional effects of environmental policies in Swedish coastal environments, in monetary and environmental quality terms, for different socio-economic groups. The study area is widely used for different recreational activities and has a mix of different visitors. Data comes from a choice experiment study. Some results confirm limited existing knowledge from previous research, although the ethnical dimension to a certain extent contradicts conventional perceptions. Based on previous research from other countries, the hypothesis would be that native Swedes would benefit more from environmental improvements than respondents with a non-Swedish background. Interestingly results differ, depending on the environmental amenity. For example, respondents with a non-Swedish origin benefit more, both in monetary and environmental quality terms, from reduced noise and littering compared to respondents with a Swedish origin. Also, independent of ethnical background, people use the area in a similar manner.","PeriodicalId":214646,"journal":{"name":"IRPN: Innovation & Environmental Economics (Topic)","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130146349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Alternative Energy: Is a Solution to the Climate Problem? 替代能源:是气候问题的解决方案吗?
IRPN: Innovation & Environmental Economics (Topic) Pub Date : 2011-12-01 DOI: 10.5772/23142
J. Coca, Jesús A. Valero Matas
{"title":"Alternative Energy: Is a Solution to the Climate Problem?","authors":"J. Coca, Jesús A. Valero Matas","doi":"10.5772/23142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/23142","url":null,"abstract":"The world is doing many efforts to mitigate climate change, researching and developing various sources of the renewable energy such as wind, photovoltaic, solar, tidal, geothermal, aero thermal, bioenergy, undimotriz or hydropower.This leads us to consider for the moment, as it indicates, are alternative energy, namely, they not yet ready to be a substitute for fossil fuels and for the time being complementary energy from fossil fuels. At this time, these energies can not make the various societies to abandon the use of petroleum and its derivatives as energy. We in this chapter we will try to address not a source of renewable primary energy, but an energy vector, the hydrogen. This, in the future may be the replacement of fossil fuels.However, despite the efforts of some countries, we are still far from turning the hydrogen energy future, and being the main energy source that solve our energy problems and climate change.","PeriodicalId":214646,"journal":{"name":"IRPN: Innovation & Environmental Economics (Topic)","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125700769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Role of R&D and Technology Diffusion in Climate Change Mitigation: New Perspectives Using the Witch Model 研发和技术扩散在减缓气候变化中的作用:基于Witch模型的新视角
IRPN: Innovation & Environmental Economics (Topic) Pub Date : 2009-04-30 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1397076
V. Bosetti, C. Carraro, R. Duval, A. Sgobbi, M. Tavoni
{"title":"The Role of R&D and Technology Diffusion in Climate Change Mitigation: New Perspectives Using the Witch Model","authors":"V. Bosetti, C. Carraro, R. Duval, A. Sgobbi, M. Tavoni","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1397076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1397076","url":null,"abstract":"This paper uses the WITCH model, a computable general equilibrium model with endogenous technological change, to explore the impact of various climate policies on energy technology choices and the costs of stabilising greenhouse gas concentrations. Current and future expected carbon prices appear to have powerful effects on R&D spending and clean technology diffusion. Their impact on stabilisation costs depends on the nature of R&D: R&D targeted at incremental energy efficiency improvements has only limited effects, but R&D focused on the emergence of major new low-carbon technologies could lower costs drastically if successful – especially in the non-electricity sector, where such low-carbon options are scarce today. With emissions coming from multiple sources, keeping a wide range of options available matters for stabilisation costs more than improving specific technologies. Due to international knowledge spillovers, stabilisation costs could be further reduced through a complementary, global R&D policy. However, a strong price signal is always required.","PeriodicalId":214646,"journal":{"name":"IRPN: Innovation & Environmental Economics (Topic)","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121907541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 190
Stockmarket Listing and Cleantech Business Development: Evidence from AiM 上市与清洁技术企业发展:来自AiM的证据
IRPN: Innovation & Environmental Economics (Topic) Pub Date : 2009-01-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1923073
M. Müller, E. Garnsey
{"title":"Stockmarket Listing and Cleantech Business Development: Evidence from AiM","authors":"M. Müller, E. Garnsey","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1923073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1923073","url":null,"abstract":"Investors have been showing interest in prospects for new environmental technologies launched by innovative enterprises. We analyse the experience of young environmental technology firms going public on London’s alternative stock market, AiM. While firms that launched in the boom attracted needed funds, shareholder expectations and the controls used to promote shareholder value were not well aligned with the realities of business development of these emerging technology firms. These face challenging market and technology risks and require funding for business development that is more flexible and longer term than that provided by AiM investors. We suggest that a wider portfolio of investment alternatives is needed.","PeriodicalId":214646,"journal":{"name":"IRPN: Innovation & Environmental Economics (Topic)","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114753285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Fuel Cell Technology and Market Opportunities 燃料电池技术和市场机遇
