Reviews in Medical Virology最新文献

{"title":"Association between Epstein-Barr virus LMP-1 and Hodgkin lymphoma LMP-1 mechanisms in Hodgkin lymphoma development.","authors":"Leonam Oliver Durval Oliveira, Igor Brasil Costa, Juarez Antônio Simões Quaresma","doi":"10.1002/rmv.2561","DOIUrl":"10.1002/rmv.2561","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hodgkin lymphoma is histologically characterised by the presence of Hodgkin (H) and Reed-Sternberg (RS) cells originating from germinal centre B-cells rearranged in the IgV gene. The formation of multinucleated RS cells is a product of telomere organisation in a process initiated by telomere aggregate accumulation in mononuclear H cells and may be mediated by latent membrane protein 1 (LMP-1) expression. LMP-1 is the main oncoprotein of EBV and supports several tumourigenic processes. LMP-1 may rescue proapoptotic B-cells through downregulation of B-cell receptor (BCR) components, mimicking and inducing multiple distinct B-cell signalling pathways to promote proliferation and survival, such as Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT), nuclear factor-kappa b (NF-кB), and cellular MYC (c-MYC), and inducing telomere instability mainly through Telomere repeat binding factor 2 (TRF2) downregulation to promote the formation of multinucleated RS cells. This review presents recent discoveries regarding the influence of LMP-1 on the surviving cellular signalling, genomic instability and mecanical formation of HRS cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":21180,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Medical Virology","volume":"34 4","pages":"e2561"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141327740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Liver involvement in dengue: A systematic review.","authors":"Valentine Campana, Catherine Inizan, Jean-David Pommier, Luce Yemadje Menudier, Muriel Vincent, Marc Lecuit, Xavier De Lamballerie, Myrielle Dupont-Rouzeyrol, Bernadette Murgue, André Cabié","doi":"10.1002/rmv.2564","DOIUrl":"10.1002/rmv.2564","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Liver involvement is an unusual yet frequently overlooked dengue complication. Pivotal for an efficient clinical management, the early diagnosis of dengue-associated liver involvement relies on an accurate description of its clinical and biological characteristics, its prognosis factors, its association with severe dengue and its clinical management. We conducted a systematic review by searching PubMed and Web of Science databases for original case reports, cohort and cross-sectional studies reporting the clinical and/or biological features of dengue-associated liver involvement. The study was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42021262657). Of the 2552 articles identified, 167 were included. Dengue-associated liver involvement was characterised by clinical features including abdominal pain, hepatomegaly, jaundice, nausea/vomiting, and an echogenic liver exhibiting hepatocellular necrosis and minimal inflammation. Elevated Aspartate Aminotransferase and Alanine Aminotransferase but also elevated bilirubin, Alkaline Phosphatase, gamma-glutamyl transferase, increased International Normalised Ratio, creatinine and creatine kinase, lower albumin and prolonged prothrombin and activated partial thromboplastin time were prevalent in dengue-associated liver involvement. Cardiovascular and haematological systems were frequently affected, translating in a strong association with severe dengue. Liver involvement was more common in males and older adults. It was associated with dengue virus serotype-2 and secondary infections. Early paracetamol intake increased the risk of liver involvement, which clinical management was mostly conservative. In conclusion, this systematic review demonstrates that early monitoring of transaminases, clinical assessment, and ultrasound examination allow an efficient diagnosis of dengue-associated liver involvement, enabling the early identification and management of severe dengue.</p>","PeriodicalId":21180,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Medical Virology","volume":"34 4","pages":"e2564"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141459044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What are the neurodevelopmental outcomes of children with asymptomatic congenital cytomegalovirus infection at birth? A systematic literature review","authors":"Angeliki Smyrli, Vishnuga Raveendran, Simone Walter, Waheeda Pagarkar, Nigel Field, Seilesh Kadambari, Hermione Lyall, Heather Bailey","doi":"10.1002/rmv.2555","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rmv.2555","url":null,"abstract":"Congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) is among the most common congenital infections globally. Of 85%–90% cCMV‐infected infants without symptoms at birth, 10%–15% develop sequelae, most commonly sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL); their childhood neurodevelopmental outcomes are less well understood. Embase and MEDLINE were searched for publications from 16<jats:sup>th</jats:sup> September 2016 to 9th February 2024 to identify studies reporting primary data on neurodevelopmental outcomes in children with asymptomatic cCMV (AcCMV), measured using assessment tools or as evaluated by the study investigators, clinicians, educators, or