Restorative neurology and neuroscience最新文献

{"title":"Scientific basis and active ingredients of current therapeutic interventions for stroke rehabilitation.","authors":"R. Ranganathan, Carson Doherty, M. Gussert, Eva Kaplinski, M. Koje, C. Krishnan","doi":"10.3233/RNN-211243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/RNN-211243","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000Despite tremendous advances in the treatment and management of stroke, restoring motor and functional outcomes after stroke continues to be a major clinical challenge. Given the wide range of approaches used in motor rehabilitation, several commentaries have highlighted the lack of a clear scientific basis for different interventions as one critical factor that has led to suboptimal study outcomes.\u0000\u0000\u0000OBJECTIVE\u0000To understand the content of current therapeutic interventions in terms of their active ingredients.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000We conducted an analysis of randomized controlled trials in stroke rehabilitation over a 2-year period from 2019-2020.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000There were three primary findings: (i) consistent with prior reports, most studies did not provide an explicit rationale for why the treatment would be expected to work, (ii) most therapeutic interventions mentioned multiple active ingredients and there was not a close correspondence between the active ingredients mentioned versus the active ingredients measured in the study, and (iii) multimodal approaches that involved more than one therapeutic approach tended to be combined in an ad-hoc fashion, indicating the lack of a targeted approach.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSION\u0000These results highlight the need for strengthening cross-disciplinary connections between basic science and clinical studies, and the need for structured development and testing of therapeutic approaches to find more effective treatment interventions.","PeriodicalId":21130,"journal":{"name":"Restorative neurology and neuroscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43558715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Complex housing partially mitigates low dose radiation-induced changes in brain and behavior in rats.","authors":"Anna Kovalchuk, R. Mychasiuk, A. Muhammad, S. Hossain, Abhijit Ghose, C. Kirkby, E. Ghasroddashti, O. Kovalchuk, B. Kolb","doi":"10.3233/RNN-211216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/RNN-211216","url":null,"abstract":"PURPOSE\u0000In recent years, much effort has been focused on developing new strategies for the prevention and mitigation of adverse radiation effects on healthy tissues and organs, including the brain. The brain is very sensitive to radiation effects, albeit as it is highly plastic. Hence, deleterious radiation effects may be potentially reversible. Because radiation exposure affects dendritic space, reduces the brain's ability to produce new neurons, and alters behavior, mitigation efforts should focus on restoring these parameters. To that effect, environmental enrichment through complex housing (CH) and exercise may provide a plausible avenue for exploration of protection from brain irradiation. CH is a much broader concept than exercise alone, and constitutes exposure of animals to positive physical and social stimulation that is superior to their routine housing and care conditions. We hypothesized that CHs may lessen harmful neuroanatomical and behavioural effects of low dose radiation exposure.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000We analyzed and compared cerebral morphology in animals exposed to low dose head, bystander (liver), and scatter irradiation on rats housed in either the environmental enrichment condos or standard housing.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000Enriched condo conditions ameliorated radiation-induced neuroanatomical changes. Moreover, irradiated animals that were kept in enriched CH condos displayed fewer radiation-induced behavioural deficits than those housed in standard conditions.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSIONS\u0000Animal model-based environmental enrichment strategies, such as CH, are excellent surrogate models for occupational and exercise therapy in humans, and consequently have significant translational possibility. Our study may thus serve as a roadmap for the development of new, easy, safe and cost-effective methods to prevent and mitigate low-dose radiation effects on the brain.","PeriodicalId":21130,"journal":{"name":"Restorative neurology and neuroscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46725661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of gunshot wounds to the spine at Parakou University Teaching Hospital In Benin Republics","authors":"Quenum Kisito, Coulibaly Oumar, Yakhya Cisse, Padonou Christian, Quenum Hountondji Bernice, F. O. Holden","doi":"10.33425/2692-7918.1024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2692-7918.1024","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Describe the clinical features and bullet removal in gunshot wound (GSW) to the spine. Patients and methods: From 2015 to 2021 we present Case series of consecutive five cases of GSW with spinal cord injury treated at a single center of parakou university neurosurgery department. Results: Patient ages ranged from 16 to 40 yr (mean: 27.4 yr). All the patients were male. Three had complete thoracic spinal cord injury (ASIA A), two had lumbar level injury with cauda equina syndrome in one case. Surgical and rehabilitation management, as well as the outcome, of a patient who with sustained spinal cord injury from a high velocity gunshot wound to the thoracic spine. Decompression and bullet removal were performed using an open surgery. The patient with thoracic spinal cord lesion associated with extended injuries related to bullet fragmentation