Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy最新文献

{"title":"Cultural Trauma Scale: Psychometric evaluation of Black men's beliefs, emotions, and coping.","authors":"Virgil Lee Gregory, Joseph Tucker Edmonds","doi":"10.1037/tra0001607","DOIUrl":"10.1037/tra0001607","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Racism and gender-based prejudice produce a synergistic and toxic effect that necessitates analysis. There is a need to conduct more research with Black men as their experiences with race-based trauma may differ, given their concurrent disproportionate exposure to other forms of violence.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The study's purpose was to develop items for and evaluate the factor structure and internal consistency of the Cultural Trauma Scale (CuTS) in an exclusive sample of Black men.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Using the Yale Center for Clinical Investigation, Community Alliance for Research Engagement principles, the study was conducted in a context of community-engaged research. Data were collected from individual interviews and focus groups, subject matter experts, and a sample of 150 adult Black men. Principal axis factoring (PAF) was used to determine the factor structure of the scale items.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Via PAF the final factor structure included five constructs addressing: American and its justice system: cognitive-emotional responses (Cronbach's α = .88), cognitive-behavioral coping (Cronbach's α = .77), willingness to seek cultural trauma treatment (Cronbach's α = .88), tripartite police fear (Cronbach's α = .81), and resilience (Cronbach's α = .61).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The CuTS represents psychometric advancement in the measurement of Black male social justice and healing from cultural trauma. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20982,"journal":{"name":"Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy","volume":" ","pages":"1329-1337"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71426400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leadership in moral awareness: Initial evidence from U.S. Army soldiers returning from deployment.","authors":"Ian A Gutierrez, Stephen W Krauss, Amy B Adler","doi":"10.1037/tra0001551","DOIUrl":"10.1037/tra0001551","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine whether moral awareness leadership moderated the relationship between combat experiences and soldier mental health symptoms following deployment.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The Leadership in Moral Awareness Scale (LIMAS) was evaluated using anonymous surveys completed by 177 U.S. Army National Guardsmen. The survey also assessed general leadership, combat experiences, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety, and depression symptoms. Following factor analyses of the LIMAS, moderated regression models examined interactions between the LIMAS and combat experiences on mental health symptoms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Six items were selected to comprise the LIMAS. No main effect of the LIMAS was found for mental health variables after adjusting for general leadership. There were significant interaction effects between the LIMAS and combat experiences for depression and anxiety symptoms. Soldiers with higher levels of combat experiences reported fewer mental health symptoms if their leaders were rated highly on the LIMAS.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The LIMAS may offer a useful tool for assessing leader behaviors that can counteract negative mental health outcomes associated with combat. Findings provide support for encouraging leaders to focus on moral awareness during deployment. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20982,"journal":{"name":"Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy","volume":" ","pages":"1233-1237"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10435624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DSM-5 criterion-a-based trauma types in service members and veterans seeking treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder.","authors":"Natasha Benfer, Breanna Grunthal, Katherine A Dondanville, Stacey Young-McCaughan, Abby Blankenship, Chadi G Abdallah, Sudie E Back, Julianne Flanagan, Edna B Foa, Peter T Fox, John H Krystal, Brian P Marx, Donald D McGeary, Carmen P McLean, Kristi E Pruiksma, Patricia A Resick, John D Roache, Paulo Shiroma, Denise M Sloan, Daniel J Taylor, Jennifer Schuster Wachen, Argelio L López-Roca, Karin L Nicholson, Richard P Schobitz, Christian C Schrader, Allah-Fard M Sharrieff, Jeffrey S Yarvis, Jim Mintz, Terence M Keane, Alan L Peterson, Brett T Litz","doi":"10.1037/tra0001537","DOIUrl":"10.1037/tra0001537","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>In posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), the assumption of the equipotentiality of traumas ignores potentially unique contexts and consequences of different traumas. Accordingly, Stein et al. (2012) developed a reliable typing scheme in which assessors categorized descriptions of traumatic events into six \"types\": life threat to self (LTS), life threat to other, aftermath of violence (AV), traumatic loss, moral injury by self (MIS), and moral injury by other (MIO). We extended this research by validating the typing scheme using <i>participant endorsements of type</i>, rather than assesor-based types. We examined the concordance of participant and assesor types, frequency, and validity of participant-based trauma types by examining associations with baseline mental and behavioral health problems.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Interviewers enrolled military personnel and veterans (<i>N</i> = 1,443) in clinical trials of PTSD and helped them select the most currently distressing Criterion-A trauma. Participants and, archivally, assessors typed the distressing aspect(s) of this experience.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>AV was the most frequently participant-endorsed type, but LTS was the most frequently rated worst part of an event. Although participants endorsed MIS and MIO the least frequently, these were associated with worse mental and behavioral health problems. The agreement between participants and assessors regarding the worst part of the event was poor.