Respiratory medicine最新文献

{"title":"The association between the stringency of COVID-19 public health mitigation strategies and pediatric asthma-related hospitalizations in Canada: an ecological study over 2 years","authors":"Sze Man Tse ,&nbsp;Abdoul Kabirou Babatounde ,&nbsp;Olivier Drouin ,&nbsp;Dhenuka Radhakrishnan ,&nbsp;Teresa To","doi":"10.1016/j.rmed.2025.108125","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rmed.2025.108125","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The drastic decrease in pediatric asthma exacerbations at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic was assumed to be secondary to public health mitigation measures. However, this association has not been formally evaluated. We examined the correlation between the incidence of pediatric asthma hospitalizations in Canada and the stringency index (SI), a measure of the severity of public health mitigation measures, during the first two years of the COVID-19 pandemic.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>Ecological study from March 1st, 2020 to March 31st, 2022. Hospitalization data were obtained from a pan-Canadian inpatient administrative database and the SI was obtained from the Centre of Excellence on the Canadian Federation. We included children aged 1–17 years who were hospitalized for asthma. The association between the monthly number of asthma-related hospitalizations and the monthly average SI was evaluated using the Pearson correlation coefficient and negative binomial regression models.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 11,842 children were hospitalized for asthma. The monthly number of asthma-related hospitalizations was highly correlated with the SI (r = −0.73; 95 % CI -0.87, −0.47) and was the strongest for the initial pandemic period (March–June 2020, r = −0.99; 95 % CI -0.99, −0.82). A surge of hospitalizations was observed starting in May 2021, which coincided with the relaxation of public health measures.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Using a pan-Canadian database, we demonstrated a strong negative correlation between the number of pediatric asthma-related hospitalizations and the stringency of public health mitigation measures. These findings are relevant for future epidemic and pandemic response strategies and resource allocation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21057,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory medicine","volume":"243 ","pages":"Article 108125"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143887079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The value of extra-diaphragmatic inspiratory muscle surface electromyography during postural control tasks in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","authors":"S. Klaps ,&nbsp;D. Langer ,&nbsp;R. Gosselink ,&nbsp;S. Dacha ,&nbsp;Z. Louvaris ,&nbsp;N. Jacobs ,&nbsp;W. Janssens ,&nbsp;L. Janssens","doi":"10.1016/j.rmed.2025.108127","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rmed.2025.108127","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Concurrent dysfunctions in postural control and diaphragm are observed in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Measuring diaphragm activation traditionally involves transesophageal diaphragm electromyography (EMG_di), which is costly and relatively invasive. Extra-diaphragmatic inspiratory muscle surface electromyography may serve as a useful physiological marker for EMG_di. This study compared EMG_di amplitude with surface EMG amplitude of other inspiratory muscles, including sternocleidomastoid (sEMG_scm), scalene (sEMG_scal), and parasternal intercostal muscles (sEMG_ic) during postural control tasks in nine patients with COPD (5 males; age: 65 ± 6 years; forced expiratory volume in the first second: 60 ± 27 % predicted). Simultaneous recordings of EMG_di, sEMG_scm, sEMG_scal, and sEMG_ic amplitudes were obtained during six postural control tasks involving upright standing with ballistic arm movements under different conditions of support surface (stable/foam), arm movement frequency (single/repetitive), and breathing modes (normal/breath-hold at end-expiration). EMG amplitudes were normalized to each muscle's maximum voluntary contraction. A linear mixed model with Bonferroni-Holm post-hoc tests and Bland-Altman analyses were performed. There was a significant EMG-by-task interaction (p = 0.0223). The amplitude of EMG_di was significantly lower than sEMG_ic across all tasks (p &lt; 0.0001 to 0.0007), while no significant differences were observed between EMG_di and sEMG_scm or EMG_di and sEMG_scal after Bonferroni-Holm correction (p = 0.019–0.858). Bland-Altman analyses indicated reasonable agreement between EMG_di and both sEMG_scm and sEMG_scal (mean biases: 1.8 % and −3.7 %), while sEMG_ic had a significantly higher overall bias of −20.7 %. These findings suggest that both sEMG_scal and sEMG_scm can serve as useful physiological markers for EMG_di in postural control assessments in patients with COPD.</div><div>NEW &amp; NOTEWORTHY.