Respiratory medicine最新文献

{"title":"Noninfectious pulmonary complications after hematopoietic cell transplantation: a comprehensive review","authors":"Christopher Bertini ,&nbsp;Felipe Soto ,&nbsp;Rebecca Brown ,&nbsp;Lara Bashoura ,&nbsp;Guang-Shing Cheng ,&nbsp;Matthew K. Hensley ,&nbsp;Joe Hsu ,&nbsp;Yu Kuang Lai ,&nbsp;Husham Sharifi ,&nbsp;Jeffrey M. Sturek ,&nbsp;Gregory A. Yanik ,&nbsp;Hemang Yadav ,&nbsp;Saadia A. Faiz ,&nbsp;Ajay Sheshadri","doi":"10.1016/j.rmed.2025.108336","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rmed.2025.108336","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) is a cornerstone for the treatment of high-risk hematologic malignancies. The efficacy of HSCT is limited by transplant-related complications, particularly pulmonary complications. Broadly speaking, the myriads of non-infectious complications that occur after HSCT are less completely understood than infectious complications despite contributing to significant morbidity and mortality. This review covers all major non-infectious pulmonary complications (NIPCs), offering clinical context regarding NIPCs presentation and provoking events while highlighting pathogenesis, knowledge gaps, and emerging therapies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21057,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory medicine","volume":"248 ","pages":"Article 108336"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144993262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to \"Association of aspirin use with mortality in critically ill patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A retrospective propensity score-matched cohort study\" [J. Respir. Med. 247 (2025) 108300].","authors":"Shaolin Cai, Qingcui Huang, Minna Huang, Jinghao Wang, Shasha Li","doi":"10.1016/j.rmed.2025.108320","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rmed.2025.108320","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21057,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory medicine","volume":" ","pages":"108320"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144966832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and safety of rituximab and low dosage of glucocorticoids for ANCA associated vasculitis interstitial lung disease: a proof-of-concept study","authors":"Edoardo Conticini ,&nbsp;Paolo Cameli ,&nbsp;Silvia Grazzini ,&nbsp;Miriana d’Alessandro ,&nbsp;Laura Bergantini ,&nbsp;Tommaso Pianigiani ,&nbsp;Andrea Guarnieri ,&nbsp;Nicoletta Mancianti ,&nbsp;Claudia Fabiani ,&nbsp;Luca Cantarini ,&nbsp;Elena Bargagli ,&nbsp;Bruno Frediani","doi":"10.1016/j.rmed.2025.108334","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rmed.2025.108334","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The prevalence of interstitial lung disease (ILD) in ANCA associated vasculitis (AAV) ranges from 13 % to 45 %, and both its definition and management represent a quandary. The occurrence of lung fibrosis and ANCA positivity, particularly in subjects without any other evidence of vasculitis, is far from being clearly interpreted, as well as its proper therapeutic management. In this regard, aim of this study is to assess whether Rituximab (RTX) in association with a low dosage of glucocorticoids (GCs), could be effective also in the treatment of AAV-ILD.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>We prospectively included all patients referred to our multidisciplinary “Vasculitis with lung involvement clinic” from January 2022 to March 2023 with microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) or granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), ANCA positivity and ILD. All patients were concomitantly evaluated by a rheumatologist and a pneumologist experienced in vasculitis and autoimmune-associated ILD. High resolution computed tomography (HRCT) of the chest was performed at baseline and then after 12 months, while lung function test (LFT), including diffusion lung capacity for CO (DLCO) assessment, at baseline and after 6 and 12 months. For induction of remission, patients were treated with RTX, administered with the two-dose protocol (1000 mg at baseline and after 14 days) approved for rheumatoid arthritis, followed by 500 mg every 6 months. GCs were prescribed and then tapered according to PEXIVAS trial.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Eight patients, 3 affected by GPA and 5 by MPA, were included. All but one displayed positivity for anti-MPO and 3 of them did not have any extra-pulmonary sign of vasculitis. At baseline, LFT evidenced a restrictive pattern (mean FVC 83 %) associated with a moderate impairment of diffusion capacity (mean DLCO 54 %). After 6 and 12 months, a stabilization of LFT findings was evidenced, while no sign of progression of ILD was assessed at CT scan. No patient suffered from severe AE, except one who had bacterial pneumonia. All patients but three discontinued GCs.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>Ours represents the first prospective study specifically designed to evaluate the efficacy of RTX in AAV-ILD. Our findings have displayed that RTX, prescribed in association with a short course of GCs, is able to stabilize imaging features and respiratory functional parameters.