parents. The Newcastle‐Ottawa scale was applied to studies to assess risk of bias. Of 28 studies from 18 mostly high‐income countries, there were 5‐109 children with AcCMV per study and 6/28 had a mean or median age at last follow‐up of ≥5 years. Children with AcCMV had better neurodevelopmental outcomes than children with symptomatic cCMV in 16/19 studies. Of 9/28 studies comparing AcCMV with CMV‐uninfected children, six reported similar outcomes whilst three reported differences limited to measures of full‐scale intelligence and receptive vocabulary among children with AcCMV and SNHL, or more generally in motor impairment. Common limitations of studies for our question were a lack of cCMV‐uninfected controls, heterogeneous definitions of AcCMV, lack of focus on neurodevelopment, selection bias and inadequate follow‐up. There was little evidence of children with AcCMV having worse neurodevelopmental outcomes than CMV‐uninfected children, but this conclusion is limited by study characteristics and quality; findings highlight the need for well‐designed and standardised approaches to investigate long‐term sequelae.","PeriodicalId":21180,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Medical Virology","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141529535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Infectious viruses and neurodegenerative diseases: The mitochondrial defect hypothesis","authors":"Tianshi Jiang, Kaili Zhu, Guangli Kang, Guojun Wu, Lili Wang, Yurong Tan","doi":"10.1002/rmv.2565","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rmv.2565","url":null,"abstract":"Global attention is riveted on neurodegenerative diseases due to their unresolved aetiologies and lack of efficacious therapies. Two key factors implicated include mitochondrial impairment and microglial ageing. Several viral infections, including Herpes simplex virus‐1 (HSV‐1), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and Epstein‐Barr virus, are linked to heightened risk of these disorders. Surprisingly, numerous studies indicate viruses induce these aforementioned precipitating events. Epstein‐Barr virus, Hepatitis C Virus, HIV, respiratory syncytial virus, HSV‐1, Japanese Encephalitis Virus, Zika virus and Enterovirus 71 specifically impact mitochondrial function, leading to mitochondrial malfunction. These vital organelles govern various cell activities and, under specific circumstances, trigger microglial ageing. This article explores the role of viral infections in elucidating the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative ailments. Various viruses instigate microglial ageing via mitochondrial destruction, causing senescent microglia to exhibit activated behaviour, thereby inducing neuroinflammation and contributing to neurodegeneration.","PeriodicalId":21180,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Medical Virology","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141515532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transmission dynamics, complications and mitigation strategies of the current mpox outbreak: A comprehensive review with bibliometric study.","authors":"Ranjan K Mohapatra, Puneet K Singh, Francesco Branda, Snehasish Mishra, L V Simhachalam Kutikuppala, Tarun K Suvvari, Venkataramana Kandi, Azaj Ansari, Dhruv N Desai, Mubarak Alfaresi, Nawal A Al Kaabi, Mona A Al Fares, Mohammed Garout, Muhammad A Halwani, Mohammed Alissa, Ali A Rabaan","doi":"10.1002/rmv.2541","DOIUrl":"10.1002/rmv.2541","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As the mankind counters the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), it simultaneously witnesses the emergence of mpox virus (MPXV) that signals at global spread and could potentially lead to another pandemic. Although MPXV has existed for more than 50 years now with most of the human cases being reported from the endemic West and Central African regions, the disease is recently being reported in non-endemic regions too that affect more than 50 countries. Controlling the spread of MPXV is important due to its potential danger of a global spread, causing severe morbidity and mortality. The article highlights the transmission dynamics, zoonosis potential, complication and mitigation strategies for MPXV infection, and concludes with suggested 'one health' approach for better management, control and prevention. Bibliometric analyses of the data extend the understanding and provide leads on the research trends, the global spread, and the need to revamp the critical research and healthcare interventions. Globally published mpox-related literature does not align well with endemic areas/regions of occurrence which should ideally have been the scenario. Such demographic and geographic gaps between the location of the research work and the endemic epicentres of the disease need to be bridged for greater and effective translation of the research outputs to pubic healthcare systems, it is suggested.