Schizophrenia Research最新文献

{"title":"App for independence: A feasibility randomized controlled trial of a digital health tool for schizophrenia spectrum disorders","authors":"Sean A. Kidd ,&nbsp;Jessica D'Arcey ,&nbsp;Leah Tackaberry-Giddens ,&nbsp;Toni-Rose Asuncion ,&nbsp;Sacha Agrawal ,&nbsp;Sheng Chen ,&nbsp;Wei Wang ,&nbsp;Kwame McKenzie ,&nbsp;Wenjia Zhou ,&nbsp;Sherry Luo ,&nbsp;Laura Feldcamp ,&nbsp;Linda Kaleis ,&nbsp;Saleena Zedan ,&nbsp;George Foussias ,&nbsp;Nicole Kozloff ,&nbsp;Aristotle Voineskos","doi":"10.1016/j.schres.2024.11.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.schres.2024.11.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Given the widespread adoption of smartphone technologies, digital health strategies to address schizophrenia spectrum disorders hold considerable promise. However, there are relatively few trials of digital health interventions for schizophrenia. The App for Independence (A4i) is a multi-function digital platform co-designed by people with schizophrenia, their families, and service providers.</div></div><div><h3>Hypothesis</h3><div>This trial was designed to assess the feasibility of A4i.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>The study was a single-blinded randomized trial. This trial was undertaken to generate feasibility data that might inform the design and utility of future effectiveness and implementation trials. The study took place in Toronto, Canada, with 91 participants randomized to 6 months of A4i use or treatment as usual. Feasibility metrics included recruitment, engagement and retention targets, qualitative and satisfaction data, and a secondary assessment of clinical, quality of life, and treatment adherence outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Study results</h3><div>The COVID-19 pandemic markedly affected the recruitment of both primary participants and clinicians. Feasibility outcomes were difficult to interpret, though they presented some useful information for future trials. Engagement objectives were not achieved. However, A4i-user satisfaction ratings and qualitative feedback were positive, and technology engagement was fairly positive despite implementation challenges.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study adds to emerging discourse regarding how technologies such as A4i are implemented. It suggests that digital technologies are of interest and are received positively by severe mental illness populations, though more work is needed to understand how they are implemented and the optimal methods for researching them.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21417,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research","volume":"275 ","pages":"Pages 52-61"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142808042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing recovery in first-episode psychosis: A systematic review of psychosocial interventions","authors":"Madisen T. Russell ,&nbsp;Imani S. Linton ,&nbsp;Jenifer L. Vohs ,&nbsp;Kyle S. Minor","doi":"10.1016/j.schres.2024.12.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.schres.2024.12.017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This systematic review evaluates the efficacy of psychosocial interventions for individuals experiencing first-episode psychosis (FEP) across multiple recovery outcomes. Drawing from 35 studies, the analysis synthesizes evidence on symptom reduction, social and role functioning improvement, continuity of care, hospitalization rates, and other psychological outcomes. Regarding symptom reduction, specialized FEP programs demonstrated decreases across positive, negative, and general symptoms. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) interventions also showed promise in improving psychiatric symptoms, while skills training interventions were effective in enhancing positive and negative symptoms. Social and role functioning improvements were observed across different interventions, including specialized FEP care and vocational support. Furthermore, specialized FEP programs generally led to reduced hospitalization rates and improved continuity of care, while CBT and other interventions improved psychological outcomes, such as enhanced coping skills and cognitive functioning. Most studies, particularly those of higher quality, reported positive outcomes across multiple domains. Future research should prioritize comparative efficacy, intervention duration and modality effects, and address disparities in access and utilization of FEP interventions across diverse contexts. By advancing our understanding of effective psychosocial interventions for FEP, this review offers valuable insights for clinicians, researchers, and policymakers aiming to optimize outcomes and mitigate the burden of psychosis-related disabilities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21417,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research","volume":"275 ","pages":"Pages 166-178"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142903538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pathways to care: Source of referral at first-episode psychosis, a cross-country comparison between Bologna and South London","authors":"Sherifat Oduola ,&nbsp;Giuseppe D'Andrea ,&nbsp;Danilo Smimmo ,&nbsp;Marco Menchetti ,&nbsp;Domenico Berardi ,&nbsp;Roberto Muratori ,&nbsp;Robin Murray ,&nbsp;Marta Di Forti ,&nbsp;Fabio Lucchi ,&nbsp;Craig Morgan ,&nbsp;Ilaria Tarricone","doi":"10.1016/j.schres.2024.11.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.schres.2024.11.