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21057,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory medicine","volume":"248 ","pages":"Article 108334"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144918010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comorbidities as treatable traits of chronic airway diseases","authors":"Mario Cazzola ,&nbsp;Nicola A. Hanania ,&nbsp;Paola Rogliani","doi":"10.1016/j.rmed.2025.108333","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rmed.2025.108333","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chronic airway diseases, including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and bronchiectasis, are increasingly recognized as heterogeneous conditions influenced not only by airway pathology but also by a wide range of extrapulmonary and behavioral comorbidities. The treatable traits (TT) model, as it has emerged in recent medical literature, offers a precision medicine framework that redefines comorbidities as clinically relevant, identifiable, and modifiable traits. This paradigm shifts the focus from conventional disease labels to a multidimensional approach that considers the individual's unique constellation of pulmonary, extrapulmonary, and psychosocial features. A growing body of research has identified critical targets for intervention. The efficacy of this approach is supported by evidence from clinical trials and real-world studies. These studies demonstrate that trait-based management, especially when incorporating comorbidities, results in improved disease control, reduced symptom burden, enhanced quality of life, and decreased frequency of exacerbations. The implementation of multidimensional assessment tools and multidisciplinary care models is imperative for operationalizing this strategy within both primary and secondary care settings. Future directions for this field include leveraging artificial intelligence and machine learning to refine trait identification and predict individualized treatment responses. Longitudinal studies and adaptive trial designs are also necessary to evaluate the long-term effectiveness, cost-efficiency, and scalability of trait-based interventions across diverse healthcare systems. The recognition of comorbidities as TTs signifies a substantial advancement in the delivery of holistic, patient-centered care for individuals with chronic airway diseases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21057,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory medicine","volume":"248 ","pages":"Article 108333"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144925970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the complexities of intestinal and pulmonary microbiota in cystic fibrosis: A multi-omics approach","authors":"Natalia Bastón-Paz ,&nbsp;Ana Moreno-Blanco ,&nbsp;Esther Palacios ,&nbsp;Leticia Olavarrieta ,&nbsp;Javier Galeano ,&nbsp;María Garriga ,&nbsp;Luis Máiz ,&nbsp;Saioa Vicente-Santamaría ,&nbsp;Jesús Oteo-Iglesias ,&nbsp;Carla López-Causapé ,&nbsp;Isabel Fuentes ,&nbsp;Antonio Oliver ,&nbsp;Rafael Cantón ,&nbsp;Rosa del Campo ,&nbsp;Juan de Dios-Caballero","doi":"10.1016/j.rmed.2025.108331","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rmed.2025.108331","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>We aimed to elucidate the cystic fibrosis (CF) microbiota composition (shotgun metagenomics) and functionality (short-chain fatty acids, SCFAs).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Fecal and sputum samples were recruited from 39 clinically stable CF subjects.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Bacillota and Pseudomonadota were dominant in both gut and lung compartments, whereas Ascomycota were the most abundant fungi in feces, and Basidiomycota, especially <em>Malassezia globosa</em>, in sputum. Viruses accounted for 0.4 % of the relative abundance in the gut and 0.6 % in lungs. <em>Mycobacteroides abscessus</em> was genetically identified in 10 individuals, although only 2 had positive cultures. Patients with higher levels of <em>Pseudomonas</em> filamentous phages had negative cultures for <em>P. aeruginosa</em>. The protozoan <em>Toxoplasma gondii</em> was detected in all sputum samples, accounting for 0.25 % of the metagenomic reads, with further PCR-confirmation in 50 % of subjects, including children. No correlation was found between SCFA and lung function or microbial composition. The resistome of the fecal compartment was higher than that of the lungs, and a greater abundance of SCFAs in the intestine was associated with poorer lung function.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Patients with normal-mild lung function had higher alpha diversity in the respiratory microbiota; however, beta diversity in the stool was statistically different compared with the group with poorer lung function. Although there were no differences in SCFA concentrations, butyrate-producing bacteria were more abundant in the sputum of the group with better lung function. In fecal samples, resistome to tetracyclines, glycopeptides, and aminoglycosides predominated, whereas in sputum an enrichment of ARGs related to tetracyclines, beta-lactams, and macrolides was observed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21057,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory medicine","volume":"248 ","pages":"Article 108331"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144918008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Benralizumab in severe eosinophilic asthma: A real-life data from Türkiye","authors":"Zeynep Çelebi Sözener ,&nbsp;Betül Özdel Öztürk ,&nbsp;Ece Şahinoğlu ,&nbsp;Serpil Köylüce ,&nbsp;Murat Türk ,&nbsp;Ömür Aydın ,&nbsp;Betül Ayşe Sin ,&nbsp;Dilşad Mungan ,&nbsp;İnsu Yılmaz ,&nbsp;Sevim Bavbek","doi":"10.1016/j.rmed.2025.108332","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rmed.2025.108332","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Benralizumab, a monoclonal antibody targeting IL-5α receptors, is approved for the treatment of severe eosinophilic asthma (SEA). Despite proven efficacy in randomized controlled trials, real-life data remain limited. This study aimed to evaluate effectiveness of benralizumab in real-life settings.