Psychological Reports最新文献

{"title":"Exploring the Cross-Over Effect of Employees' Compulsory Citizenship Behavior on Spousal Family Satisfaction: A Moderated Mediation Model of Complaints and Mindfulness.","authors":"Huai-Liang Liang, Chia-Hsuan Wang","doi":"10.1177/00332941241301342","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00332941241301342","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Compulsory citizenship behavior (CCB), the \"dark\" facet of organizational citizenship behavior, typically embodies good citizenship behavior within an organization. This study aimed to examine how employees' compelled engagement in extraneous role behaviors diminishes their spouses' well-being through complaints. Specifically, this study developed and evaluated a moderated mediation model in which employee mindfulness moderates the pathway from complaints to spousal well-being. This moderation is achieved by suppressing employees' behavioral responses and spousal reactions. To validate the proposed model, the author conducted a two-time-point time-lag design to explore the relationships among 386 employee-spouse dyads. The findings confirmed the critical moderating role of mindfulness in these relationships, as elucidated by the time-lag research design. Additionally, this study presents relevant theoretical and practical implications for future studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":21149,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Reports","volume":" ","pages":"332941241301342"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142668934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Personality and Interpersonal Influence: Low Adjustment and Low Competitiveness is Associated With Low Assertiveness.","authors":"Adrian Furnham, Stephen Cuppello, David S Semmelink","doi":"10.1177/00332941241246201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00332941241246201","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study examined the relationship between personality and interpersonal assertiveness styles, an important and neglected topic. In all, 396 working adults completed a six-factor personality test measuring work-related traits (HPTI) and a two-dimensional assessment of interpersonal styles (III) assessing four styles: Assertiveness, Passiveness, Hostile aggression, and Manipulative aggression. We were particularly interested in the correlates of aggressive and passive behaviour, as opposed to assertive behaviour. The results suggested that those with low Conscientiousness and Adjustment (i.e. Neuroticism) but high Competitiveness (low Agreeableness) were more interpersonally aggressive, while passivity was negatively associated with all traits, particularly Adjustment, but not with Conscientiousness. Regressions indicated very different traits associated with each of the four interpersonal styles. Assertiveness was associated with sex and age, but only one trait, Risk Approach (or Courage). Limitations of these findings and implications of assessing and teaching assertiveness are discussed and considered.</p>","PeriodicalId":21149,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Reports","volume":" ","pages":"332941241246201"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142639692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Relationship Between Work Engagement, Depression, Anxiety, and COVID-19 Anxiety in Physician Assistant Students.","authors":"Sydney N Pepper, Emily T Farrell, Robin M Dawson, Michael D Wirth","doi":"10.1177/00332941241300968","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00332941241300968","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction:</b> Physician assistants (PAs) are subject to high levels of burnout, depressive symptoms, and anxiety, which can negatively impact quality of care and patient outcomes. Learning how to handle stress in the classroom may increase success and engagement in PA programs. The goal of this study was to characterize burnout, depressive symptoms, and anxiety in current PA students and examine the relationship between these factors and work engagement.<b>Methods:</b> This cross-sectional study surveyed PA students (<i>n</i> = 42) via convenience sampling from eighteen different PA programs across North and South Carolina in October, 2021. Questionnaires included the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES-17), the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-2), the General Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD-7), and the COVID-19 Anxiety Scale (CIAS). Adjusted linear regression was used to assess associations between the GAD-7, PHQ-2, and CIAS and the three subscales of the UWES-17 (vigor, dedication, and absorption).<b>Results:</b> Students were primarily female (79%), white (79%), second-year students (62%), and had an average body mass index of 21.0 ± 3.9 kg/m². A one-unit increase in the GAD-7 was associated with a decrease in the vigor (β = -0.94, SE = 0.19, <i>p</i> < .01) and dedication (β = -0.42, SE = 0.15, <i>p</i> = .01) subscales. A one-unit increase in the PHQ-2 was associated with a decrease in the vigor subscale (β = -2.94, SE = 0.60, <i>p</i> < .01).<b>Conclusions:</b> Recognizing warning signs of declining mental health early among PA school students may be key to increasing resilience, enthusiasm, and concentration, which may enhance school/work engagement. More work is needed to elucidate potential intervention targets to increase school/work engagement in PA students.