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The regulatory roles of RNA-binding proteins in the tumour immune microenvironment of gastrointestinal malignancies. rna结合蛋白在胃肠道恶性肿瘤肿瘤免疫微环境中的调控作用。
IF 3.6 3区 生物学
RNA Biology Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-24 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2024.2440683
Dongqi Li, Xiangyu Chu, Weikang Liu, Yongsu Ma, Xiaodong Tian, Yinmo Yang
{"title":"The regulatory roles of RNA-binding proteins in the tumour immune microenvironment of gastrointestinal malignancies.","authors":"Dongqi Li, Xiangyu Chu, Weikang Liu, Yongsu Ma, Xiaodong Tian, Yinmo Yang","doi":"10.1080/15476286.2024.2440683","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15476286.2024.2440683","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The crosstalk between the tumour immune microenvironment (TIME) and tumour cells promote immune evasion and resistance to immunotherapy in gastrointestinal (GI) tumours. Post-transcriptional regulation of genes is pivotal to GI tumours progression, and RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) serve as key regulators via their RNA-binding domains. RBPs may exhibit either anti-tumour or pro-tumour functions by influencing the TIME through the modulation of mRNAs and non-coding RNAs expression, as well as post-transcriptional modifications, primarily N6-methyladenosine (m<sup>6</sup>A). Aberrant regulation of RBPs, such as HuR and YBX1, typically enhances tumour immune escape and impacts prognosis of GI tumour patients. Further, while targeting RBPs offers a promising strategy for improving immunotherapy in GI cancers, the mechanisms by which RBPs regulate the TIME in these tumours remain poorly understood, and the therapeutic application is still in its early stages. This review summarizes current advances in exploring the roles of RBPs in regulating genes expression and their effect on the TIME of GI tumours, then providing theoretical insights for RBP-targeted cancer therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":21351,"journal":{"name":"RNA Biology","volume":"22 1","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142882916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
tRNA modifications: greasing the wheels of translation and beyond. tRNA修饰:润滑翻译的车轮和超越。
IF 3.6 3区 生物学
RNA Biology Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-26 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2024.2442856
Minjie Zhang, Zhipeng Lu
{"title":"tRNA modifications: greasing the wheels of translation and beyond.","authors":"Minjie Zhang, Zhipeng Lu","doi":"10.1080/15476286.2024.2442856","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15476286.2024.2442856","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Transfer RNA (tRNA) is one of the most abundant RNA types in cells, acting as an adaptor to bridge the genetic information in mRNAs with the amino acid sequence in proteins. Both tRNAs and small fragments processed from them play many nonconventional roles in addition to translation. tRNA molecules undergo various types of chemical modifications to ensure the accuracy and efficiency of translation and regulate their diverse functions beyond translation. In this review, we discuss the biogenesis and molecular mechanisms of tRNA modifications, including major tRNA modifications, writer enzymes, and their dynamic regulation. We also summarize the state-of-the-art technologies for measuring tRNA modification, with a particular focus on 2'-O-methylation (Nm), and discuss their limitations and remaining challenges. Finally, we highlight recent discoveries linking dysregulation of tRNA modifications with genetic diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":21351,"journal":{"name":"RNA Biology","volume":"22 1","pages":"1-25"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142897124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Expanding the immune-related targetome of miR-155-5p by integrating time-resolved RNA patterns into miRNA target prediction. 通过将时间分辨RNA模式整合到miRNA靶标预测中,扩大miR-155-5p的免疫相关靶标组。
IF 3.6 3区 生物学
RNA Biology Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-11 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2025.2449775
Martin Hart, Caroline Diener, Stefanie Rheinheimer, Tim Kehl, Andreas Keller, Hans-Peter Lenhof, Eckart Meese
