Yuming Zhuang, A. K. Unnithan, A. Joseph, Siva Sudani, Benjamin Magstadt, Degang Chen
{"title":"Low cost ultra-pure sine wave generation with self calibration","authors":"Yuming Zhuang, A. K. Unnithan, A. Joseph, Siva Sudani, Benjamin Magstadt, Degang Chen","doi":"10.1109/TEST.2016.7805843","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TEST.2016.7805843","url":null,"abstract":"As data acquisition systems' performance continues to increase, so does the need for a test and characterization solution to have an input test signal with purity that exceeds what is currently available in state of the art instruments. This paper presents a new method for generating ultra-pure sine wave that can be used in such applications. The pure sine wave is generated by readily available DACs with distortions that could be thousands time worse than the required system purity. Readily available ADC with similar purity as the DAC is used to measure the distortions generated by the DAC. Innovative algorithm is used to iteratively remove distortions present in the generated sine wave. Simulation results verified the proposed method by generating a -140dB ultra-pure sine wave using two DACs and an ADC with -85dB THD. A test board has been designed and measurement results demonstrated that generated sine wave has the high purity that is capable of testing an ADC with -120dB THD accurately.","PeriodicalId":210661,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE International Test Conference (ITC)","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127045545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Elham K. Moghaddam, N. Mukherjee, J. Rajski, J. Tyszer, Justyna Zawada
{"title":"Test point insertion in hybrid test compression/LBIST architectures","authors":"Elham K. Moghaddam, N. Mukherjee, J. Rajski, J. Tyszer, Justyna Zawada","doi":"10.1109/TEST.2016.7805826","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TEST.2016.7805826","url":null,"abstract":"Logic built-in self-test (LBIST), originally introduced for board, system, and in-field tests, is now being increasingly used with on-chip test compression. This hybrid approach allows LBIST to become a complementary solution for in-system test, where high quality, low power, low silicon area, and most importantly short test application time are key factors affecting ICs that are targeted for safety-critical and automotive systems. Test points are common in BIST-ready designs where they play a key role in reducing both test application time given a test coverage goal and the overall silicon overhead so that one can get a desired coverage with the minimal number of patterns. Unfortunately, these test points are typically dysfunctional when enabled in an ATPG-based test compression mode. Similarly, test points used to reduce ATPG-based test pattern counts cannot guarantee desired random testability. Incompatibility of both types of test points has motivated research presented in this paper. We present a novel hybrid test point technology designed to both reduce deterministic pattern counts and improve fault detection likelihood by means of the same minimal set of test points. Experimental results obtained for large industrial designs illustrate feasibility of the proposed hybrid test points and are reported herein.","PeriodicalId":210661,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE International Test Conference (ITC)","volume":"90 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128187551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Farrokh Ghani Zadegan, Rene Krenz-Baath, E. Larsson
{"title":"Upper-bound computation for optimal retargeting in IEEE1687 networks","authors":"Farrokh Ghani Zadegan, Rene Krenz-Baath, E. Larsson","doi":"10.1109/TEST.2016.7805838","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TEST.2016.7805838","url":null,"abstract":"IEEE 1687 enables flexible access to on-chip instruments via dynamically reconfigurable networks. Reconfiguration allows reducing instrument access time by keeping only those instruments on the scan-path which are required for each access. To perform reconfiguration and execute commands described in instrument access procedures, scan vectors are generated in a process called retargeting. These vectors are then applied through a number of capture-shift-update (CSU) operations. Generating the optimal set of vectors w.r.t. application time is modeled as an Integer Linear Optimization Problem, which is an NP-hard problem. In the modeling, an IEEE 1687 network is represented as a sequential problem unrolled over a number of time frames, each frame corresponding to a CSU operation. A key challenge is to find the number of required CSU operations, which should be sufficiently high so that the optimal solution is included in the search space but kept as low as possible to keep the model less complex and thus suitable for large IEEE 1687 networks. In this work, we propose a method to compute an upper-bound on the number of required CSU operations. Through experiments, we show that our method results in a tight upper-bound, is applicable to a large variety of IEEE 1687 network designs, and is able to handle large designs.","PeriodicalId":210661,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE International Test Conference (ITC)","volume":"106 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123095342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Ahmadi, Constantinos Xanthopoulos, A. Nahar, Bob Orr, M. Pas, Y. Makris
