{"title":"The Value of Technological Advance in Decarbonizing the U.S. Economy","authors":"R. Richels, G. Blanford","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1089068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1089068","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the role of technology in managing the costs of a carbon constraint on the U.S. economy. Two portfolios of technology are examined. One reflects modest investments in climate-friendly technologies, the other more aggressive development. The analysis indicates that the development of a broad range of low- to zero-carbon emitting technologies can substantially reduce (but not eliminate) the economic cost of decarbonization. By enabling large-scale emission reductions on the supply-side, costly reductions in demand are avoided. In particular, the emergence of electricity as a low-carbon fuel provides a powerful lever for achieving reductions in other sectors of the economy at lower cost. While the analysis suggests that there is no \"free lunch,\" the bill, which may indeed be well worth paying, can be greatly reduced through an accelerated R&D program and successful diffusion of new technology throughout the economy.","PeriodicalId":214646,"journal":{"name":"IRPN: Innovation & Environmental Economics (Topic)","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124101887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Berrone, Liliana Gelabert, Andrea Fosfuri, L. Gómez‐Mejía
{"title":"Can Institutional Forces Create Competitive Advantage? An Empirical Examination of Environmental Innovation","authors":"P. Berrone, Liliana Gelabert, Andrea Fosfuri, L. Gómez‐Mejía","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1115243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1115243","url":null,"abstract":"We examine institutional pressures as antecedents of environmental innovation. Drawing on institutional theory and a resource-based view of the firm, we argue that regulatory and normative forces influence companies' propensity to innovate in environment-related projects. Furthermore, we suggest that this relationship is contingent on the availability and specificity of the companies' resources. These relationships were tested using environmental patents and citations of 340 publicly-traded companies from polluting industries in the U.S. Results suggest that institutional pressures can be a source of competitive advantage, and regulatory forces are becoming more strongly associated with environmental innovations as the intensity of companies' R&D activities increase.","PeriodicalId":214646,"journal":{"name":"IRPN: Innovation & Environmental Economics (Topic)","volume":"PP 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126710981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Coduras, Álvaro Rojas, J. Ruiz-Navarro, D. Urbano
{"title":"Environmental Factors and Entrepreneurship in Spain: A Regional Comparison","authors":"A. Coduras, Álvaro Rojas, J. Ruiz-Navarro, D. Urbano","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2736343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2736343","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose – The main objective is to analyse the relationship between environmental factors and entrepreneurship in a regional Spanish level. The research is based on the GEM theoretical model and Institutional Economics is used as a theoretical framework.Design/methodology/approach – GEM regional Spanish data is used in the empirical part of the study, using both univariable and multivariable techniques in the statistical analysis.Findings – There exists a significant influence of the environmental factors in the total entrepreneurial early stage activity index (TEA) of the Spanish regions. This influence is summarized by two canonical functions that represent the institutional and the natural entrepreneurial framework conditions, which discriminate the 17 regional TEA in the four established groups with a goodness of fit higher than a 75%. The most influent variables are those that represent the expert evaluation over post secondary educational entrepreneurial orientation, over government policies referred to laws and bureaucracy and over the opportunities existence.Research limitations/implications – The study is focused specifically on institutional factors. There is a need to distinguish in the future research, formal and informal environmental factors, to determine their effects on entrepreneurship.Practical implications – The results of this paper open the door to new developments in the study of the influence of the framework conditions in undernational entrepreneurship level. Also, the methodology of this research could be useful for other countries to advance in the regional entrepreneurship studies with GEM data and to compare their obtained results.Originality/value – The study provides a framework for analysing environmental factors to new firm creation in a regional level.","PeriodicalId":214646,"journal":{"name":"IRPN: Innovation & Environmental Economics (Topic)","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124128312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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