</p>","PeriodicalId":21180,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Medical Virology","volume":"34 3","pages":"e2541"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140922974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global seroprevalence and prevalence of infection of influenza in dogs (Canis familiaris): A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Char Leung, Amy Nishio King, Phoebe Rosemary Alice Barker, Abdulwahab Dhari Alshallal, Jia Yi Lee, Li Su","doi":"10.1002/rmv.2542","DOIUrl":"10.1002/rmv.2542","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Influenza in dogs holds considerable public health significance due to their close companionship with humans, yet several facets of this phenomenon remain largely unexplored. This study undertook a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies to gauge the global seroprevalence of influenza in dogs. We also assessed whether pet dogs exhibited a higher seroprevalence of influenza compared to non-pet dogs, explored seasonal variations in seroprevalence, scrutinised the design and reporting standards of existing studies, and elucidated the geographical distribution of canine influenza virus (cIV). A comprehensive analysis of 97 studies spanning 27 countries revealed that seroprevalence of various influenza strains in dogs consistently registered below 10% and exhibited relative stability over the past decade. Significantly, we noted that seroprevalence of human influenza virus was notably higher in pet dogs compared to their non-pet counterparts, whereas seroprevalence of other influenza strains remained relatively uniform among both categories of dogs. Seasonal variations in seroprevalence of cIV were not observed. In summary, our findings indicated the global circulation of cIV strains H3N2 and H3N8, with other strains primarily confined to China. Given the lack of reported cases of the transmission of cIV from dogs to humans, our findings suggest a higher risk of reverse zoonosis than zoonosis. Finally, we strongly advocate for standardised reporting guidelines to underpin future canine influenza research endeavours.</p>","PeriodicalId":21180,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Medical Virology","volume":"34 3","pages":"e2542"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140922973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SARS-CoV-2, periodontal pathogens, and host factors: The trinity of oral post-acute sequelae of COVID-19.","authors":"Joel Schwartz, Kristelle J Capistrano, Joseph Gluck, Armita Hezarkhani, Afsar R Naqvi","doi":"10.1002/rmv.2543","DOIUrl":"10.1002/rmv.2543","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>COVID-19 as a pan-epidemic is waning but there it is imperative to understand virus interaction with oral tissues and oral inflammatory diseases. We review periodontal disease (PD), a common inflammatory oral disease, as a driver of COVID-19 and oral post-acute-sequelae conditions (PASC). Oral PASC identifies with PD, loss of teeth, dysgeusia, xerostomia, sialolitis-sialolith, and mucositis. We contend that PD-associated oral microbial dysbiosis involving higher burden of periodontopathic bacteria provide an optimal microenvironment for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. These pathogens interact with oral epithelial cells activate molecular or biochemical pathways that promote viral adherence, entry, and persistence in the oral cavity. A repertoire of diverse molecules identifies this relationship including lipids, carbohydrates and enzymes. The S protein of SARS-CoV-2 binds to the ACE2 receptor and is activated by protease activity of host furin or TRMPSS2 that cleave S protein subunits to promote viral entry. However, PD pathogens provide additional enzymatic assistance mimicking furin and augment SARS-CoV-2 adherence by inducing viral entry receptors ACE2/TRMPSS, which are poorly expressed on oral epithelial cells. We discuss the mechanisms involving periodontopathogens and host factors that facilitate SARS-CoV-2 infection and immune resistance resulting in incomplete clearance and risk for 'long-haul' oral health issues characterising PASC. Finally, we suggest potential diagnostic markers and treatment avenues to mitigate oral PASC.</p>","PeriodicalId":21180,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Medical Virology","volume":"34 3","pages":"e2543"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11260190/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141088337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between cytomegalovirus infection and neurological disorders: A systematic review.","authors":"Samira Sanami, Shahnam Shamsabadi, Amir Dayhimi, Mohammad Pirhayati, Sajjad Ahmad, Ahmadreza Pirhayati, Marjan Ajami, Sara Hemati, Masoud Shirvani, Ahmad Alagha, Davood Abbarin, Akram Alizadeh, Hamidreza Pazoki-Toroudi","doi":"10.1002/rmv.2532","DOIUrl":"10.1002/rmv.2532","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cytomegalovirus (CMV) belongs to the Herpesviridae family and is also known as human herpesvirus type 5. It is a common virus that usually doesn't cause any symptoms in healthy individuals. However, once infected, the virus remains in the host's body for life and can reactivate when the host's immune system weakens. This virus has been linked to several neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Autism spectrum disorder, Huntington's disease (HD), ataxia, Bell's palsy (BP), and brain tumours, which can cause a wide range of symptoms and challenges for those affected. CMV may influence inflammation, contribute to brain tissue damage, and elevate the risk of moderate-to-severe dementia. Multiple studies suggest a potential association between CMV and ataxia in various conditions, including