Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy最新文献

{"title":"Heightened intimate partner violence and sexual risk taking among male military sexual assault survivors.","authors":"Maya Bina N Vannini, Hallie S Tannahill, Rebecca K Blais","doi":"10.1037/tra0002322","DOIUrl":"10.1037/tra0002322","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Military samples are a priority for sexual health interventions. Military sexual assault (MSA) exposure may increase risk for sexual risk taking, particularly among male survivors. Previous research indicates that intimate partner violence (IPV) is more strongly associated with negative behavioral health outcomes in male MSA survivors than their female counterparts, suggesting that there may be a similar association between IPV and sexual risk taking. The present study hypothesized that sex would significantly moderate a positive relationship between overall IPV exposure and sexual risk taking, such that it would be stronger for male survivors. IPV subdomains of psychological aggression, sexual coercion, and physical assault were also examined.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Using data from a survey of MSA survivors collected in 2021 (<i>N</i> = 346; 50.9% male), sexual risk taking was regressed on overall IPV (or the IPV domains), sex, and their interaction.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The interaction between overall IPV and sex was statistically significant, <i>B</i> = 0.19 (<i>SE</i> = .07), <i>p</i> = .006, such that the overall IPV was positively associated with sexual risk taking for both sexes, but the effect was stronger for male survivors, <i>B</i> = 0.36 (<i>SE</i> = .05), <i>p</i> < .001, relative to female survivors, <i>B</i> = 0.17 (<i>SE</i> = .05), <i>p</i> = .001. Associations of psychological aggression, sexual coercion, and physical assault with sexual risk taking were significantly moderated by sex such that they were only significant for male survivors.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Findings highlight unique outcomes military male survivors face and point to a need for including these survivors in future investigations of MSA and IPV. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20982,"journal":{"name":"Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149075817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anxiety sensitivity, discrimination, and posttraumatic stress among Black, Hispanic, and Native American compared to White individuals.","authors":"Miracle R Potter, Danielle M Morabito, Carter E Bedford, Norman B Schmidt, Anka A Vujanovic, Lorra Garey, Michael S Businelle, Michael J Zvolensky","doi":"10.1037/tra0002299","DOIUrl":"10.1037/tra0002299","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to examine the impact of experiences of discrimination and anxiety sensitivity (AS) on posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms in Black, Hispanic, and Native American individuals versus White individuals.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This study utilized data from a large sample of racially and ethnically diverse adults enrolled in a remotely conducted clinical trial. Analyses of variance and Tukey corrected post hoc comparisons were run to examine racial/ethnic group differences in experiences of discrimination and AS. A hierarchical linear regression was conducted to examine the effects of racial/ethnic group, discrimination, and AS on PTSD symptoms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seven hundred thirty-eight (66.7% female; <i>M_age</i> = 38.3) participants with diverse representation of Black (<i>n</i> = 168), American Indian (<i>n</i> = 203), Hispanic (<i>n</i> = 181), and White (<i>n</i> = 186) were included in the analyses. Results indicated statistically significant differences in experiences of discrimination but not AS across racial/ethnic groups. As expected, all non-White groups endorsed higher levels of discrimination than White participants. AS and discrimination predicted greater PTSD symptoms, but there was no statistically significant interaction between AS and discrimination. However, there was a statistically significant interaction of Black racial group and AS, such that AS had a larger effect on PTSD symptoms among Black individuals.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Findings highlight the impact of discrimination and AS on PTSD symptoms across racial/ethnic groups. Black individuals may be particularly susceptible to negative outcomes associated with AS. Targeting AS among Black individuals experiencing discrimination may help improve psychological functioning and related clinical outcomes. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20982,"journal":{"name":"Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13623053/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149075850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rates and correlates of nightmares and insomnia in active duty military service members pre- and postdeployment.","authors":"Kristi E Pruiksma, Daniel J Taylor, Claire A Lavalley, Joanne L Davis, Douglas E Williamson, Kevin M Kelly, Douglas M Maurer, Elisa V Borah, Antoinette Brundige, Stacey Young-McCaughan, Brett T Litz, Rene L Olvera, Keith A Young, Alan L Peterson","doi":"10.1037/tra0002244","DOIUrl":"10.1037/tra0002244","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to determine the rates, chronicity, and correlates of nightmares and insomnia, alone and in combination, in U.S. Army personnel at predeployment and postdeployment.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Service members were assessed prior to (<i>N</i> = 3,952) and following (<i>N</i> = 1,762) a combat deployment between 2010 and 2016. Participants were categorized predeployment into nightmare and insomnia groups using the PTSD Checklist-Military Version distressing dreams item (Item 2 score ≥ 3) and the Insomnia Severity Index (total score ≥ 15). Postdeployment, participants were further classified into 16 groups reflecting the combination of nightmare and insomnia trajectories.