Restorative neurology and neuroscience最新文献

{"title":"Spin of information and inconsistency between abstract and full text in RCTs investigating upper limb rehabilitation after stroke: An overview study.","authors":"Diego Tosatto,&nbsp;Daniele Bonacina,&nbsp;Alessio Signori,&nbsp;Leonardo Pellicciari,&nbsp;Francesca Cecchi,&nbsp;Cesare Maria Cornaggia,&nbsp;Daniele Piscitelli","doi":"10.3233/RNN-211247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/RNN-211247","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Researchers may be tempted to favorably distort the interpretation of their findings when reporting the abstract (i.e., spin). Spin bias overemphasizes the beneficial effects of the intervention compared with the results shown in the full text.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the occurrence of spin bias and incompleteness in reporting abstracts in post-stroke upper limb (UL) rehabilitation randomized clinical trials (RCTs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A sample of 120 post-stroke UL rehabilitation RCTs (indexed in PEDro database), published in English between 2012 and 2020, was included. The completeness of reporting and spin were assessed using the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials for Abstracts (CONSORT-A) and the spin checklist. The relationship between CONSORT-A and spin checklist scores with RCT and journal characteristics was assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CONSORT-A and spin checklist scored 5.3±2.4 (max 15-points, higher scores indicating better reporting) and 5.5±2.0 (max 7-points, higher scores indicating presence of spin), respectively; Significant differences were detected between abstract and full-text scores in the CONSORT-A checklist (p < 0.01) and the spin checklist (p < 0.01). Items of the CONSORT-A checklist in the abstracts and full text showed a fair agreement (k = 0.31), while a moderate agreement (k = 0.59) for the spin checklist was detected. Completeness of abstract was associated (R2 = 0.46) with journal Impact Factor (p < 0.01), CONSORT Guideline endorsement (p = 0.04), and abstract word number (p = 0.02). A lower spin was associated with a higher journal Impact Factor (p = 0.01) and CONSORT Guideline endorsement (p = 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Post-stroke UL rehabilitation RCTs abstracts were largely incomplete showing spin. Authors, reviewers, publishers, and stakeholders should be aware of this phenomenon. Publishers should consider allowing more words in abstracts to improve the completeness of reporting abstracts. Although we have investigated only stroke rehabilitation, our results suggest that health care professionals of all disciplines should avoid clinical decision-making based solely upon abstracts.</p>","PeriodicalId":21130,"journal":{"name":"Restorative neurology and neuroscience","volume":"40 3","pages":"195-207"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10715062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of fine motor and balance exercises on fine motor skills in children with sensorineural hearing loss.","authors":"Elsayed S Mehrem,&nbsp;Lamyaa A Fergany,&nbsp;Said A Mohamed,&nbsp;Hany M Fares,&nbsp;Roshdy M Kamel","doi":"10.3233/RNN-211156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/RNN-211156","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Childhood hearing impairment is a major disability associated with delayed motor development. The affected Fine motor performance in children with sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) could be due to dynamic balance deficits and visual-motor incoordination.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study was designed to investigate the effects of fine motor exercises with or without balancing exercises on fine motor skills in children with SNHL.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>One hundred and eighty (180) children their age ranged from 8 to 18 years old diagnosed with SNHL were selected. They were divided into three groups, 60 children (control group) practiced only their ordinary activities of daily living, 60 children (fine motor exercises group) practiced fine motor exercises, and 60 children (fine motor and balance exercise) group practiced fine motor and balance exercises. The outcomes were assessed by the Bruininks Oseretsky Test of the motor proficiency second edition scale (BOT-2).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Generally, there was a statistically significant difference between control group and fine motor exercises group where (p < 0.05), besides, there was a statistically significant difference between control group and fine motor and balance exercises group where (p < 0.05). But, there was no statistically significant difference between fine motor exercises group and fine motor and balance exercises group where (p > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The Fine Motor performance of children with SNHL has been improved by Fine motor with or without balancing exercises according to (BOT-2).</p>","PeriodicalId":21130,"journal":{"name":"Restorative neurology and neuroscience","volume":"40 1","pages":"43-52"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39639061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can brain stimulation enhance cognition in clinical populations? A critical review.","authors":"Donel M Martin,&nbsp;Marian E Berryhill,&nbsp;Victoria Dielenberg","doi":"10.3233/RNN-211230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/RNN-211230","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Many psychiatric and neurological conditions are associated with cognitive impairment for which there are very limited treatment options. Brain stimulation methodologies show promise as novel therapeutics and have cognitive effects. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), known more for its related transient adverse cognitive effects, can produce significant cognitive improvement in the weeks following acute treatment. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is increasingly used as a treatment for major depression and has acute cognitive effects. Emerging research from controlled studies suggests that repeated TMS treatments may additionally have cognitive benefit. ECT and TMS treatment cause neurotrophic changes, although whether these are associated with cognitive effects remains unclear. Transcranial electrical stimulation methods including transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) are in development as novel treatments for multiple psychiatric conditions. These treatments may also produce cognitive enhancement particularly when stimulation occurs concurrently with a cognitive task. This review summarizes the current clinical evidence for these brain stimulation treatments as therapeutics for enhancing cognition. Acute, or short-lasting, effects as well as longer-term effects from repeated treatments are reviewed, together with potential putative neural mechanisms. Areas of future research are highlighted to assist with optimization of these approaches for enhancing cognition.</p>","PeriodicalId":21130,"journal":{"name":"Restorative neurology and neuroscience","volume":"40 4-6","pages":"241-259"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9890550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of mirror therapy can be improved by simultaneous robotic assistance.","authors":"Mareike Schrader,&nbsp;Annette Sterr,&nbsp;Robyn Kettlitz,&nbsp;Anika Wohlmeiner,&nbsp;Rüdiger Buschfort,&nbsp;Christian Dohle,&nbsp;Stephan Bamborschke","doi":"10.3233/RNN-221263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/RNN-221263","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Standard mirror therapy (MT) is a well-established therapy regime for severe arm paresis after acquired brain injury. Bilateral robot-assisted mirror therapy (RMT) could be a solution to provide visual and somatosensory feedback simultaneously.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The study compares the treatment effects of MT with a version of robot-assisted MT where the affected arm movement was delivered through a robotic glove (RMT).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a parallel, randomized trial, including patients with severe arm paresis after stroke or traumatic brain injury with a Fugl-Meyer subscore hand/finger < 4. Participants received either RMT or MT in individual 30 minute sessions (15 sessions within 5 weeks). Main outcome parameter was the improvement in the Fugl-Meyer Assessment upper extremity (FMA-UE) motor score. Additionally, the Motricity Index (MI) and the FMA-UE sensation test as well as a pain scale were recorded. Furthermore, patients' and therapists' experiences with RMT were captured through qualitative tools.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>24 patients completed the study. Comparison of the FMA-UE motor score difference values between the two groups revealed a significantly greater therapy effect in the RMT group than the MT group (p = 0.006). There were no significant differences for the MI (p = 0.108), the FMA-UE surface sensibility subscore (p = 0.403) as well as the FMA-UE position sense subscore (p = 0.192). In both groups the levels of pain remained stable throughout the intervention. No other adverse effects were observed. The RMT training was well accepted by patients and therapists.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study provides evidence that bilateral RMT achieves greater treatment benefit on motor function than conventional MT. The use of robotics seems to be a good method to implement passive co-movement in clinical practice. Our study further demonstrates that this form of training can feasibly and effectively be delivered in an inpatient setting.</p>","PeriodicalId":21130,"journal":{"name":"Restorative neurology and neuroscience","volume":"40 3","pages":"185-194"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/fa/1d/rnn-40-rnn221263.PMC9484120.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10409323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The rehabilitation of object agnosia and prosopagnosia: A systematic review.","authors":"Silvia Gobbo,&nbsp;Raffaella Calati,&nbsp;Maria Caterina Silveri,&nbsp;Elisa Pini,&nbsp;Roberta Daini","doi":"10.3233/RNN-211234","DOIUrl":"10.3233/RNN-211234","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Agnosia for objects is often overlooked in neuropsychology, especially with respect to rehabilitation. Prosopagnosia has been studied more extensively, yet there have been few attempts at training it. The lack of training protocols may partially be accounted for by their relatively low incidence and specificity to sensory modality. However, finding effective rehabilitations for such deficits may help to reduce their impact on the social and psychological functioning of individuals.