Revista de neurologia最新文献

{"title":"Recognition of Basic Emotions Through Facial Expressions in Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.","authors":"Adriana Noelia Lewtak, Rocio González, Jesica Brenda Custodio, Amada Del Rocio Mosquera Moncayo, Fernanda Rios Pistoia, Esteban Vaucheret Paz","doi":"10.31083/RN37508","DOIUrl":"10.31083/RN37508","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects attentional and executive functions, which may interfere with facial emotion recognition. This study explored the recognition of basic and complex emotions in pediatric subjects with ADHD.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This was a prospective, cross-sectional, controlled study. A total of 60 participants were included, divided into two groups: the ADHD Group (n = 30) and the Control Group (n = 30) with neurotypical development. Each participant was presented with a series of photographs and video clips of children and adults and was asked to identify the emotion expressed on the face.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No significant differences were found in the recognition of basic emotions between the Control Group (M = 44.43; SD = 2.01) and the ADHD Group (M = 43.90; SD = 2.14; t(58) = -0.995; p = 0.324), nor in the recognition of complex emotions [t(58) = 0.514; p = 0.609]. No differences were found by age [Z = 463; p = 0.843] or by sex (p = 0.92). We observed significantly better performance with a large effect size when recognizing child faces (M = 29.56; 95% CI 28.98-30.14) compared with adult faces (M = 14.86; 95% CI 14.46-15.26; p < 0.001; d = 11.03), with performance on adult faces improving with age (rho = 0.39; p = 0.03).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The ADHD Group did not show differential performance compared with the neurotypical group in emotion recognition. Performance significantly improved for child faces, suggesting that adult faces should be avoided when assessing this population. Recognition of adult faces improved with age.</p>","PeriodicalId":21281,"journal":{"name":"Revista de neurologia","volume":"80 5","pages":"37508"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12231514/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144561034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gepants: Key Features of A Potent Therapeutic Option and Considerations in The Latin American Context.","authors":"David Ríos Patiño, Julián Cuartas Zapata, Adolfo León Vélez Aguirre","doi":"10.31083/RN38637","DOIUrl":"10.31083/RN38637","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Migraine is a complex condition when considered from the perspective of its pathophysiology. Moreover, it is highly prevalent and of priority interest in public health. Gepants are a highly-effective and specific therapeutic option, although their recent arrival in Latin America raises particular questions and expectations. A narrative review of the four medications available outside Latin America at this time is provided and the main considerations that should be borne in mind before and during their adoption are presented. Appropriate patient selection and marketing cost will be key determinants for their consolidation as an alternative to traditional medications used in migraine.</p>","PeriodicalId":21281,"journal":{"name":"Revista de neurologia","volume":"80 5","pages":"38637"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12231511/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144561032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mapping Physiotherapy Approaches for Stroke Survivors in Catalonia: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Maria Masbernat-Almenara, Selma Peláez Hervás, Helena Fernández-Lago, Samira Gonzalez-Hoelling, Carina Salgueiro, Rosa Cabanas-Valdés","doi":"10.31083/RN37316","DOIUrl":"10.31083/RN37316","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide, prompting significant interest in rehabilitation. Despite existing recommendations and clinical guidelines, the current state of stroke rehabilitation practices in Catalonia remains unclear. This study aims to identify physiotherapists' main approaches for stroke survivors in Catalonia across recovery stages.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An observational study was conducted via an anonymous survey distributed among all the registered members of the College of Physiotherapists of Catalonia (CPC). A total of 118 physiotherapists from both the public and private sector participated. The study collected data on therapists' experience, preferred therapeutic modalities, user demographics, and work settings. The data was collected from January to March, 2023.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The survey on stroke rehabilitation approaches showed that 57.60% of participants use a mix of methods (Basal Stimulation, Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF), neurodevelopmental or neurocognitive therapy) tailored to individuals or stroke stages, regardless of the work setting. Regarding the techniques, the most used were passive mobilization, stretching, task-oriented approaches, motor imagery, intensive therapy, mirror therapy, and balance training. In contrast, electrotherapy, music therapy, mindfulness, and advanced technologies were the least used.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Physiotherapists did not rely on a single technique or approach; instead, they combined various methods. Therefore, we are unable to definitively determine what constitutes conventional physiotherapy. Considering this ambiguity, it is recommended to explicitly identify the techniques and methods used during conventional physical therapy in all scientific studies.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registration: </strong>No: NCT05546840. 15 September 2022, https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05546840?cond=NCT05546840&rank.