{"title":"Expanding the immune-related targetome of miR-155-5p by integrating time-resolved RNA patterns into miRNA target prediction.","authors":"Martin Hart, Caroline Diener, Stefanie Rheinheimer, Tim Kehl, Andreas Keller, Hans-Peter Lenhof, Eckart Meese","doi":"10.1080/15476286.2025.2449775","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15476286.2025.2449775","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The lack of a sufficient number of validated miRNA targets severely hampers the understanding of their biological function. Even for the well-studied miR-155-5p, there are only 239 experimentally validated targets out of 42,554 predicted targets. For a more complete assessment of the immune-related miR-155 targetome, we used an inverse correlation of time-resolved mRNA profiles and miR-155-5p expression of early CD4+ T cell activation to predict immune-related target genes. Using a high-throughput miRNA interaction reporter (HiTmIR) assay we examined 90 target genes and confirmed 80 genes as direct targets of miR-155-5p. Our study increases the current number of verified miR-155-5p targets approximately threefold and exemplifies a method for verifying miRNA targetomes as a prerequisite for the analysis of miRNA-regulated cellular networks.</p>","PeriodicalId":21351,"journal":{"name":"RNA Biology","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11730359/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142932646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Identification of differentially expressed non-coding RNAs in the plasma of women with preterm birth. 早产妇女血浆中差异表达的非编码rna的鉴定。
IF 3.6 3区 生物学
RNA Biology Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-13 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2024.2449278
Waqasuddin Khan, Samiah Kanwar, Mohammad Mohsin Mannan, Furqan Kabir, Naveed Iqbal, Mehdia Nadeem Rajab Ali, Syeda Rehana Zia, Sharmeen Mian, Fatima Aziz, Sahrish Muneer, Adil Kalam, Akram Hussain, Iqra Javed, Muhammad Farrukh Qazi, Javairia Khalid, Muhammad Imran Nisar, Fyezah Jehan
{"title":"Identification of differentially expressed non-coding RNAs in the plasma of women with preterm birth.","authors":"Waqasuddin Khan, Samiah Kanwar, Mohammad Mohsin Mannan, Furqan Kabir, Naveed Iqbal, Mehdia Nadeem Rajab Ali, Syeda Rehana Zia, Sharmeen Mian, Fatima Aziz, Sahrish Muneer, Adil Kalam, Akram Hussain, Iqra Javed, Muhammad Farrukh Qazi, Javairia Khalid, Muhammad Imran Nisar, Fyezah Jehan","doi":"10.1080/15476286.2024.2449278","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15476286.2024.2449278","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to identify differentially expressed non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) associated with preterm birth (PTB) and determine biological pathways being influenced in the context of PTB. We processed cell-free RNA sequencing data and identified seventeen differentially expressed (DE) ncRNAs that could be involved in the onset of PTB. Per the validation via customized RT-qPCR, the recorded variations in expressions of eleven ncRNAs were concordant with the <i>in-silico</i> analyses. The results of this study provide insights into the role of DE ncRNAs and their impact on pregnancy-related biological pathways that could lead to PTB. Further studies are required to elucidate the precise mechanisms by which these DE ncRNAs contribute to adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs) and their potential as diagnostic biomarkers.</p>","PeriodicalId":21351,"journal":{"name":"RNA Biology","volume":"22 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11730358/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142971981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
EIciRNAs in focus: current understanding and future perspectives. 关注eicirna:当前的理解和未来的观点。
IF 3.6 3区 生物学
RNA Biology Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-23 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2024.2443876
Yan Yang, Yinchun Zhong, Liang Chen
{"title":"EIciRNAs in focus: current understanding and future perspectives.","authors":"Yan Yang, Yinchun Zhong, Liang Chen","doi":"10.1080/15476286.2024.2443876","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15476286.2024.2443876","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a unique class of covalently closed single-stranded RNA molecules that play diverse roles in normal physiology and pathology. Among the major types of circRNA, exon-intron circRNA (EIciRNA) distinguishes itself by its sequence composition and nuclear localization. Recent RNA-seq technologies and computational methods have facilitated the detection and characterization of EIciRNAs, with features like circRNA intron retention (CIR) and tissue-specificity being characterized. EIciRNAs have been identified to exert their functions via mechanisms such as regulating gene transcription, and the physiological relevance of EIciRNAs has been reported. Within this review, we present a summary of the current understanding of EIciRNAs, delving into their identification and molecular functions. Additionally, we emphasize factors regulating EIciRNA biogenesis and the physiological roles of EIciRNAs based on recent research. We also discuss the future challenges in EIciRNA exploration, underscoring the potential for novel functions and functional mechanisms of EIciRNAs for further investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":21351,"journal":{"name":"RNA Biology","volume":"22 1","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142877855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Evolution of the RNA alternative decay cis element into a high-affinity target for the immunomodulatory protein Roquin.
