Reumatologia最新文献

{"title":"Low serum zonulin level in patients with systemic sclerosis.","authors":"Karolina Wąż, Eugeniusz J Kucharz, Magdalena Kopeć-Mędrek, Ewelina Machura-Porębska, Robert Pieczyrak, Przemysław Kotyla","doi":"10.5114/reum/194846","DOIUrl":"10.5114/reum/194846","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21312,"journal":{"name":"Reumatologia","volume":"62 5","pages":"389-390"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11635621/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142829821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Key personal insights and changing needs of osteoarthritis patients: an international quantitative survey analysis.","authors":"Zoltán Szekanecz, Diana Osadcii-Zaiat, András Bajkó, Hajnalka Minda, Dóra Szerencsés","doi":"10.5114/reum/195324","DOIUrl":"10.5114/reum/195324","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Osteoarthritis (OA) presents significant challenges, imposing limitations on patients' daily activities. Factors such as restricted mobility, sedentary lifestyles, social isolation, and weight gain can exacerbate the difficulties faced by these individuals. Our study aimed to identify the needs and personal challenges faced by individuals with OA, and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The research included a quantitative survey and a workshop involving a Scientific Leader Team. The quantitative survey was conducted among 400 patients in Bulgaria, Romania, Serbia, and Kazakhstan. All enrolled participants had experienced chronic musculoskeletal pain due to OA for at least three years and had received treatment with topical or oral medications. The cross-country workshop, conducted via Zoom, brought together prominent rheumatologists to discuss the survey results and explore patient support opportunities with healthcare providers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Over 60% of respondents reported that poor locomotor function adversely affected their daily activities. More than 50% stated that they had delayed treatment due to concerns about potential side effects, while over half expressed a desire for rapid pain relief. Approximately 30% of patients reported an increase in musculoskeletal complaints following the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. The proportion of online consultations rose significantly, increasing from 5% before the pandemic to 12% during it, before stabilizing at 9% in the post-pandemic period.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Patients with OA face considerable limitations in their daily lives, with a strong preference for immediate pain relief. Concerns about side effects lead many to postpone treatment. Over-the-counter anti-inflammatory creams and prescription oral anti-inflammatory drugs are the most used therapies. The pandemic negatively affected OA symptoms. Furthermore, the use of online channels for OA patient care increased during the COVID-19 pandemic.</p>","PeriodicalId":21312,"journal":{"name":"Reumatologia","volume":"62 6","pages":"398-404"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11758104/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143047700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacological considerations in pharmacotherapy of rheumatology patients with liver disease: a brief narrative review.","authors":"Saeedeh Shenavandeh, Seyed Alireza Taghavi, AliAkbar Nekooeian, Maryam Moini","doi":"10.5114/reum/191791","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/reum/191791","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The presence of chronic liver diseases such as metabolic dysfunction-associated steatosis liver disease, viral hepatitis, and cirrhosis may affect the treatment plan in patients with rheumatologic disorders, with concern about the adverse effects of the rheumatic medications on the course of liver disease. Advanced liver disease can change the elimination and activation of many drugs. In addition, there are concerns about the risk of viral reactivation after using biologics and immunosuppressants in patients with chronic viral hepatitis. This narrative review will assess the considerations that should be made before starting the most frequently used drugs in all common rheumatic diseases and patients with chronic liver diseases including chronic viral hepatitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":21312,"journal":{"name":"Reumatologia","volume":"62 4","pages":"282-293"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11457314/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142392881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical and laboratory pattern of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus seropositive for rheumatoid factor.","authors":"Oleg Iaremenko, Galyna Protsenko, Vitalii Dubas, Daria Koliadenko","doi":"10.5114/reum/192613","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/reum/192613","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The aim of the study was to investigate the associations between the presence and level of rheumatoid factor (RF) in the blood serum and the clinical and laboratory characteristics of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>This retrospective tricentric cross-sectional study analyzed a Ukrainian contingent of SLE patients. Medical records of 495 patients were evaluated. Rheumatoid factor serum concentration was tested in 206 of them (41.6%) using turbidimetry technique. Clinical manifestations, routine laboratory parameters, specific immunological tests, disease activity (SLEDAI-2K), and damage indices (SLICC/ACR DI) were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our study revealed that RF was elevated in 27.7% of patients. The RF-positive patients experienced a longer delay in SLE diagnosis (2.0 vs. 0.5 years, <i>p</i> = 0.046), less frequent kidney involvement (42.1% vs. 59.4%, <i>p</i> = 0.045) and fever (42.1% vs. 59.2%, <i>p</i> = 0.046), and more frequent lymphadenopathy (59.6% vs. 42.3%, <i>p</i> = 0.039) compared to RF-negative patients. Patients with RF positivity had higher levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and antinuclear antibody (ANA) titer, and were more frequently positive for antibodies to Ro/SSA and La/SSB. Rheumatoid factor concentration directly correlated with CRP (<i>r</i> = 0.318; <i>p</i> < 0.01) and ESR (<i>r</i> = 0.228; <i>p</i> = 0.04) levels. However, no associations were found between RF levels and SLEDAI-2K, joint involvement frequency, SLICC/ACR DI or drug therapy content. Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that RF positivity was independently associated with lymphadenopathy, presence of anti-Ro/SSA and anti-La/SSB antibodies, and negatively associated with kidney involvement.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In RF-seropositive SLE patients (approximately 28%), the diagnosis is established later compared to RF-seronegative ones; kidney involvement and fever are less common, while lymphadenopathy develops more frequently. Rheumatoid factor seropositivity is associated with higher levels of ESR, CRP, ANA, and the presence of antibodies to Ro/SSA and La/SSB. According to the results of univariate logistic regression analysis, an independent association with RF positivity was confirmed only for kidney involvement, lymphadenopathy, and antibodies to Ro/SSA and La/SSB.</p>","PeriodicalId":21312,"journal":{"name":"Reumatologia","volume":"62 4","pages":"226-234"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11457312/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142392877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) level among risk factors of ocular involvement in patients with Behçet's disease.","authors":"Rasha M Ghaleb, Hanan S Gad, Mohamed I Abdallah, Zaki M Zaki, Jehan A Mahmoud","doi":"10.5114/reum/194113","DOIUrl":"10.5114/reum/194113","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Ocular involvement is quite common in Behçet's disease (BD) and may cause crucial functional complications. Even though the mechanisms of BD remain unclear, advances in genetic and immunological fields have improved our understanding of the immunopathogenesis of BD ocular involvement. Little is known about the expression of a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) in terms of ocular involvement in BD. The objective of this study was to determine whether serum APRIL concentrations are associated with ocular involvement in patients with BD.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The study included 60 patients diagnosed with BD matched by age and sex to 30 healthy individuals. Every patient underwent a clinical evaluation, and the Behçet's Disease Current Activity Form (BDCAF) was utilized to quantify disease activity. All patients underwent a comprehensive ophthalmological assessment. Serum APRIL was assessed for patients as well as controls.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One or more ocular manifestations were found in 42 BD patients (70%), while 18 patients (30%) had no ocular involvement. The mean level of serum APRIL levels was markedly elevated in BD patients, particularly those with ocular involvement, compared to both BD patients without ocular involvement and healthy individuals. A statistically significant association was determined between high APRIL concentration and development of uveitis, cataract, and hypopyon. Cutaneous lesions and arthritis were strong independent predictors for ocular involvement in BD patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Overexpression of APRIL in patients with BD, particularly in terms of uveitis, cataract, and hypopyon, lends credence to the idea that B cell activating factors have an important function in BD. These findings may indicate that serum APRIL concentrations can differentiate a clinical subgroup of BD patients with ocular disease. As a result, finding a new therapeutic strategy targeting the APRIL pathway might be beneficial in BD patients suffering from ocular involvement.</p>","PeriodicalId":21312,"journal":{"name":"Reumatologia","volume":"62 5","pages":"314-321"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11635623/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142829723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Attitudes, practices and perceived barriers toward implementing non-pharmacological management for rheumatoid arthritis among rheumatologists: an online cross-sectional survey.","authors":"Fatine Kronbi, Hanan Rkain, Samya Ez-Zaoui, Nada Benzine, Redouane Abouqal, Jihane Belayachi, Najia Hajjaj-Hassouni, Latifa Tahiri, Fadoua Allali","doi":"10.5114/reum/191792","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/reum/191792","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Our study aimed to evaluate the integration level of non-pharmacological management (NPM) for rheumatoid arthritis (RA), analyze attitudes, practices, and perceived barriers towards NPM implementation, and identify factors contributing to the underutilization of non-pharmacological treatment in RA.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study was conducted among rheumatologists in Morocco. Rheumatologists received an online questionnaire gathering sociodemographic data, NPM integration level for RA, exploring their attitudes, practices and perceived barriers regarding the integration of NPM for RA, using a Likert scale ranging from 1 to 5. Univariate analyses were conducted to identify risk factors for under-integration of NPM for RA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 440 questionnaires sent, 132 rheumatologists responded to the survey (mean age of 44 ±12 years, 112 (84.8%) females, median professional experience of 15 years [4.7; 26.3]) with a response rate of 30%. All rheumatologists agreed on the importance of NPM integration into their practice with 130 (98.5%) supporting the necessity of tailored recommendations of NPM of RA for the Moroccan context. Sixty-nine (52.3%) reported a lack of NPM integration for RA. Only 36 (27.3%) consistently provided personalized NPM from RA diagnosis and 47 (35.6%) involved patients in decision-making. Comment perceived barriers included difficulties in organizing multidisciplinary care (122; 92.4%), difficulties with time management in consultation (119; 90.2%), and lack of multidisciplinary team members (116; 87.9%). In univariate analysis, lack of suitable training and lack of knowledge on NPM of RA were risk factors of under-integration of NPM of RA with respectively an odds ratio (OR) of 0.09, 95% CI: 0.01-0.86 and OR of 0.34, 95% CI: 0.15-0.76.