R&D Management最新文献

{"title":"Limits of open innovation during the organizational change: a case study of a Partner Campus","authors":"Khuram Shahzad, Sorin Dan, Faisal Imran, Philipp Holtkamp, Mari K. Niemi, Martin Meyer","doi":"10.1111/radm.12675","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/radm.12675","url":null,"abstract":"The literature on open innovation (OI) has mainly been focused on the ‘bright side’ of OI, thus neglecting the limits of OI implementation influencing innovation processes during organizational change. It requires to develop a better understanding about the limits of OI. Therefore, this study explores the limits of OI during organizational change and provides approaches that drive firms to offset these limits. The empirical analysis is based on an in‐depth single case study and data was collected through semi‐structured interviews with the representatives engaged with Partner Campus – an OI initiative developed by a multinational manufacturing company. We have found that during the change process of adapting collaborative and absorptive capabilities, and developing organizational readiness, several internal and external challenges limit the company's drive to open up. Internal challenges arise when organizations start the change process in unfreezing stage. The traditional organizational culture and structure challenge incumbent firms to break the existing silos and utilize knowledge and resources effectively for OI implementation, hindering intra‐organizational collaboration. While external challenges arise when organizations transform their endeavors across organizational boundaries and collaborate with external stakeholders. When firms lack knowledge integration and technological capabilities, OI creates collaborative complexity given the magnitude of involved diverse actors and activities at different levels, which challenges the organizations to maintain the longevity of OI practices, resulting in several risks that limit firms to open up. However, we have identified the capabilities and actions that firms can take to strengthen a collaborative environment by counterbalancing these challenges. We contribute to the literature on OI by identifying and assessing the limits of OI, embedded in the organizational change process, that hinder organizational drive for OI. We also contribute to organizational change literature by identifying specific changes related to organizational processes, structure, and culture, and outlining approaches that can support a smooth transition.","PeriodicalId":21040,"journal":{"name":"R&D Management","volume":"100 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140036394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"R&D investments in emerging market firms: the role of institutional investors and board interlocks","authors":"Saneesh Edacherian, Vidya Sukumara Panicker, Amon Chizema","doi":"10.1111/radm.12678","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/radm.12678","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the increase in institutional investor shareholdings in emerging market firms, their impact on R&D investments has received scant attention in the literature. By integrating agency and resource dependence perspectives, we examine the role of different types of institutional investors and their interactions with board interlocks in shaping their preference for R&D investment in their portfolio firms. We test our hypotheses on a sample of 2,478 Indian firm-year observations from 2005 to 2019, using various estimation techniques. Our results indicate that different categories of institutional investors have distinct preferences for R&D investment. Specifically, we find that ownership by both foreign institutional investors and mutual fund investors negatively impacts R&D investments in firms. While board interlocks positively moderate the impact of institutional investors such as banks and financial institutions and foreign institutional investors on R&D investments in firms, this moderation is negative in the case of mutual fund investors and R&D investments in firms. We contribute to the understanding of the determinants of R&D investments in emerging market firms, with a specific focus on institutional investor ownership and add to the nascent literature on the interaction between two forms of governance, i.e., ownership and board characteristics, in shaping this firm strategy.","PeriodicalId":21040,"journal":{"name":"R&D Management","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139945770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From depth and breadth of knowledge to technological capability: a journey inside a firm's intellectual capital","authors":"Ali Esfandyarpour, Mohammad Reza Arasti, Mohammad Saleh Farazi, Iman Miremadi","doi":"10.1111/radm.12669","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/radm.12669","url":null,"abstract":"In the current knowledge-intensive economy, a firm's intellectual capital refers to its idiosyncratic internal and external knowledge-related assets. While technological knowledge is a major constituent of intellectual capital, past research has often equated it with technological capability. However, technological capability includes not only codified knowledge, but also tacit know-how that is not captured by formal intellectual property. We argue that while a firm's patents might serve as a proxy for measuring its base of technological knowledge, they are not a good proxy for a firm's technological capabilities. Therefore, we offer a novel approach based on a machine learning technique to capture a biopharmaceutical firm's technological capabilities using the clinical trials that it carries out. Picturing a hypothetical journey where firms transform and exploit technological knowledge to move towards building technological capabilities, we address a research gap on the link between a firm's depth and breadth of technological knowledge on the one hand, and its technology diversity on the other. Analyzing a sample of 204 biopharma firms from 2006 to 2018, we find a positive relationship between the breadth of technological knowledge and technology diversity in a firm. In contrast, the relationship between the depth of technological