IF 3.6 3区 生物学
RNA Biology Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-13 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2024.2448391
Jan-Niklas Tants, Katharina Friedrich, Jasmina Neumann, Andreas Schlundt
{"title":"Evolution of the RNA alternative decay <i>cis</i> element into a high-affinity target for the immunomodulatory protein Roquin.","authors":"Jan-Niklas Tants, Katharina Friedrich, Jasmina Neumann, Andreas Schlundt","doi":"10.1080/15476286.2024.2448391","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15476286.2024.2448391","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>RNA <i>cis</i> elements play pivotal roles in regulatory processes, e.g. in transcriptional and translational regulation. Two stem-looped <i>cis</i> elements, the constitutive and alternative decay elements (CDE and ADE, respectively) are shape-specifically recognized in mRNA 3' untranslated regions (UTRs) by the immune-regulatory protein Roquin. Roquin initiates mRNA decay and contributes to balanced transcript levels required for immune homoeostasis. While the interaction of Roquin with several CDEs is described, our knowledge about ADE complex formation is limited to the mRNA of <i>Ox40</i>, a gene encoding a T-cell costimulatory receptor. The <i>Ox40</i> 3'UTR comprises both a CDE and ADE, each sufficient for Roquin-mediated control. Opposed to highly conserved and abundant CDE structures, ADEs are rarer, but predicted to exhibit a greater structural heterogeneity. This raises the question of how and when two structurally distinct <i>cis</i> elements evolved as equal target motifs for Roquin. Using an interdisciplinary approach, we here monitor the evolution of sequence and structure features of the <i>Ox40</i> ADE across species. We designed RNA variants to probe en-detail determinants steering Roquin-RNA complex formation. Specifically, those reveal the contribution of a second RNA-binding interface of Roquin for recognition of the ADE basal stem region. In sum, our study sheds light on how the conserved Roquin protein selected ADE-specific structural features to evolve a second high-affinity mRNA target <i>cis</i> element relevant for adaptive immune regulation. As our findings also allow expanding the RNA target spectrum of Roquin, the approach can serve a paradigm for understanding RNA-protein specificity through back-tracing the evolution of the RNA element.</p>","PeriodicalId":21351,"journal":{"name":"RNA Biology","volume":"22 1","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11730611/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143056062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Identification of deleterious non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms in the mRNA decay activator ZFP36L2. mRNA衰变激活子ZFP36L2中有害非同义单核苷酸多态性的鉴定。
IF 3.6 3区 生物学
RNA Biology Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-13 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2024.2437590
Betül Akçeşme, Hilal Hekimoğlu, Venkat R Chirasani, Şeyma İş, Habibe Nur Atmaca, Justin M Waldern, Silvia B V Ramos
{"title":"Identification of deleterious non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms in the mRNA decay activator ZFP36L2.","authors":"Betül Akçeşme, Hilal Hekimoğlu, Venkat R Chirasani, Şeyma İş, Habibe Nur Atmaca, Justin M Waldern, Silvia B V Ramos","doi":"10.1080/15476286.2024.2437590","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15476286.2024.2437590","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>More than 4,000 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) variants have been identified in the human <i>ZFP36L2</i> gene, however only a few have been studied in the context of protein function. The tandem zinc finger domain of ZFP36L2, an RNA binding protein, is the functional domain that binds to its target mRNAs. This protein/RNA interaction triggers mRNA degradation, controlling gene expression. We identified 32 non-synonymous SNPs (nsSNPs) in the tandem zinc finger domain of ZFP36L2 that could have possible deleterious impacts in humans. Using different bioinformatic strategies, we prioritized five among these 32 nsSNPs, namely rs375096815, rs1183688047, rs1214015428, rs1215671792 and rs920398592 to be validated. When we experimentally tested the functionality of these protein variants using gel shift assays, all five (Y154H, R160W, R184C, G204D, and C206F) resulted in a dramatic reduction in RNA binding compared to the WT protein. To understand the mechanistic effect of these variants on the protein/RNA interaction, we employed DUET, DynaMut and PyMOL to investigate structural changes in the protein. Additionally, we conducted Molecular Docking and Molecular Dynamics Simulations to fine tune the active behaviour of this biomolecular system at an atomic level. Our results propose atomic explanations for the impact of each of these five genetic variants identified.</p>","PeriodicalId":21351,"journal":{"name":"RNA Biology","volume":"22 1","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142819035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Germ granule-mediated mRNA storage and translational control.