have a poor prognosis. The patients with incomplete injuries had a good follow-up and neurologic recovery. There were no postoperative wound infections, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) fistulas, or other complications related to the procedure. Conclusion: Surgical decompression and bullet removal is a safe technique that may help reduce the risk of postoperative infections and CSF fistulas in patients with GSW to the thoracic and lumbar spine.","PeriodicalId":21130,"journal":{"name":"Restorative neurology and neuroscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84684828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Social Support on Mental Wellbeing among Internet Users In Nigeria During Covid-19 Pandemic","authors":"Emmanuel Sochukwuma Ezaka,, M. F. Asiegbu, O. P. Chibuike, Okpara Titus Chukwubuzo, Chime Peter Ekpunobi, Ozougwu Augustine Obumneme, Ofojebe Chukwuma Philip, Okoli Alexander Chinwike","doi":"10.33425/2692-7918.1023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2692-7918.1023","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the role of social support on mental wellbeing during COVID-19 Pandemic among internet users in Nigeria. A total of one hundred and six (106) participants (55 (51.9%) females, and 51 (48.9%) males participated in the study. The participant ages ranged from 19-29 years with a mean age of 28.68 and standard deviation of 8.14. Participants were drawn using convenience sampling technique and data were collated using the online Google form method. The link to the survey was shared across different platforms such: as Facebook, Whatsapp, and email list. The participants gave their consent and willingness to participate by checking a box in the online survey. Two instruments were used in data collection namely; a 15-item COVID-19 social support questionnaire (COVID-19- SSQ) and Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale (AWEMWBS). Two hypotheses were tested. The study adopted cross sectional design, while regression was employed for data analysis. The findings indicate that the presence of social support has significant influence on existence of mental wellbeing. It is recommended that social support factor should be sustained because of its buffer effect on mental wellbeing during COVID-19 Pandemic among internet users in Nigeria.","PeriodicalId":21130,"journal":{"name":"Restorative neurology and neuroscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88914452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Donation to Sharing, Experimental Study in Kanak Society : Methodology","authors":"Prou Jean-Pierre","doi":"10.33425/2692-7918.1025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2692-7918.1025","url":null,"abstract":"Since Kanak social norms have a major influence on this endowment effect cognitive bias , I launched a second line of research to examine the extent to which Kanak children and adults exhibit an altruistic (qualified as such in the Western world) pro-social behavior. I switched from gift-giving to sharing, and I examined whether these two were correlated","PeriodicalId":21130,"journal":{"name":"Restorative neurology and neuroscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90267709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A rare case of undulatory rhythmic lingual myoclonus in a patient with intracranial hemorrhage and diffuse pontine lesion","authors":"C. Zachariadi, Ioanna Alexandratou, V. Katsaros, S. Gatzonis","doi":"10.33425/2692-7918.1026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2692-7918.1026","url":null,"abstract":"We describe a 35-year-old man, who suffered a severe intraventricular hemorrhage and was admitted to the intensive care unit of our tertiary clinic. Two weeks after the incident, while in ICU, a neurological examination revealed persistent, undulating, rhythmic, myoclonic tongue movements. The diagnostic evaluation via CT scan, MRI and EEGs elicited a diffuse brainstem lesion as well as multiple corpus callosum lesions as a considerable underlying etiology. This case presentation attempts to update the current investigation of the rare phenomenon of lingual myoclonus.","PeriodicalId":21130,"journal":{"name":"Restorative neurology and neuroscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83994627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Restorative Neurology and Neuroscience: Celebrating the 40th volume of an academic journal.","authors":"Bernhard A Sabel","doi":"10.3233/RNN-239003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/RNN-239003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Since the first issue of the academic journal Restorative Neurology and Neuroscience (RNN) was published in 1989, 40 volumes with a total of 1,550 SCI publications have helped advance basic and clinical sciences in the fields of central and peripheral nervous system rescue, regeneration, restoration and plasticity in experimental and clinical disorders. In this way RNN helped advance the development of a range of neuropsychiatric intervention across a broad spectrum of approaches such as drugs, training (rehabilitation), psychotherapy or neuromodulation with current stimulation. Today, RNN remains a focused, innovative and viable source of scientific information in the neurosciences with high visibility in an ever changing world of academic publishing.