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Because of discrepancies between participant and assessor typologies, clinical researchers should use participants' ratings, and these should trump assessor judgment. Differences in pretreatment behavioral and mental health problems across some participant-endorsed trauma types partially support the validity of the participant ratings. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20982,"journal":{"name":"Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy","volume":" ","pages":"1218-1228"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10770283/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9746835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longitudinal changes in children's and adolescents' mental health and well-being and associated protective factors during the COVID-19 pandemic.","authors":"Anat Shoshani","doi":"10.1037/tra0001556","DOIUrl":"10.1037/tra0001556","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The COVID-19 pandemic has heightened children's and adolescents' risk of experiencing long-term mental health problems and a decline in subjective well-being. To better understand the longitudinal impact of COVID-19, this study explored the role of demographic variables and the potential moderating effects of social support and daily routines as resilience factors.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A nationally representative, longitudinal cohort of 5,217 Israeli children and adolescents aged 10-15 at baseline completed measures of mental health symptoms, life satisfaction, positive and negative emotions, gratitude, social support, and daily routines. Data were collected in school at four measurement points: September 2019 (before the outbreak of COVID-19; <i>N</i> = 5,127), May 2020 (after the first lockdown; <i>N</i> = 4,698), May 2021 (after the third wave lockdown; N = 4,813), and May 2022 (after the fourth and fifth waves of the pandemic; <i>N</i> = 4,897). The data were analyzed using multilevel mixed models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant increases in depression, anxiety, and panic along with decreases in psychological well-being were found as a function of time. These effects were moderated by age and gender. Participants with high social support and structured daily routines reported smaller increases in mental health symptoms than students with low social support or irregular daily routines.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There is a critical need for clinical and educational interventions for young people during this period to promote the resilience factors that can moderate well-being and counter the decline in mental health. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20982,"journal":{"name":"Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy","volume":" ","pages":"1158-1168"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9883090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social support as a differential moderator of the association between optimism, birth satisfaction, and postpartum acute stress symptoms of fathers and mothers.","authors":"Maor Kalfon-Hakhmigari, Jonathan E Handelzalts, Yulia Wilk Goldsher, Haim Krissi, Yoav Peled","doi":"10.1037/tra0001592","DOIUrl":"10.1037/tra0001592","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Childbirth can be a stressful event that leads to the development of acute stress. However, little is known about postpartum acute stress among mothers and even less among fathers. The current study aims to expand the understanding of postpartum acute stress symptoms by examining associations with dispositional optimism, subjective birth satisfaction, and social support in a moderated-mediation model.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Participants comprised 567 mothers and 109 fathers who gave/were present at birth, sampled at the maternity ward of a tertiary healthcare center. Self-report questionnaires were distributed a few days postpartum: demographic and obstetric information, dispositional optimism (Life Orientation Test-Revised), birth satisfaction (Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised), social support (the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support), and acute stress symptoms (National Stressful Events Survey Acute Stress Disorder Short Scale).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For mothers, birth satisfaction mediated the association between dispositional optimism and acute stress, and social support moderated the association between birth satisfaction and acute stress for all levels of social support (<i>B</i> = .14, <i>SE</i> = .05, CI [.05 to .23]). For fathers, a similar moderated-mediation occurred; however, at high levels of social support, the association between birth satisfaction and acute stress became insignificant (<i>B</i> = .17, <i>SE</i> = .08, CI [.02 to .32]; index of moderated-mediation = .08, [-.07 to .22]).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Optimism through birth satisfaction may reduce acute stress levels following childbirth among parents, while different effects of social support for fathers and mothers were discovered. For fathers, high levels of social support were found to eliminate the association between birth satisfaction and acute stress and therefore buffer the development of postpartum acute stress symptoms. This study took place in one healthcare center with mostly Jewish participants; further studies are thus needed for better generalization. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20982,"journal":{"name":"Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy","volume":" ","pages":"1083-1091"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41111093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anger and suicidality in veterans: Impact of postseparation time and combat.","authors":"H Ryan Wagner, Megan Lanier, Kiera Molloy, Lynn Van Male, Mid-Atlantic Mental Illness Research Education And Clinical Center Workgroup, Eric B Elbogen","doi":"10.1037/tra0001599","DOIUrl":"10.1037/tra0001599","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The study investigated the association over time between the rates of anger/hostility and suicidality in post-9/11 veterans as a function of time following separation from the military and combat exposure.