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study revealed significant insufficiencies in the integration of NPM of RA among Moroccan rheumatologists. Perceived barriers, including insufficient training, lack of knowledge, and infrastructural limitations, hinder effective implementation. Addressing these through tailored education and multidisciplinary collaboration is essential for improving RA management.</p>","PeriodicalId":21312,"journal":{"name":"Reumatologia","volume":"62 4","pages":"250-258"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11457308/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142392875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-traumatic spinal cord injury - etiological profile and associated factors: single rheumatological center experience.","authors":"Yannick L T Bayala, Ismael Ayouba Tinni, Fulgence Kaboré, Aboubakar Ouédraogo, Enselme Y Zongo, Marcellin Bonkoungou, Joëlle Wendlassida Stéphanie Zabsonré-Tiendrebeogo, Dieu-Donné Ouédraogo","doi":"10.5114/reum/191753","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/reum/191753","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Non-traumatic spinal cord injury (NTSCI) represents a medical-surgical emergency. In Burkina Faso, limited data exist on the etiological profiles of this syndrome in rheumatology. This study aimed to describe the etiological profile of NTSCI in the Rheumatology Department of the University Hospital Center of Bogodogo (CHU-B).</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>This was a cross-sectional, retrospective study with descriptive and analytical aims, conducted from March 1, 2017, to December 31, 2023, in the Rheumatology Department of CHU-B. Patients diagnosed with non-traumatic spinal cord compression syndrome during hospitalization were included.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The frequency in the Rheumatology Department of NTSCI was 2.94%, accounting for 104 patients. There were 68 men (65.38%), with a sex ratio of 1.88. The average age of the population was 57.91 years. All patients experienced back pain, with a lumbar location in 77 patients (74.04%). The average duration of the motor deficit was 2.97 months. A total of 3,532 patients were admitted to the conventional hospitalization unit of the Rheumatology Department at the CHU-B from March 1, 2017, to December 31, 2023. Among these, 104 patients had NTSCI, yielding a frequency of 2.94%. Spinal MRI was performed in 58 patients (55.77%), and the compression was extradural in 76.92% of cases (<i>n</i> = 80). The etiologies identified were Pott's disease in 32 patients (30.77%), followed by spinal metastases in 22 patients (21.15%). Twenty-nine patients (27.89%) experienced complications related to prolonged bed rest. No factor was significantly associated with the recovery of the motor deficit.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Non-traumatic spinal cord injury is relatively rare in rheumatological practice in Ouagadougou. The etiology is predominantly Pott's disease, which confirms the geographical distribution of NTSCI causes.</p>","PeriodicalId":21312,"journal":{"name":"Reumatologia","volume":"62 4","pages":"259-265"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11457313/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142392880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early predictive factors in routine clinical practice for rituximab therapy response in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.","authors":"Evgenija Mihajloska, Aleksandar Dimkovski, Aleksandra Grozdanova, Ana Vasilevska, Dubravka Antova, Zorica Naumovska, Aleksandra Kapedanovska Nestorovska, Zoran Sterjev, Bashkim Osmani, Ljubica Shuturkova","doi":"10.5114/reum/189780","DOIUrl":"10.5114/reum/189780","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Identifying early predictive factors of how rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients respond to rituximab (RTX) treatment is crucial for both individual treatment outcome and the improvement of clinical practice overall. This study aimed to identify early predictive factors available in standard clinical practice for predicting RTX treatment outcomes in RA patients.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Data on seventy patients diagnosed with RA treated with RTX (two 1,000 mg doses 2 weeks apart or two 500 mg doses 2 weeks apart) were retrospectively collected. Baseline information collected at the initiation of RTX treatment included patient characteristics such as age, sex, disease duration, disease activity, Health Assessment Questionnaire score, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, and serological status regarding rheumatoid factor (RF) and anti-cyclic citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA). Clinical responses were analyzed 6 months after RTX initiation using the European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology criteria. Potential predictors associated with positive RTX response at 6 months were identified using a multivariate ordinal logistic regression model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The analysis showed that persistently active RA disease, Disease Activity Score with 28-joint count (DAS28) values at the treatment onset and after 3 months, along with erythrocyte sedimentation rate at treatment initiation, were negatively correlated with the response to RTX therapy (<i>p</i> < 0.05). All these correlations were statistically significant at the 99% confidence interval. The correlation and logistic regression analyses indicate that there are no significant association between RF and ACPA concerning therapy response, despite a higher number of RTX responders in the seropositive groups. Additionally, the study emphasizes the prognostic significance of the DAS28 value at treatment initiation in predicting therapy response at 6 months.