Psychology Research and Behavior Management最新文献

{"title":"Clinical Phenotype Identification in Chinese Children with ADHD Using Latent Profile Analysis and Implications for Precision Nursing Pathways.","authors":"Yue Ma, Yong-Hua Cui, Jia-Jia Gao, Fang Wen, Jun-Juan Yan, Ming-Mei Sun, Hong-Mei Duan, Nan Song","doi":"10.2147/PRBM.S611629","DOIUrl":"10.2147/PRBM.S611629","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is characterized by substantial clinical heterogeneity, underscoring the need for a shift toward precision nursing approaches. The present study aimed to identify relatively homogeneous subgroups (phenotypes) among children with ADHD based on multidimensional clinical characteristics and to validate their distinct cognitive profiles using objective cognitive assessments, thereby providing an empirical basis for the development of a precision nursing practice pathway.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cohort of 403 treatment-naïve children with newly diagnosed ADHD were included. Behavioral, emotional, and social functioning were evaluated using the Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham Version IV Scale, the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, and the Weiss Functional Impairment Rating Scale-Parent Report. Cognitive validation was conducted using the Continuous Performance Test (CPT). The primary analytical methods included latent profile analysis (LPA) and between-group comparisons.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The optimal LPA model identified three distinct classes: the \"functionally balanced type\" (25.8%), the \"impulsivity-predominant type\" (55.6%), and the \"emotional-cognitive dysregulation subtype\" (18.6%). Cognitive validation using the CPT indicated that the impulsivity-predominant type demonstrated a significantly higher commission error rate, whereas the emotional-cognitive dysregulation subtype exhibited significantly greater reaction time variability.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The \"behavioral subtyping-cognitive validation\" framework proposed in this study links subjective behavioral clustering with objective cognitive indicators relevant to nursing care. This approach provides an important empirical foundation for shifting ADHD management from a uniform model toward mechanism-informed precision intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":20954,"journal":{"name":"Psychology Research and Behavior Management","volume":"19 ","pages":"611629"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13264979/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148259328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Association Between Body Image and Depression: Historical Evolution and Recent Research Progress.","authors":"Yan-Min Xu, Bao-Liang Zhong","doi":"10.2147/PRBM.S593127","DOIUrl":"10.2147/PRBM.S593127","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This narrative review synthesizes the historical evolution and current evidence on the association between body image and depression, with emphasis on conceptual shifts, bidirectional pathways, heterogeneity across populations, and implications for prevention and treatment.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>PubMed was searched using title-relevant body image terms (eg, body image, body dissatisfaction, body image disturbance) combined with depress* to capture depression-related variants. No date or language restrictions were applied. After screening, 266 records published from 1972 to 2026 were included. The search was performed on May 5, 2026.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Evidence across five decades indicates that negative body image, especially body dissatisfaction, is consistently associated with depressive symptoms across cultures, developmental stages, and clinical settings. The field has evolved from early clinical observations to sociocultural and longitudinal research, and more recently to transdiagnostic, digital media, symptom network, and genetically informed approaches. Longitudinal and twin-cohort studies suggest that body dissatisfaction may prospectively predict depression, while depression may in turn exacerbate body image problems. Subjective appearance evaluation appears more strongly related to depressive outcomes than objective indices such as BMI. Proposed mechanisms include self-objectification, social comparison, cognitive biases, rumination, low self-esteem, and reduced engagement in rewarding activities. Interventions targeting body image, including CBT and dissonance-based programs, improve body image and may also reduce depressive symptoms.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Body image is a modifiable and clinically meaningful factor in depressive risk and maintenance. Integrating body image assessment and targeted intervention into depression prevention and care may help interrupt reciprocal cycles of dissatisfaction, shame, rumination, and withdrawal.