RespirologyPub Date : 2026-04-23DOI: 10.1002/resp.70255
Cze Ci Chan, Bárbara Lacerda Teixeira, Angela Bautista, Melissa D Stinson, Thao T Drcar, Jenny Z Yang, Mona Alotaibi, Timothy M Fernandes, Demosthenes G Papamatheakis, David S Poch, Kim M Kerr, Michael M Madani, Nick H Kim
{"title":"Right Atrial Pressure/Pulmonary Artery Wedge Pressure Ratio Correlates With Early Outcomes After Pulmonary Endarterectomy for Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension.","authors":"Cze Ci Chan, Bárbara Lacerda Teixeira, Angela Bautista, Melissa D Stinson, Thao T Drcar, Jenny Z Yang, Mona Alotaibi, Timothy M Fernandes, Demosthenes G Papamatheakis, David S Poch, Kim M Kerr, Michael M Madani, Nick H Kim","doi":"10.1002/resp.70255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/resp.70255","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>The expected right atrial pressure (RAP) to pulmonary arterial wedge pressure (PAWP) ratio is < 1. Inversion of this ratio (RAP ≥ PAWP) has been linked to poor outcomes in pulmonary arterial hypertension, but its relevance in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is unknown. For patients undergoing pulmonary endarterectomy (PEA), this ratio may be associated with postoperative outcomes and guide postoperative management.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively reviewed consecutive CTEPH patients who underwent PEA at the University of California San Diego from January 2021 to December 2023. RAP/PAWP ratios ≥ 1 and < 1 were compared for postoperative outcomes. Haemodynamic data were derived from preoperative right heart catheterization. Outcomes included reperfusion pulmonary edema (RPE), ventilator days, re-intubation, ICU and hospital length of stay (LOS), and 30-day mortality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 462 CTEPH patients met study criteria. Of these, 128 (27.7%) were in the inverse group (RAP/PAWP ≥ 1) and 334 (72.3%) in the control group (RAP/PAWP < 1). The inverse group had worse baseline functional class, cardiac index, NT-proBNP, and more haemoptysis. Postoperatively, rates of RPE (14% vs. 6%, p = 0.005) and re-intubation (5% vs. 1%, p = 0.036) were higher in the inverse group. They also required more ventilator days (2 vs. 1, p < 0.001) and had longer ICU (4 vs. 3 days, p = 0.002) and hospital LOS (13 vs. 11 days, p < 0.001). Thirty-day mortality was numerically higher in the inverse group (3% vs. 1%), though not statistically significant (p = 0.080).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>RAP/PAWP ratio > 1 prior to PEA surgery was associated with higher rates of early postoperative complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":21129,"journal":{"name":"Respirology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147779725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Heated Tobacco Product Use and Lower Physical Activity Among Japanese Adults With and Without Respiratory Diseases: Findings From the JACSIS Study.","authors":"Mitsuo Hashimoto, Hiroki Yoshida, Takahiro Tabuchi","doi":"10.1002/resp.70256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/resp.70256","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>Physical inactivity contributes to adverse health outcomes and is particularly detrimental in respiratory diseases. Despite being promoted as safer cigarette alternatives, the behavioural effects of heated tobacco products (HTPs) on physical activity remain unclear. This study examined the association between HTP use and physical activity among Japanese adults, particularly those with respiratory diseases.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study used data from the 2023 Japan COVID-19 and Society Internet Survey (JACSIS), including 28,353 participants aged ≥ 15 years. Tobacco use was classified as never, current, or former use of cigarettes and/or HTPs. Physical activity was assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and expressed in MET-min/week. Multivariable analyses applied analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and logistic regression comparing low versus moderate/high physical activity, adjusting for demographic, behavioural, and health factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Predicted means of physical activity from the ANCOVA model were 1100.9 for never smokers, 1006.8 for cigarette smokers, and 945.6 MET-min/week for HTP users. Current cigarette smokers (β = -94.1 [95% CI: -176.7 to -11.5], p = 0.026) and current HTP users (β = -155.3 [95% CI: -252.7 to -57.9], p = 0.002) exhibited significantly lower physical activity than never smokers. Sensitivity analyses using log-transformed IPAQ scores and logistic regression confirmed these findings. Subgroup analyses indicated reduced activity among HTP users with asthma, but no clear pattern for COPD.