Microbial Biotechnology最新文献

{"title":"Exploration of In Situ Extraction for Enhanced Triterpenoid Production by Saccharomyces cerevisiae","authors":"Mariam Dianat,&nbsp;Sarah Straaten,&nbsp;Aldo Maritato,&nbsp;Daniel Wibberg,&nbsp;Tobias Busche,&nbsp;Lars M. Blank,&nbsp;Birgitta E. Ebert","doi":"10.1111/1751-7915.70061","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1751-7915.70061","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Plant-derived triterpenoids are in high demand due to their valuable applications in cosmetic, nutraceutical, and pharmaceutical industries. To meet this demand, microbial production of triterpenoids is being developed for large-scale production. However, a prominent limitation of microbial synthesis is the intracellular accumulation, requiring cell disruption during downstream processing. Destroying the whole-cell catalyst drives up production costs and limits productivity and product yield per cell. Here, in situ product extraction of triterpenoids into a second organic phase was researched to address this limitation. An organic solvent screening identified water-immiscible isopropyl myristate as a suitable in situ extractant, enabling extraction of up to 90% of total triterpenoids from engineered <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i>. Combining isopropyl myristate and β-cyclodextrins improved extraction efficiency. In a first configuration, repeated batch fermentation with sequential product extraction and cell recycling resulted in 1.8 times higher production than a reference fermentation without in situ product extraction. In the second configuration, yeast cells were in contact with the second organic phase throughout a fed-batch fermentation to continuously extract triterpenoids. This resulted in 90% product extraction and an extended production phase. Further improvement of triterpenoid production was not achieved due to microbial host limitations uncovered through omics analyses.</p>","PeriodicalId":209,"journal":{"name":"Microbial Biotechnology","volume":"17 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1751-7915.70061","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142851624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Actinomycetota From Macroalgae as Rich Source for Natural Products Discovery Revealed Through Culture-Dependent and -Independent Approaches","authors":"Mariana Girão,&nbsp;Adriana Rego,&nbsp;Ana C. Fonseca,&nbsp;Weiwei Cao,&nbsp;Zhongjun Jia,&nbsp;Ralph Urbatzka,&nbsp;Pedro N. Leão,&nbsp;Maria F. Carvalho","doi":"10.1111/1751-7915.70058","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1751-7915.70058","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Actinomycetota are unrivalled producers of bioactive natural products, with strains living in association with macroalgae representing a prolific—yet largely unexplored—source of specialised chemicals. In this work, we have investigated the bioactive potential of Actinomycetota from macroalgae through culture-dependent and -independent approaches. A bioprospecting pipeline was applied to a collection of 380 actinobacterial strains, recovered from two macroalgae species collected in the Portuguese northern shore—<i>Codium tomentosum</i> and <i>Chondrus crispus—</i>in order to explore their ability to produce antibacterial, antifungal, anticancer and lipid-reducing compounds. Around 43% of the crude extracts showed activity in at least one of the screenings performed: 111 presented antimicrobial activity at 1 mg/mL, 83 significantly decreased cancer cells viability at 15 μg/mL and 5 reduced lipid content in zebrafish &gt; 60% at 15 ug/mL. Dereplication of active extracts unveiled the presence of compounds that could explain most of the recorded results, but also unknown molecules in the metabolome of several strains, highlighting the opportunity for discovery. The bioactive potential of the actinobacterial community from the same macroalgae specimens, which served as the source for the aforementioned Actinomycetota collection, was also explored through metagenomics analysis, allowing to obtain a broader picture of its functional diversity and novelty. A total of 133 biosynthetic gene clusters recovered from metagenomic contigs and metagenome assembled genomes (MAGs). These were grouped into 91 gene cluster families, 83 of which shared less than 30% of similarity to database entries. Our findings provided by culture-dependent and -independent approaches underscore the potential held by actinomycetes from macroalgae as reservoirs for novel bioactive natural products.