Lisanne E.J. van Geffen , Erica van Herpen , Robert P.G. Goedegebure , Hans C.M. van Trijp [email protected]
{"title":"A field study on the reduction of household grain waste: The effects of social norms and measuring cups","authors":"Lisanne E.J. van Geffen , Erica van Herpen , Robert P.G. Goedegebure , Hans C.M. van Trijp [email protected]","doi":"10.1016/j.resconrec.2025.108405","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resconrec.2025.108405","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Household food waste has a significant impact on the environment and to diminish this, understanding the effectiveness of different types of interventions, alone and in combination, is key. To better understand what makes waste-reduction interventions effective, we need to disentangle different intervention components. This study aims to contribute to existing knowledge by using the Motivation, Opportunity and Ability framework in guiding effective intervention development. In a two-by-two between subjects field study (<em>N</em> = 314), the effectiveness of an intervention containing a motivational, opportunity and ability component, is compared to an intervention containing only a motivational component and an intervention with a combined opportunity & ability component. Results indicate that only an intervention combining all MOA components (measuring cup with descriptive social norm) effectively reduces household grain waste (pasta, rice, couscous). This demonstrates the usefulness of the MOA framework in directing intervention development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21153,"journal":{"name":"Resources Conservation and Recycling","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 108405"},"PeriodicalIF":11.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144261984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Assessing the global sustainability implications of China’s lithium-ion battery sector using value chain analysis","authors":"Haoning Liu, Teresa Domenech Aparisi","doi":"10.1016/j.resconrec.2025.108452","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resconrec.2025.108452","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sustainable supply chain management (SSCM) of critical raw materials (CRMs) is instrumental for the low-carbon transitions. Recent literature has emerged mapping CRMs’ physical flows and analysing their current degree of circularity. However, limited research has focused on the understanding of the patterns of value-added creation along the supply chain, as a critical step in assessing long-term sustainability through rethinking how value is retained and created in circular loops. This paper develops a value chain analysis (VCA) model, with a consideration of value retaining processes (VRPs), which combines physical and monetary value flows of lithium (Li) for China’s lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) sector. The results indicate that the largest stages of value creation in China’s LIBs supply chain are Li chemicals refining and LIBs-powered products production, while an estimated economic loss happens at end-of-life (EOL). Results also highlight three main issues that affect value addition in the whole chain, including: (1) price volatility of upstream raw materials; (2) VRPs conducted at EOL; (3) international trade dynamics in the downstream LIBs and LIBs-powered products. Therefore, targeted policies to enhance CRMs traceability along LIBs value chain and stringent regulatory requirements for EOL recovery are needed to enhance resilience, maintain value, and sustainability. These need to be accompanied by international cooperation to globally address lithium supply chain risks and reduce associated impacts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21153,"journal":{"name":"Resources Conservation and Recycling","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 108452"},"PeriodicalIF":11.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144261979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jincheng Li , Jiaxing Fu , Taher Kahil , Dor Fridman , Kaikui Cai , Shasha Xu , Gang Zhao , Man Zhang , Xingxing Duan , Yue Qin , Yong Liu
{"title":"Temporal lag in nitrogen use efficiency and its implications for sustainable cropland management","authors":"Jincheng Li , Jiaxing Fu , Taher Kahil , Dor Fridman , Kaikui Cai , Shasha Xu , Gang Zhao , Man Zhang , Xingxing Duan , Yue Qin , Yong Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.resconrec.2025.108451","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resconrec.2025.108451","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Improving nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) is crucial for sustainable agriculture. Despite recent advancements, China continues to face significant environmental risks due to nitrogen surplus. This study examines the spatiotemporal dynamics of cropland nitrogen use across 350 prefecture-level cities from 1980 to 2020. Results reveal a persistent “three highs and one low” pattern-high input, high output, high surplus, and low NUE. Although NUE increased from 35 % in 2003 to 49 % in 2020, the turning point occurred around 2005, coinciding with the national fertilizer reduction policy. Significant regional disparities remain, with low NUE in the Northwest and Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and high NUE in the Northeast and Sichuan Basin. A temporal lag between nitrogen input and NUE highlights the legacy effects of past nitrogen accumulation. Practices such as straw return and manure recycling in key regions have demonstrated benefits. Findings underscore the need for region-specific, resource-efficient nitrogen governance strategies to enhance long-term sustainability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21153,"journal":{"name":"Resources Conservation and Recycling","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 108451"},"PeriodicalIF":11.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144253901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Efficient and selective gold recovery from practical e-waste and electroplating wastewater using protein crystals","authors":"Xiao-Qian Jin, Jia-Lei Li, Chen-Yuan Li, Liang-Liang Chen, Xue-Ting Wang, Wen-Pu Shi, Jun-Bin Xiong, Rui Zhang, Wei-Hong Guo, Da-Chuan Yin","doi":"10.1016/j.resconrec.2025.108450","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resconrec.2025.108450","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Gold recovery from wastes is becoming increasingly important in gold production. However, satisfactory recovery technologies are lacking. Here we show that protein (hemoglobin) crystals exhibit outstanding performance in gold recovery. We prepared crosslinked hemoglobin crystals (CLHCs) from discarded bovine blood. The CLHCs demonstrated combined advantages in gold recovery: high recovery efficiency (100 %), high selectivity (recovery efficiency 95.14 % for Au<sup>3+</sup> versus 0 % for ions like Cu<sup>2+</sup>), ultra-trace gold recovery (residual Au<sup>3+</sup> 0.19 ppb), rapid equilibrium (2 min), and low cost (25.25 CNY/kg). We tested their recovery performance on e-waste and electroplating wastewater, proving that they are indeed practically applicable. Mechanism studies have shown that the performance is attributed to the combined effects of the physical adsorption of Au<sup>3+</sup> by the crystals and the chemical reduction of Au<sup>3+</sup> by the amino acids. Our approach is a typical sustainable technology, as it utilizes waste (animal blood) to recycle waste (e-waste and electroplating wastewater).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21153,"journal":{"name":"Resources Conservation and Recycling","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 108450"},"PeriodicalIF":11.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144253902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Long Chen , Jianming Zhu , Ziwei Lin , Xiaohan Zhi , Zimu Qin , Hongtao Zhu
{"title":"Efficient carbon/phosphorus recovery from sludge anaerobic fermentation with recyclable MOF-based conductive materials activating sodium persulfate","authors":"Long Chen , Jianming Zhu , Ziwei Lin , Xiaohan Zhi , Zimu Qin , Hongtao Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.resconrec.2025.108449","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resconrec.2025.108449","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recovering volatile fatty acids (VFAs) and phosphorus (P) from waste activated sludge (WAS) via anaerobic fermentation (AF) is hindered by several challenges, including low sludge disintegration efficiency and limited P release and recovery. This study addresses these challenges by incorporating a novel and recyclable composite material, FeM@CS, alongside sodium persulfate (PS) in AF. The activation of PS by FeM@CS generates ·SO<sub>4</sub><sup>−</sup>, ·OH, and <sup>1</sup>O<sub>2</sub>, which enhance WAS disintegration by a 706.54 % increase in soluble chemical oxygen demand and a 280.90 % increase in VFAs yield. The unique conductive structure of FeM@CS, facilitates electron (<em>e</em><sup>−</sup>) and proton (<em>H</em><sup>+</sup>) transfer between enriched functional bacteria (e.g., Firmicutes) on its surface, boosting bacterial metabolism and enzyme activity. Nearly 100 % of released P were adsorbed by 7 g of FeM@CS. This study offering a novel strategy for the efficient resource recovery and the safe disposal of sludge through enhanced <em>e</em><sup>−</sup>/<em>H</em><sup>+</sup> transfer pathways regulated by AF.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21153,"journal":{"name":"Resources Conservation and Recycling","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 108449"},"PeriodicalIF":11.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144243426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ryan W. Clarke , Briona J. Carswell , Jason S. DesVeaux , Levi J. Hamernik , Clarissa Lincoln , Vinod K. Konaganti , Rufina G. Alamo , Katrina M. Knauer