</p>","PeriodicalId":21130,"journal":{"name":"Restorative neurology and neuroscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9894631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retraction notice regarding several articles published in Restorative Neurology and Neuroscience.","authors":"","doi":"10.3233/RNN-239001","DOIUrl":"10.3233/RNN-239001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21130,"journal":{"name":"Restorative neurology and neuroscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9894048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retinal nerve fiber and ganglion cell complex layer thicknesses mirror brain atrophy in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.","authors":"Paulina Glasner,&nbsp;Agnieszka Sabisz,&nbsp;Magdalena Chylińska,&nbsp;Jakub Komendziński,&nbsp;Adam Wyszomirski,&nbsp;Bartosz Karaszewski","doi":"10.3233/RNN-211176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/RNN-211176","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Multiple sclerosis (MS) is associated with progressive brain atrophy, which in turn correlates with disability, depression, and cognitive impairment. Relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) is a type of MS in which relapses of the disease are followed by remission periods. This is the most common type of the disease. There is a significant need for easy and low-cost methods to these cerebral changes. Changes in retinal layer thickness may reflect alterations in brain white and gray matter volumes. Therefore, this paper aims to determine whether retinal layer thickness, measured using optical coherence tomography (OCT), correlates with volumetric brain assessments obtained by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study recruited 53 patients with relapsing-remitting MS who underwent MRI and OCT examinations for evaluation of brain compartment volumes and thickness of retinal layers, respectively. OCT parameters, including central retinal thickness; retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFL, peripapillary thickness); ganglion cell complex thickness (GCC, macular thickness); and Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) results were compared with MRI parameters (cerebral cortex; cerebral cortex and basal ganglia combined; brain hemispheres without the ventricular system; and white matter plaques). We also checked whether there is a correlation between the number of RRMS and OCT parameters.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Our primary objective was to identify whether these patients had retinal thickness changes, and our secondary objective was to check if those changes correlated with the MRI brain anatomical changes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>RNFL and GCC thicknesses were strongly (p-value < 0.05) associated with (i) cerebral cortex volume, (ii) combination of brain cortex and basal ganglia volumes, and (iii) the hemispheres but without the ventricular system. White matter plaques (combined) showed only weak or no correlation with RNFL and GCC. There was no correlation between central retinal thickness and brain compartment volumes, and there were weak or no correlations between the summary EDSS scores and OCT results.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Retinal layer thickness measured by OCT correlates with select volumetric brain assessments on MRI. During the course of RRMS, the anatomo-pathological structure of the retina might serve as a surrogate marker of brain atrophy and clinical progression within selected domains.</p>","PeriodicalId":21130,"journal":{"name":"Restorative neurology and neuroscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39935486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Activity dependent stimulation increases synaptic efficacy in spared pathways in an anesthetized rat model of spinal cord contusion injury.","authors":"Jordan A Borrell,&nbsp;Dora Krizsan-Agbas,&nbsp;Randolph J Nudo,&nbsp;Shawn B Frost","doi":"10.3233/RNN-211214","DOIUrl":"10.3233/RNN-211214","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Closed-loop neuromodulation systems have received increased attention in recent years as potential therapeutic approaches for treating neurological injury and disease.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The purpose of this study was to assess the ability of intraspinal microstimulation (ISMS), triggered by action potentials (spikes) recorded in motor cortex, to alter synaptic efficacy in descending motor pathways in an anesthetized rat model of spinal cord injury (SCI).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Experiments were carried out in adult, male, Sprague Dawley rats with a moderate contusion injury at T8. For activity-dependent stimulation (ADS) sessions, a recording microelectrode was used to detect neuronal spikes in motor cortex that triggered ISMS in the spinal cord grey matter. SCI rats were randomly assigned to one of four experimental groups differing by: a) cortical spike-ISMS stimulus delay (10 or 25 ms) and b) number of ISMS pulses (1 or 3). Four weeks after SCI, ADS sessions were conducted in three consecutive 1-hour conditioning bouts for a total of 3 hours. At the end of each conditioning bout, changes in synaptic efficacy were assessed using intracortical microstimulation (ICMS) to examine the number of spikes evoked in spinal cord neurons during 5-minute test bouts. A multichannel microelectrode recording array was used to record cortically-evoked spike activity from multiple layers of the spinal cord.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that ADS resulted in an increase in cortically-evoked spikes in spinal cord neurons at specific combinations of spike-ISMS delays and numbers of pulses. Efficacy in descending motor pathways was increased throughout all dorsoventral depths of the hindlimb spinal cord.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results show that after an SCI, ADS can increase synaptic efficacy in spared pathways between motor cortex and spinal cord. This study provides further support for the potential of ADS therapy as an effective method for enhancing descending motor control after SCI.</p>","PeriodicalId":21130,"journal":{"name":"Restorative neurology and neuroscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/e2/9b/rnn-40-rnn211214.PMC9108576.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39961109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}