</p>","PeriodicalId":209,"journal":{"name":"Microbial Biotechnology","volume":"17 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1751-7915.70058","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142845475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heterologous Gene Expression in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Chloroplast by Heterologous Promoters and Terminators, Intercistronic Expression Elements and Minichromosome","authors":"Yunling Guo,&nbsp;Hui Xiong,&nbsp;Qiuling Fan,&nbsp;Deqiang Duanmu","doi":"10.1111/1751-7915.70069","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1751-7915.70069","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Chlamydomonas reinhardtii</i>, a model green alga for expressing foreign proteins, faces challenges in multigene expression and enhancing protein expression level in the chloroplast. To address these challenges, we compared heterologous promoters, terminators and intercistronic expression elements (IEEs). We transformed Chlamydomonas chloroplast with a biolistic approach to introduce vectors containing the NanoLuc expression unit regulated by Chlamydomonas or tobacco promoters and terminators. We observed that tobacco promoters P<i>rbcL</i> and P<i>psbA</i> could not effectively regulate protein expression, whereas tobacco terminators T<i>rbcL</i> and T<i>rps16</i> did not affect the expression of Nluc protein. Further exploration of IEEs specific to Chlamydomonas revealed that Cr-IEE2 had a minor effect on both upstream and downstream protein expression, whereas Cr-IEE5 significantly influenced downstream protein expression. In contrast, tobacco IEE was found to be unsuitable for driving protein expression in Chlamydomonas. Additionally, VOR element and Rep protein derived from beet curly top geminivirus were able to form a minichromosome in Chlamydomonas chloroplast, and this system could enhance protein expression level compared to the traditional method of site-specific integration in the plastome. This study highlights the potential of IEEs and minichromosome in facilitating heterologous protein expression in Chlamydomonas chloroplast.</p>","PeriodicalId":209,"journal":{"name":"Microbial Biotechnology","volume":"17 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1751-7915.70069","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142833328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Membrane Vesicles Can Contribute to Cellulose Degradation by Teredinibacter turnerae, a Cultivable Intracellular Endosymbiont of Shipworms","authors":"Mark T. Gasser,&nbsp;Annie Liu,&nbsp;Marvin A. Altamia,&nbsp;Bryan R. Brensinger,&nbsp;Sarah L. Brewer,&nbsp;Ron Flatau,&nbsp;Eric R. Hancock,&nbsp;Sarah P. Preheim,&nbsp;Claire Marie Filone,&nbsp;Daniel L. Distel","doi":"10.1111/1751-7915.70064","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1751-7915.70064","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Teredinibacter turnerae</i> is a cultivable cellulolytic Gammaproteobacterium (Cellvibrionaceae) that commonly occurs as an intracellular endosymbiont in the gills of wood-eating bivalves of the family Teredinidae (shipworms). The genome of <i>T. turnerae</i> encodes a broad range of enzymes that deconstruct cellulose, hemicellulose and pectin and contribute to wood (lignocellulose) digestion in the shipworm gut. However, the mechanisms by which <i>T. turnerae</i> secretes lignocellulolytic enzymes are incompletely understood. Here, we show that <i>T. turnerae</i> cultures grown on carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) produce membrane vesicles (MVs) that include a variety of proteins identified by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) as carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) with predicted activities against cellulose, hemicellulose and pectin. Reducing sugar assays and zymography confirm that these MVs exhibit cellulolytic activity, as evidenced by the hydrolysis of CMC. Additionally, these MVs were enriched with <i>TonB</i>-dependent receptors, which are essential to carbohydrate and iron acquisition by free-living bacteria. These observations indicate a potential role for MVs in lignocellulose utilisation by <i>T. turnerae</i> in the free-living state, suggest possible mechanisms for host–symbiont interaction and may be informative for commercial applications such as enzyme production and lignocellulosic biomass conversion.