Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria最新文献

{"title":"Adventures of psychiatry in a general hospital: a tale of C-L psychiatry origins and resistance in Brazil.","authors":"Juliano Victor Luna, João Alberto Carvalho","doi":"10.47626/1516-4446-2024-3854","DOIUrl":"10.47626/1516-4446-2024-3854","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21244,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria","volume":" ","pages":"e20243854"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142644722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brazilian Psychiatric Association treatment guidelines for generalized anxiety disorder: perspectives on pharmacological and psychotherapeutic approaches.","authors":"Leonardo Baldaçara, Ana Beatriz Paschoal, Aldo Felipe Pinto, Fabiano Franca Loureiro, Luiz Antonio Vesco Gaiotto Antonio, Diogo de Lacerda Veiga, Thales Marcon Almeida, Diogo Cesar Dos Santos, Leandro Fernandes Malloy-Diniz, Marcelo Feijó de Mello, Andrea Feijó de Mello, Marsal Sanches, Lucas Marques Gandarela, Márcio Antonini Bernik, Antonio E Nardi, Antônio Geraldo da Silva, Ricardo R Uchida","doi":"10.47626/1516-4446-2023-3235","DOIUrl":"10.47626/1516-4446-2023-3235","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Generalized anxiety disorder is a highly prevalent mental disorder. Previous data indicate that more than 18 million Brazilians suffer from this condition. Traditionally, generalized anxiety disorder has been considered a mild mental health disorder, despite its links to lower life expectancy, cardiovascular disease, and suicide. The aim of this article is to combine elements of systematic and critical reviews to produce a synthesis of the best evidence about generalized anxiety disorder treatment. Systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and randomized controlled trials were included. The descriptor used in the search was \"generalized anxiety disorder,\" which resulted in 4,860 articles and seven other studies, of which 59 were selected. Antidepressants and benzodiazepines were indicated, as was pregabalin, and atypical antipsychotics, such as quetiapine, have been studied. Individual cognitive behavior therapy (third wave) has proven effective. There is extensive literature on many effective treatments for generalized anxiety disorder. The present review summarizes the therapeutic possibilities, emphasizing those available in Brazil. Further studies are needed to compare other available medications, assess psychotherapies and new treatments in greater depth, as well as to assess the ideal duration of therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":21244,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria","volume":" ","pages":"e20233235"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11302992/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"92156320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bridging the gap: psychiatry's role in the new era of obesity treatment.","authors":"Jose Carlos Appolinario, Phillipa Hay, Walmir Coutinho","doi":"10.47626/1516-4446-2024-3604","DOIUrl":"10.47626/1516-4446-2024-3604","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21244,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria","volume":" ","pages":"e20243604"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11474427/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140857023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A network analysis of early trauma and impulsive behavior in individuals with alcohol, cocaine, and polysubstance use disorder.","authors":"Vanessa Loss Volpatto, Jaqueline Bohrer Schuch, Francisco Diego Rabelo-da-Ponte, Ellen Mello Borgonhi, Júlia Corrêa de Freitas, Felipe Ornell, Ramon Agostini Proença, Rodrigo Pereira Pio, Lisia von Diemen, Felix Henrique Paim Kessler","doi":"10.47626/1516-4446-2023-3265","DOIUrl":"10.47626/1516-4446-2023-3265","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study investigated the relationship between impulsivity and early trauma through a network analysis in individuals diagnosed with different substance use disorders.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a cross-sectional design, the sample included 556 men with substance use disorders (195 with alcohol use, 157 with cocaine/crack use, and 214 with polysubstance use). Early trauma and impulsive behavior were assessed using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire and the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale, respectively. The connection between trauma and impulsivity was assessed using network analysis through a fused graphical lasso algorithm.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No connection was observed between impulsivity and trauma networks in individuals with alcohol use disorder. In those with cocaine use disorder, networks were linked through the motor domain and sexual abuse nodes. Inverse connections were observed between the emotional neglect node and perseverance, but not the non-planning node. In polysubstance use, the connection between impulsivity and trauma networks was weak, with the cognitive complexity node connecting to the trauma network through physical abuse. There connections were inversely proportional between the motor domain and emotional neglect nodes, as well as between cognitive instability and physical neglect.