Guillain-Barré syndrome, chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, acute cerebellitis, etc. On the other hand, the evidence regarding CMV involvement in BP is conflicting, and also early indications of a link between CMV and HD were challenged by subsequent research disproving CMV's presence. This systematic review aims to comprehensively investigate any link between the pathogenesis of CMV and its potential role in neurological disorders and follows the preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis checklist. Despite significant research into the potential links between CMV infection and various neurological disorders, the direct cause-effect relationship is not fully understood and several gaps in knowledge persist. Therefore, continued research is necessary to gain a better understanding of the role of CMV in neurological disorders and potential treatment avenues.</p>","PeriodicalId":21180,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Medical Virology","volume":"34 3","pages":"e2532"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140319054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and factors associated with viral non-suppression in people living with HIV receiving antiretroviral therapy in sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Idda H Mosha, Goodluck G Nyondo, Castory G Munishi, Belinda J Njiro, George M Bwire","doi":"10.1002/rmv.2540","DOIUrl":"10.1002/rmv.2540","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite advances in HIV treatment, the burden of viral non-suppression (VNS) remains a treatment success concern, particularly in Sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries. We determined the prevalence and factors associated with VNS for people living with HIV (PLHIV) receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART). This review, registered with PROSPERO (CRD42023470234), conducted an extensive search for evidence, focusing on PLHIV living in SSA on ART from the year 2000 to 19^th October 2023, across databases including PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus. A total of 2357 articles were screened, from which 32 studies met the criteria for the final analysis, involving 756,620 PLHIV of all ages. The pooled prevalance for VNS was found to be 20.0% (95% CI: 15.43%-25.52%, I² = 100%, p-value <0.01) Children and adolescents demonstrated the highest prevalence of VNS (viral load ≥1000 copies/mL) at 27.98% (95% CI: 21.91%-34.97%, I² = 94%, p-value <0.01). The study revealed various factors associated with increased odds (risk) of VNS, p-value <0.05. These factors encompassed socio-demographics such as sex, age, education level, and marital status. Additionally, aspects related to HIV care, such as the facility attended, HIV status disclosure and adherence exhibited higher odds of VNS. Suboptimal ART adherence, longer duration on ART, socio-economic factors, lack of family and social support, presence of co-morbidities, advanced WHO HIV clinical stage, ART regimens, lower CD4+ count, abnormal body mass index, history of treatment interruptions, and progression of HIV illness were associated with VNS. Furthermore, behavioural/psychological factors including depression, substance use, negative perceptions towards ART, experiences of abuse, alcohol use, stigma, and certain patterns of sexual behaviour were also identified as factors for VNS. The occurrence of two VNS to every ten PLHIV on ART poses a threat to the progress made towards reaching the third 95% UNAIDS target in SSA. Additionally, these findings highlight the intricate interplay of various factors, encompassing patient characteristics, behavioural patterns, sociocultural influences, and pharmacological factors, all impacting VNS among PLHIV. Recognising its multifaceted nature, we recommend designing and implementing high impact interventions to effectively address VNS in SSA.</p>","PeriodicalId":21180,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Medical Virology","volume":"34 3","pages":"e2540"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11829566/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140857936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential therapeutic strategies to halt viral neuroinvasion.","authors":"Luping Zhang, Usama Ashraf, Huanchun Chen, Shengbo Cao, Jing Ye","doi":"10.1002/rmv.2539","DOIUrl":"10.1002/rmv.2539","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The viral infection of the central nervous system is a significant public health concern. So far, most clinical cases of viral neuroinvasion are dealt with supportive and/or symptomatic treatments due to the unavailability of specific treatments. Thus, developing specific therapies is required to alleviate neurological symptoms and disorders. In this review, we shed light on molecular aspects of viruses' entry into the brain which upon targeting with specific drugs have shown promising efficacy in vitro and in preclinical in vivo model systems. Further assessing the therapeutic potential of these drugs in clinical trials may offer opportunities to halt viral neuroinvasion in humans.</p>","PeriodicalId":21180,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Medical Virology","volume":"34 3","pages":"e2539"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140892610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}