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Predeployment, 12% of participants were in the nightmares only group, 9% were in the insomnia only group, and 11% were in the both nightmares and insomnia group. Predeployment, the nightmares only group was older, had more deployments, and had greater mental health symptoms than the neither group. The insomnia only group had more deployments and greater mental health symptoms than the neither group. The both nightmares and insomnia group was more likely to identify as Native American, be older, have more prior deployments, and have greater anxiety symptoms than all other groups. Postdeployment, the new-onset trajectory, chronic nightmare trajectory, and chronic insomnia trajectory were generally related to higher posttraumatic stress disorder, anger, and anxiety symptoms compared with the remitted, no nightmares, and no insomnia trajectories.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Nightmares and insomnia, singularly and comorbid, are associated with mental health problems. Transdiagnostic treatments that target both conditions may be an efficient means to ameliorate sleep problems and minimize effects on mental health. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20982,"journal":{"name":"Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149075943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trauma, personality, and depression among middle-aged and older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic.","authors":"Alejandra Zamora, Rachel Czosniak, Sarah Brown Adams, Richard Zweig","doi":"10.1037/tra0002271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/tra0002271","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Survivors of early trauma are more likely to experience depression in middle and older adulthood as well as lasting influences on personality, grief, and interpersonal problems. This mixed-methods study investigates factors associated with early trauma and depression among middle-aged and older adults who experienced loss during the pandemic.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Two hundred fourteen mostly White, educated, and female older and middle-aged adults (age <i>M</i> = 62.7, <i>SD</i> = 5.86) from the United States and Canada completed an online survey. A subsample of 12 participants comprised the qualitative interview data. Quantitative analyses utilized <i>t</i> test, correlation, and regression techniques, while qualitative analyses followed an iterative process.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>High levels of early trauma were significantly associated with higher levels of neuroticism (<i>d</i> = -.32), depression (<i>d</i> = -.28), and interpersonal problems (<i>d</i> = -.55). After adjusting for covariates, higher neuroticism and lower extraversion were significantly associated with depression (ß = .588, <i>p</i> < .001; ß = -.177, <i>p</i> = .006). Early trauma and interpersonal problems were not significantly associated with depression after accounting for variance due to personality traits. Qualitative analyses yielded themes of re-encountering problems faced in childhood and adaptation or continuity of interpersonal strategies from childhood.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Personality traits associated with trauma were significantly associated with depressive symptoms among bereaved middle-aged and older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. Early trauma may influence depression in later life with regard to difficulty with adaptation to novel contexts and challenges. Future studies with a more sociodemographically diverse sample are needed to replicate and extend our findings. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20982,"journal":{"name":"Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149040354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Complex posttraumatic stress disorder and emotion dysregulation: A better understanding of the literature through a systematic review.","authors":"Camille Raysséguier, Jordan Teysseyre, Maxime Bonnin, Alexis Vancappel, Wissam El-Hage, Géraldine Tapia","doi":"10.1037/tra0002283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/tra0002283","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses systematic review aimed to clarify and summarize what is known about the role of emotion dysregulation (ED) in complex posttraumatic stress disorder (CPTSD) from both cross-sectional and longitudinal perspectives by (a) exploring the links between CPTSD and ED symptoms in trauma-exposed individuals; (b) comparing the intensity of ED phenomena between measures of CPTSD and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms; (c) characterizing the underlying correlates, observable manifestations, and strategies of emotion regulation; and (d) identifying assessment tools that measure ED in CPTSD.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Studies were selected from the Scopus, PubMed, and APA PsycInfo databases. These studies required the inclusion of at least one keyword from each category referring to ED, CPTSD, and the <i>International Classification of Diseases, 11th Revision</i>; used quantitative data to evaluate emotional regulation and CPTSD symptoms; employed cross-sectional or longitudinal designs; and utilized samples with significant trauma exposure.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 33 studies were included, demonstrating a significant link between ED and CPTSD symptoms and showing a greater frequency of ED symptoms in CPTSD compared to posttraumatic stress disorder. Avoidance responses such as emotion suppression, dissociation, and self-destructive behaviors were frequently reported, ranging from emotional hypoactivation to hyperactivation. Findings on underlying correlates and observable manifestations varied widely.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Despite the diversity of correlates, manifestations, and strategies, this systematic review shows that ED is a central feature of CPTSD and contributes to symptom severity. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20982,"journal":{"name":"Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149012376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measurement invariance of the Trauma Symptoms of Discrimination Scale for racism among a national sample of college students.","authors":"Anna Kawennison Fetter, N Keita Christophe","doi":"10.1037/tra0002284","DOIUrl":"10.1037/tra0002284","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Racial trauma is increasingly recognized as a distinct, consequential source of psychological harm. However, most existing measurements that seek to capture experiences of racism focus on event frequency rather than responses. The Trauma Symptoms of Discrimination Scale (TSDS; Williams, Printz, & DeLapp, 2018) is one of few measures designed to assess distress symptoms related to racism. However, the invariance of the TSDS across identity groups (e.g., race/ethnicity and gender) has not yet been thoroughly evaluated. This article directly addresses that gap by assessing the TSDS's dimensionality and measurement invariance using nationally representative data from 5,527 racially and ethnically diverse college students (ages 18-25; <i>M</i>_age = 20.57) who participated in the 2023-2024 Healthy Minds Study.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Confirmatory factor analysis and multigroup measurement invariance testing are used to evaluate the factor structure, measurement invariance, and latent mean differences of the TSDS across key demographic characteristics: race/ethnicity, gender identity, international student status, and year in school.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The TSDS met full scalar invariance across all demographic categories tested. Latent mean comparisons revealed significant differences across groups. Notably, gender-diverse students reported significantly higher racial trauma symptoms compared to men and women, women had higher symptoms than men, and Black and Middle Eastern students reported the highest levels of racial trauma symptoms.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Results suggest that the TSDS can be confidently used as a unidimensional measure in diverse populations and that differences in racial trauma symptoms across groups likely reflect true, meaningful disparities in experiences and mental health consequences of racism. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20982,"journal":{"name":"Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149012384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Positive emotion dysregulation among people of color: The role of exposure to discrimination and racial trauma.","authors":"Lorraine T Benuto, Natalia Duda, Cossette A Canovas, Brenda E Zavala, Edwin F Jurado, Jorge Saldaña Guerrero","doi":"10.1037/tra0002232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/tra0002232","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Because racial trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder share similar symptom presentations, it is important to investigate whether underlying mechanisms may be similar or different. Current research supports a relationship between posttraumatic stress disorder and positive emotion dysregulation; however, it is unclear whether this relationship extends to racial trauma. The present study compared levels of positive emotion dysregulation among people of color (a) not exposed to perceived discrimination, (b) exposed to perceived discrimination without probable racial trauma, and (c) exposed to perceived discrimination with probable racial trauma.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Participants were 148 undergraduate students of color who completed self-report measures: Racial Trauma Scale, Brief Perceived Ethnic Discrimination Questionnaire-Community Version, Positive Emotion Dysregulation Scale (DERS-P), and Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale-Short Form. A multivariate analysis of variance examined group differences across DERS-P subscales.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants not exposed to perceived discrimination reported the lowest levels of positive emotion dysregulation, while participants exposed to perceived discrimination with probable racial trauma reported the highest levels. Significant group differences were found for the DERS-P Acceptance and Goals subscales. While there was a significant omnibus effect for the DERS-P Impulse subscale, post hoc comparisons did not reveal significant group differences.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Findings suggest that positive emotion dysregulation is implicated in racial trauma. Although similarities with posttraumatic stress disorder were observed, differences regarding impulsivity while experiencing positive emotions suggest possibly distinct underlying mechanisms. Our findings imply that regulation of positive emotions may be associated with lower levels of racial trauma symptoms and a possible therapeutic target when developing interventions for racial trauma. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20982,"journal":{"name":"Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148991208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conjuring up ancestral specters: Post-October 7 attack psychological reactions in offspring of Holocaust survivors.","authors":"Irit Felsen, Yoav S Bergman, Amit Shrira","doi":"10.1037/tra0002224","DOIUrl":"10.1037/tra0002224","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study examined the psychological reactions of North American offspring of Holocaust survivors (OHS) following the October 7 Hamas attack in Israel and the rise in antisemitism. Previous research demonstrates intergenerational transmission in OHS. Despite mixed findings, the most consistent observations demonstrate sensitivity to stress-related reactions, especially when encountering circumstances that bear symbolic associations to the Holocaust. It was hypothesized that the events following the October 7 attack might be associated with an increase in psychological distress among OHS.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A North American Jewish convenience sample (<i>N</i> = 467, <i>M</i>_age = 69.68) completed psychological questionnaires about exposure to the Israel-Hamas war and exposure to antisemitism. Participants rated their psychological distress before and after the October 7 attack and further rated posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms for themselves and their parents. Respondents were divided into four groups: OHS with two parents with probable PTSD, with one such parent, with no such parent, and comparisons whose parents did not undergo the Holocaust.