Reviews in Medical Virology最新文献

{"title":"The impact of trained immunity in respiratory viral infections","authors":"J. Piret, Guy Boivin","doi":"10.1002/rmv.2510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rmv.2510","url":null,"abstract":"Epidemic peaks of respiratory viruses that co‐circulate during the winter‐spring seasons can be synchronous or asynchronous. The occurrence of temporal patterns in epidemics caused by some respiratory viruses suggests that they could negatively interact with each other. These negative interactions may result from a programme of innate immune memory, known as trained immunity, which may confer broad protective effects against respiratory viruses. It is suggested that stimulation of innate immune cells by a vaccine or a pathogen could induce their long‐term functional reprogramming through an interplay between metabolic and epigenetic changes, which influence the transcriptional response to a secondary challenge. During the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, the circulation of most respiratory viruses was prevented by non‐pharmacological interventions and then resumed at unusual periods once sanitary measures were lifted. With time, respiratory viruses should find again their own ecological niches. This transition period provides an opportunity to study the interactions between respiratory viruses at the population level.","PeriodicalId":21180,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Medical Virology","volume":"30 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139394682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serological response and immune-related adverse events following COVID-19 vaccination in cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Yue Wang, Dong Chen, Yuancan Pan, Haiming Li, Weizhe Zhao, Taicheng Lu, Weijia Kong, Min Ding, Xiaomin Wang, Ganlin Zhang","doi":"10.1002/rmv.2495","DOIUrl":"10.1002/rmv.2495","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With the popularity of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine and the development of vaccination strategies, the impact of COVID-19 vaccine on cancer patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is still unclear. In the systematic review and meta-analysis of patients with ICIs, we assessed the serological response of cancer patients receiving COVID-19 vaccine, and explored the risk of immune related adverse events (irAEs). We searched PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane Library as of 10 June 2023, and included cancer patients who received ICIs and COVID-19 vaccine. The systematic review and meta-analysis include cohort study, cross-sectional study and case report. The outcome included the serological response, Spike-specific T-cell response, irAEs and rare adverse events. When possible, the data were analysed by random effect analysis, and the statistical heterogeneity was assessed by Q-test and I² statistics. We explored the sources of heterogeneity through L'Abbe plots, Galbraith radial plots, and sensitivity analysis. The publication bias was evaluated by Egger's, Begg's linear regression test and funnel plot, and the impact of publication bias was further analysed by trim and fill method. 27 studies were eligible (19 cohort studies, 1 cross-sectional study and 7 case reports), involving 8331 patients (with 4724 receiving ICIs). Most studies used mRNA vaccine (BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273). Compared with cancer patients receiving chemotherapy, cancer patients receiving ICIs were significantly more likely to have seroconversion (RR = 1.05, 95%CI 1.01-1.10, P = 0.02). There were no statistically significant differences in seroconversion rates when comparing cancer patients receiving ICIs with controls without cancer (RR = 0.95, 95% CI 0.89-1.01, P = 0.09) or with cancer patients receiving targeted therapy (RR = 1.05, 95% CI 0.79-1.39, P = 0.75). The incidence of irAEs in patients receiving ICIs before and after COVID-19 vaccination was (21.96%, 95%CI 16.66%-28.94%) and (14.88%, 95%CI 8.65%-25.57%), respectively. The most common irAEs were endocrine abnormalities, skin disorders, etc. The certainty of evidence was low in cancer patients with ICIs, compared with those receiving chemotherapy, and very low versus controls without cancer. Cancer patients treated with ICIs seem to be able to receive COVID-19 vaccine safely without increasing the incidence of irAEs.