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Cigarette smoking and HTP use were associated with lower physical activity, independent of confounders. Smoking cessation, particularly in asthma, should be prioritized, alongside promoting physical activity among tobacco users.</p>","PeriodicalId":21129,"journal":{"name":"Respirology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147779632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
RespirologyPub Date : 2026-04-17DOI: 10.1002/resp.70249
Jeffrey Shuen Kai Ng, Shera Tan, Sean Chee Hong Loh
{"title":"Letter from the Singapore Thoracic Society: Vapours, Vapes, and Vaccines-Advancing Population Lung Health in Singapore.","authors":"Jeffrey Shuen Kai Ng, Shera Tan, Sean Chee Hong Loh","doi":"10.1002/resp.70249","DOIUrl":"10.1002/resp.70249","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21129,"journal":{"name":"Respirology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147717692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
RespirologyPub Date : 2026-04-15DOI: 10.1002/resp.70248
Can Xia, Wanlong Wu, Saisai Lu, Yan Ye, Jingjing Li, Runci Wang, Wenwen Xu, Zhiwei Chen, Yakai Fu, Xia Lyu, Kaiwen Wang, Wei Fan, Jia Li, Bingpeng Guo, Qun Luo, Qian Han, Yu Xue, Weiguo Wan, Huaxiang Wu, Wenjia Sun, Li Sun, Xiaodong Wang, Shuang Ye, Dan Chen, Qiong Fu
{"title":"Upadacitinib Versus Tofacitinib in Anti-MDA5-Positive Dermatomyositis With Interstitial Lung Disease: A Multi-Centre Cohort Study Emulating a Target Trial.","authors":"Can Xia, Wanlong Wu, Saisai Lu, Yan Ye, Jingjing Li, Runci Wang, Wenwen Xu, Zhiwei Chen, Yakai Fu, Xia Lyu, Kaiwen Wang, Wei Fan, Jia Li, Bingpeng Guo, Qun Luo, Qian Han, Yu Xue, Weiguo Wan, Huaxiang Wu, Wenjia Sun, Li Sun, Xiaodong Wang, Shuang Ye, Dan Chen, Qiong Fu","doi":"10.1002/resp.70248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/resp.70248","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>The treatment of anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 antibody-positive dermatomyositis with interstitial lung disease (MDA5<sup>+</sup>DM-ILD) remains a significant clinical challenge. To compare the effectiveness and safety of upadacitinib (UPA) versus tofacitinib (TOFA) upon 6-month lung transplantation-free survival in newly diagnosed MDA5<sup>+</sup>DM-ILD patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This multi-centre cohort study in China enrolled MDA5<sup>+</sup>DM-ILD patients treated from January 2020 to February 2025. Prevalent/incident new users and non-inferior design along with inverse probability treatment weighting (IPTW) were implemented to emulate randomized controlled trial.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the eligible cohort, a total of 106 patients were treated with UPA and 328 with TOFA. The crude 6-month lung transplantation-free survival rates were 71.7% (76/106) in the UPA group and 67.4% (221/328) in the TOFA group. In the IPTW-adjusted cohort, UPA showed a trend toward higher survival than TOFA (p = 0.067), with a weighted risk difference of 10.3% (95% confidence interval -0.4% to 20.2%) meeting the non-inferiority margin (non-inferiority p = 0.003). Sensitivity and subgroup analyses showed consistent results, with potentially greater benefit of UPA in incident JAK inhibitor users (as first-line treatment), monotherapy recipients (without combination with other immunosuppressants except steroid), and those with rapidly progressive ILD. Safety profiles were comparable between groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>UPA was found to be non-inferior to TOFA in improving 6-month lung transplantation-free survival among patients with MDA5<sup>+</sup>DM-ILD, with comparable safety.</p>","PeriodicalId":21129,"journal":{"name":"Respirology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147691647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
RespirologyPub Date : 2026-04-14DOI: 10.1002/resp.70254
Daphne J T Sjauw, Matthijs L Janssen, Yasemin Türk, Carmen A T Reep, Leo Heunks, Sara J Baart, Evert-Jan Wils
