{"title":"Role of adenosine in the pathophysiology and treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.","authors":"Qingxia Jia, Hongwan Tan, Tingsong Li, Xiaoling Duan","doi":"10.1007/s11302-024-10059-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11302-024-10059-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a complex neurodevelopmental condition characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. Although its precise etiology remains unclear, current evidence suggests that dysregulation within the neurotransmitter system plays a key role in the pathogenesis of ADHD. Adenosine, an endogenous nucleoside widely distributed throughout the body, modulates various physiological processes, including neurotransmitter release, sleep regulation, and cognitive functions through its receptors. This review critically examines the role of the adenosine system in ADHD, focusing on the links between adenosine receptor function and ADHD-related symptoms. Additionally, it explores how adenosine interacts with dopamine and other neurotransmitter pathways, shedding light on its involvement in ADHD pathophysiology. This review aims to provide insights into the potential therapeutic implications of targeting the adenosine system for ADHD management.</p>","PeriodicalId":20952,"journal":{"name":"Purinergic Signalling","volume":" ","pages":"841-849"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12454791/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142558618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Regulation of transcription factor function by purinergic signalling in cardiovascular diseases.","authors":"Hao Tang, Qihang Kong, Zhewei Zhang, Wenchao Wu, Lixing Yuan, Xiaojing Liu","doi":"10.1007/s11302-024-10045-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11302-024-10045-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), including hypertension, atherosclerosis, myocardial ischemia, and myocardial infarction, constitute the primary cause of mortality worldwide. Transcription factors play critical roles in the development of CVDs and contribute to the pathophysiology of these diseases by coordinating the transcription of many genes involved in inflammation, oxidative stress, angiogenesis, and glycolytic metabolism. One important regulator of hemostasis in both healthy and pathological settings has been identified as a purinergic signalling pathway. Research has demonstrated that several signalling networks implicated in the pathophysiology of CVDs are formed by transcription factors that are regulated by purinergic substances. Here, we briefly summarize the roles and mechanisms of the transcription factors regulated by purinergic pathways in various types of CVD. This information will be essential for discovering novel approaches for CVD treatment and prevention.</p>","PeriodicalId":20952,"journal":{"name":"Purinergic Signalling","volume":" ","pages":"911-927"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12454758/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142111425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purinergic SignallingPub Date : 2025-08-01Epub Date: 2025-05-07DOI: 10.1007/s11302-025-10092-9
He-Xia Peng, Yong Tang
{"title":"A<sub>2A</sub> receptors: a new target for immunotherapy resistance in prostate cancer.","authors":"He-Xia Peng, Yong Tang","doi":"10.1007/s11302-025-10092-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11302-025-10092-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20952,"journal":{"name":"Purinergic Signalling","volume":" ","pages":"983-985"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12454812/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143991820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purinergic SignallingPub Date : 2025-08-01Epub Date: 2025-06-20DOI: 10.1007/s11302-025-10099-2
Xiu-Min Hu, Yong Tang, Peter Illes
{"title":"P2X3 receptors in the paraventricular hypothalamus: a specific target for visceral pain.","authors":"Xiu-Min Hu, Yong Tang, Peter Illes","doi":"10.1007/s11302-025-10099-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11302-025-10099-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In a recent article published in Neuron, Li et al. (Neuron 112(22):3734-3749.e5, 2024) accomplished a major scientific advance by reporting that ATP-sensitive P2X3 receptor-channels (P2X3Rs) in the paraventricular hypothalamus (PVH) specifically regulate visceral pain without affecting somatic pain. On the other hand, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-sensing receptors (VIPR2) selectively process somatic pain without altering visceral pain. Function-dependent laser capture microdissection sequencing (fLCM-Seq) and immunohistochemistry demonstrated that P2X3Rs and VIPR2 have different transcriptional profiles and belong to the colorectal distension (CRD) and von Frey filament (VFF)-stimulated subgroups of PVH neurons, respectively. An anterograde tracing strategy, in which green fluorescent protein (GFP) was selectively expressed in CRD-labeled or VFF-labeled PVH neurons, showed that PVH<sup>P2X3R+</sup> neuronal projections terminated exclusively at the ventral part of the lateral septal nucleus (LSV) while the PVH<sup>VIPR2+</sup> neuronal projections terminated at the caudal part of the zona incerta (ZIC). The PVH<sup>P2X3R+</sup> circuit selectively responded to visceral pain while remaining unresponsive to somatic pain. By contrast, the PVH<sup>VIPR2+</sup> circuit selectively responded to somatic pain, while it did not react to visceral pain. Knockdown of P2X3R expression in PVH neurons enhanced the visceral pain threshold without affecting somatic nociception, and the reverse findings were true for the knockdown of the VIPR2 expressing PVH neurons. All these results provide possible new strategies based on central-targeted therapies for the future treatment of visceral and somatic pain, respectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":20952,"journal":{"name":"Purinergic Signalling","volume":" ","pages":"987-989"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12454728/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144333818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kailane Paula Pretto, Letícia de Souza Matias, Bruna Dias de Oliveira, Adinei Abadio Soares, Camila Ferreira Puntel, Yghor Augusto da Rocha Ricardo, Yenidis Teilor Scheibel, Débora Tavares de Resende E Silva