</p>","PeriodicalId":21180,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Medical Virology","volume":" ","pages":"e2495"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138452332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with mpox during the 2022 mpox outbreak compared with those before the outbreak: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Wonyoung Cho, Sangil Park, Hyeon Jin Kim, Myeongcheol Lee, Yong Sung Choi, Seung Geun Yeo, Jinseok Lee, Ai Koyanagi, Louis Jacob, Lee Smith, Masoud Rahmati, Suhana Ahmad, Guillaume Fond, Laurent Boyer, Sang Youl Rhee, Seung Won Lee, Jae Il Shin, Ho Geol Woo, Dong Keon Yon","doi":"10.1002/rmv.2508","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rmv.2508","url":null,"abstract":"On 23 July 2022, the World Health Organization declared the global mpox outbreak as a public health emergency of international significance. The mpox virus (MPXV) that caused the outbreak was classified as clade IIb, which belongs to the West African clade. However, the relationship between MPXV clades and symptoms, as well as the severity of mpox outcomes, is not fully understood. Thus, we aimed to investigate the global mpox prevalence and the differences in clinical manifestations and outcomes among patients with mpox between pre-outbreak (2003–2021) and the current mpox outbreak. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, Embase, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, and Google Scholar were searched using the keyword “monkeypox” and “mpox” up to 13 October 2022. A random effects model was used to obtain the pooled prevalence and 95% confidence intervals. This study included 27 articles, and 5698 patients with mpox with 19 distinctive features from 19 countries across five continents were assessed. Patients with mpox during the 2022 mpox outbreak showed mild clinical manifestations and outcomes compared with those before the 2022 mpox outbreak: mild rash (relative ratio [RR]: 5.09, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.52–17.08), fever (0.68, 0.49–0.94), pruritus (0.25, 0.19–0.32), myalgia (0.50, 0.31–0.81), headache (0.56, 0.35–0.88), skin ulcer (0.32, 0.17–0.59), abdominal symptom (0.29, 0.20–0.42), pharyngitis (0.32, 0.18–0.58), nausea or vomiting (0.15, 0.02–0.93), conjunctivitis (0.11, 0.03–0.38), concomitant infection with HIV (1.70, 0.95–3 0.04), and death (0.02, 0.001–0.31). MPXV clade IIb exhibited higher infectivity but may cause mild disease symptoms and low mortality rate. It is important to consider MPXV infection in patients with mpox-related features and/or a history of sexual transmission to prevent the spread of the disease and recognise the current pandemic threat.","PeriodicalId":21180,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Medical Virology","volume":"206 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139064881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeting EBV-encoded products: Implications for drug development in EBV-associated diseases.","authors":"Mengwen Lv, Yuan Ding, Yan Zhang, Shuzhen Liu","doi":"10.1002/rmv.2487","DOIUrl":"10.1002/rmv.2487","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Epstein-Barr virus, a human gamma-herpesvirus, has a close connection to the pathogenesis of cancers and other diseases, which are a burden for public health worldwide. So far, several drugs or biomolecules have been discovered that can target EBV-encoded products for treatment, such as Silvestrol, affinity toxin, roscovitine, H20, H31, curcumin, thymoquinone, and ribosomal protein L22. These drugs activate or inhibit the function of some biomolecules, affecting subsequent signalling pathways by acting on the products of EBV. These drugs usually target LMP1, LMP2; EBNA1, EBNA2, EBNA3; EBER1, EBER2; Bam-HI A rightward transcript and BHRF1. Additionally, some promising findings in the fields of vaccines, immunological, and cellular therapies have been established. In this review, we mainly summarise the function of drugs mentioned above and unique mechanisms, hoping that we can help giving insight to the design of drugs for the treatment of EBV-associated diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":21180,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Medical Virology","volume":" ","pages":"e2487"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71413765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The programed death-1/programed death ligand-1 axis and its potential as a therapeutic target for virus-associated tumours.","authors":"Jing Li, Yan Zhang, Bing Luo","doi":"10.1002/rmv.2486","DOIUrl":"10.1002/rmv.2486","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As an important and serious condition impacting human health, the diagnosis, and treatment of tumours is clinically vital because tumour cell immune escape sustains tumour development. Programed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) on tumour cell surfaces binds to the programed death-1 (PD-1), inhibits T cell activation, and induces apoptosis, and incapacitates cells. This allows tumour cells to evade recognition and clearance by the immune system, thereby permitting tumour occurrence, and development and poor prognosis outcomes in patients with tumours. Currently, anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy has become pivotal in tumour treatment. Pathogens, especially viruses, are important factors which induce many tumours. In this article, we examine associations between Epstein-Barr virus, human papilloma virus, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, and human immunodeficiency virus type 1-related tumours and PD-1/PD-L1 axis.