Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy最新文献

{"title":"A current challenge in classification and treatment of DSM-5-TR prolonged grief disorder.","authors":"Mohsen Khosravi, Rashya Kasaeiyan","doi":"10.1037/tra0001510","DOIUrl":"10.1037/tra0001510","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This letter discusses the current challenge in classification and treatment of DSM-5-TR prolonged grief disorder. Prolonged grief disorder (PGD) is among the new mental disorders included in the DSM-5-TR section II, a chapter about trauma and stressor-related disorders. By definition, PGD is a maladaptive response to the death of a loved one characterized by a period of at least 12 months of persistent yearning for or preoccupation with the deceased and disabling symptoms such as disbelief about the death, avoidance, emotional numbness, identity disruption, intense emotional pain, loneliness, a sense that life is meaningless, and failure to move forward. This syndrome occurs in 9.8% of bereaved survivors and may be associated with increased risk of medical conditions (e.g., cardiovascular disease, cancer, and immunological dysfunction), substance use disorders (particularly increased tobacco and alcohol use), suicidality, and diminished quality of life. Given that PGD has clinical similarities with major depressive disorder (MDD) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), recent studies have evaluated selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) in the treatment of this novel DSM-5-TR diagnosis. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20982,"journal":{"name":"Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy","volume":" ","pages":"1239-1241"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9357163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Posttraumatic stress disorder in diverse populations: Testing for assessment bias in a nationally representative sample.","authors":"Carolina I Gutierrez, Katherina Arteaga, Ty S Schepis, Alessandro S De Nadai","doi":"10.1037/tra0001492","DOIUrl":"10.1037/tra0001492","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>A growing body of research has emerged to characterize differences in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom presentations in individuals from diverse racial and ethnic groups. However, less research has examined if these observed differences can be attributed to bias within PTSD assessments. Knowledge about potential bias in PTSD assessment is essential for interpreting group differences. If PTSD assessments do not perform similarly across diverse demographic groups, then observed differences may be artificial products of inaccurate measurement, new assessments could be required for individuals from different demographic groups, and we would be unable to accurately detect PTSD treatment effects in patients from diverse groups.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We evaluated PTSD assessment bias through tests of measurement invariance for the semistructured, clinician-administered AUDADIS-5 diagnostic assessment of participants in the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions-III. Participants included those who reported having experienced at least one potentially traumatic event in their lifetime (<i>N</i> = 23,936). Measurement invariance was assessed for participants who identified from several demographic groups (Asian, Native Hawaiian, or Pacific Islander; Hispanic; American Indian/Alaskan Native; and Black) compared to participants who identified as White (non-Hispanic).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, PTSD assessment was largely invariant across groups, while small amounts of measurement invariance were detected that can inform future research and clinical adaptations.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This work validates prior research that relies on a common conceptualization of PTSD, and it provides several paths for future improvement in research and clinical practice. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20982,"journal":{"name":"Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy","volume":" ","pages":"1252-1259"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9445291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parent-reported posttraumatic stress reactions in children and adolescents: Findings from the mental health of parents and children in Ukraine study.","authors":"Dmytro Martsenkovskyi, Thanos Karatzias, Philip Hyland, Mark Shevlin, Menachem Ben-Ezra, Eoin McElroy, Enya Redican, Maria Louison Vang, Marylene Cloitre, Grace W K Ho, Boris Lorberg, Igor Martsenkovsky","doi":"10.1037/tra0001583","DOIUrl":"10.1037/tra0001583","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite the long-standing ongoing war in Ukraine, information regarding war-related negative mental health outcomes in children is limited. A nationwide sample of parents in Ukraine was surveyed to assess posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms in their children and to identify risk factors associated with child PTSD status.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A nationwide opportunistic sample of 1,238 parents reported on a single randomly chosen child within their household as part of <i>The Mental Health of Parents and Children in Ukraine Study.</i> Data were collected approximately 6 months after the war escalation in February 2022. The prevalence of PTSD was estimated using the parent-reported Child and Adolescent Trauma Screen (CATS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Based on parental reports, 17.5% of preschoolers and 12.6% of school-age children met Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.) criteria for PTSD. Delay in milestone development (AOR = 2.38, 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.38-4.08]), having a parent affiliated with the emergency services or army (AOR = 2.13, [1.28-3.53]), parental PTSD/complex PTSD status (AOR = 1.88, [1.22-2.89]), and mean changes in parental anxiety (AOR = 1.98, [1.44-2.72]) were among the strongest predictors of increased risk of pediatric PTSD.