Revista Espanola De Enfermedades Digestivas最新文献

筛选
英文 中文
What weighs most is what we do not say. 最重要的是我们不说的话。
IF 4.8 4区 医学
Revista Espanola De Enfermedades Digestivas Pub Date : 2026-10-01 DOI: 10.17235/reed.2026.11869/2026
Sarbelio Rodríguez Muñoz
{"title":"What weighs most is what we do not say.","authors":"Sarbelio Rodríguez Muñoz","doi":"10.17235/reed.2026.11869/2026","DOIUrl":"10.17235/reed.2026.11869/2026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To our knowledge, formally established and systematically evaluated second-victim support programmes are not widely implemented or reported in Spanish endoscopy units. Collegiality and goodwill may exist, but identifiable and measurable programmes remain uncommon. Recognising and sharing existing initiatives would be an essential first step, not as \"soft psychology,\" but as patient safety, talent retention, and serious medicine. What we carry that is visible has weight. But what we do not say weighs far more.</p>","PeriodicalId":21342,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola De Enfermedades Digestivas","volume":" ","pages":"549-551"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147284928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Crohn's disease, vedolizumab and autoinmmune hemolytic anemia: coincidence or causality? 克罗恩病、维多单抗和自身免疫性溶血性贫血:巧合还是因果关系?
IF 4.8 4区 医学
Revista Espanola De Enfermedades Digestivas Pub Date : 2026-10-01 DOI: 10.17235/reed.2026.11879/2026
Rubén Alvarado Jara, José Lázaro Pérez Calle, Laura Igualada Escribano, Juan Ángel Ferrer, Marta Quiñones Calvo, Rosalía González Ruiz, Pilar López Serrano
{"title":"Crohn's disease, vedolizumab and autoinmmune hemolytic anemia: coincidence or causality?","authors":"Rubén Alvarado Jara, José Lázaro Pérez Calle, Laura Igualada Escribano, Juan Ángel Ferrer, Marta Quiñones Calvo, Rosalía González Ruiz, Pilar López Serrano","doi":"10.17235/reed.2026.11879/2026","DOIUrl":"10.17235/reed.2026.11879/2026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) is an autoimmune destruction of red blood cells, usually mediated by immunoglobulin G (IgG) and/or immunoglobulin M (IgM). We present the case of a 75-year-old woman diagnosed with Crohn's disease (CD) who developed AIHA while receiving treatment with vedolizumab. We think that this report is important to add evidence of this possible association and most of all, underscores the importance of maintaining a high index of suspicion in patients with severe anemia and IBD undergoing treatment with novel therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":21342,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola De Enfermedades Digestivas","volume":" ","pages":"605-606"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147475093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Comment on safety of thiopurines in inflammatory bowel diseases: neither good nor bad. 评论:“硫嘌呤治疗炎症性肠病的安全性:既不太好,也不太坏”。
IF 4.8 4区 医学
Revista Espanola De Enfermedades Digestivas Pub Date : 2026-10-01 DOI: 10.17235/reed.2026.11861/2026
Francisca Carvajal, Rodrigo Quera, Gonzalo Pizarro, Christian von Mühlenbrock, Paulina Núñez
{"title":"Comment on safety of thiopurines in inflammatory bowel diseases: neither good nor bad.","authors":"Francisca Carvajal, Rodrigo Quera, Gonzalo Pizarro, Christian von Mühlenbrock, Paulina Núñez","doi":"10.17235/reed.2026.11861/2026","DOIUrl":"10.17235/reed.2026.11861/2026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In recent decades, the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has changed markedly. Several biological therapies and small molecules have been approved, leading to improved outcomes and quality of life of these patients. However, access to these new therapies is heterogeneous across different countries. In this scenario, the use of thiopurines, through personalized treatment, remain a valid option.</p>","PeriodicalId":21342,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola De Enfermedades Digestivas","volume":" ","pages":"597-599"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147284863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Intestinal obstruction by Meckel's diverticulum in stricturing Crohn's disease: coincidence? 狭窄性克罗恩病中梅克尔憩室引起的肠梗阻:巧合?