{"title":"Predicting Failure at Initiation of High-Flow Nasal Oxygen in Patients With COVID-19: Literature Review, Development and Internal Validation of a Prediction Model.","authors":"Daphne J T Sjauw, Matthijs L Janssen, Yasemin Türk, Carmen A T Reep, Leo Heunks, Sara J Baart, Evert-Jan Wils","doi":"10.1002/resp.70254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/resp.70254","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>High-Flow Nasal Oxygen (HFNO) can reduce the need for invasive mechanical ventilation in patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure (AHRF) from viral pneumonias, like COVID-19. Early prediction of HFNO failure is useful for timely decision-making at HFNO initiation. This study aimed to develop a prediction model for HFNO failure using predictors available just prior to HFNO initiation in patients with COVID-19 AHRF and compare its performance to existing models.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This multicenter, prospective observational cohort study included hospitalized patients from 10 centers in the Netherlands between December 2020 and July 2021. Adults who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2, had no treatment limitations, and initiated HFNO for hypoxemia were included. The primary outcome was HFNO failure, defined as the event of endotracheal intubation. Pre-defined candidate predictors were selected by multivariable logistic regression for prediction model development. Internal validation was conducted using bootstrapping.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 608 patients, 277 (46%) experienced HFNO failure. Independent predictors of HFNO failure included (odds ratio [95% CI]): age (1.02 [1.00-1.03]), urea (1.04 [1.00-1.08]), platelet count (0.94 [0.92-0.97]), respiratory rate (1.05 [1.02-1.08]), oxygen saturation (0.89 [0.84-0.94]), and FiO<sub>2</sub> (conventional oxygen 10-15 L/min vs. < 10 L/min: 3.00 [1.71-5.29], 15 L/min vs. < 10 L/min: 4.95 [3.19-7.70]) prior to HFNO initiation. The model C-statistic was 0.767; 95% CI [0.727-0.803], with excellent calibration (intercept: -0.005, slope: 1.001), and stable performance after internal validation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This newly developed model, using variables available at HFNO initiation, effectively predicted HFNO failure in hospitalized hypoxemic patients due to COVID-19 pneumonia with good performance.</p><p><strong>Registration number clinical trial: </strong>Dutch Trial Registry: DTR, NL9067.</p>","PeriodicalId":21129,"journal":{"name":"Respirology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147691659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
RespirologyPub Date : 2026-04-14DOI: 10.1002/resp.70250
Seohyun Kim, Hyonsoo Joo, Hye Seon Kang, Chang Dong Yeo, Jong Min Lee, Hyung Woo Kim, Shin Young Kim, Yeon Hee Park, Myoungin Shin, Jangwon Lee, Chin Kook Rhee, Tai Joon An
{"title":"Ambient Air Pollution and Risk of ARDS and Mortality in Moderate to Severe COVID-19.","authors":"Seohyun Kim, Hyonsoo Joo, Hye Seon Kang, Chang Dong Yeo, Jong Min Lee, Hyung Woo Kim, Shin Young Kim, Yeon Hee Park, Myoungin Shin, Jangwon Lee, Chin Kook Rhee, Tai Joon An","doi":"10.1002/resp.70250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/resp.70250","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>Ambient air pollution is known to exacerbate respiratory illnesses. However, its impact on COVID-19 outcomes remains underexplored. We investigated the association between ambient air pollution and outcomes in patients with moderate to severe COVID-19.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analysed 1867 hospitalized patients from a multicentre Korean cohort. Individual-level exposure to five air pollutants (SO<sub>2</sub>, CO, NO<sub>2</sub>, PM<sub>10</sub> and PM<sub>2.5</sub>) was assessed over short-term (3-day) and long-term (3-year) periods. The risks of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and 30-day mortality were evaluated using models adjusted for clinical and meteorological factors. Pollutant exposure was analysed both as quartiles and continuous variables to estimate effects per unit increase.