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Russia's war escalation in Ukraine resulted in an increased estimated prevalence of war-related PTSD in children of various ages. Urgent efforts to increase the capacity of national pediatric mental health services are critically needed to mitigate these challenges in an environment of limited financial and human resources. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20982,"journal":{"name":"Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy","volume":" ","pages":"1269-1275"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41176989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring false negatives in self-reported trauma exposure status.","authors":"M Shae Nester, Myranda H Cook, Cameron P Pugach, Blair E Wisco","doi":"10.1037/tra0001635","DOIUrl":"10.1037/tra0001635","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Trauma exposure is often assessed using checklists such as the Life Events Checklist for <i>DSM-5</i> (LEC-5; Weathers et al., 2013b). When participants endorse multiple events, respondents are asked to identify a single, worst event (i.e., index event). Recent work indicates that the \"worst event\" method leads to a concerning number of false negatives. The purpose of the current study was to replicate previous findings of false negatives and extend them by examining characteristics associated with false negatives, such as trauma type, means of exposure, recency of trauma, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom severity.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Adults (<i>n</i> = 476) provided data on trauma history assessed using a revised version of the LEC-5 that asked participants to provide follow-up information for each traumatic event endorsed. Participants also provided demographic data and completed the PTSD Checklist for <i>DSM-5.</i> Results: Two hundred thirty-four participants (49.16%) reported a worst event that met the <i>DSM-5</i> definition of Criterion A trauma (\"primary Criterion A\" group). However, of the 242 participants who did not, 138 participants (57.02%, or 28.99% of the total sample) reported a secondary event that did meet Criterion A (\"secondary Criterion A\" group). The secondary Criterion A group most commonly reported serious life-threatening illnesses/injuries and \"other\" stressful life experiences as their index trauma that did not fulfill Criterion A. Participants in the primary and secondary Criterion A groups reported similar levels of PTSD symptoms. No differences were observed in means of exposure and recency of index trauma between the Criterion A groups.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Findings raise questions regarding the efficiency and accuracy of the worst event method to determine trauma exposure status via self-report. Researchers should consider alternative methods for assessing trauma exposure rather than relying on the worst event scoring method. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20982,"journal":{"name":"Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy","volume":" ","pages":"1409-1415"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139472627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examining the psychometric properties of the expressions of moral injury scale in a sample of first responders.","authors":"Peter C Tappenden, Travis A Cole, Jennifer N Valentine, Michelle M Lilly","doi":"10.1037/tra0001569","DOIUrl":"10.1037/tra0001569","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>There is emerging evidence that first responders, like military personnel, are at risk for exposure to potentially morally injurious events. However, studies examining expressions of moral injury in first responders are nascent, in large part due to the limited number of measures validated for use in this population. To address this gap, the present study sought to investigate the psychometric properties of the <i>Expressions of Moral Injury Scale-Military Version (EMIS-M)</i> in a sample of first responders.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The psychometric properties of the <i>EMIS-M</i> were investigated in a sample of 228 first responders to determine reliability, convergent validity, discriminative validity, and divergent validity. In addition, confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to test the bifactor model identified in a veteran sample (Currier et al., 2018).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results yielded an excellent fit for the bifactor model with correlated self-directed and other-directed subscales identified in the <i>EMIS-M</i> development study. In addition, the measure evidenced strong reliability, convergent validity, discriminative validity, and divergent validity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings of the present study suggest that the <i>Expressions of Moral Injury Scale-First Responder Version</i> is a psychometrically sound measure capable of assessing self- and other-directed expressions of moral injury in first responders. The significance of these findings to our understanding of moral injury in first responders and their implications for future research are discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20982,"journal":{"name":"Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy","volume":" ","pages":"1319-1328"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9969848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Visible wounds of invisible repression: A perspective on the importance of investigating the biological and psychological impact of political repression.","authors":"Ruth Marheinecke, Bernhard Strauss, Veronika Engert","doi":"10.1037/tra0001548","DOIUrl":"10.1037/tra0001548","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Exposure to psychological trauma is a well-accepted risk factor for the development of mental and somatic diseases. However, chronic stressors not fulfilling the criteria of traumatic experience can have similarly adverse health consequences. While the harmful impact of chronic stressors is generally recognized among researchers, there is a lack of acknowledgment within clinical, political, and societal entities. This becomes evident in the experiences of victims of political repression in the former German Democratic Republic (GDR), an authoritarian state in East Germany. Repression in the GDR included covert measures, such as \"Zersetzung\" (engl: disintegration), consisting of wiretapping, spreading rumors, or provoking failure in professional and social domains. It aimed to systematically undermine the psychosocial integrity of individuals, inducing anxiety, social isolation, and confusion.