Rubber Chemistry and Technology最新文献_第3页

INFLUENCE OF POLAR MODIFIERS ON THE ANIONIC SOLUTION 1,3-BUTADIENE POLYMERIZATIONS 极性改性剂对阴离子溶液 1，3-丁二烯聚合的影响

IF 1.5 4区工程技术

Rubber Chemistry and Technology Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.5254/rct.23.306867

Mateus K. Vasconcelos, Lys H. R. Mangia, Jessica B. Alves, Juliana Fidalgo, Maxmiliano Tatagiba, Luis F. Nicolini, Frederico W. Gomes, José Carlos Pinto

{"title":"INFLUENCE OF POLAR MODIFIERS ON THE ANIONIC SOLUTION 1,3-BUTADIENE POLYMERIZATIONS","authors":"Mateus K. Vasconcelos, Lys H. R. Mangia, Jessica B. Alves, Juliana Fidalgo, Maxmiliano Tatagiba, Luis F. Nicolini, Frederico W. Gomes, José Carlos Pinto","doi":"10.5254/rct.23.306867","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5254/rct.23.306867","url":null,"abstract":"This work addresses the critical technological challenge of producing butadiene-based synthetic rubbers with the required skid resistance through anionic polymerizations at positive temperatures. The effects of adding different polar modifiers—bis[2-(N,N-dimethylamino)ethyl] ether (BDMAE), ditetrahydrofurylpropane, tetramethylethylenediamine, sodium stearate, sodium palmitate, and sodium tert-amilate—into the monomer feed in anionic solution polymerizations of 1,3-butadiene are investigated. Different feed concentrations and combinations of polar modifiers were tested to achieve high yields and vinyl contents with initial temperature of 40 °C. The reactions were evaluated according to the obtained temperature and pressure profiles and physico-chemical characterizations of the obtained polymer, with the aid of statistical analyses. The results clearly showed the positive effects of using polar modifiers in the feed. Particularly, the combination of BDMAE and sodium salts provided products with high vinyl contents (>50 mol%) with high yields (>80 wt%), leading to high temperature peaks (>90 °C), as desired to enhance skid resistance. Moreover, the performed statistical analyses and proposed mathematical modeling revealed the existence of multivariate and complex correlations among the analyzed process variables. The findings from this investigation can be pivotal for advancing industrial applications in the production of skid-resistant synthetic rubber.","PeriodicalId":21349,"journal":{"name":"Rubber Chemistry and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140595278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

NUMERICAL IMPLEMENTATION OF THE TSCHOEGL–CHANG–BLOCH NONLINEAR VISCOELASTIC CONSTITUTIVE LAW FOR UNVULCANIZED CARBON BLACK–FILLED RUBBERS 未硫化碳黑填充橡胶的 Tschoegl-chang-Bloch 非线性粘弹性构成定律的数值实现

IF 1.5 4区工程技术

Rubber Chemistry and Technology Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.5254/rct.24.273399

Mahmoud C. Assaad

{"title":"NUMERICAL IMPLEMENTATION OF THE TSCHOEGL–CHANG–BLOCH NONLINEAR VISCOELASTIC CONSTITUTIVE LAW FOR UNVULCANIZED CARBON BLACK–FILLED RUBBERS","authors":"Mahmoud C. Assaad","doi":"10.5254/rct.24.273399","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5254/rct.24.273399","url":null,"abstract":"Rubber engineering design analysis requires a fundamental understanding of the mechanical behavior of polymers, especially in their unvulcanized state. It necessitates the establishment of a three-dimensional constitutive material to account for the observed mechanical behavior. This law is required to produce realistic descriptions of the viscoelastic performance in a mathematically simple form that is easy to implement in engineering applications. This article describes the theory of the Tschoegl–Chang–Bloch time-dependent nonlinear viscoelastic constitutive law. The experimental verification of this law is provided under different deformation fields and multiple load steps. Laboratory test procedures to obtain the parameters required to describe the material under consideration are provided in detail. A recursive form of the constitutive law, suitable for finite element application, is derived and coded in the finite element commercial code Abaqus via the user subroutine UMAT. Comparisons between the experimental observations, the theoretical results, and the numerical data are drawn for simple test models examined under creep or shear relaxation conditions. The excellent agreements observed indicate the suitability of the governing law in analyzing viscoelastic problems of unvulcanized carbon black–filled rubbers.","PeriodicalId":21349,"journal":{"name":"Rubber Chemistry and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140595543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

VULCANIZATION OF STYRENE–BUTADIENE RUBBER WITH THE USE OF POLYSULFIDE SULFUR DONORS OF CONTROLLED STRUCTURE 使用结构可控的多硫化物硫给体硫化丁苯橡胶

IF 1.5 4区工程技术

Rubber Chemistry and Technology Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.5254/rct.24.084051

