pure and applied geophysics最新文献

{"title":"The May 7, 2023, El-Hakimia, Algeria, Fireball: First Meteor Characterization Using Infrasound and Seismic Sensors","authors":"Zineddine Bouyahiaoui,&nbsp;Lotfi Yelles Chaouche,&nbsp;Fethi Semmane,&nbsp;Christoph Pilger,&nbsp;Khalil Daiffallah,&nbsp;Yassine Damerdji,&nbsp;Samir Nait Amor,&nbsp;Rabah Ikhlef,&nbsp;Amina Boulkaboul,&nbsp;Djounai Baba Aissa,&nbsp;Fethia Kerrache,&nbsp;Ghoulam Imad Eddine Boudiba,&nbsp;Hamoud Beldjoudi,&nbsp;Chafik Aidi,&nbsp;Redouane Chimouni","doi":"10.1007/s00024-025-03730-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00024-025-03730-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>On the night of May 7, 2023, an impressive fireball was observed in the Algerian sky. The fireball’s fragmentation occurred at 23 h 00 m 07 s UTC, as indicated by the time recorded by a surveillance camera. This resulted in the generation of a shockwave that was detected by multiple local and regional ground-based seismic and infrasound sensors. The event was located in El-Hakimia, a locality situated about 100 km southeast of Algiers, at an altitude of 35 ± 0.6 km. Fourteen seismic stations were utilized to plot isochrones, which illustrate the ESE-WNW trajectory and velocity of the shock wave at the moment of fragmentation and towards the end of its course. The energy of the explosion was estimated at 0.178 ± 0.014 kilotons of TNT based on the analysis of the Algerian network and International Monitoring System infrasound data. This estimation yielded a possible mass range between 0.598 ± 0.048 tons and 14.946 ± 1.216 tons, contingent on the composition and velocity of the bolide. This leads to an estimated diameter range from 0.267 to 1.111 m. In terms of energy, this bolide belongs to a class of meteors that do not exceed 30 objects per year.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21078,"journal":{"name":"pure and applied geophysics","volume":"182 5","pages":"1913 - 1929"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145161345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Travel Time Approximation Methods of Prestack Time Migration for Improving the Subsurface Image: A Case Study from Cauvery Offshore Basin, India","authors":"A. Asharaf,&nbsp;M. Nagendra Babu","doi":"10.1007/s00024-025-03721-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00024-025-03721-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this paper, curved-ray travel time approximation, paired with the Constrained Velocity Inversion (CVI) technique, is used in prestack time migration to enhance subsurface imaging in the Cauvery Offshore Basin, India. Traditional travel time approximation approaches based on 2nd-order and 4th-order provide travel time errors at far offset in the migrated gathers. The curved-ray travel time approximation was adopted to overcome this limitation. Travel time approximations for curved ray migration require interval velocities usually inverted from RMS velocities using simple Dix inversion during Prestack time migration. However, Dix-type inversion could create pitfalls in interval velocities because data-driven RMS velocities are sensitive to noise in seismic gathers. This study applied CVI to estimate interval velocities instead of dix-type inversion, ensuring a stable and geologically plausible solution. These interval velocities are reviewed, and formation-based smoothing is applied before estimating travel time using curved-ray approximation for Prestack time migration. Thus, it provides an option to do quality analysis for interval velocities before application prestack time migration. From a comprehensive comparison of results, curved-ray travel time approximation with CVI-based migration has provided a better subsurface image than with 2nd-order/4th-order travel time approximation-based migration in identifying geological events such as dipping events, faults, and fractures.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21078,"journal":{"name":"pure and applied geophysics","volume":"182 5","pages":"2135 - 2152"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145161308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating Remote Sensing and Machine Learning to Analyze Urban Growth and Its Environmental Effects: A 30-Year Assessment in Başakşehir, Turkey","authors":"Muhammed Ernur Akiner,&nbsp;Mehdi Ghasri","doi":"10.1007/s00024-025-03727-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00024-025-03727-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigates the impacts of urbanization in Başakşehir, Istanbul, through the analysis of critical environmental indicators: Land Surface Temperature, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, Proportion of Vegetation, Normalized Urban Heat Island and Urban Thermal Field Variance Index. Using a hybrid supervised machine learning approach integrating Convolutional Neural Networks and Random Forest for Land Use/Land Cover classification, the research achieved an accuracy rate of 93.33%. The findings highlight the complex relationships among urban expansion, ecological health, and environmental changes, advocating sustainable urban planning strategies to address the challenges posed by rapid urbanization. Nonparametric tests, particularly the Mann–Kendall trend test and Sen’s slope estimator, assessed temporal trends in meteorological data, and statistically significant results were obtained for maximum and minimum temperatures (p &lt; 0.001). These results highlight urbanization as a major driver of local climate change, including the Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect. The analysis also reveals vegetation degradation and recovery trends, highlighting the need for urban planning that includes green areas to reduce the UHI effect and enhance ecological resilience. This research provides valuable insights for policymakers by advocating effective conservation strategies that balance urban development with environmental sustainability.