</p>","PeriodicalId":20954,"journal":{"name":"Psychology Research and Behavior Management","volume":"19 ","pages":"593127"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13264994/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148259347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual Mediating and Moderating Roles of Hope in the Association Between Marital Satisfaction and Post-Traumatic Growth Among Chinese Breast Cancer Patients: A Latent Profile Analysis.","authors":"Zhi Hui Gu, Ji Xiang Bao, Yang Tan, Meng Yao Li","doi":"10.2147/PRBM.S612295","DOIUrl":"10.2147/PRBM.S612295","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to identify latent profiles of post-traumatic growth (PTG) among Chinese breast cancer patients and to explore the dual mediating and moderating roles of hope in the association between marital satisfaction (MS) and PTG, so as to clarify the psychological mechanism underlying marital relationship and positive psychological adaptation after cancer.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 421 breast cancer patients from the Breast Surgery Department of Anshan Cancer Hospital, Liaoning, China. Participants completed the Herth Hope Index, Marital Adjustment Scale, and Post-traumatic Growth Inventory. Latent profile analysis (LPA) was used to classify PTG sub-types; hierarchical regression, bootstrap resampling and simple slope tests were applied to examine the mediating and moderating effects. Statistical analyses were performed using Mplus 8.3 and IBM SPSS 26.0.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three latent PTG subgroups were identified: PTG-resistance (20.5%), PTG-slow growth (27.6%), and PTG-healthy growth (51.9%). Hope exerted a partial mediating effect on the relationship between MS and PTG, accounting for 29.5% of the total effect. Also, hope significantly moderated this association and served as a weakening moderator (ΔR²=0.139, <i>P</i><0.001). The positive linkage stronger among those with lower hope levels. Patients with high hope relied less on marital relationship quality to achieve positive psychological growth and maintained stable PTG independently.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Hope acts as both partial mediator and weakening moderator. Low-hope patients are more affected by MS, whereas high-hope patients maintain steady PTG via internal psychological resources. This PTG sub-type classification combined with hope-related psychological mechanisms facilitates targeted and individualized psychological intervention strategies for breast cancer patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":20954,"journal":{"name":"Psychology Research and Behavior Management","volume":"19 ","pages":"612295"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13242820/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148205941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating Existential Perspectives into Schema Therapy: A Conceptual Framework with Clinical Illustrations.","authors":"Jan Prasko, Julija Gecaite-Stonciene, Marija Abeltina, Marie Ociskova, Jakub Vanek, Ilona Krone, Ieva Bite, Milos Slepecky, Alicja Juskiene","doi":"10.2147/PRBM.S595379","DOIUrl":"10.2147/PRBM.S595379","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Existential concerns such as meaninglessness, isolation, freedom, responsibility, and death anxiety represent core dimensions of human suffering and may underlie chronic psychological distress, particularly in patients with personality pathology. Although schema therapy implicitly addresses such themes, their systematic integration has remained conceptually underdeveloped.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This paper presents a narrative review and theoretical synthesis of schema therapy and existential psychotherapy, including existential analysis and logotherapy. Relevant literature was identified through searches of PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Theoretical integration was complemented by de-identified composite clinical vignettes derived from accumulated clinical experience.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The paper introduces an existentially informed schema therapy framework in which existential concerns are conceptualized as interacting with early maladaptive schemas and schema modes, while the clinical illustrations demonstrate how existential reflection may be incorporated into standard schema therapy interventions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Schema therapy with an existential dimension offers a coherent conceptual framework and a clinically promising direction for addressing existential suffering in patients with complex psychological disorders. Integrating existential perspectives may deepen meaning-making, strengthen the Healthy Adult mode, and support identity integration and more authentic engagement with life. Future empirical research is needed to evaluate its clinical effectiveness and mechanisms of change.</p>","PeriodicalId":20954,"journal":{"name":"Psychology Research and Behavior Management","volume":"19 ","pages":"595379"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13222772/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148150831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reciprocal Associations Between Growth Mindset and Adolescent School Life Satisfaction: The Longitudinal Mediation Effect of Meaning in Life.","authors":"Xintong Zhao, Tao Xin, Qingsong Sang","doi":"10.2147/PRBM.S609893","DOIUrl":"10.2147/PRBM.S609893","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Prior research indicates that growth mindset and meaning in life promote school life satisfaction, yet the relationship between these three factors and their underlying mechanisms remain unclear.