Jakub Wręczycki, Dariusz M. Bieliński, Tomasz Gozdek, Grzegorz Mlostoń

引用次数: 0

Compatibility Study of Hydrocarbon Resins with Rubber Compounds for Tire Applications 碳氢化合物树脂与轮胎用橡胶化合物的兼容性研究

IF 1.5 4区工程技术

Rubber Chemistry and Technology Pub Date : 2024-03-26 DOI: 10.5254/rct-d-23-00043

Liwei Yu, Howard Colvin, Joseph J. Rosmus, Timothy E. Calabrese, Louis A. Benvenuti

{"title":"Compatibility Study of Hydrocarbon Resins with Rubber Compounds for Tire Applications","authors":"Liwei Yu, Howard Colvin, Joseph J. Rosmus, Timothy E. Calabrese, Louis A. Benvenuti","doi":"10.5254/rct-d-23-00043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5254/rct-d-23-00043","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The addition of hydrocarbon resins to rubber compounds has a significant impact on their properties such as wet grip and rolling resistance. These performance characteristics have a strong correlation with the compatibility of the resin with the rubber matrix. Incompatible resins can cause excessive broadening of the damping curve which results in poor rolling resistance. Compatibility, however, allows maximization of wet grip while minimizing the effect on rolling resistance. Compatibility is promoted by lower resin molecular weight and structural similarity to the polymers being blended. In this study, a method based on the Fox equation has been developed to quantitatively characterize the compatibility between resin and natural rubber (NR), a binary system. The Dynamic Shear Rheometer (DSR), a tool new to the tire industry, is utilized to investigate the interaction between resin and two rubbers, i.e., a ternary system of natural rubber (NR)/butadiene rubber (BR)/Resin and solution polymerized styrene butadiene rubber (SSBR)/butadiene rubber (BR)/Resin, with a specific emphasis on resin partitioning among rubber blends. Additionally, the DSR is applied to assess the Tg shift and tangent delta peak height, providing insight into the compatibility between rubbers and resin. A curve-fitting model was developed for SSBR/BR/Resin system to depict the relationship between these two parameters and the physical and chemical properties of resins, with the selection of resins featuring different degrees of aromaticity, Tg, and molecular weight. The findings indicated that higher Tg, increased aromaticity, and lower molecular weight of the resin resulted in an elevated Tg shift in the blend, while lower molecular weight led to an increase in the tangent delta peak height. Our findings supply insight into the performance of rubber/resin blends and introduce a new screening tool for characterizing these blends in their green state.","PeriodicalId":21349,"journal":{"name":"Rubber Chemistry and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140378835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

NUMERICAL IMPLEMENTATION OF THE TSCHOEGL–CHANG–BLOCH NONLINEAR VISCOELASTIC CONSTITUTIVE LAW FOR UNVULCANIZED CARBON BLACK–FILLED RUBBERS 未硫化碳黑填充橡胶的 Tschoegl-chang-Bloch 非线性粘弹性构成定律的数值实现

IF 1.5 4区工程技术

Rubber Chemistry and Technology Pub Date : 2024-02-16 DOI: 10.5254/rct-24.273399

Mahmoud C. Assaad

{"title":"NUMERICAL IMPLEMENTATION OF THE TSCHOEGL–CHANG–BLOCH NONLINEAR VISCOELASTIC CONSTITUTIVE LAW FOR UNVULCANIZED CARBON BLACK–FILLED RUBBERS","authors":"Mahmoud C. Assaad","doi":"10.5254/rct-24.273399","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5254/rct-24.273399","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Rubber engineering design analysis requires a fundamental understanding of the mechanical behavior of polymers, especially in their unvulcanized state. It necessitates the establishment of a three-dimensional constitutive material to account for the observed mechanical behavior. This law is required to produce realistic descriptions of the viscoelastic performance in a mathematically simple form that is easy to implement in engineering applications. This article describes the theory of the Tschoegl–Chang–Bloch time-dependent nonlinear viscoelastic constitutive law. The experimental verification of this law is provided under different deformation fields and multiple load steps. Laboratory test procedures to obtain the parameters required to describe the material under consideration are provided in detail. A recursive form of the constitutive law, suitable for finite element application, is derived and coded in the finite element commercial code Abaqus via the user subroutine UMAT. Comparisons between the experimental observations, the theoretical results, and the numerical data are drawn for simple test models examined under creep or shear relaxation conditions. The excellent agreements observed indicate the suitability of the governing law in analyzing viscoelastic problems of unvulcanized carbon black–filled rubbers.","PeriodicalId":21349,"journal":{"name":"Rubber Chemistry and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139961535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Vulcanization of styrene-butadiene rubber with the use of polysulfide sulfur-donors of controlled structure 使用结构可控的多硫化硫给体硫化丁苯橡胶

IF 1.5 4区工程技术

Rubber Chemistry and Technology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.5254/rct-d-23-00044