</p>","PeriodicalId":21180,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Medical Virology","volume":" ","pages":"e2486"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71413766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of the relationship between the dopaminergic pathway and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection, with related neuropathological features, and potential therapeutic approaches in COVID‐19 infection","authors":"Yousef Rasmi, Ameneh Shokati, S. Hatamkhani, Y. Farnamian, Roya Naderi, Ladan Jalali","doi":"10.1002/rmv.2506","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rmv.2506","url":null,"abstract":"Dopamine is a known catecholamine neurotransmitter involved in several physiological processes, including motor control, motivation, reward, cognition, and immune function. Dopamine receptors are widely distributed throughout the nervous system and in immune cells. Several viruses, including human immunodeficiency virus and Japanese encephalitis virus, can use dopaminergic receptors to replicate in the nervous system and are involved in viral neuropathogenesis. In addition, studies suggest that dopaminergic receptors may play a role in the progression and pathogenesis of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection. When SARS‐CoV‐2 binds to angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2 receptors on the surface of neuronal cells, the spike protein of the virus can bind to dopaminergic receptors on neighbouring cells to accelerate its life cycle and exacerbate neurological symptoms. In addition, recent research has shown that dopamine is an important regulator of the immune‐neuroendocrine system. Most immune cells express dopamine receptors and other dopamine‐related proteins, indicating the importance of dopaminergic immune regulation. The increase in dopamine concentration during SARS‐CoV2 infection may reduce immunity (innate and adaptive) that promotes viral spread, which could lead to neuronal damage. In addition, dopaminergic signalling in the nervous system may be affected by SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. COVID ‐19 can cause various neurological symptoms as it interacts with the immune system. One possible treatment strategy for COVID ‐19 patients could be the use of dopamine antagonists. To fully understand how to protect the neurological system and immune cells from the virus, we need to study the pathophysiology of the dopamine system in SARS‐CoV‐2 infection.","PeriodicalId":21180,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Medical Virology","volume":"86 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139395528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Virus-like particles as powerful vaccination strategy against human viruses.","authors":"Ikbel Hadj Hassine, Manel Ben M'hadheb, Mohammed A Almalki, Jawhar Gharbi","doi":"10.1002/rmv.2498","DOIUrl":"10.1002/rmv.2498","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nowadays, viruses are not only seen as causative agents of viral infectious diseases but also as valuable research materials for various biomedical purposes, including recombinant protein production. When expressed in living or cell-free expression systems, viral structural proteins self-assemble into virus-like particles (VLPs). Mimicking the native form and size of viruses and lacking the genetic material, VLPs are safe and highly immunogenic and thus can be exploited to develop antiviral vaccines. Some vaccines based on VLPs against various infectious pathogens have already been licenced for human use and are available in the commercial market, the latest of which is a VLP-based vaccine to protect against the novel Coronavirus. Despite the success and popularity of VLP subunit vaccines, many more VLPs are still in different stages of design, production, and approval. There are still many challenges that require to be addressed in the future before this surface display system can be widely used as an effective vaccine strategy in combating infectious diseases. In this review, we highlight the use of structural viral proteins to produce VLPs, emphasising their intrinsic properties, structural classification, and main expression host systems. We also compiled the recent scientific literature about VLP-based vaccines to underline the recent advances in their application as a vaccine strategy for preventing and fighting virulent human pathogens. Finally, we presented the key challenges and possible solutions for VLP-based vaccine production.