{"title":"Re-directing mixed-feed deconstruction products to hybrid polyesters: Tolerance windows for commodity plastics reconstruction","authors":"Ryan W. Clarke , Briona J. Carswell , Jason S. DesVeaux , Levi J. Hamernik , Clarissa Lincoln , Vinod K. Konaganti , Rufina G. Alamo , Katrina M. Knauer","doi":"10.1016/j.resconrec.2025.108439","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resconrec.2025.108439","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Solvolysis is a promising strategy for mixed-feed polyester recycling, but little attention has been given to downstream product separations or the impact of using imperfectly separated monomer mixtures in recycled polymer reconstruction. Here, we challenge the traditional need for high-purity monomers in polycondensation synthesis of engineering thermoplastics. Monomer mixtures are derived from catalyzed methanolysis of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), and polybutylene adipate-<em>co</em>-terephthalate (PBAT), with separation scenarios ranging from high (99:1) to low (90:10) purity. We focus on challenging-to-separate products like ethylene glycol and 1,4-butanediol and evaluate tolerance for comonomer incorporation in recycled hybrid polyesters: polybutylene-<em>co</em>-ethylene terephthalate (PBET) and polybutylene ethylene adipate-<em>co</em>-terephthalate (PBEAT). Evaluations are made between “contaminant” monomer incorporation, and the resulting materials’ thermal properties, crystalline structure, tensile toughness, and rheology. Ultimately, we highlight that despite incorporation of contaminant monomer, high-performance hybrid polyesters of PET, PBT, and PBAT are obtained while reducing the strain of high-throughput separations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21153,"journal":{"name":"Resources Conservation and Recycling","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 108439"},"PeriodicalIF":11.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144243425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
William Horan , Michael Quilligan , George Bishop , David Styles
{"title":"Improving biogenic carbon and land use accounting for construction wood","authors":"William Horan , Michael Quilligan , George Bishop , David Styles","doi":"10.1016/j.resconrec.2025.108434","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resconrec.2025.108434","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Harvested wood product (HWP) inventory data in Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) databases are limited in terms of geographical scope. Thus, LCA studies of wood products often neglect important variations in growth rates and wood densities across tree species and regions. Resulting discrepancies in biogenic carbon accounting along value chains for HWP used in construction undermines accurate representation of their climate mitigation potentials. This study provides LCA practitioners with a preliminary dataset of European Union country-specific biogenic carbon contents and land footprints for coniferous sawn wood by tree species. These are calculated by linking (1) merchantable wood productivity for even aged conifer plantations based on the EU Carbon Budget Model, and (2) sawn wood national product breakouts and sawmill product efficiency factors. Incorporating these factors into LCA of construction and wood value chains could enhance accuracy of climate mitigation attribution, and enable soft-linking of wood use in construction with land use models.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21153,"journal":{"name":"Resources Conservation and Recycling","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 108434"},"PeriodicalIF":11.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144253900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Re-using end-of-life solar waste for solid state lithium metal batteries","authors":"Yeow Boon Tay , Qinjie Wu , Ankit , Nripan Mathews","doi":"10.1016/j.resconrec.2025.108425","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resconrec.2025.108425","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Upcycling materials from end-of-life photovoltaics (EoL PV) into energy storage applications is gaining traction due to the favorable promotion of the circular economy. However, despite being one of the heaviest components, solar glass from EoL PV is often overlooked in this upcycling trend. Inert nanoparticles have been identified to enhance the performance of solid polymer electrolytes (SPE), which can potentially be sourced from the solar glass. In this study, a scalable ball milling process was used to mill broken glass from end-of-life solar panels down to approximately 300 nm. These milled glass nanoparticles were then incorporated into a polyethylene oxide-based (PEO) solid polymer electrolyte. The resulting SPE demonstrated increased electrochemical stability and an improved ionic conductivity of 1.10 × 10⁻⁵ S cm⁻¹, while maintaining a specific capacity of 113.60 mAh g⁻¹ after 80 charge cycles, marking an 8.3 % improvement over pure PEO with Li salt samples.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21153,"journal":{"name":"Resources Conservation and Recycling","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 108425"},"PeriodicalIF":11.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144243424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kirstin Schneider , Marco Ahuis , Laura Helmers , Peter Michalowski , Bengi Yagmurlu , Arno Kwade