</p>","PeriodicalId":209,"journal":{"name":"Microbial Biotechnology","volume":"17 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11632262/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142805762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Improved Transformation-Associated Recombination Cloning Approach for Direct Capturing of Natural Product Biosynthetic Gene Clusters","authors":"Olena Kurylenko,&nbsp;Anja Palusczak,&nbsp;Andriy Luzhetskyy,&nbsp;Yuriy Rebets","doi":"10.1111/1751-7915.70067","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1751-7915.70067","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The phylum Actinomycetota and genus <i>Streptomyces</i> in particular are the major source for discovery of natural products with diverse chemical structures and a variety of biological activities. Genes encoding biosynthetic pathways for bacterial natural products are grouped together into biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs). The size of a typical actinobacterial BGC may range from 10 kb to 200 kb, which makes their cloning for heterologous expression a challenging task. Various DNA cloning and assembly methods have been established for capturing BGCs. Among them, the transformation-associated recombination (TAR) in <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> remains one of the most cost-effective, accessible, customisable and precise approaches. However, the drawback of TAR cloning is a need for intensive screening of clones in order to identify one carrying the BGC. In this study, we report a further development of the TAR cloning approach by introducing the direct selection of colonies with BGC of interest based on the yeast killer phenomenon. For this, a new TAR cloning vector system was constructed and the strategy was validated by successful cloning of chelocardin (35 kb) BGC from <i>Amycolatopsis sulphurea</i> and daptomycin BGC (67 kb) from <i>Streptomyces filamentosus</i>. Both BGCs were functionally expressed in a heterologous host, resulting in the production of the corresponding antibiotics. The proposed approach could be widely applied for precise direct cloning of BGCs from the representatives of phylum Actinomycetota and easily adopted for other bacteria.</p>","PeriodicalId":209,"journal":{"name":"Microbial Biotechnology","volume":"17 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11626649/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142798762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acetate Shock Loads Enhance CO Uptake Rates of Anaerobic Microbiomes","authors":"Alberto Robazza,&nbsp;Ada Raya i Garcia,&nbsp;Flávio C. F. Baleeiro,&nbsp;Sabine Kleinsteuber,&nbsp;Anke Neumann","doi":"10.1111/1751-7915.70063","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1751-7915.70063","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Pyrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass commonly produces syngas, a mixture of gases such as CO, CO₂ and H₂, as well as an aqueous solution generally rich in organic acids such as acetate. In this study, we evaluated the impact of increasing acetate shock loads during syngas co-fermentation with anaerobic microbiomes at different pH levels (6.7 and 5.5) and temperatures (37°C and 55°C) by assessing substrates consumption, metabolites production and microbial community composition. The anaerobic microbiomes revealed to be remarkably resilient and were capable of converting syngas even at high acetate concentrations of up to 64 g/L and pH 5.5. Modifying process parameters and acetate loads resulted in a shift of the product spectrum and microbiota composition. Specifically, a pH of 6.7 promoted methanogens such as <i>Methanosarcina</i>, whereas lowering the pH to 5.5 with lower acetate loads promoted the enrichment of syntrophic acetate oxidisers such as <i>Syntrophaceticus</i>, alongside hydrogenotrophic methanogens. Increasing acetate loads intensified the toxicity of undissociated acetic acid, thereby inhibiting methanogenic activity. Under non-methanogenic conditions, high acetate concentrations suppressed acetogenesis in favour of hydrogenogenesis and the production of various carboxylates, including valerate, with product profiles and production rates being contingent upon temperature. A possible candidate for valerate production was identified in <i>Oscillibacter</i>. Across all tested conditions, acetate supplementation provided additional carbon and energy to the mixed cultures and consistently increased carboxydotrophic conversion rates up to about 20-fold observed at pH 5.5, 55°C and 48 g/L acetate compared to control experiments. Species of <i>Methanobacterium</i>, <i>Methanosarcina</i> and <i>Methanothermobacter</i> may have been involved in CO biomethanation. Under non-methanogenic conditions, the bacterial species responsible for CO conversion remain unclear. These results offer promise for integrating process streams, such as syngas and wastewater, as substrates for mixed culture fermentation allowing for enhanced resource circularity, mitigation of environmental impacts and decreased dependence on fossil fuels.