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Pathways to Care (PtC) are useful indicators of how patients access mental healthcare, especially in the context of first-episode psychosis (FEP). We explored how PtC: source of referral, is associated with patients' characteristics and clinical presentation and assessed the cross-country differences of the PtC predictors between South London and Bologna.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study included 427 FEP individuals in the context of the European Union Gene-Environment Interactions (EU-GEI) study. We performed multinomial logistic regression to test the associations between our outcome variables (PtC) and the independent study variables.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In London, patients were more likely to be referred by GPs or specialists, while in Bologna, most patients followed the emergency route. Despite the study centre differences, older patients were more likely to be referred by GPs; patients referred informally and via specialist services were more likely to be single. Compared with emergency referrals, patients referred by GPs and specialists experienced a longer DUP. We found insufficient evidence of an association between symptoms profile and PtC.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>PtC characteristics of FEP patients were associated with several sociodemographic and DUP in both study centres. Our results highlight the importance of social networks and social services and public engagement, and public health initiatives (such as psychoeducation in schools and leisure centres) in easing help-seeking behaviours.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21417,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research","volume":"275 ","pages":"Pages 35-41"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142786837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Choroid plexus morphology in schizophrenia and early-stage psychosis: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Gina Brunner ,&nbsp;Ruchika Gajwani ,&nbsp;Joachim Gross ,&nbsp;Andrew Gumley ,&nbsp;Rosanne H. Timmerman ,&nbsp;Rebecca Taylor ,&nbsp;Rajeev Krishnadas ,&nbsp;Stephen M. Lawrie ,&nbsp;Matthias Schwannauer ,&nbsp;Frauke Schultze-Lutter ,&nbsp;Peter J. Uhlhaas ,&nbsp;Alessio Fracasso","doi":"10.1016/j.schres.2024.12.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.schres.2024.12.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The choroid plexus is an important structure within the ventricular system. Schizophrenia has been associated with morphological changes to the choroid plexus but the presence and extent of alterations at different illness stages is unclear.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We examined choroid plexus volumes in participants at clinical high-risk for psychosis (<em>N</em> = 110), participants with first-episode psychosis (<em>N</em> = 37), participants with schizophrenia (<em>N</em> = 28), clinical (<em>N</em> = 38) and non-clinical controls (<em>N</em> = 75). Automated segmentation (Gaussian mixture model) was used to estimate choroid plexus volumes from T1 magnetic resonance (MR) images. We then conducted a linear model and Bayes factor analysis to investigate group differences. In addition, the relationship between choroid plexus volumes and clinical characteristics was assessed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Schizophrenia patients were characterized by increased choroid plexus and ventricular volume while first-episode psychosis and clinical high-risk for psychosis participants showed no differences in choroid plexus volumes. However, choroid plexus volumes in schizophrenia patients did not significantly differ from controls when controlling for ventricular volume. Finally, choroid plexus volumes were not associated with clinical characteristics in the clinical high-risk group.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our findings suggest that morphological alterations are not specific to the choroid plexus in schizophrenia and early-stage psychosis. Previously reported choroid plexus abnormalities in schizophrenia patients could be explained by changes in ventricular volume.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21417,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research","volume":"275 ","pages":"Pages 107-114"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142855197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Affective predictors of social support in individuals with schizophrenia","authors":"David Kimhy ,&nbsp;Julia Vakhrusheva ,&nbsp;Vance Zemon","doi":"10.1016/j.schres.2024.12.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.schres.2024.12.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Social Support has been found to contribute to lower mental illness burden, higher treatment adherence, enhanced social functioning, and better quality of life. Individuals with schizophrenia report lower social support compared to non-clinical populations, yet the factors contributing to this discrepancy are not fully clear. Specifically, the person-related variables that may enhance or hinder SS in people with schizophrenia are unknown. Evidence from affective neuroscience research has implicated emotion awareness and regulation as key predictors of social functioning, a correlate of social support. However, their potential impact on social support in schizophrenia has not been investigated.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We examined emotion awareness, emotion regulation and social support in 90 individuals with schizophrenia and 26 healthy controls.