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21078,"journal":{"name":"pure and applied geophysics","volume":"182 6","pages":"2507 - 2531"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00024-025-03727-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145160667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Frequency Analysis of AE Signals in Point Load Tester Experiments on Black Granite","authors":"Alireza Kokabi,&nbsp;Rasul Mardanian","doi":"10.1007/s00024-025-03687-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00024-025-03687-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this article, by performing point load tests on granite and using sound wave propagation technology, the formation of the microcracks and their corresponding emitted signals have been investigated. An induction seismic sensor has been used to receive induced seismic waves. Following the detection of the seismic signal, the stored frequency spectra are analyzed. In these experiments, the force imposed on the granite stone is calculated and the elastic waves are checked at a specific frequency. The Nondestructive method is used for monitoring and controlling the behavior of deep stone structures. By analyzing the signals and calculating the average frequency in the laboratory environment, the cracks in granite samples are detected. This can be potentially applied in the granite mined to alarm warnings before possible collapses.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21078,"journal":{"name":"pure and applied geophysics","volume":"182 5","pages":"2073 - 2087"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145171290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploratory Assessment of Lead–Zinc Mineralization in Bangalela area Central Benue Trough Nigeria Using Integrated Ground Geophysical Data","authors":"Adikwu Stephen Onum,&nbsp;Sabinus Ikechukwu Ibeneme,&nbsp;Ikechukwu Onyema Njoku,&nbsp;Hilary Terkula Jika,&nbsp;Stella Chigozie Okenu,&nbsp;Eze Martins Okoro","doi":"10.1007/s00024-025-03731-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00024-025-03731-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Following the recent global energy transition needs, there is an increased demand for metallic deposits like lead–zinc ores which are critical raw materials for manufacturing industries that provide low-carbon energy solutions. Nigeria is blessed with abundant lead–zinc deposits scattered in different parts of the country. However, detailed knowledge of the quantity, distribution, and geometry of these economic resources within the central part of the Benue Trough is yet to be fully established. Geophysical data provides a robust exploration technique for accurate characterization of the mineralization potentials of an area. In this study, integrated interpretation of ground magnetic (GM), electromagnetic very low frequency (EM-VLF), electrical resistivity (ER), and induced polarization (IP) data were carried out to investigate the lead–zinc mineralization potentials of the Bangalela area, Central Benue Trough, Nigeria. The filtered GM data highlighted the contacts and boundaries of linear, and rounded to subrounded geological features that may have enhanced the formation of lead–zinc deposits in the area. The EM-VLF and ER/IP data revealed high chargeability and highly conductive signatures that may represent potential prospective mineralization zones. Fresh core samples obtained from two Drill Points confirmed these anomalies to be lead–zinc ore deposits. A 3D voxel model created based on the isosurface threshold values of &lt; 160 Ωm and &gt; 15 ms offered better insight into the geometry and spatial distribution of the identified chargeable bodies located at depths shallower than 60 m beneath the surface. The study demonstrates the effectiveness of deploying and integrating geophysical (GM, EM-VLF, and ER/IP) methods for a successful lead–zinc mineral exploration program in the Central Benue Trough and adjoining areas.