</p>","PeriodicalId":209,"journal":{"name":"Microbial Biotechnology","volume":"17 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11626651/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142798805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Arrival of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Viruses in North America, Ensuing Epizootics in Poultry and Dairy Farms and Difficulties in Scientific Naming","authors":"Harald Brüssow","doi":"10.1111/1751-7915.70062","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1751-7915.70062","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) H5N1, first isolated in 1996 in China, spread rapidly across Eurasia and caused major epizootics in wild and domesticated birds, as well as spillover infections in humans characterised by high mortality. Avian influenza viruses are therefore candidate viruses for a human pandemic. Surprisingly, HPAIV was not isolated in North America until 2014. With the help of intensive biological sampling and viral genome sequencing, the intrusion of HPAIV into North America could be retraced to two separate events. First, migratory birds carried HPAIV from East Siberia via Beringia and dispersed the virus along the Pacific flyway. After reassortment with genes of local low pathogenic avian influenza viruses, HPAIV H5 caused 2015 a major epizootic on poultry farms in the US Mid-West. After costly containment, HPAIV dropped below the detection limit. In 2021, Eurasian HPAIV H5 viruses arrived a second time in North America, carried by migratory birds to Canada via the Atlantic flyway, using Iceland as a stop. The H5 virus then spread with water birds along the East Coast of the United States and dispersed across the United States. In contrast to the 2015 poultry outbreak, spillover infections into diverse species of mammals were now observed. The events culminated in the 2024 HPAIV H5 epizootic in dairy cows affecting 300 dairy herds in 14 US states. The cattle epizootic was spread mainly by milking machinery and animal transport. On affected farms infected cats developed fatal neurological diseases. Retail milk across the United States frequently contains viral RNA, but so far only a few milk farm workers have developed mild symptoms. The tracing of HPAIV with viral genome sequencing complicated the taxonomical naming of influenza viruses raising fundamental problems in how to mirror biological complexity in written plain language, rendering communication with the lay public difficult.</p>","PeriodicalId":209,"journal":{"name":"Microbial Biotechnology","volume":"17 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11622506/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142783573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exposure to specific fungal lectins during adhesion impairs biofilm formation of Listeria on polystyrene","authors":"Nika Janež,&nbsp;Márta Ladányi,&nbsp;Meta Sterniša,&nbsp;Blaž Jug,&nbsp;Tanja Zupan,&nbsp;Tjaša Peternel,&nbsp;Aleksandar Sebastijanović,&nbsp;Milica Perišić Nanut,&nbsp;Katarina Karničar,&nbsp;Ajda Taler-Verčič,&nbsp;Dušan Turk,&nbsp;Anja Klančnik,&nbsp;Janez Štrancar,&nbsp;Jerica Sabotič","doi":"10.1111/1751-7915.70040","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1751-7915.70040","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> is a pathogenic bacterium that can form biofilms in food processing plants, allowing the bacteria to survive despite the control measures applied. As the surface of the bacteria is covered with versatile polysaccharides and proteins, these influence the interactions of the bacterium with any surface. The unique properties and high stability of fungal proteins make them good candidates for the control of bacteria by targeting surface structures. We screened a group of fungal lectins and protease inhibitors from different fungal species, protein folds and known targets for their antibacterial and antibiofilm activity against model strains of <i>Listeria innocua</i> and <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i>. Several of them significantly decreased the viability of biofilm bacteria, but had no effect on bacterial growth parameters at 37°C and thus had no antibacterial activity. Fungal lectins significantly impaired biofilm development even at room temperature, which was attributed to exposure to lectins during adhesion. The tested fungal proteins also reduced biofilm development on biological model surfaces. The observed antibiofilm activity of fungal proteins suggests that they have the potential to modulate interactions between bacteria and/or between bacteria and surfaces, which could be used in the future to reduce surface contamination by <i>Listeria</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":209,"journal":{"name":"Microbial Biotechnology","volume":"17 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1751-7915.70040","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142754095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GnuR Represses the Expression of Glucose and Gluconate Catabolism in Pseudomonas putida KT2440","authors":"Wenbo Chen,&nbsp;Rao Ma,&nbsp;Yong Feng,&nbsp;Yunzhu Xiao,&nbsp;Agnieszka Sekowska,&nbsp;Antoine Danchin,&nbsp;Conghui You","doi":"10.1111/1751-7915.70059","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1751-7915.70059","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In <i>Pseudomonas putida</i> KT2440, a prime chassis for biotechnology, the clustered distribution of glucose catabolism genes and four related transcription factors (TFs) may facilitate the tight regulation of glucose catabolism. However, the genes under the direct control of these TFs remain unidentified, leaving their regulatory roles elusive. Furthermore, the carbon source gluconate was metabolised similarly to glucose in KT2440, but the responses of these catabolic and TF genes to gluconate were unclear. Here, these mysteries were unravelled through multi-omics analysis integrated with physiological studies. First, we found that the expression of these catabolic and TF genes were significantly induced by both glucose and gluconate in KT2440. The independent responses of these genes to glucose and gluconate were differentiated in the <i>gcd</i> deletion mutant. We then defined the regulon of GnuR, one of the four related TFs, and discovered that GnuR directly repressed the expression of catabolic genes involved in the Entner–Doudoroff and the peripheral glucose and gluconate metabolism pathways. These results were further confirmed by physiological studies. Finally, a regulatory mode of an incoherent feedforward loop involving GnuR is proposed.</p>","PeriodicalId":209,"journal":{"name":"Microbial Biotechnology","volume":"17 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1751-7915.70059","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142714794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated genome and metabolome mining unveiled structure and biosynthesis of novel lipopeptides from a deep-sea Rhodococcus","authors":"Costanza Ragozzino,&nbsp;Fortunato Palma Esposito,&nbsp;Carmine Buonocore,&nbsp;Pietro Tedesco,&nbsp;Daniela Coppola,&nbsp;Davide Paccagnella,&nbsp;Nadine Ziemert,&nbsp;Gerardo Della Sala,&nbsp;Donatella de de Pascale","doi":"10.1111/1751-7915.70011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1751-7915.70011","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Microbial biosurfactants have garnered significant interest from industry due to their lower toxicity, biodegradability, activity at lower concentrations and higher resistance compared to synthetic surfactants. The deep-sea <i>Rhodococcus</i> sp. I2R has been identified as a producer of glycolipid biosurfactants, specifically succinoyl trehalolipids, which exhibit antiviral activity. However, genome mining of this bacterium has revealed a still unexplored repertoire of biosurfactants. The microbial genome was found to host five non-ribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) gene clusters containing starter condensation domains that direct lipopeptide biosynthesis. Genomics and mass spectrometry (MS)-based metabolomics enabled the linking of two NRPS gene clusters to the corresponding lipopeptide families, leading to the identification of 20 new cyclolipopeptides, designated as rhodoheptins, and 33 new glycolipopeptides, designated as rhodamides. An integrated <i>in silico</i> gene cluster and high-resolution MS/MS data analysis allowed us to elucidate the planar structure, inference of stereochemistry and reconstruction of the biosynthesis of rhodoheptins and rhodamides. Rhodoheptins are cyclic heptapeptides where the N-terminus is bonded to a β-hydroxy fatty acid forming a macrolactone ring with the C-terminal amino acid residue. Rhodamides are linear 14-mer glycolipopeptides with a serine- and alanine-rich peptide backbone, featuring a distinctive pattern of acetylation, glycosylation and succinylation. These molecules exhibited biosurfactant activity in the oil-spreading assay and showed moderate antiproliferative effects against human A375 melanoma cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":209,"journal":{"name":"Microbial Biotechnology","volume":"17 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1751-7915.70011","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142708267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}