{"title":"Harnessing process variations for optimizing wafer-level probe-test flow","authors":"A. Ahmadi, Constantinos Xanthopoulos, A. Nahar, Bob Orr, M. Pas, Y. Makris","doi":"10.1109/TEST.2016.7805835","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TEST.2016.7805835","url":null,"abstract":"We propose a methodology for dynamically selecting an optimal probe-test flow which reduces test cost without jeopardizing test quality. The granularity of this decision is at the wafer-level and is made before the wafer reaches the probe station, based on an e-test signature which reflects how process variations have affected this particular wafer. The proposed method offers flexibility by optimizing test flow per process signature and its implementation is simple and compatible with most commonly used Automatic Test Equipment. Furthermore, unlike static test elimination approaches, whose agility is limited by the relative importance of the permanently dropped tests, the proposed method is capable of exploring test cost reduction solutions which achieve very low test escape rates. Decisions are made by an intelligent system which maps every point in the e-test signature space to the most appropriate probe-test flow. Training of the system seeks to optimize the test flow of each process signature in order to maximize test cost reduction for a given target of test escapes, thereby enabling exploration of the trade-off between test cost reduction and test quality. The proposed method is demonstrated on an industrial dataset of a million devices from a 65nm Texas Instruments RF transceiver.","PeriodicalId":210661,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE International Test Conference (ITC)","volume":"161 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122170589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y. Fan, A. Verma, Y. Su, L. Rose, J. Janney, V. Do, S. Kumar
{"title":"RF test accuracy and capacity enhancement on ATE for silicon TV tuners","authors":"Y. Fan, A. Verma, Y. Su, L. Rose, J. Janney, V. Do, S. Kumar","doi":"10.1109/TEST.2016.7805842","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TEST.2016.7805842","url":null,"abstract":"Silicon TV tuners have dominated the tuner market, but it remains challenging to accurately test their RF parameters, especially Noise Figure (NF) in a production environment. Variations in testers, test boards and physical environment can contribute a few dB difference in test results with traditional approaches. The variation is of the same order as the true NF number, making the test results less meaningful. In this paper, we present a scheme that enhances the NF test accuracy to ±0.5dB on ATE. This method enabled us to be the only company to the best of our knowledge to specify maximum NF numbers in datasheets and test them in production. This scheme also expands the ATE test capacity, enabling RF level testing for our latest silicon TV tuners.","PeriodicalId":210661,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE International Test Conference (ITC)","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130679618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Sequeira, S. Natarajan, P. Goteti, Nitin Chaudhary
{"title":"Fault simulation for analog test coverage","authors":"J. Sequeira, S. Natarajan, P. Goteti, Nitin Chaudhary","doi":"10.1109/TEST.2016.7805831","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TEST.2016.7805831","url":null,"abstract":"A practical fault simulation methodology for analog circuits in mixed-signal designs is presented. The methodology leverages the mixed-signal simulation environment of a product and performs mixed-signal fault simulation of embedded analog circuits. A set of open-circuit and short-circuit faults are extracted with guidance from layout parasitics, and automatically injected in to the net list. Fault coverage of manufacturing tests on faults in the transmitter of a high speed serial interface design are reported with two different observation criteria. Results indicate the amount of test reduction that can be achieved and the importance of appropriate observation in fault detection.","PeriodicalId":210661,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE International Test Conference (ITC)","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122136963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anthony Coyette, B. Esen, Wim Dobbelaere, Ronny Vanhooren, G. Gielen
