{"title":"Meaning in interaction","authors":"Arnulf Deppermann, Elwys De Stefani","doi":"10.1075/il.24004.dep","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/il.24004.dep","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This editorial to the Special Issue on “Meaning in Interaction” introduces to the approach of Interactional\u0000 Semantics, which has been developed over the last years within the framework of Interactional Linguistics. It discusses how\u0000 “meaning” is understood and approached in this framework and lays out that Interactional Semantics is interested in how\u0000 participants clarify and negotiate the meanings of the expressions that they are using in social interaction. Commonalities and\u0000 differences of this approach with other approaches to meaning are flagged, and the intellectual origins and precursors of\u0000 Interactional Semantics are introduced. The contributions to the Special Issue are located in the larger field of research.","PeriodicalId":210541,"journal":{"name":"Interactional Linguistics","volume":"4 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140231838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Displaying a negative stance by questioning meaning","authors":"Elwys De Stefani","doi":"10.1075/il.22012.des","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/il.22012.des","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Speakers of Italian have at their disposal a variety of phrasal and clausal resources for questioning meaning,\u0000 among which is the format che cosa vuol dire X? (‘what does X mean?’). Likewise, recent studies on English and\u0000 German about similar resources have shown that speakers use them to identify a meaning problem. This contribution takes a step\u0000 further, by showing that the ‘what does X mean?’ format allows speakers to accomplish a variety of actions. These may be related\u0000 to (a) the negotiation of understanding, and (b) the display of a negative stance. In many occurrences, the interactants display\u0000 clear orientation to either a problem of understanding or a commonly shared negative stance. However, in sensitive environments\u0000 (such as conflictual discussions), the resource allows speakers to (c) frame their negative stance as a problem of understanding,\u0000 thereby resisting escalation of the conflict. The ‘what does X mean?’ format may or may not be produced with concomitant embodied\u0000 behaviour. When the format is used to problematise understanding, no specific embodied conduct is observed. Yet, when it is used\u0000 to display a negative stance, speakers may be seen to perform the grappolo gesture.","PeriodicalId":210541,"journal":{"name":"Interactional Linguistics","volume":" 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139624695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Meta-semantic practices in social interaction","authors":"Arnulf Deppermann","doi":"10.1075/il.23002.dep","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/il.23002.dep","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000In social interaction, different kinds of word-meaning can become problematic for participants. This study analyzes two meta-semantic practices, definitions and specifications, which are used in response to clarification requests in German implemented by the format Was heißt X (‘What does X mean?’). In the data studied, definitions are used to convey generalizable lexical meanings of mostly technical terms. These terms are either unknown to requesters, or, in pedagogical contexts, requesters ask in order to check the addressee’s knowledge. Specifications, in contrast, clarify aspects of local speaker meanings of ordinary expressions (e.g., reference, participants in an event, standards applied to scalar expressions). Both definitions and specifications are recipient-designed with respect to the (presumed) knowledge of the addressee and tailored to the topical and practical relevancies of the current interaction. Both practices attest to the flexibility and situatedness of speakers’ semantic understandings and to the systematicity of using meta-semantic practices differentially for different kinds of semantic problems. Data are come from mundane and institutional interaction in German from the public corpus FOLK.","PeriodicalId":210541,"journal":{"name":"Interactional Linguistics","volume":"116 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139444780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Calibrating recipiency through pronominal reference","authors":"Josua Dahmen, Joe Blythe","doi":"10.1075/il.22005.dah","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/il.22005.dah","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Participants in conversation have a range of options for referring to co-conversationalists – lexical, grammatical, embodied – regardless of their language. Personal pronouns have been described as the most unmarked way of achieving reference, where little else is accomplished other than the action of referring. We demonstrate that speakers in a multi-party conversation whose language distinguishes between second and third-person pronouns, or between inclusive and exclusive pronouns, are constantly attributing and managing participation roles when referring to co-participants, even when using the default reference forms. Grammatical contrasts within pronoun inventories are recruited, often in conjunction with points and gaze, to