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Structured clinical interviews were conducted with <i>N</i> = 2,580 Iraq/Afghanistan-era U.S. military veterans serving since 9/11/01. For each participant, a postseparation interval was calculated as the time between military separation and the clinical interview, with a range of up to 9 years. Combat exposure was assessed using a three-level categorical proxy derived from the Combat Exposure Scale indexing levels of none, below, and above median exposure. Three separate estimates measuring anger/hostility and three separate measures of suicidality were modeled variously across separation intervals and levels of combat exposure.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In bivariate analyses, higher levels of combat exposure were associated with overall significantly higher levels of both anger/hostility and suicidality. Based on multivariable analyses, rates in measures indexing suicidality among veterans did not decrease as a function of the number of years postseparation. In contrast, rates in measures indexing anger/hostility among veterans endorsing above-median levels of combat exposure decreased significantly with increasing time since separation. Nonetheless, even at longer time points, both suicidality and anger/hostility remained elevated among respondents endorsing above-median combat exposure.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings illustrate the importance of implementing suicide prevention and anger management programs for postseparation adjustment as well as for the period beyond the immediate postseparation, with particular attention paid to the level of combat exposure experienced. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20982,"journal":{"name":"Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy","volume":" ","pages":"1198-1208"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71426399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The roles of shame and poor self-concept in explaining low social connection among adult survivors of childhood emotional maltreatment.","authors":"William P Archuleta, Patricia L Kaminski, Nicholas D Ross","doi":"10.1037/tra0001559","DOIUrl":"10.1037/tra0001559","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Emotional maltreatment (EM) is the most common retrospectively self-reported form of child abuse/neglect. One potential negative outcome for EM survivors is a lack of social connection (SC; i.e., feeling interpersonally distant from others, socially uncomfortable, etc.). Explanations of the link between EM and low SC, however, are insufficiently tested. Theory and empirical work point to shame as a ubiquitous consequence of EM that negatively affects self-concept and is also associated with low SC in adulthood.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We test the hypothesis that experiences of EM lead to shame that impairs the development of social self-concept and, ultimately, one's sense of SC.</p><p><strong>Participants and setting: </strong>We collected self-report data from 244 American college students.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Using structural equation modeling, we tested shame and social self-concept as sequential mediators of the path from EM to SC.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Shame and social self-concept mediated the relationship between EM and SC, bringing this direct path below significance. Social self-concept partially mediated shame and SC. Overall, our model accounted for 77% of the variability in SC.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Children subjected to EM by caregivers are likely to experience themselves as deeply flawed (i.e., shame) and have difficulty developing a secure sense of themselves, especially as relational beings. Our results suggest that when shame interferes with the development of a positive social self-concept, survivors of EM are at-risk for low SC. Treatment implications include a focus on healing shame and building social self-concept. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20982,"journal":{"name":"Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy","volume":" ","pages":"1149-1157"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10005542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trauma cognitions as intervening variables in the relation of chronic child abuse and thwarted interpersonal needs.","authors":"Johnathan Walker, Alexandria F Sowers, Robert A Kaya, M Kati Lear, Ryan M Kozina, Joshua D Clapp","doi":"10.1037/tra0001561","DOIUrl":"10.1037/tra0001561","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Chronic childhood trauma is consistently linked to negative mental health outcomes in adulthood, but research exploring specific paths of risk remains limited. The aims of the current study were to examine trauma cognitions as intervening variables in the relation of chronic victimization with perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness, variables implicated in transdiagnostic risk for psychopathology.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Semistructured interviews were used to identify university students reporting exposure to systematic physical and/or sexual violence prior to age 18 (<i>n</i> = 101) versus those experiencing other Criterion-A events (<i>n</i> = 254). Trauma cognitions (self, world, and self-blame) and thwarted interpersonal needs (burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness) were measured using scores from the posttrauma cognitions inventory (PTCI) and the Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire-10 (INQ-10). Path models in these cross-sectional data were evaluated to assess the indirect effects of chronic abuse on burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness through self, world, and blame cognitions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>An initial model indicated associations of chronic victimization on self (<i>p</i> = .044) and world (<i>p</i> = .005) scales of the PTCI and a unique effect of self-beliefs on INQ-10 burdensomeness (<i>p</i> < .001). An indirect effect of abuse on burdensomeness through self-beliefs was supported (<i>p</i> = .050). A second model identified direct effects of PTCI self (<i>p</i> < .001) and world (<i>p</i> < .001) scores on thwarted belongingness as well as an indirect effect of chronic abuse on belongingness through world beliefs (p = .026).