IF 4.8 4区 医学
Revista Espanola De Enfermedades Digestivas Pub Date : 2026-10-01 DOI: 10.17235/reed.2026.11874/2026
Teresa Ortiz Muñoz, Alberto García Picazo, Francisca Moreno Nisa, Pablo Puente López, Constantino Fondevila Campo
{"title":"Intestinal obstruction by Meckel's diverticulum in stricturing Crohn's disease: coincidence?","authors":"Teresa Ortiz Muñoz, Alberto García Picazo, Francisca Moreno Nisa, Pablo Puente López, Constantino Fondevila Campo","doi":"10.17235/reed.2026.11874/2026","DOIUrl":"10.17235/reed.2026.11874/2026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We report the case of a 56-year-old male with a long-standing history of stricturing CD involving distal ileum. He had previously been treated with multiple biologics agents (infliximab, adalimumab, ustekinumab) due to persistent stenotic disease requiring repeated endoscopic ileal dilations. He presented to the emergency department with a two-week history of generalized abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting. Physical examination revealed diffuse abdominal tenderness and distension without signs of peritonism. Laboratory tests were unremarkable. Abdominal radiography demonstrated dilated small bowel loops and CT scan suggested an incomplete ileal obstruction secondary to an intraluminal foreign body.</p>","PeriodicalId":21342,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola De Enfermedades Digestivas","volume":" ","pages":"601-602"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147284904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Improvement in perianal pathology and quality of life after bariatric surgery: prospective multicentric study with 12-month follow-up. 减肥手术后肛周病理和生活质量的改善:前瞻性多中心研究,随访12个月。
IF 4.8 4区 医学
Revista Espanola De Enfermedades Digestivas Pub Date : 2026-10-01 DOI: 10.17235/reed.2025.11639/2025
Manuel Ferrer-Márquez, Manuel García-Redondo, Ana María Fernández-Alonso, Francisco Rubio-Gil, Débora Acín-Gándara, Elisabet Vidaña Márquez, Ricardo Belda Lozano, Ángel Reina Duarte
{"title":"Improvement in perianal pathology and quality of life after bariatric surgery: prospective multicentric study with 12-month follow-up.","authors":"Manuel Ferrer-Márquez, Manuel García-Redondo, Ana María Fernández-Alonso, Francisco Rubio-Gil, Débora Acín-Gándara, Elisabet Vidaña Márquez, Ricardo Belda Lozano, Ángel Reina Duarte","doi":"10.17235/reed.2025.11639/2025","DOIUrl":"10.17235/reed.2025.11639/2025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>bariatric surgery provides good weight-loss results over the medium to long term, improving a significant number of comorbidities. Benign anal pathology is common. In addition, obesity is part of the pathophysiology of some of these diseases.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>the aim of this study was to describe and analyze benign anal pathology in obese patients who were candidates for bariatric surgery, as well as to assess its evolution after 12 months following weight-loss surgery.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>a descriptive, prospective, multicenter study was designed. Seventy patients who were candidates for bariatric surgery were included. At first contact, initial descriptive variables (weight, body mass index [BMI], etc.) were collected, a perianal examination was performed, and quality-of-life questionnaires (SF12v2, HEMO-FISS-QoL) were completed. The second contact took place 12 months after surgery, in which the variables and questionnaires were recorded again.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>at 12 months from the intervention, a significant decrease in both the prevalence of symptomatic internal hemorrhoids and external hemorrhoids (p < 0.001) was observed. The mean number of acute hidradenitis suppurativa flare-ups decreased significantly, to 0.22 over the preceding six months (p < 0.001). Quality of life improved significantly, both generally and in relation to perianal pathology.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>patients who underwent bariatric surgery using restrictive and hypoabsorptive techniques showed an improvement in their perianal pathology, as well as a significant improvement in their quality of life. To consolidate these results, more studies are required that encompass a larger number of patients and a longer follow-up period.</p>","PeriodicalId":21342,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola De Enfermedades Digestivas","volume":" ","pages":"578-585"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145541754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Short and medium-term outcomes of ustekinumab biosimilar in patients with Crohn's disease in naïve patients and after switching from originator. ustekinumab生物类似药在naïve患者和从起始药转换后的克罗恩病患者的中短期结局
IF 4.8 4区 医学
Revista Espanola De Enfermedades Digestivas Pub Date : 2026-10-01 DOI: 10.17235/reed.2026.11878/2026
Esteban Fuentes-Valenzuela, Irene Chivato Martín-Falquina, José Antonio Olmos Jerez, María Del Carmen López-Martín, Almudena Calvache, Marina Gil Santana, Carlos Castaño Milla, Alicia Bejerano Domínguez