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results suggest that the relationship between the type of early (childhood) trauma and the expression of impulsivity could lead to different substance use profiles.</p>","PeriodicalId":21244,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria","volume":" ","pages":"e20233265"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11474448/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140102361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Online sports betting as an expression of antisocial behavior.","authors":"Gabrielle Terezinha Foppa, Thiago Henrique Roza, Lisieux Elaine de Borba Telles","doi":"10.47626/1516-4446-2024-3536","DOIUrl":"10.47626/1516-4446-2024-3536","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21244,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria","volume":" ","pages":"e20243536"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11427995/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139747325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The anti-infectious effect of antidepressants in psychiatric COVID-19 patients remains unproven.","authors":"Josef Finsterer, Fulvio A Scorza","doi":"10.47626/1516-4446-2023-3450","DOIUrl":"10.47626/1516-4446-2023-3450","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21244,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria","volume":" ","pages":"e20233450"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11474428/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140050209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cross-cultural adaptation of the Mind-Wandering Questionnaire (MWQ) for Brazilian Portuguese and evidence of its validity.","authors":"Franciele Cristiane Peloso, Murilo Ricardo Zibetti, Antonio Egidio Nardi, Ramiro Figueiredo Catelan","doi":"10.47626/1516-4446-2023-3312","DOIUrl":"10.47626/1516-4446-2023-3312","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To adapt the Mind-Wandering Questionnaire (MWQ) for the Brazilian context and present evidence of validity based on its internal structure.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 2,682 Brazilian adults from different regions of the country took part in this study. Confirmatory factor analyses and multigroup confirmatory factor analyses (MGCFA) were performed to assess the factor structure of the MWQ. McDonald's omega (ω) was generated to provide reliability indexes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The analyses demonstrated an adequate factor structure for the MWQ adapted to the Brazilian context, corroborating the original article's single-factor model and other adaptation studies. Furthermore, the results demonstrated the instrument's reliability in a Brazilian population (ω = 0.88).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The MWQ is thus an adequate, reliable, and quickly administered instrument for those whose aim is to measure deliberate and spontaneous MW in Brazil.</p>","PeriodicalId":21244,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria","volume":" ","pages":"e20233312"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11189109/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138299861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Natural language processing in at-risk mental states: enhancing the assessment of thought disorders and psychotic traits with semantic dynamics and graph theory.","authors":"Felipe Argolo, William Henrique de Paula Ramos, Natalia Bezerra Mota, João Medrado Gondim, Ana Caroline Lopes-Rocha, Julio Cesar Andrade, Martinus Theodorus van de Bilt, Leonardo Peroni de Jesus, Andrea Jafet, Guillermo Cecchi, Wagner Farid Gattaz, Cheryl Mary Corcoran, Anderson Ara, Alexandre Andrade Loch","doi":"10.47626/1516-4446-2023-3419","DOIUrl":"10.47626/1516-4446-2023-3419","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Verbal communication contains key information for mental health assessment. Researchers have linked psychopathology phenomena to certain counterparts in natural language processing. We characterized subtle impairments in the early stages of psychosis, developing new analysis techniques, which led to a comprehensive map associating features of natural language processing with the full range of clinical presentation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used natural language processing to assess spontaneous and elicited speech by 60 individuals with at-risk mental states and 73 controls who were screened from 4,500 quota-sampled Portuguese speaking residents of São Paulo, Brazil. Psychotic symptoms were independently assessed with the Structured Interview for Psychosis-Risk Syndromes. Speech features (e.g., sentiments and semantic coherence), including novel ones, were correlated with psychotic traits (Spearman's-?) and at-risk mental state status (general linear models and machine-learning ensembles).