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>While typically assessed within the context of posttraumatic stress disorder, results suggest that shifts in fundamental beliefs about the self and the world may have more general impacts on perceptions of burdensomeness and belonging in survivors of early, systematic abuse. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20982,"journal":{"name":"Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy","volume":" ","pages":"1092-1099"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9964773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exposure to potentially morally injurious events in U.K. health and social care workers during COVID-19: Associations with PTSD and complex PTSD.","authors":"Talya Greene, Jasmine Harju-Seppänen, Jo Billings, Chris R Brewin, Dominic Murphy, Michael A P Bloomfield","doi":"10.1037/tra0001519","DOIUrl":"10.1037/tra0001519","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Health and social care workers (HSCWs) have been shown to be at risk of exposure to potentially morally injurious events (PMIEs) and mental health problems during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to examine associations between exposure to PMIEs and meeting threshold criteria for probable posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and probable complex PTSD (CPTSD) in U.K. HSCWs immediately after the peak of the first COVID-19 wave.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Frontline HSCWs from across the United Kingdom working in diverse roles in hospitals, nursing or care homes, and other community settings were recruited to the Frontline-COVID study via social media. Participants (<i>n</i> = 1,056) completed a cross-sectional online survey (May 27, 2020-July 23, 2020) which assessed exposure to PMIEs (nine-item Moral Injury Events Scale), and meeting symptom thresholds for probable PTSD and probable CPTSD (International Trauma Questionnaire).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>PMIEs related to witnessing others' wrongful actions and betrayal events were more commonly endorsed than perceived self-transgressions. The rate of probable International Classification of Diseases, 11th Revision (ICD-11) PTSD was 8.3%, and of probable ICD-11 CPTSD was 14.2%. Betrayal-related PMIEs were a significant predictor of probable PTSD or probable CPTSD, together with having been redeployed during the pandemic. The only variable that differentially predicted probable CPTSD as compared with probable PTSD was not having had reliable access to personal protective equipment; none of the PMIE types were differential predictors for screening positive for probable PTSD versus probable CPTSD.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Exposure to PIMEs could be important for PTSD and CPTSD development. Interventions for moral injury in HSCWs should be investigated. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20982,"journal":{"name":"Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy","volume":" ","pages":"1189-1197"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10050785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations among military sexual trauma, positive alcohol expectancies, and coping behaviors in female veterans.","authors":"Lauren Rodriguez, Paul R King, Laura J Buchholz","doi":"10.1037/tra0001538","DOIUrl":"10.1037/tra0001538","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Military sexual trauma (MST) is prevalent among female veterans and is associated with deleterious health outcomes. Adaptive coping strategies (e.g., emotional support) are associated with more positive outcomes, while maladaptive strategies (e.g., substance use) are associated with greater impairment. However, research on factors that influence specific coping strategy use is limited. For women with a history of MST, expectancies about the effects of alcohol may enhance the use of maladaptive and reduce the use of adaptive strategies. The present study tested this hypothesis. Associations among MST status and two coping behaviors (emotional support, substance use) in female veterans were examined and the mediating role of positive alcohol expectancies on these relationships was tested.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A secondary analysis was conducted using self-report survey data from 186 female veterans in a Northeastern region. Measures included a brief screen for MST, the posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) Checklist for DSM-5, the Brief Cope, and the Brief Comprehensive Effects of Alcohol Questionnaire.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among all respondents, positive alcohol expectancies were significantly associated with greater substance use coping, while PTSD symptom severity was negatively associated with emotional support coping. Though women with MST reported greater positive alcohol expectancies and PTSD symptom severity, the direct effects of MST on coping were not significant. Mediation was not supported in our sample.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Alcohol expectancies may be a viable target for intervention to reduce alcohol use as a maladaptive coping strategy among female veterans. Similarly, treatment targeting PTSD symptoms, regardless of MST status, is important for enhancing the use of adaptive coping strategies. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20982,"journal":{"name":"Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy","volume":" ","pages":"1209-1217"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10770286/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9755678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}