</p>","PeriodicalId":21281,"journal":{"name":"Revista de neurologia","volume":"80 5","pages":"37316"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12231508/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144561033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Our Experience with Pediatric Patients Withdrawn from Pharmacological Treatment for Epilepsy who Remain Untreated].","authors":"Javier López Pisón, Candela Gómez Sánchez, Patricia Morte Coscolín, Maria Violeta Fariña Jara, Fernando Martínez Calvo, Ruth Fernando Martínez","doi":"10.31083/RN37196","DOIUrl":"10.31083/RN37196","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>There are many variables to consider when withdrawing anti-epileptic seizure treatment and risk-benefit evaluation is required.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Retrospective study of patients from a neuropediatric clinic who were discontinued from pharmacological treatment for epilepsy and continued without treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 57 children from whom treatment was withdrawn, 34 remained without treatment. In 23 cases, treatment was withdrawn once, with a mean seizure-free time until withdrawal of 21 months and a mean age of 10.5 years. Three cases presented seizures but treatment was not reintroduced; the average time without a crisis was 44.78 months. Treatment was withdrawn twice in nine children and three times in two children, with a mean seizure-free time until withdrawal of 28.5 months; the average age was 16.3 years. Two cases presented seizures but treatment was not reintroduced; the average time without a crisis was 5.7 years. High-risk cases of recurrent epileptic seizures were left without anti-seizure medication: seven cases of intellectual disability, one refractory epilepsy, two cases of epilepsy with onset in adolescence, and in 11 children, 13 instances of failure in previous withdrawal attempts.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The indication and maintenance of treatment with anti-seizure drugs in children must prioritize patient welfare and be based on three premises: the treatment is indicated, the treatment is tolerated, and the treatment is effective. The decision to withdraw must be made on a case-by-case basis, acknowledging the risk of relapse and taking into account efficacy and tolerance, especially in children with behavioral and neurodevelopmental disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":21281,"journal":{"name":"Revista de neurologia","volume":"80 4","pages":"37196"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12135635/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144216776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Landau-Kleffner Syndrome: Current Etiopathogenesis and Management].","authors":"Alma D Méndez-Álvarez, Karla P Meneses-León, Dira B Monsalvo-Soler, Alondra M Morales-Segundo, Laura Gómez-Virgilio, Gustavo López-Toledo","doi":"10.31083/RN42643","DOIUrl":"10.31083/RN42643","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Landau-Kleffner syndrome is a developmental epileptic encephalopathy that manifests mainly in pediatric patients, characterized by verbal auditory agnosia and focal, bilateral, and focal and diffuse epileptic activity, visualized through electroencephalographic recordings performed during sleep. It is a rare syndrome with a variable, multifactorial presentation and unknown etiology, although it has a genetic component in some cases. It is often associated with variants of the glutamate ionotropic receptor N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) type subunit 2A (GRIN2A) gene, which encodes an NMDA receptor subunit of the same name that is involved in various neurophysiological processes. Modifications to this receptor could be associated with the clinical manifestations observed in patients. This review proposes a pathophysiological mechanism related to one of the clinical presentations of this disease, using information published in recent years, and contributes to the understanding of its pathology and the improvement of its management. This syndrome is a rare and complex disease; both its diagnosis and treatment are challenging, limiting patients' therapeutic options and compromising their quality of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":21281,"journal":{"name":"Revista de neurologia","volume":"80 4","pages":"42643"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12135646/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144216775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Alzheimer's and Its Diagnosis: Are We Prepared to Accompany Our Patients? Shared Care Planning as a Relational Framework].","authors":"Míriam Eimil-Ortiz, Pilar Alcántara-Miranda, Sonia Martínez-Morante","doi":"10.31083/RN42462","DOIUrl":"10.31083/RN42462","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21281,"journal":{"name":"Revista de neurologia","volume":"80 4","pages":"42462"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12135631/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144216773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarker Profile in Atypical Alzheimer's Disease].","authors":"Elisa Martínez Campos, Paula Tellechea Aramburo, Javier Sánchez Ruiz de Gordoa, Rosa Larumbe Ilundain","doi":"10.31083/RN36399","DOIUrl":"10.31083/RN36399","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease (AD) are essential for the early identification of non-amnestic phenotypes. Increased levels of total tau (t-tau) and phosphorylated tau (p-tau) have been reported in atypical AD cases, although the specific pattern remains a subject of debate. This study aimed to evaluate CSF biomarker profiles in relation to clinical phenotype.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A retrospective review was performed, analyzing demographic data, time to diagnosis, clinical phenotype, and core AD biomarkers (beta-amyloid peptide 1-42 (Aβ1-42), t-tau, p-tau) in CSF from patients evaluated at University Hospital in Navarra between 2019 and 2022.