</div><div>This study highlights the potential of extra-diaphragmatic inspiratory muscle surface electromyography as a physiological marker for transesophageal diaphragm electromyography during postural control tasks in patients with COPD, thereby reducing the need for costly and invasive measurements.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21057,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory medicine","volume":"243 ","pages":"Article 108127"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143890754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk analysis of the association between red blood cell distribution width-to-peripheral oxygen saturation ratio and poor prognosis in critical patients with obstructive sleep apnea","authors":"Yonger Ou ,&nbsp;Jieying Hu ,&nbsp;Yan Wang ,&nbsp;Zhimin Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.rmed.2025.108120","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rmed.2025.108120","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is prevalent among critically ill patients and associated with increased mortality. This study investigates the red blood cell distribution width (RDW)-to-peripheral oxygen saturation ratio (RSR) as a predictor of all-cause mortality in critically ill OSA patients using the MIMIC-IV database.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We extracted clinical data from 3237 critically ill OSA patients in MIMIC-IV (version 3.1). The Boruta algorithm was employed for feature selection, and patients were stratified into quartiles based on RSR values. Primary and secondary outcomes were all-cause mortality at 365-day and 30-day, respectively. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, restricted cubic splines (RCS), and Cox regression were applied to analyze RSR's relationship with outcomes. ROC curves compared RSR with classical prognostic scores, and Delong test assessed AUC differences.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Higher RSR levels were associated with increased 365-day and 30-day mortality (Kaplan-Meier, log-rank P &lt; 0.01). Cox regression confirmed higher mortality risk in the highest RSR quartile. RCS analysis revealed an S-shaped relationship, with inflection points at 19.89 for both outcomes. Below the inflection point, higher RSR levels increased 30-day mortality risk by 30.68 % (HR 1.31, 95 %CI: 1.23–1.38) and 365-day mortality by 35.30 % (HR 1.35, 95 %CI: 1.30–1.41). For 365-day mortality, RSR outperformed SOFA and OASIS (Delong test P &lt; 0.01), and was comparable to SAPS II, APS III, and Charlson scores (Delong test P &gt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>RSR significantly associates with all-cause mortality in critically ill OSA patients, particularly those with elevated RSR, serving as a promising prognostic indicator for short- and long-term mortality risk assessment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21057,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory medicine","volume":"242 ","pages":"Article 108120"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143877026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pulmonary rehabilitation utilization in patients with chronic respiratory diseases: 2014–2019","authors":"A. Matta ,&nbsp;E. Polychronopoulou ,&nbsp;Y.-F. Kuo ,&nbsp;G. Sharma ,&nbsp;A.G. Duarte","doi":"10.1016/j.rmed.2025.108110","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rmed.2025.108110","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Chronic respiratory diseases are associated with significant disability and death. Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) is recommended in the management of chronic respiratory diseases. There is limited population level data comparing PR utilization and completion among patients with chronic respiratory diseases.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective, cross sectional analysis concerning PR use in adults residing in the U.S. with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), interstitial lung disease (ILD), idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), pulmonary hypertension, and bronchiectasis was conducted using the Merative™ MarketScan® Research Databases. PR use was identified using current procedural terminology (CPT) and healthcare common procedure coding system (HCPCS) codes. Demographics, comorbidities, oxygen use, medications, initiation and participation of PR by disease state were collected. Analysis involved chi-square tests and generalized estimating equations.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>From 2014 to 2019, we identified 892,741 adults with chronic respiratory diseases and COPD was the most prevalent. PR initiation occurred in 2.3 % and annual participation ranged from 1.5 % to 1.7 %. The IPF group had the largest proportion of patients that initiated PR compared to other groups. Completion of ≥8 sessions was greatest for the group with IPF (60.8 %), followed by non IPF ILD (56.2 %), bronchiectasis (55.3 %), pulmonary hypertension (55.1 %) and COPD (53.9 %). Completion of ≥8 sessions was significantly greater for the IPF group compared to the COPD group, (p &lt; 0.0001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>PR was underutilized among individuals with chronic respiratory disease, however the group with IPF demonstrated the greatest proportion of PR initiation and completion compared with other groups.