</p>","PeriodicalId":21149,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Reports","volume":" ","pages":"332941241300968"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142639693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors of Fake News Sharing in the Context of the Ukraine-Russia Conflict: The Effect of Suspicions About European Unions' Intentions.","authors":"Tudor-Daniel Huţul, Andrei Corneliu Holman, Adina Karner-Huţuleac, Andreea Huţul","doi":"10.1177/00332941241302260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00332941241302260","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study examines the separate and joint effects of potential factors of fake news dissemination. A sample of 359 Romanian participants (61.3% female), aged between 18-79 years (M = 45.01; SD = 15.69) filled questionnaires assessing their perceptions of conflict between European Union (EU) and Ukraine; fake news sharing, and various socio-demographic data. Our results revealed that the behaviour of sharing fake news is positively associated with age and more prevalent in men. Also, people who perceive a conflict between EU and Ukraine and thus suspect that behind the EU's consistent support for Ukraine lies a hidden interest are more inclined to spread fake news. In the female group, age was found to moderate the relationship between perceptions of conflict between EU and Ukraine and fake news sharing. We also discuss the relevance of our findings for public communication efforts aiming to mitigate the dissemination of fake news.</p>","PeriodicalId":21149,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Reports","volume":" ","pages":"332941241302260"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142639681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social Power May Enhance Workplace Initiative: An Experimental Investigation Among Two Samples.","authors":"Tyler N Livingston, Carter R Adams, Connor MacKinnon","doi":"10.1177/00332941241302275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00332941241302275","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) refers to voluntary actions members take to benefit organizational function. However, the benefits of OCB for organizations are sometimes countered by detriments for employees who exhibit them, resulting in threats to organizational members' psychological wellbeing. The present research examined whether social power-the perceived ability to control allocations and outcomes in a social hierarchy-could increase OCB endorsement while buffering against negative personal costs. Indeed, manipulated social power enhanced OCB endorsement. This effect was mediated by increased positive affect and goal seeking among participants assigned to a high-power condition relative to participants assigned to a low-power condition. Further, participants assigned to a high-power (vs. low-power) condition did not report increased occupational burden despite their greater OCB endorsement. Patterns of results were similar among a sample of community members (<i>N</i> = 149; <i>M</i>_age = 37 years) and a sample of university students (<i>N</i> = 129; <i>M</i>_age = 20 years). Organizations might empower members by employing procedural justice principles that facilitate members' meaningful contributions to workplace operations.</p>","PeriodicalId":21149,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Reports","volume":" ","pages":"332941241302275"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142627142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spanish Translation, Adaptation and Psychometric Analysis of a Short Version of the Intercultural Sensitivity Scale in Chilean Public Workers.","authors":"Gonzalo Martínez-Zelaya, David Chavez-Herting, Florencia Guglielmetti-Serrano","doi":"10.1177/00332941241301360","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00332941241301360","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chile has been facing socio-cognitive, affective and cultural tensions and changes due to the constant increase of the migrant population in Chile over the last two decades. This means that local public policy workers must interact and achieve effective communication with migrant users living in their territories. Intercultural sensitivity is understood as the affective dimension of intercultural communication. This dimension facilitates the awareness that people differ in their behaviors, perceptions and feelings during intercultural communication processes, promoting acceptance and respect towards these differences. The aim of this paper was to analyze the factor structure, psychometric properties and invariance of the Intercultural Sensitivity scale (Chen & Starosta, 2000) in a sample of Chilean workers. The sample consists of 337 workers from five municipalities in two regions of Chile. The sample has a mean age of 42.8 years (SD = 10.4), and 62.9% report being female. To determine the factor structure, an unweighted least squares (ULS) parameter estimation method was used, which is recommended for relatively small sample sizes, as is the case in this study. The overall structure of the original scale, although showing adequate indicators in a confirmatory factor analysis, presented serious conflicts in the covariance matrix used. Therefore, the 5-factor structure seen in other studies is disconfirmed. Because of this, it was decided to construct an abbreviated version, but reducing the limitations encountered during the validation process. The final result is a 4-dimensional structure, corresponding to four of the original dimensions, with a total of 13 items. The goodness-of-fit indices (CFI, TLI, RMSEA and SRMR) had optimal levels. The Manifest and Subtle Prejudice scale was used for its divergent validity, presenting all the dimensions of the instrument, and its total score, inverse and significant correlations with manifest prejudice, subtle prejudice, and total prejudice, as expected.</p>","PeriodicalId":21149,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Reports","volume":" ","pages":"332941241301360"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142627143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Clarified Examination of the Item Wording Effect: Item Valence (Good vs. Bad) Versus Semantic Framing (I Am vs. I Am Not).","authors":"Zdravko Marjanovic, Anna Louisa Maidens","doi":"10.1177/00332941241301353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00332941241301353","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Item Wording Effect (IWE) in psychological testing describes how individuals respond differently to positively and negatively worded items. Previous IWE research faced challenges due to measures varying beyond item valence. This study aimed to address this problem by developing an inventory, the <i>Positive and Negative Descriptor Inventory</i> (PANDI), with items varying solely on valence. Semantic framing was manipulated to examine which factor (valence vs. framing) was more causal of the IWE. Using an online survey on Mechanical Turk, 336 Canadian participants responded to PANDI items in different experimental conditions. Results indicated that item valence had a bigger impact on IWE than semantic framing. PANDI-Good items in the Affirming Condition exhibited lower reliability but higher means and response variance than other groups, emphasizing the significant difference in how individuals interpret positive and negating inventory items. This study recommends using negatively worded items sparingly, and not using negating items at all.