Respirology最新文献

{"title":"Response to 'Reassessing pyrazinamide: Disentangling the myth of dose-dependent hepatotoxicity and advancing dosing strategies in elderly tuberculosis patients'.","authors":"Jumpei Taniguchi, Shotaro Aso, Hideo Yasunaga","doi":"10.1111/resp.14873","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/resp.14873","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21129,"journal":{"name":"Respirology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142839155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The potential lipid biomarker 5-HETE for acute exacerbation identified by metabolomics in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.","authors":"Yichao Zhao, Yanchen Shi, Ji Zhang, Huizhe Zhang, Zimu Wang, Shufei Wu, Mingrui Zhang, Mengying Liu, Xu Ye, Huimin Gu, Cheng Jiang, Xiaoling Ye, Huihui Zhu, Qi Li, Xinmei Huang, Mengshu Cao","doi":"10.1111/resp.14866","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/resp.14866","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>Acute exacerbation (AE) is often the fatal complication of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Emerging evidence indicates that metabolic reprogramming and dysregulation of lipid metabolism are distinctive characteristics of IPF. However, the lipid metabolic mechanisms that underlie the pathophysiology of AE-IPF remain elusive.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Serum samples for pilot study were collected from 34 Controls, 37 stable IPF (S-IPF) cases and 41 AE-IPF patients. UHPLC-MS/MS was utilized to investigate metabolic variations and identify lipid biomarkers in serum. ELISA, quantitative PCR and western blot were employed to validate the identified biomarkers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 32 lipid metabolites and 5 lipid metabolism pathways enriched in all IPF patients compared to Controls. In AE-IPF versus S-IPF, 19 lipid metabolites and 12 pathways were identified, with 5-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic Acid (5-HETE) significantly elevated in AE-IPF. Both in internal and external validation cohorts, the serum levels of 5-HETE were significantly elevated in AE-IPF patients compared to S-IPF subjects. Consequently, the indicators related to 5-HETE in lipid metabolic pathway were significantly changed in AE-IPF patients compared with S-IPF cases in the lung tissues. The serum level of 5-HETE was significantly correlated with the disease severity (CT score and PaO₂/FiO₂ ratio) and survival time. Importantly, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, Kaplan-Meier analysis and Multivariate Cox regression analysis demonstrated that 5-HETE represents a promising lipid biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of AE-IPF.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study highlights lipid reprogramming as a novel therapeutic approach for IPF, and 5-HETE may be a potential biomarker of AE-IPF patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":21129,"journal":{"name":"Respirology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142839157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The commercial determinants of respiratory health.","authors":"Robert J Hancox","doi":"10.1111/resp.14871","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/resp.14871","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21129,"journal":{"name":"Respirology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142839156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reducing ethnic inequities: Patterns of asthma medication use and hospital discharges in Māori in Aotearoa New Zealand.","authors":"Allie Eathorne, Jonathan Noble, Lee Hatter, Tom Hills, Selwyn Te Paa, Matire Harwood, Mark Weatherall, Richard Beasley","doi":"10.1111/resp.14865","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/resp.14865","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>In Aotearoa New Zealand (NZ) widespread transition to budesonide/formoterol maintenance and/or reliever regimens in clinical practice is temporally associated with reduced rates of asthma hospitalization. It is unknown whether this association is observed in Māori, the indigenous population of NZ, who experience a disproportionate burden from asthma. We investigated patterns in asthma medication use and hospital admissions in Māori in NZ.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Review of NZ national dispensing data for asthma inhaler medications and asthma hospital discharge data from January 2013 to December 2023 in the 12+ age group, with calculation of the relative change in dispensed medication and asthma hospitalization rates for Māori and non-Māori. The most recent six-month period, July to December 2023, is compared with the corresponding six-month period 4 years earlier, July to December 2019.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Budesonide/formoterol dispensing increased for both Māori and non-Māori for 2019-2023, with a relative 111% and 115% increase, respectively. Between the two periods, asthma hospital discharges reduced from 142.5 to 97.3 per 100,000, absolute difference 45.2 per 100,000, a 32% reduction for Māori; and 49.4-37.9 per 100,000, absolute difference 11.5 per 100,000; a 23% reduction for non-Māori.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The temporal association between a marked increase in dispensing of budesonide/formoterol maintenance and/or reliever regimens and reduced asthma hospitalization was observed for Māori and non-Māori, with a greater reduction in asthma hospitalization for Māori. Despite this reduction in health inequities, asthma hospitalization rates are two and a half times greater for Māori compared to non-Māori.</p>","PeriodicalId":21129,"journal":{"name":"Respirology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142812969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pulmonary function testing in COPD: Anchoring clinical relevance.","authors":"Bruce R Thompson","doi":"10.1111/resp.14867","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/resp.14867","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21129,"journal":{"name":"Respirology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142795023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A digital therapy targeting anxiety in pulmonary fibrosis: A decentralized randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Joshua J Solomon, Robert W Hallowell, Cecilia Ganslandt, Jessica G Shull, Thomas Bengtsson, Jakob Ganslandt, Maureen R Horton","doi":"10.1111/resp.14859","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/resp.14859","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>Pulmonary fibrosis, a manifestation of interstitial lung disease, is frequently associated with anxiety. The objective of this study, COMPANION, was to assess the anxiolytic efficacy of Almee, a digital cognitive behavioural therapy for patients with pulmonary fibrosis, compared to treatment as usual.