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21057,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory medicine","volume":"242 ","pages":"Article 108110"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143864117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of the sensitivity and specificity of bronchiolitis severity scores in infants: a systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Ilaria Liguoro ,&nbsp;Michele Patui ,&nbsp;Michael Vidoni ,&nbsp;Chiara Pilotto ,&nbsp;Paola Cogo ,&nbsp;Giorgia Martini","doi":"10.1016/j.rmed.2025.108111","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rmed.2025.108111","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) represents the most common cause of acute respiratory hospitalization in children &lt;24 months of age. Several clinical scores have been proposed to estimate disease severity.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aims to compare the sensitivity and specificity of clinical scores assessing the severity of bronchiolitis in children &lt;2 years old.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases were approached to identify all studies published before 31^st December 2024 using bronchiolitis severity scores and providing data regarding their sensitivity and specificity.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>At the end of the selection process, 18 studies evaluating 13 clinical severity scores were analysed. A total of 6552 children (weighted mean age 5.1 months – range 0–24 months) with a diagnosis of bronchiolitis were included. The summary ROC analysis demonstrated that the GRSS (Global Respiratory Severity Scale) performed better than other scores in discriminating children at risk for severe disease. In particular, the GRSS showed cumulative sensitivity and specificity values of 0.87 (95 %CI: 0.80–0.92) and 0.92 (95 %CI: 0.88–0.95) respectively, with elevated accuracy (0.90).</div></div><div><h3>Limits</h3><div>We limited our analysis only to studies reporting specificity and sensitivity values, possibly excluding other validated scores, but we aimed to perform a balanced analysis involving the most possible homogenous population.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>There is limited but moderate-to-adequate evidence that the GRSS score has better sensitivity and specificity for clinically assessing the severity of bronchiolitis in infants and children &lt;2 years old. However, further studies are needed to validate these results, ideally using larger datasets.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21057,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory medicine","volume":"242 ","pages":"Article 108111"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143855258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring a novel approach to COPD treatment: benralizumab effect in an ex vivo 3-D model","authors":"Alida Benfante ,&nbsp;Alessandra Tomasello ,&nbsp;Alessandro Pitruzzella ,&nbsp;Alberto Fucarino ,&nbsp;Roberto Marchese ,&nbsp;Fabio Bucchieri ,&nbsp;Nicola Scichilone","doi":"10.1016/j.rmed.2025.108107","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rmed.2025.108107","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Recent evidence supports the hypothesis that eosinophilic inflammation is a relevant component in the pathogenesis of COPD.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The current study aimed to assess the effects of Benralizumab, on ex vivo “COPD smoke-induced” bronchial mucosa equivalents.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Three-dimensional (3D) composite ex-vivo bronchial mucosa are used to study the mechanisms of repair, regeneration and differentiation within the epithelial-mesenchymal trophic unit (EMTU). After a one month incubation in growth medium and basal membrane extracts, epithelial cells differentiate into ciliated and mucous-producing cells, and mesenchymal cells into fibroblasts. This culture model is induced to express an inflammatory phenotype through exposure to cigarette smoke extracts. Eosinophils (Eos) are placed underneath the connective layers, whereas monocytes are activated and monocyte conditioned medium (MCM) is collected. The inflammatory cells established a cross-talk with resident cells by cytokine productions. The protocol included four experimental conditions: untreated control (K), Eos only (EO), Eos + MCM (EOMO), Eos + MCM + Benralizumab (EMB).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Cytokine concentrations at basal and apical side were analyzed. At basal side, IL (interleukin)-5 significantly increased after the addition of eosinophils and monocytes, and decreased after the introduction of Benralizumab to the culture (after 14 days of treatment, K group: 14.6 ± 3.2 pg/mL; EO group: 13.9 ± 4.2 pg/mL; EOMO group: 35.7 ± 5.9 pg/mL; EMB group: 14.04 ± 4 pg/mL, p &lt; 0.005). The reduction persisted for the subsequent 14 days. IL-6 and IL-15 concentration was high in EOMO groups while EMB groups had a reduction in both interleukins concentration.