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The optimal model for predicting RTX response at 6 months involves the interaction of all clinical factors examined in this study, as revealed by the analysis of multiple variables.</p>","PeriodicalId":21312,"journal":{"name":"Reumatologia","volume":"62 3","pages":"150-156"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11267657/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141760614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of periodontal status in Polish patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated with biological therapies.","authors":"Joanna Samborska-Mazur, Dorota Sikorska, Marzena Liliana Wyganowska","doi":"10.5114/reum/194593","DOIUrl":"10.5114/reum/194593","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Periodontitis, characterized by inflammation affecting the tooth-supporting tissues, may increase the risk of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) or cardiovascular diseases. The aim of the study was to evaluate the periodontal status in RA patients and its impact on the inflammatory markers and red cell parameters obtained from complete blood laboratory tests to study the risk of cardiovascular disease development.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The cross-sectional study included 50 patients with RA treated with biological therapies: tumor necrosis factor inhibitors, interleukin-6 blockers. Rheumatoid arthritis disease activity was assessed with Disease Activity Score with 28-joint count (DAS28). The periodontal indices modified Approximal Periodontal Index, modified Papillary Bleeding Index, and Periodontal Screening Index (PSI) were used to assess patients' periodontal status. Serum levels of erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were used as inflammatory markers and a potential cardiovascular risk factor.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No statistically significant correlation was found between the periodontal status and RA activity. However, a statistically significant correlation was found between the CRP results and the PSI scores (<i>R</i> = -0.264510, <i>p</i> = 0.048837). Evaluation of the red cell parameters showed statistically significant differences in the markers of inflammation ESR (<i>R</i> = 0.369398, <i>p</i> = 0.008289) and CRP (<i>R</i> = 0.367405, <i>p</i> = 0.008672). Red cell distribution width values were also correlated with RA activity (<i>R</i> = 0.286387, <i>p</i> = 0.043769) and duration of the disease (<i>R</i> = 0.339425, <i>p</i> = 0.015889).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A satisfactory periodontal status was found in most of the study group. Increased CRP levels in patients with periodontitis may indicate the negative impact of periodontal status on the general clinical condition of the patient.</p>","PeriodicalId":21312,"journal":{"name":"Reumatologia","volume":"62 5","pages":"351-359"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11635620/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142829803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Infective agents and polymyalgia rheumatica: key discussion points emerging from a narrative review of published literature.","authors":"Ciro Manzo, Marco Isetta, Alberto Castagna","doi":"10.5114/reum/194687","DOIUrl":"10.5114/reum/194687","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The aetiology of polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) is unknown. Recently, reports on cases of PMR following the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have revived the role of infection as an aetiological or triggering factor. It is estimated that patients with PMR have manifestations of giant cell arteritis (GCA) in < 20% of cases. To date, little is known on the potential role of infectious agents in facilitating this association. Given this background, we performed a review of published literature. Our first aim was to review and discuss the relationship between PMR and infective agents. Secondly, we compared data of PMR-only patients with PMR and overlapping GCA to seek any commonalities or differences regarding the type of infectious agent in these two subgroups.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>We performed a non-systematic literature search on Embase and Medline (COVID interface) with the following search terms: \"polymyalgia rheumatica\" AND \"infections\" OR \"infectious agents\", both MESH headings and free-text (in each language they were written). Each paper's reference list was scanned for additional publications meeting this study's aim. When papers reported data partially presented in previous articles, we referred to the most recent published data. Abstracts submitted at conferences or from non-peer-reviewed sources were not included. Polymyalgia rheumatica following vaccinations was an additional exclusion criterion.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Several infectious agents have been held responsible for PMR. However, no definite causal link has been identified so far. According to our review, the search for a specific infectious agent, however intriguing, appears to be stagnating. Genetic background and epigenetic regulation probably play a key role. However, topical studies are lacking. Polymyalgia rheumatica as an adverse event following immunization should be kept methodologically distinct from PMR following an acute infection, as the adjuvants in the vaccine can make a significant difference.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Finally, some infectious agents are able to replicate in human arteries or have an endothelium tropism. Whilst these can theoretically trigger GCA, their role in isolated PMR seems minimal.</p>","PeriodicalId":21312,"journal":{"name":"Reumatologia","volume":"62 5","pages":"360-367"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11635615/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142829819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}