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>This multicenter, bi-directional, observational study was conducted on SEA patients receiving benralizumab. Clinical assessments including asthma control test (ACT) scores, pulmonary function tests, blood eosinophil counts, oral corticosteroid (OCS) usage, clinically significant exacerbations (CSE), Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (AQLQ) and the Sino-Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT)-22 scores were recorded at baseline and at weeks 8, 24, and 52. The response to treatment was also evaluated at the end of 24th and 52 nd weeks.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 76 SEA patients (53F/23M) with a mean age of 50.01 ± 13.98 years were enrolled. The ACT scores increased from 17 (5–25) to 24 (6–25) at week 8 and remained stable at weeks 24 and 52. The rate of CSEs decreased by 97.7 %, 94.5 %, and 87.5 % at weeks 8, 24, and 52, respectively. At week 24, 71 % of 65 patients and at week 52, 68 % of 25 patients were OCS-free. The mean forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) increased by 298 mL at week 8 and 365 mL at week 24, while forced expiratory flow (FEF25-75) improved by 146 mL and 273 mL, respectively. Blood eosinophil counts dropped to nearly zero at week 8 and remained suppressed through weeks 24 and 52. Improvements in AQLQ and SNOT-22 scores were also observed at weeks 8 and 24. The overall response rates were 89.3 % at week 24 and 78.2 % at week 52, with super-responders at 38.5 % and 39.1 %, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Benralizumab demonstrated significant clinical and functional improvements, including better asthma control, enhanced quality of life, improved lung function, and reductions in CSEs and OCS usage, supporting its real-life efficacy in SEA.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21057,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory medicine","volume":"248 ","pages":"Article 108332"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144918009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BREEZE Optional Extension Phase: Long-term safety and efficacy of treprostinil dry powder inhaler (Tyvaso DPI) in pulmonary arterial hypertension","authors":"Sandeep Sahay ,&nbsp;Harold Palevsky ,&nbsp;Karim El-Kersh ,&nbsp;Ricardo Restrepo-Jaramillo ,&nbsp;Abubakr A. Bajwa ,&nbsp;Sapna Desai ,&nbsp;Joanna M. Joly ,&nbsp;Leslie A. Spikes ,&nbsp;Michael S. Eggert ,&nbsp;Shilpa Johri ,&nbsp;Shelley M. Shapiro ,&nbsp;Micah R. Fisher ,&nbsp;Trushil G. Shah ,&nbsp;Gautam V. Ramani ,&nbsp;Jinesh P. Mehta ,&nbsp;Claire M. Thrasher ,&nbsp;Chunqin Deng ,&nbsp;Peter Smith ,&nbsp;Meredith Broderick ,&nbsp;Charles D. Burger","doi":"10.1016/j.rmed.2025.108318","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rmed.2025.108318","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare and progressive disease associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Prostacyclins, including treprostinil, are a mainstay of PAH treatment, particularly in patients with intermediate to high risk of death. Following the approval of treprostinil inhalation solution for PAH, treprostinil dry powder inhaler (DPI) was developed as a small, portable, low-maintenance device to improve patient experience.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The primary objective of the BREEZE study was to assess the safety and tolerability of treprostinil DPI in PAH.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>BREEZE was a 3-week, single-arm, open-label study in which patients with PAH transitioned from a stable dose of treprostinil inhalation solution to a comparable dose of treprostinil DPI.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Following the 3-week treatment phase, 49 of 51 patients opted to enroll in the Optional Extension Phase (OEP). Throughout the OEP, 6MWD continued to increase with a median change from baseline of 16 m at week 107 and over a third of patients experiencing an improvement of at least 30 m. Patient satisfaction with the DPI device was overwhelmingly positive while drug-related adverse events were infrequent and characteristic of prostacyclin therapy.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The BREEZE OEP successfully demonstrated the safety of long-term treatment with treprostinil DPI in patients with PAH.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical trial registration</h3><div>NCT03950739.