IRPN: Innovation & Environmental Economics (Topic) Pub Date : 2008-10-21 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.908787
Andrea L. Larson, S. Keach
{"title":"Fuel Cell Technology and Market Opportunities","authors":"Andrea L. Larson, S. Keach","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.908787","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.908787","url":null,"abstract":"This note can be used as an informational background reading on fuel cells, an environmentally attractive alternative technology for power generation and transportation. The note would be useful in courses on innovation, technology, entrepreneurship, environment, energy/power/transportation issues, or sustainable business. It explores fuel-cell technology, including its history, current and potential applications, fuel sources, environmental issues, and manufacturing challenges. The commercialization issues covered include performance requirements, time to market, costs, and other outside driving forces such as fuel-distribution infrastructure, power-generation reliability, and fuel prices. Fuel cells are an electrochemical energy source with the potential to take a significant market share from traditional electrical-power generation and automobile-propulsion technologies. Over the next decade, fuel cells may provide more reliable energy and cleaner air while decreasing dependence on fossil fuels for transportation and stationary applications. The note accompanies a case on fuel cells (UVA-ENT-0018).","PeriodicalId":214646,"journal":{"name":"IRPN: Innovation & Environmental Economics (Topic)","volume":"33 28","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114060122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Adaptation, Mitigation and 'Green' R&D to Combat Global Climate Change - Insights from an Empirical Integrated Assessment Exercise 应对全球气候变化的适应、减缓和“绿色”研发——来自经验综合评估工作的见解
IRPN: Innovation & Environmental Economics (Topic) Pub Date : 2008-10-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1366785
F. Bosello
{"title":"Adaptation, Mitigation and 'Green' R&D to Combat Global Climate Change - Insights from an Empirical Integrated Assessment Exercise","authors":"F. Bosello","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1366785","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1366785","url":null,"abstract":"This work develops a framework for the analysis at the macro-level of the relationship between adaptation and mitigation policies. The FEEM-RICE growth model with stock pollution, endogenous RD nonetheless the possibility to adapt reduces the need to mitigate and partly crowds out other forms of investment like those in R&D. The optimal intertemporal distribution of strategies is also described: it requires to anticipate mitigation effort that should start already when climate damages are low and postpone adaptation intervention until they are substantial. Thus the possibility to adapt is not a justification to delay abatement activities. A sensitivity analysis demonstrates the robustness of these results to different parameterizations, in particular to changes in expected climate-change damages and in the discount rates.","PeriodicalId":214646,"journal":{"name":"IRPN: Innovation & Environmental Economics (Topic)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123747346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 131
Giving Green to Get Green: Incentives and Consumer Adoption of Hybrid Vehicle Technology 以绿色换取绿色:混合动力汽车技术的激励和消费者采用
IRPN: Innovation & Environmental Economics (Topic) Pub Date : 2008-02-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1083716
K. Gallagher, E. Muehlegger
{"title":"Giving Green to Get Green: Incentives and Consumer Adoption of Hybrid Vehicle Technology","authors":"K. Gallagher, E. Muehlegger","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1083716","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1083716","url":null,"abstract":"Federal, state, and local governments use a variety of incentives to induce consumer adoption of hybrid-electric vehicles. We study the relative efficacy of state sales tax waivers, income tax credits, and non-tax incentives and find that the type of tax incentive offered is as important as the generosity of the incentive. Conditional on value, sales tax waivers are associated with more than a ten-fold increase in hybrid sales relative to income tax credits. In addition, we examine how adoption varies with fuel prices. Rising gasoline prices are associated with greater hybrid vehicle sales, but this effect operates almost entirely through high fuel-economy vehicles. By comparing consumer response to sales tax waivers and estimated future fuel savings, we estimate an implicit discount rate of 14.6% on future fuel savings.","PeriodicalId":214646,"journal":{"name":"IRPN: Innovation & Environmental Economics (Topic)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127981260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 725
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