{"title":"Automatic test signal generation for mixed-signal integrated circuits using circuit partitioning and interval analysis","authors":"Anthony Coyette, B. Esen, Wim Dobbelaere, Ronny Vanhooren, G. Gielen","doi":"10.1109/TEST.2016.7805867","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TEST.2016.7805867","url":null,"abstract":"A method is presented to address the automatic generation of test signals for analog and mixed-signal integrated circuits. No restriction on the number of inputs or the nonlin-earity of the circuit are made. The circuit under consideration is first decomposed into a set of sub-circuits, called blocks, in order to break down the complexity of the problem. The effect of a targeted fault is then automatically analyzed at the transistor level in a defect-oriented context. From this analysis, the fault sensitization conditions are extracted and then backtraced towards the primary inputs and outputs of the circuit using an algorithm based on the interval analysis theory. The underlying algorithms supporting the automation of the whole procedure are illustrated for basic circuits. Finally, in order to demonstrate the method, an industrial circuit is used as case study. It is shown that test signals can be generated in order to achieve a fault coverage of 98%.","PeriodicalId":210661,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE International Test Conference (ITC)","volume":"94 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116322539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shalini Arora, Aman Aflaki, Sounil Biswas, Masashi Shimanouchi
{"title":"SERDES external loopback test using production parametric-test hardware","authors":"Shalini Arora, Aman Aflaki, Sounil Biswas, Masashi Shimanouchi","doi":"10.1109/TEST.2016.7805841","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TEST.2016.7805841","url":null,"abstract":"External loopback testing is an industry standard test for serializer-deserializer (SERDES) interfaces, and it is used to test for at-speed defects in the analog transmission (TX) and reception (RX) buffers. The specific test involves sending pseudorandom bit sequence (PRBS) at high speed from the TX side, looping on the load-board and receiving on the RX side where the sequence is checked to calculate bit error rate (BER). To achieve parametric coverage on the buffers, it is required to have tester access at the SERDES pins. However, the on-board component populated for this tester access may lead to poor channel insertion and return loss due to reflections from these additional components. This, in turn, may lead to unacceptable BER at higher data rates. Consequently, it is a common practice to use one type of load-board for parametric/DC testing and another type for AC/at-speed testing. This paper describes a dedicated production load-board that is designed to achieve tester access on the SERDES pins using a resistor network. Using this load-board, external loopback could be operated successfully up to 20Gbps without sacrificing parametric test capability.","PeriodicalId":210661,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE International Test Conference (ITC)","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131083202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Statistical outlier screening as a test solution health monitor","authors":"David Shaw, Dirk Hoops, K. Butler, A. Nahar","doi":"10.1109/TEST.2016.7805837","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TEST.2016.7805837","url":null,"abstract":"Location Averaging is a nearest electrical neighbor method of Statistical Outlier Screening (SOS) for screening outliers from probe test data used at Texas Instruments (TI). Location Averaging is sensitive to variances, not only from die parametrics, but also the test solution. Variance in outlier counts specific to Location Averaging that present either a strong commonality in the test solution, or test pattern on the wafer map, or both, can be indicative of a problem in the test solution. Analysis of outlier counts provides a method of monitoring and maintaining the test solution through data-driven techniques to optimize execution through the reduction of downtime and excursions.","PeriodicalId":210661,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE International Test Conference (ITC)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117297907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chun-Kai Hsu, Peter Sarson, G. Schatzberger, F. Leisenberger, J. Carulli, Siddhartha Siddhartha, K. Cheng
{"title":"Variation and failure characterization through pattern classification of test data from multiple test stages","authors":"Chun-Kai Hsu, Peter Sarson, G. Schatzberger, F. Leisenberger, J. Carulli, Siddhartha Siddhartha, K. Cheng","doi":"10.1109/TEST.2016.7805845","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TEST.2016.7805845","url":null,"abstract":"We describe a framework for characterizing systematic variations and failures through exploring the hidden patterns of test data from multiple test stages. The framework provides prediction of process variations with a fine resolution based on a limited number of probed process parameters. An unsupervised biclustering technique is then utilized to extract grayscale and binary spatial patterns from process parameters and production test results, respectively, through analyzing both item-to-item and die-to-die correlations in subsets of the test data. A template matching technique exploits these spatial patterns to discover connections between process variations and failures detected by production tests. The proposed framework has been verified by an industrial test dataset of a non-volatile memory product. The discovery of comprehensible correlations between process parameters and some production test items was confirmed by the engineers who have insights to the test dataset.","PeriodicalId":210661,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE International Test Conference (ITC)","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126013863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}