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All three dependent variables (PTSD, depressive, and anxiety symptoms) were associated with prewar anxiety and depression and with exposure to antisemitism and the Israel-Hamas war. Relative to comparisons, OHS reported an increased level of PTSD symptoms. OHS who reported their parents had probable PTSD reported the highest levels of PTSD and anxiety symptoms.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings demonstrate higher psychological distress in OHS and intergenerational transmission of sensitivity to current reminders of historical trauma and further evidence for the critical role of parental PTSD in the intergenerational transmission of such vulnerabilities. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20982,"journal":{"name":"Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148991252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Linguistic markers of interpretation bias in nontrauma narratives and associations with PTSD among sexual minority cisgender women, transgender men and women, and gender diverse people.","authors":"Natalie T Chasten, Benjamin W Katz, Katya T Rashkovsky, Virinca Jaipuriyar, Nicole H Weiss, Skyler D Jackson, Abigail W Batchelder, Tami P Sullivan, Jillian R Scheer","doi":"10.1037/tra0002268","DOIUrl":"10.1037/tra0002268","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is characterized by negative appraisals, heightened threat sensitivity, and interpretation biases that shape how individuals perceive and describe their experiences, including in everyday language. Sexual minority cisgender women, transgender men and women, and gender diverse people (SMW/TGD) experience disproportionately high rates of trauma, stigma related to gender and sexual identity, and PTSD, yet linguistic markers of interpretation bias have rarely been examined in this population. This study investigated whether PTSD symptom severity predicted emotional language during neutral autobiographical expressive writing among trauma-exposed SMW/TGD adults.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Participants (<i>N</i> = 48) assigned to the neutral control condition of a 5-day expressive writing study completed baseline PTSD assessments and wrote daily 15-20-minute narratives describing the prior day's events. Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count-22 quantified the percentage of negative, positive, and overall emotion words across narratives.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Multilevel models indicated that baseline PTSD severity predicted greater use of negative emotion words across writing days despite participants having been instructed to write objectively. PTSD severity was unrelated to positive emotion word use or overall emotion words. Intraclass correlations indicated substantial within-person fluctuation in emotional expression across days, along with moderate daily stability between persons.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Findings suggest that negative emotional language in neutral narratives may serve as an implicit linguistic marker of PTSD-related interpretation bias among SMW/TGD individuals. Results highlight the potential utility of neutral expressive writing as a nontrauma-eliciting context for identifying cognitive-affective processes relevant to PTSD and may help to inform tailored trauma-focused interventions for SMW/TGD people. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20982,"journal":{"name":"Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13576087/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148970974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trauma as a dialectical process: A phenomenological study of war exposure, coping, and posttraumatic growth within a war-affected society.","authors":"Marzie Hashemi, Mohammadreza Bozorgi-Khoshkechali","doi":"10.1037/tra0002279","DOIUrl":"10.1037/tra0002279","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Understanding trauma as a lived, multidimensional experience is essential for informing effective clinical, community, and policy responses, especially as armed conflict exposes individuals to severe and repeated trauma that disrupts psychological development. Therefore, this research explores the daily lives of Iranian young adults experiencing a recent conflict, seeking to show how the experiences in this context can deepen our understanding of trauma and resilience among similar populations in conflict settings.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Following a qualitative phenomenological approach, semistructured interviews were conducted with 15 participants with different socioeconomic and cultural backgrounds.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Phenomenological analysis of the study identified six interrelated areas: (a) chronic negative affect, consisting of chronic fear, hopelessness, insecurity, and anxiety; (b) coping acts ranging from active confrontation to passive resignation and denial; (c) paradox of suffering and resistance, where despair coexisted with national identity and collective resilience; (d) uncertainty, felt as future-oriented anxiety, disorientation, and loss of control; (e) psychological growth, expressed in changed family values, existential meaning making, and reappreciation of everyday life; and (f) empathy, manifested in interpersonal concern and identification with others' suffering at the local and global levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings suggest that trauma seems to be a dialectical process that both breaks and heals at the same time, in contrast to conceptualizing it dichotomously in terms of pathology versus growth. Focusing on sociocultural and political contexts in shaping responses to trauma offers implications not only for clinical intervention but also policy and community interventions. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20982,"journal":{"name":"Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148970937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}