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>COMPANION was a randomized, controlled, open-label and partly reader-blinded, decentralized, clinical trial conducted in the United States. Eligible patients had radiology-confirmed pulmonary fibrosis and a Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item (GAD-7) score of ≥5 (possible range 0-21). Participants were randomized 1:1 to Almee or no intervention for 9 weeks, with block stratification by anxiety severity. The primary endpoint was change in GAD-7 score from baseline to week 9. Between 20 December 2022 and 14 August 2023, 108 participants were randomized, 54 to Almee and 54 to treatment as usual.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In each arm, 46 participants completed the study; 108 cases were analysed as intention-to-treat. By week 9, average GAD-7 score had improved by 1.8 points (SEM = 2.1) in the Almee group (n = 54) and deteriorated by 0.9 points (SEM = 2.2) in the control group (n = 54), a 2.7-point difference (95% confidence interval: 1.2-4.2, p = 0.0006).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Treatment with Almee was well-tolerated and showed clinically meaningful improvement in pulmonary fibrosis-related anxiety. Almee shows promise as a personalized intervention for management of the psychological burden related to living with pulmonary fibrosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":21129,"journal":{"name":"Respirology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142771997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of short-term exposure to PM₁ with hospital admission from total and cause-specific respiratory diseases.","authors":"Chenghui Zhong, Qi Tian, Jing Wei, Wenfeng Lu, Ruijun Xu, Meiqi Lan, Nan Hu, Lan Qiu, Han Zhang, SaiFeng Li, Chunxiang Shi, Yuewei Liu, Yun Zhou","doi":"10.1111/resp.14864","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/resp.14864","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>Evidence of short-term exposure to particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter ≤1 μm (PM₁) on hospital admission for respiratory diseases (RDs) is limited. We aimed to estimate the associated risk of PM₁ on hospital admissions for RDs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this time-stratified case-crossover study, we assigned cases who had been admitted to hospital for RDs in Guangdong, China between 2016 and 2019. Exposure to PM₁ was assigned on the basis of the patient's residence for each case day and its control days. Conditional logistic regression models and distributed lag nonlinear models were used to quantify the association of PM₁ exposure with hospital admission for RDs at lag 0-1 days.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 408, 658 hospital admissions for total RDs were recorded in the study period. Each 10 μg/m³ increase in PM₁ was significantly associated with a 1.39% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.87%-1.91%), 1.97% (95% CI: 1.06%-2.87%) and 1.69% (95% CI: 0.67%-2.71%) increase in odds of hospital admissions for total RDs, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and pneumonia. The excess fraction of hospital admission for total RDs attributable to PM₁ exposure was 6.03%, while 6.59% for COPD and 7.48% for pneumonia. Besides, higher excess fractions were more pronounced for hospital admission of total RDs in older patients (>75 years).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results support that PM₁ is associated with increased risks of hospital admissions for RDs. It emphasizes the needs to pay attention to the effects of PM₁ on respiratory health, especially among elderly patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":21129,"journal":{"name":"Respirology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142771998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sputum metagenomics reveals a multidrug resistant Pseudomonas-dominant severe asthma phenotype in an Asian population.","authors":"Fransiskus Xaverius Ivan, Pei Yee Tiew, Tavleen Kaur Jaggi, Kai Xian Thng, Pee Hwee Pang, Thun How Ong, John Arputhan Abisheganaden, Mariko Siyue Koh, Sanjay H Chotirmall","doi":"10.1111/resp.14863","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/resp.14863","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>While the lung microbiome in severe asthma has been studied, work has employed targeted amplicon-based sequencing approaches without functional assessment with none focused on multi-ethnic Asian populations. Here we investigate the clinical relevance of microbial phenotypes of severe asthma in Asians using metagenomics.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Prospective assessment of clinical, radiological, and immunological measures were performed in a multi-ethnic Asian severe asthma cohort (N = 70) recruited across two centres in Singapore. Sputum was subjected to shotgun metagenomic sequencing and patients followed up for a 2-year period. Metagenomic assessment of sputum microbiomes, resistomes and virulomes were related to clinical outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The lung microbiome in a multi-ethnic Asian cohort with severe asthma demonstrates an increased abundance of Pseudomonas species. Unsupervised clustering of sputum metagenomes identified two patient clusters: C1 (n = 52) characterized by upper airway commensals and C2 (n = 18) dominated by established respiratory pathogens including M. catarrhalis, S. aureus and most significantly P. aeruginosa. C2 patients demonstrated a significantly increased exacerbation frequency on 2-year follow up and an antimicrobial resistome characterized by multidrug resistance. Virulomes appear indistinguishable between severe asthmatics with or without co-existing bronchiectasis, and C2 patients exhibit increased gene expression related to biofilm formation, effector delivery systems and microbial motility. Independent comparison of the C2 cluster to a non-asthmatic bronchiectasis cohort demonstrates analogous airway microbial virulence patterns.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Sputum metagenomics demonstrates a multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas-dominant severe asthma phenotype in Asians, characterized by poor clinical outcome including increased exacerbations which is independent of co-existing bronchiectasis.</p>","PeriodicalId":21129,"journal":{"name":"Respirology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142771999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sensitive outcome measures to detect the association between PM_2.5 and lung function impairment.","authors":"Sanja Stanojevic","doi":"10.1111/resp.14844","DOIUrl":"10.1111/resp.14844","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21129,"journal":{"name":"Respirology","volume":" ","pages":"1015-1016"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142473599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter from Indonesia.","authors":"Triya Damayanti, Ratnawati","doi":"10.1111/resp.14814","DOIUrl":"10.1111/resp.14814","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21129,"journal":{"name":"Respirology","volume":" ","pages":"1105-1106"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141907601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}