{"title":"Correction to: The role of purinergic P2X3 receptors and endometriosis-associated hyperalgesia.","authors":"Kailane Paula Pretto, Letícia de Souza Matias, Bruna Dias de Oliveira, Adinei Abadio Soares, Camila Ferreira Puntel, Yghor Augusto da Rocha Ricardo, Yenidis Teilor Scheibel, Débora Tavares de Resende E Silva","doi":"10.1007/s11302-025-10106-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11302-025-10106-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20952,"journal":{"name":"Purinergic Signalling","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144744488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kailane Paula Pretto, Letícia de Souza Matias, Bruna Dias de Oliveira, Adinei Abadio Soares, Camila Ferreira Puntel, Yghor Augusto da Rocha Ricardo, Yenidis Teilor Scheibel, Débora Tavares de Resende E Silva
{"title":"The role of purinergic P2X3 receptors and endometriosis-associated hyperalgesia.","authors":"Kailane Paula Pretto, Letícia de Souza Matias, Bruna Dias de Oliveira, Adinei Abadio Soares, Camila Ferreira Puntel, Yghor Augusto da Rocha Ricardo, Yenidis Teilor Scheibel, Débora Tavares de Resende E Silva","doi":"10.1007/s11302-025-10101-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11302-025-10101-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Endometriosis is a chronic gynecological condition characterized by endometrial tissue outside the uterine cavity. Recent research has focused on the relationship between the purinergic system and endometriosis. As a purinergic system component, extracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) has been involved as a crucial mediator of chronic pain associated with the disease, as well as P2X3 receptors, which play a key role in sensitization of nerve fibers and generation of nociceptive, neuropathic, and inflammatory pain. In addition, ectonucleotidases such as CD39 and CD73, which regulate ATP hydrolysis, have an altered expression in endometriotic lesions, contributing to extracellular ATP accumulation, intensifying inflammation and pain. Together, immune cells and their product are increased in endometriotic foci and promote the emergence of new lesions through their contribution to retrograde menstruation. Some studies have observed significant changes in mitochondrial respiration, notably decreased oxygen consumption in the affected endometrium. These various cellular processes that are mediated by ATP and adenosine in the uterine cavity and exert effects on immune defense will be herein reviewed in detail to investigate possible inhibitors, their activity, and potential exploration of the purinergic pathway as a therapeutic alternative.</p>","PeriodicalId":20952,"journal":{"name":"Purinergic Signalling","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144560967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Meghma Mitra, Amaya Sanz Rodriguez, Norman Delanty, Alan Beausang, Francesca M Brett, Michael A Farrell, Jane Cryan, Donncha F O'Brien, David Henshall, Maria F Cano-Abad, Tobias Engel
{"title":"The CALHM1 blocker CGP37157 increases seizure severity during status epilepticus in adult mice.","authors":"Meghma Mitra, Amaya Sanz Rodriguez, Norman Delanty, Alan Beausang, Francesca M Brett, Michael A Farrell, Jane Cryan, Donncha F O'Brien, David Henshall, Maria F Cano-Abad, Tobias Engel","doi":"10.1007/s11302-025-10103-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11302-025-10103-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Epilepsy is one of the most common chronic brain diseases affecting up to 70 million people worldwide. Major challenges of epilepsy treatment include the high pharmacoresistance in patients and the lack of disease-modification. Extracellular adenosine 3'triphosphate (ATP), a key neurotransmitter in the activation of the purinergic signalling system, is increasingly recognized to contribute to pathological brain hyperexcitability in epilepsy. Consequently, targeting ATP-release mechanisms may constitute a new therapeutic strategy for seizure control and epilepsy. The calcium channel, Calcium Homeostasis Modulator 1 (CALHM1), a voltage-gated, non-selective ion channel that permits the passage of various cations and small molecules, is expressed in neurons and plays an essential role during neuronal excitability and neurotransmission. In addition to ions, CALHM1 also allows the passage of ATP into the extracellular space, activating thereby purinergic receptors. Here, we tested if the pharmacological blocking of CALHM1 via CGP37157 (7-chloro-5-(2-chlorophenyl)-3,5-dihydro-4,1-benzothiazepin-2-(1H)-one) alters the severity of intra-amygdala kainic acid-induced status epilepticus. Our results show that CGP37157 increased the severity of seizures during status epilepticus. In addition, CALHM1 protein levels are down-regulated in the hippocampus in epileptic mice and Temporal Lobe Epilepsy (TLE) patients. In summary, our results identify CALHM1 as a new contributor to seizures and suggest targeting of CALHM1 as new treatment strategy for epilepsy.</p>","PeriodicalId":20952,"journal":{"name":"Purinergic Signalling","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144542056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