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The findings described lead to speculate on a potential action of benralizumab on alternative inflammatory targets.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21057,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory medicine","volume":"242 ","pages":"Article 108107"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143855193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nasal potential difference in young children is feasible - Report from a national referral center","authors":"Michael Cohen ,&nbsp;Mordechai Slae ,&nbsp;Ayelet Gamliel ,&nbsp;David Shoseyov ,&nbsp;Malena Cohen-Cymberknoh ,&nbsp;Oded Breuer ,&nbsp;Galit Livnat ,&nbsp;Liron Birimberg-Schwartz ,&nbsp;Michael Wilschanski","doi":"10.1016/j.rmed.2025.108097","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rmed.2025.108097","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>–Nasal Potential Difference (NPD) is an established diagnostic tool for CF. However, standardized values for very young patients are lacking.</div></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><div>– To evaluate the feasibility of performing NPD testing in young children.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>– We modified the standard NPD protocol for young children by shortening the infusion time per solution to 2 min. No sedation was required.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>– Fifty-five children aged 6 days to 3 years were enrolled from 2010 to 2024, with 50 completing the modified NPD protocol, 2 failing to tolerate the procedure, and 3 having inconclusive results. Fourty-eight results were normal, and 2 abnormal. In the normal group, the basal potential difference (PD) averaged −17 ± 6 mV, amiloride response was 7 ± 3 mV, and chloride-free + isoproterenol response was −9 ± 5 mV. The two abnormal results were observed in a 12-month-old with failure to thrive and a 6-day-old with meconium plug, presenting with basal PD of −30 mV and −28 mV respectively, with no cAMP response. CF was diagnosed in the 12-month-old based on clinical symptoms and sweat test of 70 meq/L. The 6-day-old, is being followed for mild asthma with normal repeat sweat testing. None of the children with normal NPD results were diagnosed with CF.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>–NPD testing is feasable in very young children. This protocol could be valuable for investigating cases of CF screened positive indeterminate diagnosis (CFSPID) or CF metabolic syndrome (CFMS), and for pre- and post-testing in clinical trials. Further validation studies are warranted.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21057,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory medicine","volume":"242 ","pages":"Article 108097"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143876948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Innovative dual-pump regulation in veno-arteriovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: A Single‐center experience","authors":"Guangyun Huang,&nbsp;Ying Liu,&nbsp;Zhiyong Yuan,&nbsp;Huimin Ge,&nbsp;Fuhua Wang,&nbsp;Jinyan Xing","doi":"10.1016/j.rmed.2025.108108","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rmed.2025.108108","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To evaluate the safety and efficacy of veno-arteriovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (V-AV ECMO) with a secondary centrifugal pump to control blood flow in return pathways as an alternative to the conventional Hoffman clamp.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>We conducted a retrospective review of all adult patients who underwent V-AV ECMO in our hospital from January 1, 2022, to December 31, 2023. Data, including demographic characteristics, comorbidities, and ECMO-specific information, were systematically extracted from electronic medical records.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Five patients, three (60 %) of whom were male, underwent V-AV ECMO. Four patients were initially placed on veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (V-V ECMO), and one was placed on veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (V-A ECMO). The mean duration of V-AV ECMO support was 14.4 ± 11.4 days. Ventilator support was reduced, and fewer vasoactive drugs were administrated. Hemoglobin and platelets tended to decrease in all five patients, but D-dimer did not increase. No patients experienced active bleeding, and one patient developed oxygenator thrombosis. Two patients survived to discharge.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>V-AV ECMO using a secondary centrifugal pump is feasible and likely safe without increasing the risk of ECMO-related complications such as hemolysis, thrombocytopenia, blood clot formation, or clotting factor consumption. Future prospective studies are warranted to validate these findings and optimize ECMO management protocols.