{"title":"Sustainable recycling of polymer solid-state batteries – a mechanical-hydrometallurgical case study","authors":"Kirstin Schneider , Marco Ahuis , Laura Helmers , Peter Michalowski , Bengi Yagmurlu , Arno Kwade","doi":"10.1016/j.resconrec.2025.108430","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resconrec.2025.108430","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Polymer solid-state batteries (SSBs) are a promising next-generation energy storage technology critical to the energy transition and are already being used in the first electric vehicles. Unlike conventional lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) with liquid electrolytes, polymer SSBs contain different materials such as flexible polymers, metal anodes and composite cathodes, which influence the overall recyclability. However, the recycling of polymer SSBs remains underexplored, and current research is usually limited to individual components of the polymer SSB. Therefore, it remains unclear how polymer SSB full cells with higher material complexity affect the state-of-the-art recycling processes. Here, a novel mechanical-hydrometallurgical process flowsheet has been developed to recycle polymer SSBs. Unlike conventional LIBs, polymer SSBs do not yield a black mass fraction during mechanical recycling. However, optimized mechanical pre-treatment was essential for hydrometallurgical extraction of valuable components. An innovative salt leaching process using Cu(II) sulfate was developed for the safe aqueous recycling of Li metal anodes in polymer SSBs. Compared to conventional lixiviants, this salt-leaching approach based on cementation significantly decreased H<sub>2</sub> emissions by up to 91 %, thus improving operational safety by mitigating the risk of an explosive atmosphere. Additionally, Cu(II) sulfate leaching achieved high leaching efficiencies for Li, Fe, and P exceeding 96 %. After impurity removal by hydroxide precipitation, Li<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> recovery was demonstrated as a suitable candidate for LiFePO<sub>4</sub> resynthesis. Overall, a high cumulative Li recycling efficiency of 90 % was achieved. This novel process for recycling polymer SSBs anticipates robust, scalable, energy-efficient, and environmentally friendly processes, promoting a circular economy for the battery industry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21153,"journal":{"name":"Resources Conservation and Recycling","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 108430"},"PeriodicalIF":11.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144231030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jannis Wesselkaemper , Alex C. Newkirk , Thomas P. Hendrickson , Nadiyah Helal , Prakash Rao , Sarah J. Smith , Andrew Z. Haddad
{"title":"Enhancing supply resilience for critical materials: case study of gallium supply in the United States","authors":"Jannis Wesselkaemper , Alex C. Newkirk , Thomas P. Hendrickson , Nadiyah Helal , Prakash Rao , Sarah J. Smith , Andrew Z. Haddad","doi":"10.1016/j.resconrec.2025.108436","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resconrec.2025.108436","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accelerating energy technology development will increase demand for critical raw materials, such as gallium, that enable clean energy technologies. Processing of gallium is concentrated in mainland China (98 % of global production in 2023), resulting in high supply risks for importing countries. To investigate pathways for more resilient supply, we develop a material flow analysis and apply it to the United States, showing the impacts of future domestic primary raw material production and end-of-life (EoL) product recycling on reducing import reliance of raw gallium metal. We complement this analysis with a techno-economic assessment of North American gallium production costs under various demand growth scenarios. Our results indicate that sufficient domestic feedstocks exist to meet U.S. demand under most scenarios by 2035, while EoL recycling can supply up to 50 % under a low-demand growth scenario. Domestic primary production shows significant cost advantages over gallium recycling.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21153,"journal":{"name":"Resources Conservation and Recycling","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 108436"},"PeriodicalIF":11.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144231092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}