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>This study used Random Intercept Cross-Lagged Panel Model (RI-CLPM) to examine the bidirectional longitudinal relationships between adolescents' growth mindset and school life satisfaction, as well as examined the mediating role of meaning in life in this dynamic interplay. Using a cluster sampling approach, a two-year longitudinal study was conducted among 811 Chinese secondary school students using the Growth Mindset Scale, the Meaning in Life Questionnaire, and the School Life Satisfaction Rating Questionnaire for Adolescents.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The RI-CLPM results indicated that: (1) A bidirectional relationship exists between growth mindset and school life satisfaction. (2) At the within-person level, T2 meaning in life exhibited longitudinal mediating effects on the relationship between T1 growth mindset and T3 school life satisfaction.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study enhances our understanding of growth mindset, meaning in life and school life satisfaction. Specifically, the findings suggest that interventions targeting adolescents' growth mindset may enhance their school life satisfaction, partly by strengthening their meaning in life. These insights offer considerable practical significance from a positive psychology perspective.</p>","PeriodicalId":20954,"journal":{"name":"Psychology Research and Behavior Management","volume":"19 ","pages":"609893"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13220822/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148138894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dissecting Depression in Cardiovascular Disease in Middle-Aged and Older Adults: Evidence That Comorbidity is Associated with Higher Depression Network Strength.","authors":"Rouyi Lin, Yinshi Xiong, Lin Wang, Yuchan Chen, Jiaci Lin, Na Du","doi":"10.2147/PRBM.S604559","DOIUrl":"10.2147/PRBM.S604559","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Depression is prevalent among older adults with cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study utilized network analysis to examine depressive symptom structures in older adults with and without CVD and explored the impact of comorbidities.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Based on 15,234 participants from the 2018 CHARLS data, propensity score matching (PSM) was used to construct a matched cohort of CVD and non-CVD individuals. Depressive symptoms were assessed via the CESD-10. Network analysis identified central symptoms and compared network connectivity and strength.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The CVD group exhibited significantly higher depression prevalence and symptom severity than the non-CVD group. In the CVD network, \"depressed\", \"could not get going\", and \"bothered\" were the most central symptoms. Notably, CVD patients with comorbidities showed significantly higher global network strength (S=0.44, <i>P</i>=0.008) than those without, indicating a more tightly coupled and potentially more persistent symptom structure.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Older adults with CVD demonstrate distinct depression symptom interactions. The increased network density in patients with comorbidities suggests a higher vulnerability to self-sustaining depressive states. Targeting central symptoms like \"feeling depressed\" and \"inability to get going\" may optimize psychological interventions and clinical management for this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":20954,"journal":{"name":"Psychology Research and Behavior Management","volume":"19 ","pages":"604559"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13220825/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148138907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stress Coping and Psychological Resilience Development in Newly Licensed Registered Nurses During the Transition to Independent ICU Practice: A Descriptive Qualitative Study [Letter].","authors":"Xu Liu, Li Ning","doi":"10.2147/PRBM.S618456","DOIUrl":"10.2147/PRBM.S618456","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20954,"journal":{"name":"Psychology Research and Behavior Management","volume":"19 ","pages":"618456"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13209141/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148043470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toward More Open, Theoretically Grounded, and Sustainable Parental Involvement in Applied Behavior Analysis Interventions for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder [Letter].","authors":"Shujuan Chen, Qing-Wei Chen","doi":"10.2147/PRBM.S619491","DOIUrl":"10.2147/PRBM.S619491","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20954,"journal":{"name":"Psychology Research and Behavior Management","volume":"19 ","pages":"619491"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13199710/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148034437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Directional Relations Between Symptoms of Adolescent Smartphone