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The schizophrenia group reported significantly poorer emotion awareness, more frequent use of suppression to regulate emotions, as well as lower social support. Within the schizophrenia group, results from mediation analyses pointed to significant indirect effects of specific emotion regulation strategies on social support through emotion awareness, with use of suppression predicting lower social support via decreased emotion awareness, and conversely, use of cognitive reappraisal predicting greater social support via increased emotion awareness. Notably, emotion awareness was more strongly associated with social support from friends than from family members.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The results highlight poor emotion awareness as a key variable critical to enhancing social support in people schizophrenia. We discuss potential mechanisms underlying the links between emotion awareness, emotion regulation, and SS, along with the therapeutic implications of the findings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21417,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research","volume":"275 ","pages":"Pages 137-145"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142897066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Issue highlights","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0920-9964(24)00496-1","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0920-9964(24)00496-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21417,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research","volume":"274 ","pages":"Page A1"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143172756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “The danger of averages in the context of heterogeneity: Response to the letter to the editor of SCZ RES - role of ECT in patients with CRS - Markota et al., 2024” [Schizophr. Res. 269 (2024): 120–122]","authors":"Helio Elkis","doi":"10.1016/j.schres.2024.08.020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.schres.2024.08.020","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21417,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research","volume":"274 ","pages":"Pages 545-546"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142135073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Divergent changes in complement pathway gene expression in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder: Links to inflammation and neurogenesis in the subependymal zone","authors":"Rachel E.H. Sager ,&nbsp;Hayley F. North ,&nbsp;Christin Weissleder ,&nbsp;Misaki S. Clearwater ,&nbsp;Adam K. Walker ,&nbsp;Janice M. Fullerton ,&nbsp;Maree J. Webster ,&nbsp;Cynthia Shannon Weickert","doi":"10.1016/j.schres.2024.11.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.schres.2024.11.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Deficits in neurogenesis markers in the subependymal zone (SEZ) are associated with elevated inflammation in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. However, the extent to which complement factors are also changed in the SEZ of these major psychiatric disorders and their impact on neurogenesis remains poorly understood. We extracted RNA from the SEZ of 93 brains, including controls (<em>n</em> = 32), schizophrenia (n = 32), and bipolar disorder (<em>n</em> = 29) cases. Quantitative RT-PCR measured 13 complement transcripts encoding initiators, convertases, effectors or inhibitors. Differences in abundance were analysed by diagnosis and inflammatory subgroups (high- or low-inflammation), which were previously defined by SEZ cytokine and inflammation marker expression.</div><div>Complement mRNAs <em>C1QA</em> (<em>p</em> = 0.011), <em>C1QB</em> (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001), <em>C1R</em> (<em>p</em> = 0.027), and Factor B (<em>p</em> = 0.025) were increased in high-inflammation schizophrenia versus low-inflammation controls. Conversely, high-inflammation bipolar cases had decreased <em>C1QC</em> (<em>p</em> = 0.011) and <em>C3</em> (<em>p</em> = 0.003). Complement mRNAs <em>C1R</em> (SCZ, <em>p</em> = 0.010; BD, <em>p</em> = 0.047), <em>C1S</em> (SCZ, <em>p</em> = 0.026; BD, <em>p</em> = 0.017), and Factor B (BD, <em>p</em> = 0.025) were decreased in low-inflammation schizophrenia and bipolar subgroups versus low-inflammation controls. Complement inhibitors varied by subgroup: Factor H was increased in high-inflammation schizophrenia (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001), and <em>CD59</em> in high-inflammation bipolar disorder (<em>p</em> = 0.020). Complement activator and inhibitor mRNAs were positively correlated with quiescent neural stem cell marker <em>GFAPD</em> (q &lt; 0.05) but negatively with immature neuron markers <em>DLX6-AS1</em> (q &lt; 0.05) and <em>DCX</em> (q &lt; 0.05).</div><div>These findings suggest altered complement cascade expression in the SEZ in high- and low-inflammation schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, with opposite directional changes suggesting distinct molecular pathology. Complement activation may promote stem cell quiescence and reduce differentiation or survival of newborn neurons.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21417,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research","volume":"275 ","pages":"Pages 25-34"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142756700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acceptance and Commitment Therapy-based Lifestyle Counselling Program for people with early psychosis on physical activity: A pilot randomized controlled trial","authors":"Yuen Yu Chong ,&nbsp;Wai Tong Chien ,&nbsp;Huanyu Mou ,&nbsp;Chi Kin Ip ,&nbsp;Daniel Bressington","doi":"10.1016/j.schres.2024.11.