knowledge and technology diversity is negative. We also find that in the presence of product/market diversification, the positive relationship between the breadth of technological knowledge and technology diversity is stronger. Implications for research and practice are also discussed.","PeriodicalId":21040,"journal":{"name":"R&D Management","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139515543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emerging economy firm technological catch-up through a dual innovation ecosystem framework","authors":"Joshua B. Sears, Muhammad A. Muhammad","doi":"10.1111/radm.12666","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/radm.12666","url":null,"abstract":"Research has identified two principal mechanisms for emerging economy (EE) firms to technologically catch up with advanced economy (AE) firms: absorbing knowledge spillovers from AE subsidiaries and internationalizing R&D into AEs. Prior technological catch-up research has assumed EE firms are merely trailing their AE counterparts on the technological frontier when in fact the research on the bottom of the pyramid, as well as other research streams, have recognized that the different consumer demands in EEs and AEs drive different R&D activities in EEs and AEs. We submit that technological catch-up requires both the upgrading of technological capabilities and the shifting of R&D activity from solving EE demand problems to solving AE demand problems. Utilizing patent data, we investigate the relative efficacy of AE knowledge spillovers and internationalizing R&D in AEs on technological catch-up within a dual innovation ecosystem framework. We find that knowledge spillovers affect technological catch-up through a process that initially decreases the technological capabilities of EE firms before increasing such capabilities as EE firms shift R&D activity towards the AE innovation ecosystem. However, we find that internationalizing R&D in AEs yields a significant positive effect on EE firms' technological capabilities and shifts their innovative activities towards solving AE demand problems.","PeriodicalId":21040,"journal":{"name":"R&D Management","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139376443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ambidexterity within a multinational context: how organisations can leverage explorative and exploitative reverse innovation","authors":"Linus Roth, Simone Corsi, Mathew Hughes","doi":"10.1111/radm.12668","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/radm.12668","url":null,"abstract":"Organisational ambidexterity allows firms to maintain a competitive advantage. In today's globally competitive environment, characterised by dispersed knowledge and diversified markets, ambidexterity assumes an even more important connotation from a geographic perspective. In this context, emerging economies (EEs) play a vital role as sources of innovators and market disruptors. This has resulted in the emerging phenomenon of reverse innovation (RI) and the rethinking of firms' multinational R&D and innovation strategies. The present study aims to answer how RI can be incorporated into multinational R&D strategies to bring about organisational ambidexterity on a firm level by balancing explorative and exploitative innovative activities across advanced economies (AEs) and EEs. With primary data collected through semi-structured interviews with thirty R&D executives and senior managers, we find that RI can occur in the form of complete products and smaller innovative contributions toward developing new products that arise from the multinational collaboration between headquarters of organisations, their subsidiaries, and partners. We also find that multinational enterprises use both exploration and exploitation in EEs as the foundation for RI. Finally, we propose four distinct explorative and exploitative RI types that multinational enterprises can pursue to balance their ambidextrous activities across geographies. These four types of innovation are comprised of reverse product innovations and reverse flows of innovative contributions, each of explorative and exploitative nature.","PeriodicalId":21040,"journal":{"name":"R&D Management","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139376198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Places and spaces of collaborative R&D and innovation: navigating the role of physical and virtual contexts","authors":"Seppo Leminen, Katharina De Vita, Mika Westerlund, Paavo Ritala","doi":"10.1111/radm.12663","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/radm.12663","url":null,"abstract":"The context in which collaborative R&D and innovation activities take place is a critical driver of success and failure. However, innovation management research tends to often abstract the context away, leaving the crucial contingency factors unaddressed. This special issue explores multifaceted collaborative R&D and innovation contexts across physical and virtual domains. An array of ten articles dissect various contexts, including cross-sector partnerships, innovation hubs, living labs, makerspaces, and virtual collaboration spaces and communities, highlighting their impact on innovation processes and outcomes. In this editorial, we develop a ‘Collaborative Innovation Space Matrix’ to firstly integrate the insights from the special issue focusing on collaboration dynamics and type of spaces and, secondly, to propose a call for action for innovation researchers to better understand the crucial role of context in collaborative R&D and innovation.","PeriodicalId":21040,"journal":{"name":"R&D Management","volume":"86 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138684215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of Republican CEO ideology and political alignment on R&D spending and business performance","authors":"Chiquan Guo, Md Noman Hossain, Mark J. Kroll, Ahmed Elnahas, Brandon Ater","doi":"10.1111/radm.12664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/radm.12664","url":null,"abstract":"Based on a sample of firms in the S&amp;P 1500 index covering the years 1993 to 2016, we find that firms with Republican CEOs spend less on R&amp;D compared to their Democratic