</p>","PeriodicalId":21149,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Reports","volume":" ","pages":"332941241301353"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142626958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the Relationship Between Trait Mindfulness and Perceived Stress: The Serial Multiple Mediating Roles of Basic Psychological Needs Satisfaction and Psychological Flexibility.","authors":"Pengyuan Li, Yanyun Zhou, Yuan Fang, Zhiyan Chen","doi":"10.1177/00332941241300963","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00332941241300963","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although research suggests that trait mindfulness has been negatively associated with perceived stress, an integrative examination of the underlying mechanisms is lacking. Consequently, the purpose of this study was to establish an integrative model within Monitor and Acceptance Theory (MAT). This model examined the relationship between trait mindfulness and perceived stress by assessing two important psychological resources: basic psychological needs satisfaction (BPNS) and psychological flexibility. A total of 679 young adults (Mage = 19.27 years, SD = 1.06) participated in this research. They completed a set of standardized instruments that assessed trait mindfulness, BPNS, psychological flexibility, and perceived stress. Serial multiple mediation analyses showed that trait mindfulness was associated with higher levels of BPNS and psychological flexibility, which in turn were associated with less perceived stress. Furthermore, the path coefficient of the serial multiple mediation was higher than other pathways. These findings demonstrate that BPNS and psychological flexibility are important mechanisms that underlie the relationship between trait mindfulness and perceived stress, particularly when they are synergistic.</p>","PeriodicalId":21149,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Reports","volume":" ","pages":"332941241300963"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142627144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter re: The Proposed Criminalisation of LGBTQ+ Identities in Ghana: Highlighting the Psychological Health Challenges of Conflicting Values.","authors":"Peter Adu, Raymond Agyenim Boateng","doi":"10.1177/00332941241300122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00332941241300122","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The introduction of Ghana's Anti-LGBTQ+ bill, aimed at criminalising LGBTQ+ identities and advocacies, has sparked widespread debate and significant controversies. In this commentary, we discussed the proposed bill and expounded upon the potential ramifications of such legislation on individual psychological health and well-being. We highlighted the consequences of the clash between differing sets of values. We argued that the criminalisation of LGBTQ+ individuals can intensify stigmatisation and exacerbate suicidal tendencies. Such a bill can also significantly affect broader society, impacting various domains, including education, entertainment, and healthcare delivery. Consequently, we emphasised the importance of fostering LGBTQ+ research, societal acceptance, and support for these individuals. This can promote a healthy society, enhance mental health outcomes and mitigate the risk of poor health outcomes among LGBTQ+ individuals. This commentary advocate for culturally specific, evidence-based studies that examine psychological strategies for changing public attitudes towards minority groups. Such studies may focus on the interplay between societal factors like human rights and norms and health to enhance inclusivity.</p>","PeriodicalId":21149,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Reports","volume":" ","pages":"332941241300122"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142627118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Word Choice Affects Social Judgments: Relational Messages Containing Low-Frequency Words Get Low Evaluations.","authors":"Michael W Alban","doi":"10.1177/00332941241287411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00332941241287411","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Prior research found a <i>word complexity effect</i>: Authors who use complex words are less favorably received when writing academic essays, business letters, and other relatively formal communications. The present study tested if word choice affects evaluations of messages between friends (Experiments 1-2) and spoken messages (Experiment 2). Three widespread dimensions of social judgments were studied - namely, persuasiveness, competence, and sincerity. Participants read/heard messages that varied (between-participants) by ordinary versus low-frequency words (<i>sad</i> vs. <i>forlorn</i>). Messages containing low-frequency words (mostly) received lower evaluations. Most importantly, word choice effects in messages between friends were consistently found - for both written and spoken language. Feedback analysis (Experiment 2) revealed that the overuse of \"big vocabulary\" conflicts with conscious social beliefs regarding ways to communicate, showing that social judgments spring from a combination of conscious social beliefs and the relatively unconscious influence of fluency.</p>","PeriodicalId":21149,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Reports","volume":" ","pages":"332941241287411"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142627147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}