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This article integrates findings on repression in the GDR with existing trauma and chronic stress literature.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>\"Zersetzung\" shares key features with severe psychosocial chronic stressors. Like trauma, experiencing \"Zersetzung\" likely dysregulated the biological stress systems, thereby predisposing victims to the health consequences they frequently experience to the present day.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Certain severe chronic stressors, such as \"Zersetzung,\" do not appear to differ in their negative health consequences from Criterion A traumatic events. Identifying the biological and psychological impact of political repression techniques is essential, not only for public acknowledgment, and proper health care of victims of GDR repression, but also for those individuals suffering from similar repression methods today. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20982,"journal":{"name":"Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy","volume":" ","pages":"1242-1251"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9988103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation of the four-item very brief University of California at Los Angeles Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Reaction Index screening tool for children and adolescents.","authors":"Benjamin Oosterhoff, Lauren Alvis, Alan M Steinberg, Robert S Pynoos, Julie B Kaplow","doi":"10.1037/tra0001580","DOIUrl":"10.1037/tra0001580","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Experiencing traumatic events places children and adolescents at risk for developing posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), often leading to adverse mental health consequences. Although well-validated measures of PTSD are available, very brief screening tools are needed to assess PTSD when resources are limited. This study was conducted to develop and validate the four-item University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) PTSD Reaction Index for <i>DSM-5</i>-Very Brief Form (RI-5-VBF) to be used in settings requiring rapid and efficient screening.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Item response theory (IRT) models were used to derive RI-5-VBF scores from the UCLA PTSD Reaction Index for <i>DSM-5</i> and assess its internal consistency using a sample of 1,785 youth (<i>M</i>_age = 12.32 years, <i>SD</i> = 2.78) seeking support at an academic medical center clinic or bereavement center. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses and diagnostic efficiency statistics were used to assess discriminant groups validity and screening utility of the RI-5-VBF scores. Differential item functioning (DIF) analyses were used to examine possible bias across age, gender, race, ethnicity, and clinical setting versus bereavement center setting.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>IRT models identified four items with the highest discrimination within each PTSD subscale. The RI-5-VBF scores exhibited acceptable internal consistency (α = .74). ROC analyses indicated that an RI-5-VBF score of 9 maximized sensitivity and specificity. DIF analyses did not find evidence of bias across age, gender, race, ethnicity, or clinical versus bereavement center settings.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings provide support for the reliability and validity of the RI-5-VBF. Findings highlight the utility of the RI-5-VBF as a brief screening measure for PTSD in children and adolescents. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20982,"journal":{"name":"Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy","volume":" ","pages":"1338-1346"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10121846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychometric evaluation of the Dutch International Trauma Questionnaire for the 11th revision of the International Classification of Diseases posttraumatic stress disorder and complex posttraumatic stress disorder.","authors":"Jorinde Gerrmann, Manon Boeschoten, Mirjam J Nijdam, Niels van der Aa, Marloes B Eidhof, Chris M Hoeboer, Ad de Jongh, Miranda Olff, Maartje Schoorl, Noortje I van Vliet, Eric Vermetten, F Jackie June Ter Heide","doi":"10.1037/tra0001576","DOIUrl":"10.1037/tra0001576","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The International Trauma Questionnaire (ITQ) is a recent self-report measure to assess the severity and probable posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and complex PTSD (CPTSD) as defined by the 11th revision of the <i>International Classification of Diseases</i>. Few studies have examined the psychometric properties of full and short ITQ versions in depth. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Dutch-translated 28-item ITQ and the 12-item version.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Data were used from existing clinical studies and routine clinical assessments for the 28-item (<i>n</i> = 956) and 12-item (<i>N</i> = 4,944) ITQ versions in trauma-exposed treatment-seeking individuals in the Netherlands. Internal consistency and factor validity were assessed, and rates of probable PTSD and CPTSD were estimated. In addition, convergent and discriminant validity were examined by correlations with similar and dissimilar measures.