</p>","PeriodicalId":21180,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Medical Virology","volume":" ","pages":"e2498"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138808515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reply to Kleebayoon and Wiwanitkit on 'Effects of COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy on SARS-CoV-2 infection and maternal and neonatal outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis'.","authors":"Masoud Rahmati, Dong Keon Yon, Seung Won Lee, Laurie Butler, Ai Koyanagi, Louis Jacob, Jae Il Shin, Lee Smith","doi":"10.1002/rmv.2490","DOIUrl":"10.1002/rmv.2490","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21180,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Medical Virology","volume":" ","pages":"e2490"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136398999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating fluvoxamine for the outpatient treatment of COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Jiawen Deng, Myron Moskalyk, Qi Kang Zuo, Cristian Garcia, Umaima Abbas, Harikrishnaa Ba Ramaraju, Daniel Rayner, Ye-Jean Park, Kiyan Heybati, Fangwen Zhou, Simran Lohit","doi":"10.1002/rmv.2501","DOIUrl":"10.1002/rmv.2501","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) aimed to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of fluvoxamine for the outpatient management of COVID-19. We conducted this review in accordance with the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Literature searches were conducted in MEDLINE, EMBASE, International Pharmaceutical Abstracts, CINAHL, Web of Science, and CENTRAL up to 14 September 2023. Outcomes included incidence of hospitalisation, healthcare utilization (emergency room visits and/or hospitalisation), mortality, supplemental oxygen and mechanical ventilation requirements, serious adverse events (SAEs) and non-adherence. Fluvoxamine 100 mg twice a day was associated with reductions in the risk of hospitalisation (risk ratio [RR] 0.75, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.58-0.97; I ²  = 0%) and reductions in the risk of healthcare utilization (RR 0.68, 95% CI 0.53-0.86; I ²  = 0%). While no increased SAEs were observed, fluvoxamine 100 mg twice a day was associated with higher treatment non-adherence compared to placebo (RR 1.61, 95% CI 1.22-2.14; I ²  = 53%). In subgroup analyses, fluvoxamine reduced healthcare utilization in outpatients with BMI ≥30 kg/m² , but not in those with lower BMIs. While fluvoxamine offers potential benefits in reducing healthcare utilization, its efficacy may be most pronounced in high-risk patient populations. The observed non-adherence rates highlight the need for better patient education and counselling. Future investigations should reassess trial endpoints to include outcomes relating to post-COVID sequelaes. Registration: This review was prospectively registered on PROSPERO (CRD42023463829).</p>","PeriodicalId":21180,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Medical Virology","volume":" ","pages":"e2501"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139040463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Virus‐induced host cell metabolic alteration","authors":"Syed Shahariar Bappy, Md. Muzammal Haque Asim, M. Ahasan, Asif Ahsan, Sorna Sultana, Roksana Khanam, A. Shibly, Y. Kabir","doi":"10.1002/rmv.2505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rmv.2505","url":null,"abstract":"Viruses change the host cell metabolism to produce infectious particles and create optimal conditions for replication and reproduction. Numerous host cell pathways have been modified to ensure available biomolecules and sufficient energy. Metabolomics studies conducted over the past decade have revealed that eukaryotic viruses alter the metabolism of their host cells on a large scale. Modifying pathways like glycolysis, fatty acid synthesis and glutaminolysis could provide potential energy for virus multiplication. Thus, almost every virus has a unique metabolic signature and a different relationship between the viral life cycle and the individual metabolic processes. There are enormous research in virus induced metabolic reprogramming of host cells that is being conducted through numerous approaches using different vaccine candidates and antiviral drug substances. This review provides an overview of viral interference to different metabolic pathways and improved monitoring in this area will open up new ways for more effective antiviral therapies and combating virus induced oncogenesis.","PeriodicalId":21180,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Medical Virology","volume":" 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139391914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}