counterparts. However, Republican CEOs ratchet up their R&amp;D spending when a Republican is in the Oval Office. Furthermore, we find that R&amp;D spending is negatively related to return on assets (<i>ROA</i>), which is indicative of the risky nature of R&amp;D spending, but R&amp;D is positively related to <i>Tobin Q</i>, a longer-term performance measure. As a consequence, when Republican CEOs manage under a Republican president, the effect of accelerated R&amp;D spending is to send ROA lower, owing to the short-term negative effect of R&amp;D spending. Additionally, due to overspending on R&amp;D by Republican CEOs under a Republican president, the generally positive effect of R&amp;D on <i>Tobin Q</i> is weakened. It seems social capital has its dark side as it can mislead CEOs to make opportunistic but unwise R&amp;D spending decisions. Overall, Republican CEOs, relative to Democratic CEOs, have higher short-term performance (<i>ROA</i>), and lower long-term performance (<i>Tobin Q</i>) owing to reduced R&amp;D spending. Our results have research, managerial, and policy implications.","PeriodicalId":21040,"journal":{"name":"R&D Management","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138579057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toward a sustainable sharing economy with business model innovations in the clothing industry","authors":"Nina Tura, Minttu Laukkanen","doi":"10.1111/radm.12659","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/radm.12659","url":null,"abstract":"The sharing economy provides an interesting playground in which to innovate business models with the aim of creating sustainable value. Despite the growing interest in the topic, the relationship between sharing economy business models and sustainability is still largely unknown. In this study, the focus is on examining how to increase the utilization of unused or underutilized assets through business models to create sustainable value. Based on the comprehensive analysis of sustainability-oriented companies in the Finnish clothing industry, 11 business model (BM) types with different internal development and cooperation levels were identified, guiding the development of BMs toward sharing. By applying a contingency theory, we identified different contingency factors interacting with BM components and affecting the potential of these BMs to increase the sustainable use of resources and move toward increased sustainable value creation. This new understanding contributes especially to the call to study BM innovations in contingent situations, and highlights the importance of considering the context while analyzing the sustainable value creation potential of sharing economy BMs.","PeriodicalId":21040,"journal":{"name":"R&D Management","volume":"22 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138513999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Technological sensing and response capabilities as drivers for radical innovation in the context of apocalyptic uncertainty","authors":"Garima Malik, Piyush Sharma, Russel Kingshott, Tak Yan Leung, Dianoush Abdolrazagh","doi":"10.1111/radm.12658","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/radm.12658","url":null,"abstract":"This paper introduces a new conceptual model to examine the impact of technological opportunism (technology sensing and response capabilities) on the adoption of incremental and radical technological innovation by small and medium enterprises (SMEs). We tested our hypotheses with data from 228 Indian SMEs using a symmetric method of partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS‐SEM) and the asymmetric method of fuzzy–set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) followed by sensitivity analysis done by an artificial neural network (ANN) modeling. PLS‐SEM results highlighted the roles of technology sensing and response capabilities as key drivers of both incremental and radical product innovations and the strengthening of these relationships by market uncertainty triggered by external events and crises. Apart from this, the results of fsQCA demonstrated multiple configurations of dimensions associated with the adoption of technological innovations by SMEs. This paper extends the current literature by exploring the process by which SMEs may adopt different types of technological innovation. Our findings also have useful implications for SMEs aiming to adopt technological innovations.","PeriodicalId":21040,"journal":{"name":"R&D Management","volume":"69 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135093459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can patentee preference in patent infringement dispute resolution impact innovation?","authors":"Biyu Ma, Dingming Yu","doi":"10.1111/radm.12657","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/radm.12657","url":null,"abstract":"Evaluating the impact of intellectual property protection on innovation should include multiple perspectives, of which the impact of patent infringement remedies is an indispensable perspective. The two options for resolving patent infringement disputes in China include civil litigation (CL) and administrative adjudication (AA). Despite the fact that the judicial system has been emphasized as playing the leading role in intellectual property protection, patentees have shown a strong preference for AA since 2015. The general application of AA had been criticized by scholars. Does the patentee's preference bring inappropriate protection and stifled innovation? This study used regression models and 2008–2020 data on the choice of patent dispute resolution mode in China. The number of invention patent applications was the dependent variable, and choices for CL or AA were the independent variables. The choice of AA and the invention patent application were found to have a significant and positive association, implying that AA provides an appropriate level of intellectual property protection to incentivize innovation. Characteristics derived from AA should be valued and used as a reference to improve innovation policies.","PeriodicalId":21040,"journal":{"name":"R&D Management","volume":" 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135242090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}