indicate which co-participants are being addressed and which are being referred to. Address is constantly recalibrated through practices of reference. Speakers also draw on more marked referential expressions in order to emphasise the attribution of participation roles more explicitly. This study is based on a corpus of casual multi-party conversations in Jaru, an endangered Australian language with a dual pronominal system which encodes three grammatical numbers (singular, dual, and plural) and specifies whether the referents of first-person dual and plural pronouns exclude or include the addressee(s).","PeriodicalId":210541,"journal":{"name":"Interactional Linguistics","volume":"130 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115081002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Can temporal clauses be insubordinate?","authors":"E. Couper-Kuhlen, S. Thompson","doi":"10.1075/il.22006.cou","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/il.22006.cou","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000In this paper we aim to determine whether temporal clauses can be shown to be insubordinate in everyday American English interaction. In order to investigate grammatical insubordination in conversation, we operationalize the notion of ‘insubordination’ as a specific practice for designing a turn-at-talk and implementing a social action. That is, we treat as ‘insubordinate’ a clause with a grammatically subordinate form that (a) is freestanding, that is, forms a prosodic unit of its own, (b) implements a discrete social action in its sequential context, and (c) has an independent interpretation, that is, is interpretable and actionable in the absence of a main clause. We then examine five different types of freestanding temporal clauses in conversation which might be considered candidate insubordinate uses. Our data show that in some cases both criteria (b) and (c) are lacking, while in others it is criterion (c) that is absent. In none of these cases are all three criteria satisfied at once. We conclude that temporal clauses do not exhibit insubordination in English conversation as do other adverbial clauses such as those with ’if’.","PeriodicalId":210541,"journal":{"name":"Interactional Linguistics","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126865229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Variation and change in the sociophonetic variable ing in format ties","authors":"M. Eiswirth, Felix Bergmann","doi":"10.1075/il.22003.eis","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/il.22003.eis","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Format ties, “partial repetitions of prior talk” (Goodwin & Goodwin\u0000 1987, p. 207), are interesting from an interactional perspective with respect to their functions relating to, for\u0000 example, (dis-) agreement/alignment or humour, and for scholars of Language Variation and Change because they offer uniquely\u0000 comparable phonological contexts in naturalistic speech. The present paper investigates the distribution of the sociolinguistic\u0000 variable ing in format ties in a set of dyadic interviews of six speakers from the North-East of England who were\u0000 recorded two or three times throughout their twenties – those career-building years during which we often see a change from the\u0000 predominant use of the alveolar variant (“in’”) to the velar (“ing”).\u0000 The analysis offers possible interactional and stylistic explanations for the community-level stability and the\u0000 speaker-level variation and change of ing by focusing on contexts in which speakers format tie. It shows that the\u0000 use of the highly frequent and thus less marked alveolar variant tends to occur in aligning contexts, while the few velar cases\u0000 occur in moments where speakers disalign on some level. This argument contributes to work combining interactional and variationist\u0000 endeavours, in particular with respect to the variable ing.","PeriodicalId":210541,"journal":{"name":"Interactional Linguistics","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129788550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Egophoricity and evidentiality: Different categories, similar discourse functions","authors":"Erika Sandman, Karolina Grzech","doi":"10.1075/il.21014.san","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/il.21014.san","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000This article discusses how evidential and egophoric making is used to manage knowledge in interaction. To this end, it analyzes interactional data from Wutun (mixed Sinitic, Northwest China) and Upper Napo Kichwa (Quechuan, Ecuador). Wutun has an egophoric marking system, which, according to the definition of egophoricity, encodes involvement/lack of involvement in the described event. Upper Napo Kichwa has a set of evidentials, which, according to theory, encode the source of evidence for a given proposition. The two languages are typologically unrelated. However, when we look closely at how speakers of Wutun and Kichwa use epistemic markers, we discover functional similarities not predicted by the dominant definitions of epistemicity and evidentiality. In both languages, the use of the markers is conditioned by the interpersonal context of the interaction, and speakers use egophoric and evidential marking to signal their epistemic rights and responsibilities with respect to other speech-act participants.","PeriodicalId":210541,"journal":{"name":"Interactional Linguistics","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121116319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Stefan Pfänder, Philipp Freyburger, D. Marzo, Ignacio Satti