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 57 patients (54% female, mean age 67 years), of whom 41 met AD diagnostic criteria. Among these, 10 patients (25%) presented with atypical phenotypes (50% aphasic, 30% frontal, 20% mixed non-amnestic). Compared with the amnestic phenotype, the atypical group exhibited significantly higher t-tau (562.9 pg/mL vs 320.3 pg/mL, p = 0.021) and p-tau (81.5 pg/mL vs 37.7 pg/mL, p = 0.016) levels, independent of age, sex, and time to diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Atypical cases demonstrated increased tau levels, suggesting earlier and more extensive cortical damage than the amnestic phenotype. These findings underscore the significance of CSF biomarkers in phenotypic differentiation, disease course prediction, and individualized treatment strategies for AD.</p>","PeriodicalId":21281,"journal":{"name":"Revista de neurologia","volume":"80 4","pages":"36399"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12135633/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144216774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Use of Virtual Reality Based on Daily Activities for Cognitive Rehabilitation After Stroke: A Systematic Review].","authors":"Florencia Sofía López-Isola, Daniel Íncera-Fernández","doi":"10.31083/RN37507","DOIUrl":"10.31083/RN37507","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Virtual reality (VR) generates a virtual environment with which one can interact as if it were real. In Stroke, which represents one of the highest causes of cognitive impairment in Europe, the use of VR in cognitive rehabilitation has been studied through the performance of different types of tasks, which could have different impacts. For this reason, the objective of this study was to review the use of VR tasks based exclusively on daily activities for the cognitive rehabilitation of people with stroke over 18 years of age.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A search was carried out of the databases PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus, obtaining 531 articles that, after applying inclusion/exclusion criteria, were reduced to eight (six randomized clinical trials and two quasi-experimental studies).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The number of positive results was higher than the number of negative results only in global cognitive function. In specific cognitive functions the number of positive results was lower than the negatives.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results highlight the need to carry out more studies with larger samples to obtain robust results and conclusions. Furthermore, this study highlights the value of research in this topic due to the interesting lines of future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":21281,"journal":{"name":"Revista de neurologia","volume":"80 3","pages":"37507"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12059764/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143978073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"XXVI Reunión Anual de la Sociedad Extremeña de Neurología. Comunicaciones Orales y Póster.","authors":"","doi":"10.31083/RN38009","DOIUrl":"10.31083/RN38009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21281,"journal":{"name":"Revista de neurologia","volume":"80 3","pages":"38009"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12059776/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143995835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Multicenter Study on the Frequency of Large Vessel Occlusion in Patients with Minor Stroke].","authors":"Pablo Ros-Arlanzón, Diego Corona García, Raquel Hernández Lorido, Isabel Beltrán Blasco, José Tembl Ferrairo, Cristina Soriano Soriano, Nicolás López Hernández","doi":"10.31083/RN33477","DOIUrl":"10.31083/RN33477","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The management of minor ischemic stroke presents significant challenges due to variability in the application of neuroimaging protocols and endovascular treatment (EVT). The lack of consensus on the need for computed tomography angiography (CTA) in these cases highlights the importance of investigating the prevalence and clinical implications of large vessel occlusion (LVO) in this population.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>Analysis of the multicenter CODICT registry in patients with minor ischemic stroke (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score ≤5) treated at tertiary stroke alert (SA) centers in the Valencian Community between July 1, 2020 and November 30, 2023. The frequency of LVO, defined as occlusions in the internal carotid artery, vertebral artery, basilar artery, and critical segments of the middle (M1, M2), anterior (A1, A2), and posterior (P1, P2) cerebral arteries, was evaluated using CTA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 5473 SA activations were identified during the study period. A total of 833 patients suffered a minor ischemic stroke. LVO was observed in 17.5% (n = 146) of minor strokes on CTA. EVT was performed in 48.6% (n = 71) of patients with minor stroke and LVO. The most frequently occluded vessels were the middle cerebral artery (MCA) in its M1 and M2 segments, both in 35.6% (n = 52) of cases. However, the vessels most frequently treated with EVT were in the M1, in 29.5% (n = 43) of cases, followed by the M2, in 10.9% (n = 16) of cases.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study highlights the importance of performing CTA in all patients who meet SA activation criteria, regardless of clinical severity. The presence of LVO changed the clinical management in almost half of the patients with minor stroke and LVO.</p>","PeriodicalId":21281,"journal":{"name":"Revista de neurologia","volume":"80 3","pages":"33477"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12059777/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144064551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}