IF 3.6 3区 生物学
RNA Biology Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-06 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2025.2462276
Hoang-Anh Pham-Bui, Mihye Lee
{"title":"Germ granule-mediated mRNA storage and translational control.","authors":"Hoang-Anh Pham-Bui, Mihye Lee","doi":"10.1080/15476286.2025.2462276","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15476286.2025.2462276","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Germ cells depend on specialized post-transcriptional regulation for proper development and function, much of which is mediated by dynamic RNA granules. These membrane-less organelles form through the condensation of RNA and proteins, governed by multivalent biomolecular interactions. RNA granules compartmentalize cellular components, selectively enriching specific factors and modulating biochemical reactions. Over recent decades, various types of RNA granules have been identified in germ cells across species, with extensive studies uncovering their molecular roles and developmental significance. This review explores the mRNA regulatory mechanisms mediated by RNA granules in germ cells. We discuss the distinct spatial organization of specific granule components and the variations in material states of germ granules, which contribute to the regulation of mRNA storage and translation. Additionally, we highlight emerging research on how changes in these material states, during developmental stages, reflect the dynamic nature of germ granules and their critical role in development.</p>","PeriodicalId":21351,"journal":{"name":"RNA Biology","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143080907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Correction. 修正。
IF 3.6 3区 生物学
RNA Biology Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-07 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2025.2449742
{"title":"Correction.","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/15476286.2025.2449742","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15476286.2025.2449742","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21351,"journal":{"name":"RNA Biology","volume":"22 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142954219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
RNA diagnostics and therapeutics: a comprehensive review. RNA诊断和治疗:综述。
IF 3.6 3区 生物学
RNA Biology Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-03 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2024.2449277
Adeela Fathima Saju, Aditi Mukundan, Divyashree Ms, Raghu Chandrashekhar, Archana Mahadev Rao
{"title":"RNA diagnostics and therapeutics: a comprehensive review.","authors":"Adeela Fathima Saju, Aditi Mukundan, Divyashree Ms, Raghu Chandrashekhar, Archana Mahadev Rao","doi":"10.1080/15476286.2024.2449277","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15476286.2024.2449277","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>RNA-focused therapy and diagnostics have been making waves in molecular biology due to the advantages RNA has over DNA; for instance, the ability of RNA to target nearly any genetic component in the cell is a big step in treating disorders. Moreover, RNA-based diagnosis of diseases is only becoming increasingly popular, especially after the COVID-19 pandemic, which brought up the need for cost-effective and efficient diagnosing kits for the vast majority. RNA-based techniques also have close to no risk of genotoxicity and can efficiently target undruggable regions of the cell. RNA treatments have effectively shown the future of the medical industry in the past couple of decades, and they will only be seen to improve. This review paper provides an overview on the different techniques that use RNA-based approaches in the field of diagnostics and therapeutics.</p>","PeriodicalId":21351,"journal":{"name":"RNA Biology","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142915525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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