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Short-term CO exposure was associated with increased ARDS incidence (per 0.1 ppm increase OR 1.18) and 30-day mortality (HR 1.15). Long-term NO<sub>2</sub> exposure was associated with higher ARDS risk (per 1 ppb OR 1.11). Long-term PM<sub>10</sub> exposure was also associated with ARDS incidence (per 10 μg/m<sup>3</sup> OR 2.24). For mortality, short-term NO<sub>2</sub> (per 1 ppb HR 1.02) and PM<sub>2.5</sub> (per 10 μg/m<sup>3</sup> HR 1.14) exposure were additionally associated with increased risk. These associations were consistent in quartile-based analyses.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Both short- and long-term exposure to ambient air pollution were associated with worse COVID-19 outcomes, including ARDS and mortality. CO, often overlooked in pollution surveillance, showed the most consistent impact. These findings highlight the importance of air quality in pandemic preparedness and public health policy.</p>","PeriodicalId":21129,"journal":{"name":"Respirology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147676072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
RespirologyPub Date : 2026-04-09DOI: 10.1002/resp.70251
Sarah Thivent, Marylise Ginoux, Samuel Verges, Frédéric Hérengt, Mathieu Marillier
{"title":"Determinants of Improved Dyspnea and Exercise Tolerance With Nasal High-Flow O<sub>2</sub> Therapy in Fibrotic Interstitial Lung Disease: A Pilot Physiological Study.","authors":"Sarah Thivent, Marylise Ginoux, Samuel Verges, Frédéric Hérengt, Mathieu Marillier","doi":"10.1002/resp.70251","DOIUrl":"10.1002/resp.70251","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We tested the respective effect of high-flow and supplemental O<sub>2</sub> from nasal high-flow O<sub>2</sub> therapy (NHFO<sub>2</sub>) on dyspnea and exercise tolerance in fibrotic interstitial lung disease. Supplemental O<sub>2</sub> and NHFO<sub>2</sub> (but not high-flow) provided improvements in these outcomes at \"iso-O<sub>2</sub> saturation\" due to reduced ventilatory requirements. Physiological benefits derived from O<sub>2</sub> supplementation are thus likely primary drivers of dyspnea relief and improved exercise tolerance on NHFO<sub>2</sub> (vs air) in these patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":21129,"journal":{"name":"Respirology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147646135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
RespirologyPub Date : 2026-04-01Epub Date: 2026-03-08DOI: 10.1002/resp.70228
Kazi Saifuddin Bennoor, Samprity Islam
{"title":"Letter From the Bangladesh Lung Foundation-Integrating Post-Tuberculosis Lung Disease Care Into Primary Health Care Services in Bangladesh: A Replicable Model for High TB Burden Nations.","authors":"Kazi Saifuddin Bennoor, Samprity Islam","doi":"10.1002/resp.70228","DOIUrl":"10.1002/resp.70228","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21129,"journal":{"name":"Respirology","volume":" ","pages":"418-419"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147378433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
RespirologyPub Date : 2026-04-01DOI: 10.1002/resp.70246
Caitlin C Fermoyle, John A Mackintosh, Vidya Navaratnam, Samantha J Ellis, Wendy A Cooper, Nicole S L Goh, Yuben Moodley, Paul N Reynolds, Christopher J Zappala, Peter Hopkins, Ian N Glaspole, Tamera J Corte, Simon L F Walsh
{"title":"Deep-Learning Algorithm Diagnostic Support for Usual Interstitial Pneumonia Pattern Recognition in Fibrotic Interstitial Lung Disease.","authors":"Caitlin C Fermoyle, John A Mackintosh, Vidya Navaratnam, Samantha J Ellis, Wendy A Cooper, Nicole S L Goh, Yuben Moodley, Paul N Reynolds, Christopher J Zappala, Peter Hopkins, Ian N Glaspole, Tamera J Corte, Simon L F Walsh","doi":"10.1002/resp.70246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/resp.70246","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>High resolution computed tomography (HRCT) scan diagnostic classification for usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) plays a critical role in therapeutic decision-making and clinical trial eligibility for interstitial lung disease (ILD) patients, but is subject to variability. A deep learning algorithm, the Systematic Objective Fibrotic Imaging Analysis Algorithm (SOFIA), has been validated to assist classification of HRCTs based on current guidelines. In this study, we evaluate the impact of SOFIA on inter-observer agreement for UIP classification and prognostic accuracy of clinicians' assessment of ILD