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Our aim in this study was to provide clinicians and researchers with useful information with which to conduct new studies on the rehabilitation of object agnosia and prosopagnosia. To accomplish this, we performed a systematic and comprehensive review of the effect of neuropsychological rehabilitation on visual object and prosopagnosia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were followed. In addition, the Single-Case Experimental Design (SCED) and the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) scales were used to assess the quality of reporting.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seven articles regarding object agnosia, eight articles describing treatments for prosopagnosia, and two articles describing treatments for both deficits were included.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In the light of the studies reviewed, treatments based on analysis of parts seem effective for object agnosia, while prosopagnosia appears to benefit most from treatments relying on holistic/configural processing. However, more attempts at rehabilitation of face and object agnosia are needed to clarify the mechanisms of these processes and possible rehabilitations. Moreover, a publication bias could mask a broader attempt to find effective treatments for visual agnosia and leaving out studies that are potentially more informative.</p>","PeriodicalId":21130,"journal":{"name":"Restorative neurology and neuroscience","volume":"40 4-6","pages":"217-240"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10266406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cortical visual impairment at birth can be improved rapidly by vision training in adulthood: A case study.","authors":"Ashim Pandey,&nbsp;Sujaya Neupane,&nbsp;Srijana Adhikary,&nbsp;Keepa Vaidya,&nbsp;Christopher C Pack","doi":"10.3233/RNN-221294","DOIUrl":"10.3233/RNN-221294","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cortical visual impairment (CVI) is a severe loss of visual function caused by damage to the visual cortex or its afferents, often as a consequence of hypoxic insults during birth. It is one of the leading causes of vision loss in children, and it is most often permanent.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Several studies have demonstrated limited vision restoration in adults who trained on well-controlled psychophysical tasks, after acquiring CVI late in life. Other studies have shown improvements in children who underwent vision training. However, little is known about the prospects for the large number of patients who acquired CVI at birth but received no formal therapy as children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We, therefore, conducted a proof-of-principle study in one CVI patient long after the onset of cortical damage (age 18), to test the training speed, efficacy and generalizability of vision rehabilitation using protocols that had previously proven successful in adults. The patient trained at home and in the laboratory, on a psychophysical task that required discrimination of complex motion stimuli presented in the blind field. Visual function was assessed before and after training, using perimetric measures, as well as a battery of psychophysical tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The patient showed remarkably rapid improvements on the training task, with performance going from chance to 80% correct over the span of 11 sessions. With further training, improved vision was found for untrained stimuli and for perimetric measures of visual sensitivity. Some, but not all, of these performance gains were retained upon retesting after one year.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results suggest that existing vision rehabilitation programs can be highly effective in adult patients who acquired CVI at a young age. Validation with a large sample size is critical, and future work should also focus on improving the usability and accessibility of these programs for younger patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":21130,"journal":{"name":"Restorative neurology and neuroscience","volume":"40 4-6","pages":"261-270"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9888304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of gait training on structural brain changes in Parkinson's disease.","authors":"Eunkyung Kim,&nbsp;Heejae Kim,&nbsp;Seo Jung Yun,&nbsp;Min-Gu Kang,&nbsp;Hyun Iee Shin,&nbsp;Byung-Mo Oh,&nbsp;Han Gil Seo","doi":"10.3233/RNN-221295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/RNN-221295","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gait training may lead to functional brain changes in Parkinson's disease (PD); however, there is a lack of studies investigating structural brain changes after gait training in PD.