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both versions of the ITQ showed good internal consistency and convergent validity. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that both a first-order correlated six-factor model and a two-factor second-order model were a good representation of the latent structure for the ITQ-12. The ITQ-12 resulted in higher CPTSD rates compared to the ITQ-28 (47% vs. 36.3%), while a similar number of patients met the criteria for either PTSD or CPTSD (70.6% vs. 76.4%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Internal consistency and convergent validity for the ITQ-12 and ITQ-28 were supported. The factorial validity was good for the ITQ-12 and acceptable for the ITQ-28. The discrepancy in CPTSD rates between the ITQ-12 and ITQ-28 calls for further testing of scoring methods against diagnostic clinical interviews for CPTSD. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20982,"journal":{"name":"Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy","volume":" ","pages":"1347-1356"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71426403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in the networks of complex posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms among Chinese college students with childhood trauma.","authors":"Liuyue Huang, Peilian Chi, Yue Zhao, Yizhen Ren, Kaixin Liang, Xinli Chi","doi":"10.1037/tra0001598","DOIUrl":"10.1037/tra0001598","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To advance understanding of the development of complex posttraumatic stress disorder (CPTSD) symptoms longitudinally and facilitate future treatments, the present study investigated changes in the network of CPTSD symptoms among Chinese college students with childhood trauma.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A longitudinal study was conducted with college students, following them three times at 3-month intervals. CPTSD symptoms were measured using the International Trauma Questionnaire, and childhood trauma was assessed by the revised Adverse Childhood Experiences Scale. The final sample consisted of 294 participants with childhood trauma at baseline measurement (28.9% were males, <i>M</i>_age = 20.76 years). Comparisons of cross-sectional networks and cross-lagged panel network (CLPN) analysis were performed to characterize the features and changes of interactions among CPTSD symptoms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sense of failure and isolation were the core symptoms in the cross-sectional networks of CPTSD symptoms. The comparison of cross-sectional networks indicated that the global network strength was stable, and no node's strength centrality and only one edge weight changed significantly from Time 1 (T1) to Time 3 (T3). The findings of the CLPN model reveal that worthlessness, difficulties with intimacy, and flashbacks have the highest out-expected influence. In the T1-T3 network, the strongest edge was from worthlessness to sense of failure.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Cross-sectional network analyses and comparisons revealed the characteristics of CPTSD networks at multiple time points, while the CLPN analysis identified the longitudinal dynamics of CPTSD symptoms. These provide insights for designing more targeted intervention plans for college students with childhood trauma. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20982,"journal":{"name":"Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy","volume":" ","pages":"1281-1289"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41238201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revisiting the hidden wound: Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on domestic violence and divorce in Taiwan (2020-2021).","authors":"Yi-Han Chang, Shu-Sen Chang, Susyan Jou, Chia-Yueh Hsu, Kah Kheng Goh","doi":"10.1037/tra0001539","DOIUrl":"10.1037/tra0001539","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Data from some countries showed a worrisome increase in domestic violence but a paradoxical decrease in divorce during the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic. We investigated the impact of the pandemic on domestic violence and divorce in Taiwan in 2020-2021.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Data for reported domestic violence and divorce by month and county/city (2017-2021) were from Taiwan government's registries. We used random-effects negative binomial regression to estimate the rate ratios (RRs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) between the observed numbers of domestic violence cases and divorces in 2020-2021 and the expected numbers based on prepandemic trends (2017-2019). We calculated RRs for the two outbreak periods (First: January-May 2020; Second: May-July 2021) and the two postoutbreak periods (First: June 2020-April 2021; Second: August-December 2021) and each month in 2020-2021.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The number of overall domestic violence cases was greater than expected during the first COVID-19 outbreak-a 3% increase (95% CI [0.3%-6%])-and the two postoutbreak periods-a 9% increase ([6%-12%]) and a 12% increase ([8%-16%]), respectively. Intimate partner violence was the main contributor to the increases. The number of divorces was lower than expected throughout the pandemic (a 5%-24% decrease).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Reported domestic violence cases were higher than expected during the pandemic, particularly during the postoutbreak periods when the outbreak control measures were relaxed and people's movement resumed. Tailored prevention and intervention measures may be needed to address the increased vulnerability to domestic violence and restricted access to support during the outbreaks. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20982,"journal":{"name":"Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy","volume":" ","pages":"1382-1391"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9696371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}