Addiction, Academic Burnout, and Psychological Distress: A Cross-Lagged Panel Network Analysis.","authors":"Wei Yao, Mengjian Hu, Hanchao Hou, Peng Yang, Shiguang Ni","doi":"10.2147/PRBM.S579858","DOIUrl":"10.2147/PRBM.S579858","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Previous research has identified a high risk of smartphone addiction and its association with general and school-contextual mental health problems (ie, psychological distress and academic burnout) among Chinese adolescents. Nonetheless, the directional and symptom-level relationships among these problems remain underexamined, hindering understanding of the mechanisms underlying their co-occurrence. Based on the I-PACE (Interaction of Person-Affect-Cognition-Execution) model, this study addressed these gaps by performing a cross-lagged panel network (CLPN) analysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were obtained from a survey of 589 adolescents in secondary schools in China at two time points, with a five-month interval. Using a CLPN approach, this study examined the directional relationships among smartphone addiction, academic burnout, and psychological distress at the symptom level.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The depression and anxiety symptoms of psychological distress, as well as the withdrawal symptom of smartphone addiction, emerged as strong bridging symptoms. Moreover, three mechanisms linking the three problems were identified. First, depression predicted cyberspace-oriented relationships and smartphone overuse, and anxiety predicted daily-life disturbances. Second, withdrawal predicted anxiety. Third, depression predicted exhaustion from studying, and withdrawal predicted cynical attitudes towards studying.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results support the predisposing factors-smartphone addiction cycle described in the I-PACE model, aligning with the vulnerability, predisposition entrenchment, and intensification mechanisms proposed by the model. Psychological distress symptoms, as predisposing factors, playing key roles in the cycle. However, the results indicate that school situational factors such as academic burnout may function as distal outcomes rather than triggers in the cycle. The key linking mechanisms identified in this study are informative for generating hypotheses for future research and developing practical intervention strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":20954,"journal":{"name":"Psychology Research and Behavior Management","volume":"19 ","pages":"579858"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13179775/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147964426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contextual Predictability Modulates Neural Processing of Social Threat Words in High and Low Social Anxiety: Evidence from ERPs and Theta Oscillations.","authors":"Haichen Wang, Zhengjun Wang, Xiuxiu Zhang, Mutian Guo, Yaxi Duan, Qiusha Luo, Zhen Bi, Yue Du, Jianqin Cao","doi":"10.2147/PRBM.S595923","DOIUrl":"10.2147/PRBM.S595923","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Individuals with high social anxiety (HSA) consistently exhibit attentional biases toward social threat. However, most evidence derives from paradigms in which threat and neutral stimuli are unpredictably intermixed, leaving it unclear whether such biases reflect heightened sensitivity to threat content per se or increased sensitivity to contextual unpredictability, where emotional valence changes unpredictably across trials.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>HSA and low social anxiety (LSA) individuals completed an emotional Stroop task comprising a mixed context, in which threat and neutral words were randomly presented, and a threat-only context, in which threat was fully predictable Behavioral responses, event-related potentials (P2, EPN, LPP), and theta-band oscillations were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Behaviorally, HSA participants responded more slowly than LSA participants in the mixed context but faster in the threat-only context. At the neural level, early perceptual processing indexed by P2 did not differ reliably across groups. In contrast, EPN amplitudes were selectively enhanced in HSA individuals under predictable threat, whereas LSA individuals showed increased LPP amplitudes reflecting sustained evaluative engagement. Frontal theta power was greater in LSA than HSA individuals in the mixed context.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggest that threat-related bias in HSA participants is associated with contextual predictability, in addition to threat exposure. HSA is characterized by intact or heightened early sensitivity to threat alongside context-dependent differences in later evaluative and regulatory processes. By highlighting the role of contextual predictability and temporal dynamics, the present study provides a more nuanced understanding of emotional dysregulation in high social anxiety.</p>","PeriodicalId":20954,"journal":{"name":"Psychology Research and Behavior Management","volume":"19 ","pages":"595923"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13165499/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147933058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}