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate structural brain changes induced by 4 weeks of gait training in individuals with PD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Diffusion tensor imaging and structural T1 images were acquired in PD group before and after robot-assisted gait training or treadmill training, and in healthy control group. Tract-based spatial statistics and tensor-based morphometry were conducted to analyze the data. The outcome of gait training was assessed by gait speed and dual-task interference of cognitive or physical tests of the 10-meter walking test representing gait automaticity. The associations between structural brain changes and these outcomes were investigated using correlation analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 31 individuals with PD (68.5±8.7 years, the Hoehn & Yahr stage of 2.5 or 3) and 28 healthy controls (66.6±8.8 years) participated in this study. Compared to the controls, PD group at baseline showed a significant increased fractional anisotropy (FA) in the right forceps minor and bilateral brainstem and reduced radial diffusivity (RD) in the right superior longitudinal fasciculus, as well as the expanded structural volumes in the several brain areas. After gait training, FA increased in the left internal capsule and it decreased in the left cerebellum Crus I, while the structural volume did not change. The increased FA in the left internal capsule positively correlated with the baseline gait speed and negatively correlated with gait speed improvement; moreover, the decreased FA in the left cerebellum Crus I negatively correlated with the baseline gait speed during the cognitive task.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Gait training induces white matter changes in the brain of individuals with PD, which suggests the improvement of brain structural pathology to mitigate the impact of neurodegenerative consequences.</p>","PeriodicalId":21130,"journal":{"name":"Restorative neurology and neuroscience","volume":"40 4-6","pages":"271-288"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9891544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The new method of assessing EEG synchrony is the best instrument for identifying interindividual and intergroup differences","authors":"Kulaichev Alexey Pavlovich","doi":"10.33425/2692-7918.1022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2692-7918.1022","url":null,"abstract":"The principal errors of spectral and coherent analysis are discussed, and the mathematics of these methods is not related to EEG nature. In this regard, in 2011, the new method was developed for evaluating EEG synchrony by the correlation of envelopes, which has a direct and fundamental physiological meaning. The basics of this method and the methodology of subsequent multilateral statistical analysis are considered. The effective use of the method for identifying individual and intergroup differences in the norm and several types of schizophrenia, depressive diseases, five stages of sleep, and similar functional states are presented","PeriodicalId":21130,"journal":{"name":"Restorative neurology and neuroscience","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89185057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Case Report on a Patient With Unrecovered Bell’s Palsy of 2 Years Duration Treated With Non-Interventional Pulsed Radio Frequency Electrical Current","authors":"B. Phyllis","doi":"10.33425/2692-7918.1021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2692-7918.1021","url":null,"abstract":"Patents with unrecovered Bell’s palsy or a mono facial paresis from other conditions that affect the facial nerve as in Ramsey Hunt disorder, iatrogenicity or disease, often find that their condition causes long term paresis in the facial muscles with functional, psychological and social impacts upon their lives. Previous treatments to the local inflammation occurring in the facial nerve as it exits the stylomastoid foramen with ultrasound, non-stimulating electrical currents and electrical functional muscle stimulation of the compromised facial muscles, often do not restore full function to the affected side of the face. A non-interventional pulsed radio frequency (NI-PRF) electrical current has been observed to stimulate the facial nerve with fasciculations occurring in the main branch of the VII th nerve and its concomitant branches to the upper, middle and lower areas of the face resulting in improved motor function. This commences immediately within the first treatment in acute Bell’s Palsy and only 4-6 treatments are required to assist most patients. Prolonged conditions that were previously thought unrecoverable (after years) have restored motor control and this usually occurs between 1 – 3 months of treatment. Treatment requisite does not have to be continuous and can be given twice weekly or even once weekly over the period mentioned above. Even if treatment is interrupted the condition continues to improve. This would have both an economic and efficient time saving impact on these patients. The main case history of an unrecovered Bell’s palsy of 2 years duration is discussed in this report and demonstrates marked improvement after only six treatments. Electroacupuncture is often included in the above treatments as an adjunct to increase circulation and improve muscle activity","PeriodicalId":21130,"journal":{"name":"Restorative neurology and neuroscience","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87173325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Concussion-Avoidance Training to Generate Neck Stiffness as a Conditioned Reflex","authors":"Chiming Huang, G. Justice, A. Still, M. Moncure, R. Huang, Kaori Takehara-Nishiuchi","doi":"10.33425/2692-7918.1020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2692-7918.1020","url":null,"abstract":"Takehara-Nishiuchi","PeriodicalId":21130,"journal":{"name":"Restorative neurology and neuroscience","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78683438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}