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21078,"journal":{"name":"pure and applied geophysics","volume":"182 6","pages":"2439 - 2473"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145171584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Forward Simulation of Unfavorable Geological Bodies and Analysis of Waveform Characteristics Based on time Domain Finite Difference Method","authors":"You Shuai,&nbsp;Yang Renshu,&nbsp;Yang Liyun,&nbsp;Duan Yun,&nbsp;Liu Xiangyu,&nbsp;Xiao Chenglong,&nbsp;Zhang Xiang,&nbsp;Yang Zhen,&nbsp;Li Chengxiao,&nbsp;Li Dongze","doi":"10.1007/s00024-025-03723-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00024-025-03723-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>To study the waveform variation law of seismic records for advanced detection using rock-breaking vibration as a seismic source during the operation of a shaft tunneling machine, this article establishes a forward modeling of poor geological bodies based on the finite difference time domain method (FDTD). By applying the improved Hilbert–Huang transform to the collected seismic records, the time–frequency domain characteristics of the waveform are analyzed, and the results are verified using wavelet transformation. The applicability of this method for seismic signal analysis is verified. The main conclusions are as follows: The energy intensity of direct waves is much greater than that of reflected waves, and the main energy of direct waves is concentrated between 0 and 90 Hz, while the main energy of reflected waves is concentrated between 0 and 110 Hz. The overall energy of caves in poor geological bodies is the largest. </p></div>","PeriodicalId":21078,"journal":{"name":"pure and applied geophysics","volume":"182 5","pages":"1983 - 1999"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145171450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Connection Between Okavango (Botswana) and Kafue (Zambia) Rift Zone from Satellite Gravity and Aeromagnetic Data: Implication for the Evolution of the Southwestern Branch of the East African Rift System","authors":"Farjana Mily,&nbsp;Luelseged Emishaw,&nbsp;Andrew Katumwehe,&nbsp;Kevin Mickus,&nbsp;Mohamed Abdelsalam","doi":"10.1007/s00024-025-03726-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00024-025-03726-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We analyzed gravity and magnetic data to investigate the lithospheric connection between the Okavango Rift Zone (ORZ) in northwestern Botswana and the Kafue Rift Zone (KRZ) in Zambia. The tectonic environment and the lithospheric structure of the ORZ is well understood, the lithospheric structure of the KRZ and surrounding region is basically unknown. Determining this lithospheric structure and how or if the ORZ and KRZ are tectonically related, a gravity and magnetic data analysis using a power spectrum analysis combined with the two-dimensional gravity forward models constrained by seismic data was conducted. The gravity power spectrum analysis indicated that the crust was thinned by between 4 and 5 km beneath both rift zones compared to the surrounding Proterozoic terranes, with the depth to the Mid Crustal Discontinuity (MCD) thinned by 2–3 km. Additionally, the gravity models suggested that the region between the ORZ and KRZ exhibits a shallower depths to the Moho and MCD, which implies that rifting process is an ongoing process that links these rift zones A derivative analysis of the aeromagnetic data analysis indicated that the fabric of the Proterozoic crystalline basement structures aligns parallel to the ORZ and the power spectrum analysis that showed that the depth to basement within the transfer zones between the basins were deeper, implying that the basins are tectonically linked. The basement fabric is perpendicular to the KRZ which implies that the ORZ was formed in a structurally weak zone between the Congo and Kalahari Cratons and that block rotation within the KRZ region facilitated the extension that formed the rift. Though there is age difference between the ORZ and KRZ, the connectivity of the two rift zones indicates that there is a continuation of the Western Branch of the East African Rift System from Zambia into Botswana.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21078,"journal":{"name":"pure and applied geophysics","volume":"182 6","pages":"2415 - 2437"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145171286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MicroClimate-Focused Thermal Comfort Assessment in Coastal Settlements with Tourism Activities","authors":"Mehmet Akif Irmak,&nbsp;Cihad Bilge,&nbsp;Sevgi Yilmaz,&nbsp;Mehmet Emin Daş","doi":"10.1007/s00024-025-03719-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00024-025-03719-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>When selecting travel destinations, tourists often consider thermal comfort conditions alongside personal preferences. The microclimate data and seasonal characteristics of a destination significantly influence tourists’ choices and the duration of their stays. In this study, a thermal comfort analysis was conducted for 15 major tourism centers in the Aegean Region of western Turkey and the Mediterranean Region of southern Turkey, areas renowned for their natural, cultural, historical, sports, and conference tourism potential. The analysis evaluated annual average comfort data, summer and winter conditions, as well as monthly and day-night variations. Physiologically Equivalent Temperature (PET) values, along with temperature, humidity, and wind data for these tourism centers, were analyzed using Geographic Information System (GIS) tools. According to the findings, the most comfortable locations based on annual average PET values were Alanya (15.4 °C), Silifke (13 °C), and Kaş (12.5 °C). Conversely, the lowest average PET values were recorded in Çeşme (9.5 °C), Dikili (9.6 °C), and Ayvalık (9.9 °C). During summer, the most favorable PET values were observed in Çeşme (17.8 °C), Erdemli (18 °C), and Ayvalık (18.8 °C). For winter, the highest average PET values were found in Alanya (8.1 °C), Silifke (5.3 °C), and Kaş (5.2 °C). This study provides valuable microclimate data and recommendations for tourists and tourism planners in designing short- and long-term activities in these 15 prominent tourism centers in southern and western Turkey.