{"title":"Short and medium-term outcomes of ustekinumab biosimilar in patients with Crohn's disease in naïve patients and after switching from originator.","authors":"Esteban Fuentes-Valenzuela, Irene Chivato Martín-Falquina, José Antonio Olmos Jerez, María Del Carmen López-Martín, Almudena Calvache, Marina Gil Santana, Carlos Castaño Milla, Alicia Bejerano Domínguez","doi":"10.17235/reed.2026.11878/2026","DOIUrl":"10.17235/reed.2026.11878/2026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recently ustekinumab biosimilar has been aproved for the treatment of patients with Crohn's Disease. This retrospective bicentric study aimed to evaluate the short- and medium-term effectiveness and safety of UB in ustekinumab-naïve patients and after switching from the originator.</p>","PeriodicalId":21342,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola De Enfermedades Digestivas","volume":" ","pages":"602-604"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147514468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Shifting global patterns of early-onset gastrointestinal cancers: lessons from the Spanish trends. 全球早发性胃肠癌模式的转变:来自西班牙趋势的教训。
IF 4.8 4区 医学
Revista Espanola De Enfermedades Digestivas Pub Date : 2026-10-01 DOI: 10.17235/reed.2026.11866/2026
Manas Pustake
{"title":"Shifting global patterns of early-onset gastrointestinal cancers: lessons from the Spanish trends.","authors":"Manas Pustake","doi":"10.17235/reed.2026.11866/2026","DOIUrl":"10.17235/reed.2026.11866/2026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This letter meaningfully expands the recent Cayuela et al study published in this journal by situating Spain's observed early-onset gastrointestinal cancer trends within a robust global framework, using GLOBOCAN projections to distinguish declining age-standardised risk from shifting absolute burden driven by demographic change. By integrating HDI-stratified forecasts for early-onset stomach and oesophageal cancers, it reinforces the authors' interpretation of early-onset malignancies as sentinel indicators while avoiding overextension of national findings. Together, the study and this correspondence provide a more complete, policy-relevant narrative that links successful national prevention to emerging global inequities and future cancer control priorities.</p>","PeriodicalId":21342,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola De Enfermedades Digestivas","volume":" ","pages":"604-605"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147475106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
External validation of the CATCH Score for predicting clinically significant CT findings in acute Crohn's disease. CATCH评分预测急性克罗恩病临床重要CT表现的外部验证
IF 4.8 4区 医学
Revista Espanola De Enfermedades Digestivas Pub Date : 2026-09-30 DOI: 10.17235/reed.2026.12181/2026
Ömer Faruk Özkan, Mehmet Cindoruk, Ali Karataş, Haluk Cihad Albayrak, Tarkan Karakan, Murat Kekilli
{"title":"External validation of the CATCH Score for predicting clinically significant CT findings in acute Crohn's disease.","authors":"Ömer Faruk Özkan, Mehmet Cindoruk, Ali Karataş, Haluk Cihad Albayrak, Tarkan Karakan, Murat Kekilli","doi":"10.17235/reed.2026.12181/2026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17235/reed.2026.12181/2026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Abdominal computed tomography (CT) is frequently used to evaluate complications in acute Crohn's disease, although many examinations reveal no clinically significant findings.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To externally validate the original CATCH score for predicting clinically significant CT findings in patients with Crohn's disease undergoing abdominal CT for acute symptoms. As a secondary exploratory objective, we examined whether additional disease-related predictors could improve model performance.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included 202 eligible CT-associated presentations from 195 adults with Crohn's disease who underwent abdominal CT for acute symptoms between January 2020 and October 2023. The original CATCH score was externally validated. As a secondary exploratory analysis, the CATCH-AD model incorporating disease duration and previous intra-abdominal abscess was developed in the same cohort, with bootstrap resampling used for internal performance assessment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Clinically significant CT findings occurred in 62/202 presentations (30.7%). The original CATCH score showed good discrimination (AUC 0.892; 95% CI:0.842-0.935). At the prespecified original threshold of ≥1, sensitivity was 98.4%, specificity 58.6%, PPV 51.3%, and NPV 98.8%. A post hoc exploratory threshold of ≥2 increased specificity to 92.1% but reduced sensitivity to 67.7%. The exploratory CATCH-AD model showed an apparent AUC of 0.938 (95% CI: 0.900-0.976).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The original CATCH score showed good discrimination and a high negative predictive value at its prespecified threshold among patients with Crohn's disease already selected for abdominal CT. Exploratory model extensions developed in this cohort require independent external validation and should not be considered validated clinical prediction tools.</p>","PeriodicalId":21342,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola De Enfermedades Digestivas","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149081937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Rescue OTSC: salvage treatment for recurrent diverticular bleeding after failed conventional endoscopic hemostasis. 抢救性OTSC:常规内镜止血失败后复发性憩室出血的抢救治疗。