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21057,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory medicine","volume":"248 ","pages":"Article 108318"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144918007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to \"Comparison of the sensitivity and specificity of bronchiolitis severity scores in infants: a systematic review and meta-analysis\"[Respir Med. (2025) 242 108111].","authors":"I Liguoro, M Patui, M Vidoni, C Pilotto, P Cogo, G Martini","doi":"10.1016/j.rmed.2025.108298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rmed.2025.108298","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21057,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory medicine","volume":" ","pages":"108298"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144966837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distinctive computed tomography features of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease among dairy farmers and smokers","authors":"Emeline Mourouvin-Chevolot ,&nbsp;Lucie Laurent ,&nbsp;Frederic Claudé ,&nbsp;Virginie Westeel ,&nbsp;Paul Calame ,&nbsp;Eric Delabrousse ,&nbsp;Cindy Barnig ,&nbsp;Julien Behr","doi":"10.1016/j.rmed.2025.108319","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rmed.2025.108319","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To assess whether Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) associated with dairy farming presents distinct chest computed tomography (CT) features compared to smoking-related COPD and mixed-exposure COPD.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>We analyzed data from a prospective monocentric cohort of COPD patients categorized into three groups: non-smoking dairy farmers (F-COPD), smoking dairy farmers (M-COPD), and individuals with smoking related COPD without occupational exposure (S-COPD). All participants underwent chest CT at inclusion. Two radiologists, blinded to exposure status, independently assessed imaging features using standardized criteria.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 85 patients were included, with a mean age of 67 ± 9 years; 72 (85 %) were men. Emphysema was significantly less frequent in F-COPD (54.2 %) than in M-COPD (80.8 %) and S-COPD (80.0 %) (<em>p</em> = 0.05). Paraseptal emphysema was nearly absent in F-COPD (7 %) but prevalent in M-COPD (57 %) and S-COPD (75 %) (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). Mucus plug score was highest in F-COPD than S-COPD (1.17 ± 1.16), followed by by M-COPD (0.80 ± 1.05) and S-COPD (0.37 ± 0.77) (<em>p</em> = 0.04). Smoking-related features such as airway enlargement with fibrosis and pulmonary nodules were significantly less common in F-COPD. Tobacco exposure was lower in M-COPD than in S-COPD (<em>p</em> = 0.02).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>F-COPD exhibits a distinct, airway-dominant CT-phenotype with prominent mucus plugging and limited emphysema, suggesting a different pathophysiological mechanism driven by chronic exposure to organic dusts and bioaerosols in dairy farming. These findings support the use of chest CT for exposure-specific phenotyping and highlight the need for tailored therapeutic approaches in occupational COPD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21057,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory medicine","volume":"248 ","pages":"Article 108319"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144906874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring pulmonary rehabilitation programs implemented and conducted in Latin America for people with chronic respiratory conditions: A scoping review","authors":"Walter Sepúlveda-Loyola ,&nbsp;Clarice Tang ,&nbsp;Alejandro Álvarez-Bustos ,&nbsp;Iván Cuyul-Vásquez ,&nbsp;Nik Ensor ,&nbsp;Guilherme Grzelkovski ,&nbsp;Nicole Schneider ,&nbsp;Ashley Winter ,&nbsp;Felicity C. Blackstock ,&nbsp;Sheree Smith ,&nbsp;Navneet Chadha ,&nbsp;Pat G. Camp","doi":"10.1016/j.rmed.2025.108310","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rmed.2025.108310","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Although pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) has demonstrated efficacy in improving exercise tolerance, physical function and alleviating dyspnea in individuals with chronic respiratory conditions, there is little understanding on the delivery of PR research programs in the Latin American region. <strong>Objective:</strong> This review analyzed the implementation of PR research in Latin America, adherence to established ATS criteria, and the evaluation of PR program effectiveness in the region.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The search was conducted in six databases (CINAHL, Medline, Embase, Scielo, Web of Science and Health and Medical Collection) to June 2025, including studies published in English, Spanish, or Portuguese. Studies with adults from Latin America participating in any PR program were included.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We identified 53 studies (2522 individuals) from Brazil (n = 33), Colombia (n = 11), Cuba (n = 4), Chile (n = 3), Argentina (n = 1) and Uruguay (n = 1). Most PR participants were individuals with COPD (87 %). PR programs included exercise and educational programs involving a multidisciplinary team. Quality of life, dyspnea, aerobic capacity and muscle strength were the main assessments. Aerobic training was included in 46 studies (87 %) and strength training in 38 studies (72 %). Outcome measures included quality of life in 35 studies (66 %), dyspnea in 45 studies (85 %), aerobic capacity in 44 studies (83 %) and muscle strength in 24 studies (45 %). Thirty studies (57 %) followed international recommendations for PR.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In Latin America, PR has transitioned from basic therapeutic approaches to more comprehensive, evidence-based interventions. However, disparities remain, particularly in the exercise modalities, assessments, professional team and adherence to international guidelines.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21057,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory medicine","volume":"248 ","pages":"Article 108310"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144913259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}