Respirology最新文献

{"title":"Clinical Presentation and Diagnostic Evaluation of Vaping Related Lung Injury in Youth.","authors":"Eleanor D Muise, Rachel Gordon, Jacqueline Steiding, Keri Sullivan, Catherine A Sheils, Alicia M Casey","doi":"10.1111/resp.70034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/resp.70034","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>The vaping epidemic is a public health crisis worldwide. E-cigarette, or vaping product, use-associated lung injury (EVALI) was recognised in the summer of 2019 and resulted in more than 2800 hospitalizations and 60 deaths per the Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Vaping refers to the use of E-cigarettes, which are electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) and mimic smoking without combustion. Over 40 million people in the United States vape, of which youth and young adults represent over half. We describe the evaluation and pulmonary complications in a large cohort of adolescents and young adults referred to a Pulmonary Complications of Vaping Clinic.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Youth ages 10-35 with a vaping history and respiratory symptoms underwent a comprehensive diagnostic evaluation. All patients were counselled for vaping cessation. Patients who met criteria for EVALI or probable EVALI with concurrent infection were reported to the Department of Health.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One hundred and thirty patients were referred, and 103 patients underwent comprehensive diagnostic evaluation. Eighty-four percent of patients reported vaping both marijuana and nicotine products. Forty-six percent of patients were diagnosed with EVALI or probable EVALI.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The evolving vaping epidemic demonstrates a need for subject matter expertise in the evaluation and diagnosis of youth with vaping-related lung injury, including EVALI. We report a higher number of youth who met criteria for EVALI with the implementation of a standardised vaping questionnaire and evaluation inclusive of outpatients.</p>","PeriodicalId":21129,"journal":{"name":"Respirology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143711167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fixed CPAP at 10 cmH₂O May Replace Manual Titration in Moderate to Severe OSA Patients: A Preliminary Randomised Controlled Trial.","authors":"Wang Lu, Yan Chen, Qishan Wei, Yingxin Wu, Cuizhen Huang, Shanfeng Liang, Joerg Steier, Peter Catcheside, Danny Eckert, Andrew Wellman, Yuanming Luo","doi":"10.1111/resp.70037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/resp.70037","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Patient compliance with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is similar using manual-titrated pressure compared to auto-titration, although auto-titration pressures are usually 2-5 cmH₂O higher than manual pressure, indicating that CPAP moderately higher than the optimal pressure will not necessarily impair compliance. We try to find the tolerable highest CPAP which does not increase respiratory effort based on changes in lung volume, diaphragm electromyography (EMG) and breathing sensations in healthy volunteers and OSA patients to simplify pressure titration.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Part 1, 12 healthy subjects and 16 OSA patients were enrolled in the measurement of expiratory reserve volume, diaphragm EMG, and expiratory muscle EMG at different CPAP levels. Breathing difficulty during different CPAP levels was assessed using a customised questionnaire in 35 healthy subjects and 33 OSA patients. Part 2, a two-night randomised crossover double-blind trial using the tolerable highest CPAP (10 cmH₂O) based on the results derived from Part 1 and the manually titrated pressure was performed in 25 OSA patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>End expiratory lung volume increased significantly with increasing CPAP. In general, diaphragm EMG changed little when CPAP ≤ 10 cmH₂O. Expiratory muscle activity appeared when CPAP > 12 cmH₂O. There was no significant difference in subjective sensation of breathing difficulty with CPAP ≤ 10 cmH₂O. Sleep structure, AHI, and patient preference with 10 cmH₂O CPAP were not different from those under titrated pressure.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study suggests that most patients with moderate to severe OSA can be effectively treated with CPAP at an initial pressure of 10 cmH₂O without pressure titration.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04925466.</p>","PeriodicalId":21129,"journal":{"name":"Respirology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143701383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sliding Into Misdiagnosis? Distinguishing Bullous Emphysema From Pneumothorax With Lung Ultrasound.","authors":"Casper Falster","doi":"10.1111/resp.70038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/resp.70038","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21129,"journal":{"name":"Respirology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143701386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter From China.","authors":"Chenyang Lu, Qingling Zhang","doi":"10.1111/resp.70029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/resp.70029","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21129,"journal":{"name":"Respirology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143701384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing COPD Care for Women: A Predictive Tool for Palliative Needs.","authors":"Syed Ahmar Shah","doi":"10.1111/resp.70031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/resp.70031","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21129,"journal":{"name":"Respirology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143693133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lung Function Course of Patients With Pulmonary Fibrosis After Initiation of Anti-Fibrotic Treatment: Real-World Data From the Dutch National Registry.","authors":"Mark