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.schres.2024.11.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate the feasibility, acceptability and efficacy of an Acceptance and Commitment Therapy-based Lifestyle Counselling Program (ACT-LCP) on health outcomes of individuals with early psychosis.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this assessor-blinded, parallel-group pilot randomized controlled trial, 72 early psychosis patients (mean age [SD] = 30.51 [8.02], 58.3 % female) were randomized to either the ACT-LCP group or a control group. The ACT-LCP group underwent a five-week group program focusing on ACT-based motivation for healthy lifestyles, a booster session, and two follow-up calls. The control group received standard care, one lifestyle education session, and three follow-up calls. Outcomes including physical activity, autonomous motivation, psychological flexibility, mental status, and quality of life were measured at baseline, 1-week, and 12-week post-intervention. Recruitment, retention, and adherence rates were evaluated. Focus group interviews explored participants' experiences.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Generalized estimating equation models demonstrated that when compared to the Control group, the ACT-LCP group showed a sixfold likelihood of engaging in at least 150 min of moderate to vigorous physical activity per week (adjusted prevalence ratio = 6.28, 95 % CI [2.09–18.93], <em>P</em> ≤ 0.001) at 12-week post-intervention. Improvements at 12-week also included autonomous motivation (adjusted mean difference, aMD = 4.74; <em>P</em> &lt; .001), psychological inflexibility (aMD = −7.69; <em>P</em> &lt; .001), mental status (aMD = −6.83; <em>P</em> &lt; .001), and quality of life (aMD = 0.46; <em>P</em> = .006). Recruitment was successful at 55.8 %, retention at 89 %, and adherence at 80.6 %. Engagement challenges were noted in focus groups.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The ACT-LCP is feasible and acceptable, demonstrating initial efficacy in individuals with early psychosis. Further research should refine the intervention and explore long-term impacts.</div><div><span><span>ClinicalTrial.gov</span><svg><path></path></svg></span> Identifier: <span><span>NCT04916496</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21417,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research","volume":"275 ","pages":"Pages 1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142755399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Histopathological evidence of cellular alterations in the dentate gyrus is associated with aberrant RB1CC1-ATG16L1 expression in the hippocampus among older adults with chronic schizophrenia: A pilot post-mortem study","authors":"Andreas S. Lappas ,&nbsp;Maria Ioannou ,&nbsp;Nikos G. Christodoulou","doi":"10.1016/j.schres.2024.11.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.schres.2024.11.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Recent evidence brings autophagy, and specifically the RB1CC1 gene into sharp focus as aetiologically relevant to Schizophrenia. Our understanding of whether and how these genetic signatures translate to cellular functions remains limited.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>Post-mortem study of 10 individuals with Schizophrenia and 18 individuals without any neurological/psychiatric disorder, matched for age, sex, post-mortem-interval, pH and BRAAK score. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded, 6 μm sections cut through segments of the anterior, middle and posterior left or right hippocampus were examined for histopathological differences and immunohistochemical expression of RB1CC1 and ATG16L1 proteins.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Dentate gyrus (DG) granule cells area (<em>p</em> = 0.005) and circularity (<em>p</em> = 0.012) were significantly lower among Schizophrenia vs. controls. Antipsychotics were associated with lower circularity (<em>p</em> = 0.007). RB1CC1 and ATG16L1 immunoexpression were positively correlated (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001) and significantly lower in the CA1 (<em>p</em> = 0.047, <em>p</em> = 0.005, respectively). RB1CC1 immunoexpression was significantly higher in the DG among Schizophrenia vs. controls (<em>p</em> = 0.047,). The latter was more pronounced among donors treated with antipsychotics. Lower ATG16L1 CA1 immunoreactivity was correlated with lower granule cell area (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>For the first time, we present histopathological evidence of morphological alterations in the DG of the human brain in Schizophrenia. We propose that these changes indicate DG developmental arrest, which is associated with diminished RB1CC1-ATG16L1-mediated autophagy initiation in the CA1. We suggest that this is a pathological process, whereas RB1CC1-ATG16L1 upregulation in the DG, and possibly in the CA4, may represent a compensatory/restorative mechanism. Antipsychotics may upregulate RB1CC1-ATG16L1 autophagy initiation. Larger studies are required to validate these findings and explore clinical correlations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21417,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research","volume":"275 ","pages":"Pages 14-24"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142755402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}