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Natural language processing features were informative for classification, presenting a balanced accuracy of 86%. Features such as semantic laminarity (as perseveration), semantic recurrence time (as circumstantiality), and average centrality in word repetition graphs carried the most information and were directly correlated with psychotic symptoms. Grammatical tagging (e.g., use of adjectives) was the most relevant standard measure.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Subtle speech impairments can be detected by sensitive methods and can be used in at-risk mental states screening. We have outlined a blueprint for speech-based evaluation, pairing features to standard psychometric items for thought disorder.</p>","PeriodicalId":21244,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria","volume":" ","pages":"e20233419"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141793327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The amygdala as a therapeutic target for aggressive and disruptive behaviors: a systematic review.","authors":"Juan Camilo Salcedo-Moreno, Fernando Peralta-Pizza, Paola Vélez-Jimenez, David Arteaga-Ortiz, Lina María Villegas-Trujillo, Oscar Andrés Escobar-Vidarte","doi":"10.47626/1516-4446-2024-3582","DOIUrl":"10.47626/1516-4446-2024-3582","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To identify the effects of amygdala neuromodulation on disruptive behavior and quality of life changes in patients and its relationship with epilepsy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The MEDLINE, OVID, WoS, Central Cochrane, and Scopus databases were systematically searched up to March 2023 for studies with at least six months of follow-up on extremely aggressive patients who underwent ablative surgeries or deep brain stimulation of the amygdala as the unique therapeutic target.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The search yielded 1,352 studies after excluding duplicates. However, only 11 case series and three case reports met the inclusion criteria. The studies were published between 1963 and 2023 and included 1,033 patients, mostly male, aged between 5 and 61 years. All of the studies performed amygdalotomy except one, which performed deep brain stimulation. Behavior improved in > 70% of the patients, and seizures occurred in approximately 30%, of whom 40% presented improvement. Two studies reported worsening behavior.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although we found that amygdalotomy has a positive effect on patient behavior and seizure control, new studies with greater power are needed. Future studies should investigate deep brain stimulation and the role of connectomics regarding this brain structure.</p>","PeriodicalId":21244,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria","volume":" ","pages":"e20243582"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142294254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of antidepressant use in Brazil: a systematic review with meta-analysis.","authors":"Gustavo Magno Baldin Tiguman, Rogério Hoefler, Marcus Tolentino Silva, Vanessa Gomes Lima, Inês Ribeiro-Vaz, Taís Freire Galvão","doi":"10.47626/1516-4446-2023-3095","DOIUrl":"10.47626/1516-4446-2023-3095","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To estimate the prevalence of antidepressant use in Brazil.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a systematic review with searches in MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, LILACS, and SciELO up to May 2023. Two researchers independently selected studies, extracted data, and assessed the methodological quality. We pooled the prevalence of antidepressant use using meta-analyses of proportions (Freeman-Tukey transformation) and estimated heterogeneity by the I2 statistic. OR meta-analyses of antidepressant use by sex were calculated (men as reference) and between-study variation was explored by meta-regressions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 3,299 records retrieved, 23 studies published in 28 reports were included, with a total of 75,061 participants. The overall prevalence of antidepressant use was 4.0% (95%CI 2.7-5.6%; /² = 98.5%). Use of antidepressants in the previous 3 days was higher in women (12.0%; 95%CI 9.5-15.1%; /² = 0%) than men (4.6%; 95%CI 3.1-6.8%; /² = 0%) (p < 0.001; OR = 2.82; 95%CI 1.72-4.62). Gender differences were particularly higher for antidepressant use in the previous year (women: 2.3%; 95%CI 1.6-3.1; /² = 37.6% vs. men: 0.5%; 95%CI 0.2-1.0%; /² = 0%, p < 0.001; OR = 4.18; 95%CI 2.10-8.30). Between-study variation in the overall prevalence of antidepressant use significantly increased with mean participant age (p = 0.035; residual /² = 0%; regression coefficient = 0.003).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Four out of every 100 Brazilians used antidepressants in this 3-decade assessment. Use increased with age and was more prevalent in women compared to men.</p><p><strong>Registration number: </strong>PROSPERO CRD42022345332.</p>","PeriodicalId":21244,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria","volume":" ","pages":"e20233095"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11189131/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10339069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}