{"title":"Doing remembering as a multimodal accomplishment","authors":"Stefan Pfänder, Philipp Freyburger, D. Marzo, Ignacio Satti","doi":"10.1075/il.21011.pfa","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/il.21011.pfa","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000The present study investigates how remembering is publicly displayed during storytelling in Oral History Interviews with Italian-speaking witnesses of labor camps during WWII. We focus on the use of the first-person indicative mi ricordo (‘I remember’). In this particular narrative genre, mi ricordo is recurrently used by narrators, as it makes the act of remembering publicly accessible. Drawing upon the methods of Interactional Linguistics, we identify two practices involving the use of mi ricordo: projecting the transition to the narration of a specific episode and displaying epistemic credibility towards facts. We argue that these practices correspond respectively to prospective and retrospective scopes of mi ricordo. Furthermore, a fine-grained multimodal analysis shows that narrators make the scopes of mi ricordo recognizable through recurrent multimodal gestalts, which encompass verbal, prosodic and bodily resources. In the discussion, we argue that the recognizable gestalts are routinized ways of dealing with the emergent character of remembering in oral history interviews and with the interactional tasks that are relevant in this particular communicative genre. The findings highlight that doing remembering is a multimodal accomplishment.","PeriodicalId":210541,"journal":{"name":"Interactional Linguistics","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116901866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Suffixation and sequentiality","authors":"C. W. Raymond","doi":"10.1075/il.21012.ray","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/il.21012.ray","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This paper offers some reflections on the study of morphology – broadly speaking, ‘word formation’ – as a\u0000 participants’ resource in social interaction. I begin by calling attention to morphology as a comparatively underexamined\u0000 component of linguistic structure by conversation analysts and interactional linguists, in that it has yet to receive the same\u0000 dedicated consideration as have, e.g., phonetics and syntax. I then present an ongoing study of suffixes/suffixation in Spanish –\u0000 focusing on diminutives (e.g., –ito), augmentatives (e.g., –ote), and superlatives (i.e.,\u0000 –ísimo) – and describe how the sequentiality of interaction can offer analysts profound insight into\u0000 participants’ orientations to morphological resources. With what I refer to as ‘morphological transformations’ – exemplified here\u0000 in both same-turn and next-turn positions – interactants sequentially construct and expose morphological complexity as such,\u0000 locally instantiating its relevance in the service of action. It is argued that a focus on transformations therefore provides\u0000 analysts with a means to ‘break into’ morphology-based collections. A range of cases are presented to illustrate this\u0000 methodological approach, before a concluding discussion in which I describe how morphology-focused investigations may intersect\u0000 with explorations of other interactional phenomena.","PeriodicalId":210541,"journal":{"name":"Interactional Linguistics","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123906689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Responses within activities","authors":"M. Marmorstein, Nadav Matalon","doi":"10.1075/il.21003.mar","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/il.21003.mar","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Large conversational activities (e.g., storytelling) necessitate a suspension of ordinary turn-taking rules. In the resulting constellation of main speaker and recipient, minimal displays of cooperative recipiency become relevant at particular junctures. We investigate this mechanism by focusing on the Egyptian Arabic particle ʔāh ‘yeah’ when thus used. We observe that tokens of ʔāh are mobilized by main speakers via the opening of prosodic slots at local pragmatic completion points. The prosodic design of the particle at these points is sensitive to prior talk and displays recipients’ alignment at the structural, action-sequential, and relational levels. This is done through variation of three prosodic features, namely, rhythm-based timing, pitch configuration, and prominence. The measure of alignment proposed by ʔāh is implicative for the continuation of the turn. While smooth progression suggests that ʔāh is understood to be sufficiently fitted and aligned, expansions are traceable to a departure from the terms set by prior talk, which can be heard to indicate lesser alignment. We propose to view ʔāh response tokens as a subset of positionally sensitive responses to part-of-activity actions that are crucial for the co-accomplishment of a large activity.","PeriodicalId":210541,"journal":{"name":"Interactional Linguistics","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129294001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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