G J P Platenburg, Gizal Nakshbandi, Catharina C Moor, Aernoud A van Batenburg, Rémy L M Mostard, Mareye Voortman, Linda Moonen, Nicolle Hekelaar, Maria J Overbeek, Brigitte Bogaarts, Henk Kramer, Emiel Marges, Bart B Boerrigter, Paul Bresser, Eveline Schakenraad, Jan van der Maten, C A van der Sloot, Stefan Walen, Pedro M Afonso, Marlies S Wijsenbeek, Jan C Grutters","doi":"10.1111/resp.70030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/resp.70030","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>Real-world data on lung function course of patients with progressive pulmonary fibrosis (PPF) treated with anti-fibrotic medication are limited. We evaluated forced vital capacity (FVC) decline in patients with PPF and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) who started anti-fibrotic treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a nationwide multi-centre registry study in 16 hospitals throughout the Netherlands. Patients treated with anti-fibrotic medication, with at least two in-hospital pulmonary function tests before and after the initiation of anti-fibrotic treatment, were included. Linear mixed-effects modelling was used to analyse lung function trajectories 1 year before and after the start of anti-fibrotic treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Data from 538 patients (n = 142 with PPF, n = 396 with IPF) were analysed. In PPF, the mean annualised FVC decline was 412 mL (95% confidence interval [CI]: 308-517 mL) before the initiation of anti-fibrotic treatment, and 18 mL (95% CI: 9-124 mL) in the first year after. The corresponding declines for IPF were 158 mL (95% CI: 78-239 mL) and 38 mL (95% CI: 24-101 mL). In both groups, treatment significantly slowed down FVC decline, although the change was larger in the PPF group (p = 0.0006). In the first year after treatment initiation, 28.0% of patients with PPF and 27.4% with IPF had disease progression.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The FVC decline significantly slowed after the initiation of treatment for both IPF and PPF. Nevertheless, a significant proportion of patients exhibited disease progression, despite the start of anti-fibrotic treatment. Early identification of these patients is crucial for treatment adaptations and inclusion in clinical trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":21129,"journal":{"name":"Respirology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143693135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developments in Paediatric Interventional Pulmonology: Recent Experience in Turkiye With Broad Implications for the Field.","authors":"Aslı İmran Yılmaz, Dirk Schramm","doi":"10.1111/resp.70035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/resp.70035","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21129,"journal":{"name":"Respirology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143658440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leading Women in Respiratory Clinical Sciences: Letter From Japan.","authors":"Minako Imado, Michiko Morimoto","doi":"10.1111/resp.70033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/resp.70033","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21129,"journal":{"name":"Respirology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143658443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Looking Towards More Comprehensive Management of Interstitial Lung Disease.","authors":"Takuro Sakagami","doi":"10.1111/resp.70015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/resp.70015","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21129,"journal":{"name":"Respirology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143658445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative Assessment of Systemic Sclerosis-Related Interstitial Lung Disease via 3D-Imaging.","authors":"Hiromasa Nakayasu, Yuzo Suzuki, Masato Kono, Dai Hashimoto, Shinpei Kato, Koshi Yokomura, Yusuke Inoue, Hideki Yasui, Hironao Hozumi, Masato Karayama, Kazuki Furuhashi, Noriyuki Enomoto, Tomoyuki Fujisawa, Naoki Inui, Takafumi Suda","doi":"10.1111/resp.70024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/resp.70024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc). The disease course of SSc-related ILD (SSc-ILD) is heterogeneous, and several risk-based models have been developed. This study aimed to quantitatively measure volume loss and disease extent and subsequently evaluate their associations with the development of end-stage lung disease (ESLD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Lung volume (LV) and disease extent were retrospectively and quantitatively evaluated in two cohorts (exploratory: n = 70; validation: n = 42) using high-resolution computed tomography at the time of SSc-ILD diagnosis, compared to controls (n = 70). LV was quantitatively measured using three-dimensional imaging (3D-image) and standardised by predicted forced vital capacity (standardised LV). The ratio of the normally attenuated LV (range, -950 to -750 Hounsfield units) to the whole-LV (NL%) was also measured using 3D-image. The associations of these variables with ESLD were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Volume loss and normal lung area loss were noted in patients with SSc-ILD compared with controls, especially in the lower lobes. Meanwhile, extended ILD lesions without volume reduction were observed in the upper lobes. Both decreased standardised LV and NL% were associated with ESLD development, and age and NL% were significant risk factors for ESLD independent of pulmonary function test parameters and standardised LV. A composite model consisting of age and NL% successfully stratified patients with SSc-ILD based on the risk of ESLD.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>3D-image may be a useful technique for assessing disease severity and predicting the risk for ESLD in patients with SSc-ILD.</p>","PeriodicalId":21129,"journal":{"name":"Respirology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143650090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}