Jakub Wręczycki, D. Bieliński, T. Gozdek, Grzegorz Mlostoń

引用次数: 0

INVESTIGATING THE DEPENDENCE OF ELASTOMERIC FRACTURE ON TEMPERATURE AND RATE 研究弹性断裂与温度和速率的关系

IF 1.5 4区工程技术

Rubber Chemistry and Technology Pub Date : 2023-12-30 DOI: 10.5254/rct.23.033084

Shi-Qing Wang, Zehao Fan

{"title":"INVESTIGATING THE DEPENDENCE OF ELASTOMERIC FRACTURE ON TEMPERATURE AND RATE","authors":"Shi-Qing Wang, Zehao Fan","doi":"10.5254/rct.23.033084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5254/rct.23.033084","url":null,"abstract":"Decades of elastomeric fracture phenomenology resulting from the work of Thomas and Smith demonstrated the remarkable fact that rubbers are stronger and tougher at lower temperatures. The prevailing explanation relates the fracture behavior to polymer viscoelasticity. Given the recent insight and evidence that toughness is influenced by material strength, we examine elastomeric fracture with a different perspective and conclude that chain scission dictates fracture characteristics, including its temperature dependence. Working within selected temperature ranges, stretching is shown to be entirely elastic at a stretching rate less than 0.17 s−1. We demonstrate that the same temperature and rate dependencies of strength and toughness, observed by Thomas and Smith, also occur in our crosslinked polybutadiene and styrene–butadiene rubber. The temperature effects on rate dependence of strength and toughness are found to be much stronger than that prescribed by the Williams–Landel–Ferry shift factor aT. Moreover, crack propagates, upon either stepwise stretching or during creep, at a much lower speed at lower temperature that cannot be rationalized with polymer relaxation dynamics. Our new interpretation is that a carbon–carbon bond is stronger at a lower temperature. Because backbone bonds are more stable, a higher degree of network stretching occurs before rupture at lower temperatures.","PeriodicalId":21349,"journal":{"name":"Rubber Chemistry and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140197467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Influence of Polar Modifiers on the Anionic Solution 1,3-Butadiene Polymerization 极性改性剂对阴离子溶液 1,3-丁二烯聚合的影响

IF 1.5 4区工程技术

Rubber Chemistry and Technology Pub Date : 2023-12-07 DOI: 10.5254/rct-23.306867

M. Vasconcelos, L. H. R. Mangia, J. B. Alves, Juliana Fidalgo, M. Tatagiba, Luis F. Nicolini, Frederico W. Gomes, José Carlos Pinto

{"title":"Influence of Polar Modifiers on the Anionic Solution 1,3-Butadiene Polymerization","authors":"M. Vasconcelos, L. H. R. Mangia, J. B. Alves, Juliana Fidalgo, M. Tatagiba, Luis F. Nicolini, Frederico W. Gomes, José Carlos Pinto","doi":"10.5254/rct-23.306867","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5254/rct-23.306867","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The present work addresses the critical technological challenge of producing butadiene-based synthetic rubbers with the required skid resistance through anionic polymerizations at positive temperatures. Here, the effects of adding different polar modifiers (bis[2-(N,N-dimethylamino)ethyl] ether, BDMAE; ditetrahydrofurylpropane, DTHFP; tetramethylethylenediamine, TMEDA; sodium stearate, SS; sodium palmitate, SP; sodium tert-amilate, ST) into the monomer feed in anionic solution polymerizations of 1,3-butadiene are investigated. Different feed concentrations and combinations of polar modifiers were tested in order to achieve high yields and vinyl contents with initial temperature of 40 °C. The reactions were evaluated according to the obtained temperature and pressure profiles and physico-chemical characterizations of the obtained polymer, with help of statistical analyses. The results clearly showed the positive effects of using polar modifiers in the feed. Particularly, the combination of BDMAE and sodium salts provided products with high vinyl contents (> 50 %mol) with high yields (> 80 wt%), leading to high temperature peaks (> 90 °C), as desired to enhance the skid resistance. Moreover, the performed statistical analyses and proposed mathematical modeling revealed the existence of multivariate and complex correlations among the analyzed process variables. The findings from this investigation can be pivotal for advancing industrial applications in the production of skid-resistant synthetic rubber.","PeriodicalId":21349,"journal":{"name":"Rubber Chemistry and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138590373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Remembering Dr. Graham Johnson Lake (1935–2023) 缅怀格雷厄姆-约翰逊-莱克博士（1935-2023）

IF 1.5 4区工程技术

Rubber Chemistry and Technology Pub Date : 2023-11-22 DOI: 10.5254/rct-23.498080

引用次数: 0

STRESS CONCENTRATIONS ASSOCIATED WITH RUBBER TO METAL BONDS 与橡胶和金属键有关的应力集中

4区工程技术

Rubber Chemistry and Technology Pub Date : 2023-11-08 DOI: 10.5254/rct-23.611182

Julia Gough, A H Muhr

引用次数: 0