HRCTs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Radiologists and pulmonologists (reviewers) were invited to evaluate 203 HRCTs from a national fibrotic ILD registry, scoring each of four UIP categories (definite UIP, probable UIP, indeterminate, or alternative diagnosis). SOFIA outputs were then provided, and reviewers were able to reevaluate their scores. Changes in interobserver agreement for UIP classification and prognostic accuracy were calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three hundred twelve reviewers (120 radiologists, 192 pulmonologists) from 49 countries evaluated 203 HRCT scans. Following SOFIA, inter-observer diagnostic agreement improved for definite UIP from moderate to good (ICC<sub>pre</sub> = 0.54[0.50-0.60]; ICC<sub>post</sub> = 0.70[0.66-0.74]), and for probable UIP from fair to moderate (ICC<sub>pre</sub> = 0.30[0.27-0.35]; ICC<sub>post</sub> = 0.53[0.49-0.58]). Following SOFIA, there was improved prognostic accuracy for reviewers' definite UIP, probable UIP, and indeterminate scores (significant change in c-index), and the proportion of reviewers whose probable UIP scores were significantly predictive of transplant-free survival increased by 42%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Providing SOFIA algorithm output to clinicians reviewing HRCT scans improved diagnostic agreement and prognostic accuracy for fibrotic ILD. SOFIA may be a useful automated assistive tool to support improved diagnostic consistency.</p>","PeriodicalId":21129,"journal":{"name":"Respirology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147594149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
RespirologyPub Date : 2026-04-01Epub Date: 2025-12-10DOI: 10.1002/resp.70175
Peiwen Jiang, Caitlin Paton, Richard Norman, Marianne Weber, Henry M Marshall, Fraser Brims, Kuan Pim Lim, Sarah York, Georgia Bartlett, Richard De Abreu Lourenco, Nicole M Rankin
{"title":"Maximising Participation in the Australian National Lung Cancer Screening Program: A Discrete Choice Experiment of Eligible, High-Risk Individuals.","authors":"Peiwen Jiang, Caitlin Paton, Richard Norman, Marianne Weber, Henry M Marshall, Fraser Brims, Kuan Pim Lim, Sarah York, Georgia Bartlett, Richard De Abreu Lourenco, Nicole M Rankin","doi":"10.1002/resp.70175","DOIUrl":"10.1002/resp.70175","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>Relatively little is known about how to maximise participation in lung cancer screening for Australians at high risk of developing the disease. A discrete choice experiment was conducted to elicit and quantify preferences of Australians eligible for lung cancer screening (LCS) to maximise participation in the National Lung Cancer Screening Program (NLCSP) and estimate likely participation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Respondents completed an online survey of six LCS factors or 'attributes' (invitation to screen, eligibility assessment, appointment booking, model of care, health care worker support and out-of-pocket costs). Results were analysed using mixed logit (MIXL), multinomial logit (MNL) and latent class analysis to explore heterogeneity in respondents' choices. Willingness to pay (WTP) for screening attributes were estimated based on the ratio of the coefficient on attributes to cost.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Respondents (n = 757) were aged 50-70 years with smoking histories (> 30 pack-year history and either currently smoke or quit ≤ 10 years). The MIXL showed that participants preferred support from a program navigator, with the highest estimated WTP of $24, plus personalised invitations and lower screening costs. The results identified participation rates that could be achieved through optimal LCS program design, across the most optimistic screening program scenario (87.4%), the scenario proposed in the NLCSP (51.5%) and the least preferred scenario (35.0%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results are highly relevant for the NLCSP, which commenced on 1 July 2025. Potential participants place significant value on program navigators, a role not funded within the program, which could significantly improve uptake.</p>","PeriodicalId":21129,"journal":{"name":"Respirology","volume":" ","pages":"398-408"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13050626/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145725628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}