André P Schmidt, Denise A Otsuki, Gisele Hansel, Jean P Oses, Carolina D Wiener, Fernanda P Moreira, Luís V Portela, Diogo O Souza, Jose O C Auler
{"title":"Acute effects of guanosine or inosine in a porcine model of hemorrhagic shock.","authors":"André P Schmidt, Denise A Otsuki, Gisele Hansel, Jean P Oses, Carolina D Wiener, Fernanda P Moreira, Luís V Portela, Diogo O Souza, Jose O C Auler","doi":"10.1007/s11302-025-10097-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11302-025-10097-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hemorrhagic shock (HS) leads to systemic hypoperfusion, impaired tissue oxygenation, and multi-organ dysfunction, including central nervous system (CNS) injury. Guanosine and inosine, purine nucleosides with neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory properties, have demonstrated beneficial effects in models of neurotoxicity, ischemia, and septic shock. This study evaluated the acute effects of guanosine and inosine in fluid resuscitation, focusing on brain energy metabolism, neuroinflammatory mechanisms, and hemodynamic responses in a porcine model of HS. Thirty pigs (25-30 kg) underwent controlled hemorrhage to achieve a target mean arterial pressure (MAP) of 40 - 45 mmHg, maintained for 60 min. Animals were randomized into three resuscitation groups: Lactated Ringer's solution (LR), LR + guanosine (1 mmol/L), and LR + inosine (1 mmol/L), administered over 15 - 20 min. Hemodynamic, metabolic, and neuronal parameters were monitored for 440 min post-HS, with serial blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) sampling to assess glutamate, lactate, glucose, neuron-specific enolase (NSE), and inflammatory cytokines. HS induced metabolic acidosis, increased CSF glutamate levels, and elevated proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-8). Guanosine and inosine reduced glutamate levels more rapidly than LR alone and attenuated IL-1β and TNF-α elevations. Inosine resuscitation improved MAP, systemic vascular resistance index (SVRI), and end-diastolic volume index (EDVI), suggesting enhanced hemodynamic stabilization. Guanosine and inosine modulated neuroinflammatory and metabolic responses in HS, reducing excitotoxicity and inflammatory cytokine release. Inosine also demonstrated hemodynamic benefits. These findings support further investigation into their therapeutic potential in shock resuscitation.</p>","PeriodicalId":20952,"journal":{"name":"Purinergic Signalling","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144317806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jiepei He, Yuhan Zhou, Hector M Arredondo Carrera, Nan Li, Alison Gartland, Ning Wang
{"title":"Depletion of P2X4 receptor alleviates prostate cancer bone metastasis through reduced cancer cell invasiveness and enhanced cell adhesion activities.","authors":"Jiepei He, Yuhan Zhou, Hector M Arredondo Carrera, Nan Li, Alison Gartland, Ning Wang","doi":"10.1007/s11302-025-10096-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11302-025-10096-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Prostate cancer (PCa) preferentially metastasizes to bone, which remains incurable and contributes significantly to mortality and morbidity. The P2X4 receptor (P2X4R) is a receptor for ATP that is highly expressed in many cancer types including PCa and is positively associated with tumorigenesis. To understand the role of P2X4R in PCa biology, particularly in PCa bone metastasis, P2X4R (P2RX4) was knocked out in human PCa cell line PC3 cells using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. Cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion were examined using CyQUANT, Cell Meter Caspase 3/7, scratch and transwell assays. Results showed that depleting P2X4R significantly reduced cell proliferation and invasion and increased apoptosis compared to PC3 wildtype (WT) controls in vitro. To test their metastatic potential in vivo, PC3 WT and knock-out (KO) cells were intracardiacally injected into male BALB/c immunocompromised mice. Twenty-five days post-injection, there were no detectable tumours and associated bone destruction in the tibias of mice injected with KO cells, whereas tibias of over 50% mice injected with WT cells were occupied by tumour cells, with significant bone destruction observed ex vivo using micro-CT. Furthermore, RNA-seq and bioinformatic analysis of P2X4R KO cells demonstrated links between P2X4R and PCa cell adhesion, and other key signalling such as Wnt signalling. These findings suggest that P2X4R is a potential therapeutic target for PCa metastasis, particularly bone metastasis.</p>","PeriodicalId":20952,"journal":{"name":"Purinergic Signalling","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144294846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"ATP who you are.","authors":"Yong Tang, Peter Illes","doi":"10.1007/s11302-025-10098-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11302-025-10098-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20952,"journal":{"name":"Purinergic Signalling","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144275785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}