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21057,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory medicine","volume":"242 ","pages":"Article 108108"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143855256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of air cleaners to reduce allergic responses to cat: A randomized clinical trial using an environmental exposure chamber","authors":"Alina Gherasim,&nbsp;Frank Dietsch,&nbsp;Florian Odul,&nbsp;Thibaut Riff,&nbsp;Nathalie Domis,&nbsp;Frederic de Blay","doi":"10.1016/j.rmed.2025.108105","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rmed.2025.108105","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Air cleaners improve indoor air quality by reducing pollutants and airborne allergens. Only a few clinical studies showed their efficacy in respiratory diseases in environmental exposure chambers (EECs).</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To assess the efficacy of the Dyson HEPA H13 filter (Big + Quiet Formaldehyde) air cleaner on allergic responses in cat-allergic patients.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This single-center, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group study enrolled 30 GINA 1–2 cat-asthmatic patients with or without allergic rhinoconjunctivitis. Patients were included (Visit 1) according to their allergy and asthma history and skin prick testing for cat allergens. At randomization (Visit 2), patients presented early asthma response (EAR), during 2-h exposures to 80 ng/m³ of cat allergen in ALYATEC EEC. A second allergen exposure (Visit 3) evaluated the impact of air cleaners on bronchial, nasal and ocular responses as compared to placebo.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>EAR was significantly delayed in the active group (p = 0.02). After 50 min of exposure, no patient developed EAR in the active group, compared to 53.3 % in the placebo group. FEV 1 rates were reduced in 40 % of EAR in the active group compared to 73.3 % in the placebo group (p = 0.06). Air cleaners reduced rhino-conjunctivitis by 52.2 % with a mean TSS of 1.6 compared to 3.3 in the placebo group (p = 0.03). Rhinitis responses were improved in the active group, compared to placebo (p = 0.03). Air cleaners decreased cat allergen from 79.6 ng/m³ to 14.2 ng/m³</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Air cleaners improved clinical allergic responses during cat allergen exposures in ALYATEC EEC.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21057,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory medicine","volume":"242 ","pages":"Article 108105"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143855192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regulatory T cells in the blood of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Mobina Jalalvand ,&nbsp;Hanieh Tahermohammadi ,&nbsp;Elham Madreseh ,&nbsp;Mohammad Varahram ,&nbsp;Hooman Sharifi ,&nbsp;Maryam Akhtari ,&nbsp;Hamidreza Jamaati","doi":"10.1016/j.rmed.2025.108104","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rmed.2025.108104","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) ranks among the leading causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Due to the lack of effective treatments for COPD, targeting regulatory T-cells (Treg) has recently attracted considerable attention. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to review all of the existing data about the percentage of Treg cells in peripheral blood samples of COPD patients to discover the potential role of these cells in finding new treatments for these patients.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We explored SCOPUS, PubMed, and Web of Science databases using search terms like “Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease”, “Emphysema”, “suppressive lymphocyte”, and “Regulatory T Cell”. Data regarding the number of COPD patients and healthy subjects, Treg cell identification, definition of Treg cell markers, and the percentage of Tregs in COPD patients and controls, in addition to smoking, and clinical status of COPD patients were extracted.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The overall assessment showed no significant difference in the frequency of Treg cells between COPD patients and healthy subjects. No remarkable difference in Treg frequencies was observed in subgroup analysis based on the markers used to define Tregs, the clinical state of COPD patients, and the patient's smoking history. Based on our results, smoking reduces the level of Treg cells in the body. The frequency of CD4⁺CD25⁺FoxP3⁺ Tregs was considerably lower in the blood of smokers than in non-smoking healthy individuals.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The overall result of this meta-analysis points out the importance of smoking in the prevalence of peripheral blood Treg cells.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21057,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory medicine","volume":"242 ","pages":"Article 108104"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143850601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}