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21078,"journal":{"name":"pure and applied geophysics","volume":"182 5","pages":"2199 - 2217"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00024-025-03719-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145168855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Shale on Petrophysical Properties and Reservoir Quality: Insights from the Matulla Formation, Saqqara Field, Gulf of Suez, Egypt","authors":"Abdelbaset M. Abudeif,&nbsp;Mohammed A. Mohammed,&nbsp;Marwa M. Masoud,&nbsp;Ahmed E. Radwan,&nbsp;Nasir Alarifi,&nbsp;Stefano Bellucci,&nbsp;Faten A. Tawfik","doi":"10.1007/s00024-025-03711-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00024-025-03711-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study examines the impact of shale volume (Vsh) and clay mineral distribution on the petrophysical properties and reservoir quality of the Matulla Formation in the Gulf of Suez, a critical factor in global hydrocarbon exploration and production. Understanding how shale affects porosity, permeability, and fluid saturation enhances reservoir characterization, optimizing recovery techniques such as hydraulic fracturing and sustainable resource management. The evaluation process involved calculating shale volume using the neutron-density method, with values ranging from 1.9% to 11% across four wells (GS323-1, GS323-2A, GS323-3, GS323-4A). Clay minerals have been identified through Potassium-Thorium (K-Th) cross-plot include chlorite, illite, kaolinite, montmorillonite, and mixed-layer clays. Montmorillonite and chlorite negatively impact porosity and permeability, while kaolinite and illite improve hydrocarbon retention. Shale distribution analysis using the Thomas and Stieber model showed both laminated and dispersed forms, where laminated shales had minimal blockage, and dispersed clays significantly reduced the reservoir quality. Results reveal that wells with low Vsh (GS323-1 and GS323-4A) which ranges from 1.5 to 2% exhibit excellent reservoir quality, with high porosity (14%), high permeability (317–320.7 mD), and low water saturation (32–44%). Moderate Vsh wells (GS323-2A) show reduced porosity (13%), permeability (220 mD), and increased water saturation (46%), reflecting good but diminished quality. High Vsh well (GS323-3) display lower porosity (12%), permeability (140 mD), and moderate water saturation (37%), indicating challenges in fluid flow. This study highlights the need for tailored strategies to mitigate high shale content and swelling clays, offering valuable insights into optimizing hydrocarbon exploration and production in shale-influenced reservoirs worldwide.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21078,"journal":{"name":"pure and applied geophysics","volume":"182 7","pages":"2799 - 2820"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144814440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in River Flow in Mediterranean Montenegro and Interaction with Variations in Atmospheric and Oceanic Oscillations","authors":"Dragan Burić,&nbsp;Miroslav Doderović,&nbsp;Jovan Mihajlović,&nbsp;Angel Marčev,&nbsp;Ivana Penjišević","doi":"10.1007/s00024-025-03720-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00024-025-03720-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Due to the invaluable importance of the Morača River and its tributary the Zeta River for Montenegro, the aim of the study is to investigate changes in river flow based on data from 4 hydrological stations (HS) for the period 1961–2020, and to determine the influence of variations in atmospheric and oceanic oscillations on the hydroclimate (flow, air temperature and precipitation) of the observed area. Temperature and precipitation were considered based on data from 4 meteorological stations in the basin. All HS record a significant trend of decreasing monthly flows from April to August: ranging from – 4.1% to as much as – 20.8% per decade. The percentile method revealed that there was a significant increase in the annual number of days with low and very low flows (Qd &lt; 9th percentile and Qd &lt; 25th): up to 19.0 days per decade, while it decreased with high and very high flows (Qd &gt; 75th and Qd &gt; 91st): up to – 8.6 days per decade. According to the RAPS method, the turning point marking the onset of rapid flow reduction is the year 1980/1981. The impact of climate change is evident, but the results have also shown a statistically significant relationship between flow, precipitation, and temperature with variations in atmospheric and oceanic oscillations. The negative effect of worrying flow reduction, especially in summer, is already being felt, and as a warmer future is projected, additional implications for water resources management, agriculture, tourism, ecology, and other natural and social processes should be expected.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21078,"journal":{"name":"pure and applied geophysics","volume":"182 6","pages":"2351 - 2371"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145166152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}