IF 4.8 4区 医学
Revista Espanola De Enfermedades Digestivas Pub Date : 2026-09-30 DOI: 10.17235/reed.2026.12238/2026
Maria Inês Viegas, Elisa Gravito-Soares, Marta Gravito-Soares, Pedro Amaro, Pedro Figueiredo
{"title":"Rescue OTSC: salvage treatment for recurrent diverticular bleeding after failed conventional endoscopic hemostasis.","authors":"Maria Inês Viegas, Elisa Gravito-Soares, Marta Gravito-Soares, Pedro Amaro, Pedro Figueiredo","doi":"10.17235/reed.2026.12238/2026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17235/reed.2026.12238/2026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 90-year-old woman, under apixaban for atrial fibrillation, presented to the emergency department with hemodynamically stable hematochezia. Upon admission, her hemoglobin level was 7.1 g/dL (N >11.8) and she received one unit of packed red blood cells. Rectosigmoidoscopy revealed a small diverticulum at the sigmoid colon with active oozing hemorrhage after aspiration of a fresh clot, which was treated with an injection of diluted epinephrine (1:10,000) and four through-the-scope (TTS) clips. Three days later, recurrent bleeding occurred requiring the application of two additional TTS clips in a visible vessel at the neck of the diverticulum. On the fifth day, an active pulsatile bleeding was identified adjacent to two TTS clips. Both clips were removed, and the contralateral wall was marked with methylene blue. An atraumatic over-the-scope clip (OTSC®, 11/6a, Ovesco Endoscopy AG, Tübingen, Germany) was deployed using a therapeutic gastroscope and gentle suction, achieving immediate hemostasis. No further rebleeding occurred and the patient was discharged after 10 days post-admission.</p>","PeriodicalId":21342,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola De Enfermedades Digestivas","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149082016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Family cluster screening may help identify hepatitis D virus infections among individuals from highly endemic regions. 家庭群集筛查可能有助于在高流行地区的个体中识别丁型肝炎病毒感染。
IF 4.8 4区 医学
Revista Espanola De Enfermedades Digestivas Pub Date : 2026-09-30 DOI: 10.17235/reed.2026.12194/2026
Carlos Alventosa-Mateu, María Dolores Ocete Mochón, Patricia Escrivá Pastor, Juan José Urquijo Ponce
{"title":"Family cluster screening may help identify hepatitis D virus infections among individuals from highly endemic regions.","authors":"Carlos Alventosa-Mateu, María Dolores Ocete Mochón, Patricia Escrivá Pastor, Juan José Urquijo Ponce","doi":"10.17235/reed.2026.12194/2026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17235/reed.2026.12194/2026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hepatitis D virus (HDV) infection is the most severe form of chronic viral hepatitis and may remain substantially underdiagnosed, particularly among individuals originating from highly endemic regions. We report a Romanian family cluster identified through cascade screening following the diagnosis of an index case living in Spain. Six household contacts and first-degree relatives underwent hepatitis B virus (HBV) and HDV screening, identifying three additional cases of chronic HDV infection. Notably, all affected individuals had advanced liver disease at diagnosis, and two subsequently required liver transplantation. Two patients reported having been aware of their HBV diagnosis but were no longer engaged to healthcare follow-up and had not undergone HDV screening. This family cluster highlights the potential value of cascade screening of household contacts and first-degree relatives for identifying HDV infection, particularly among families originating from HDV-endemic regions. It also illustrates the clinical consequences of delayed diagnosis, including presentation with advanced liver disease and limited therapeutic opportunities. Family cluster case-finding could therefore represent a useful complementary strategy to systematic HDV screening in at-risk populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":21342,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola De Enfermedades Digestivas","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149081934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
0
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
相关产品
×
本文献相关产品
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:604180095
Book学术官方微信
小红书