Public Health Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Development, validity and reliability of the street food and beverage tool.","authors":"Uzzi López, Tania C Aburto, Citlali González, Vanesa Barranco, Julissa Chavira, Lucia Hernandez-Barrera, Armando G Olvera, Claudia Nieto, Martín Romero-Martínez, Catalina Medina, Simón Barquera","doi":"10.1017/S1368980024002581","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1368980024002581","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To develop and evaluate the validity and reliability of the Street Food and Beverage Tool (SFBT).</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>This methodological study contains two phases: (a) tool development, which involves conducting a systematic review followed by expert evaluation of the items, the creation of a nutritional healthfulness index (NH), and pilot testing; and (b) evaluation of the Tool's Validity and Reliability. Content validity was judged by an external technical group, which evaluated the adequacy and pertinence of each tool item. Construct validity was evaluated around schools by testing the hypothesis: In high-income areas, there will be greater availability of healthy food and beverages at street food outlets (SFO), as measured by the NH index. Inter-rater and test-retest reliabilities were assessed outside subway stations. Pearson's correlation, Cohen's kappa and Content validity Indexes were used for reliability and validation. A multinomial regression model was used to estimate construct validity.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Mexico City, Mexico.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>80 SFO at subway station exits and 1066 around schools from diverse income areas.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The SFBT content validity index was satisfactory. The construct validity of the NH index indicated higher values in higher-Social Development Index areas. The NH index showed a positive linear correlation between raters and across the first and second evaluations. The majority of item availability (>60 %) showed moderate to strong kappa values for inter-rater and test-retest reliability.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The SFBT is a reliable and valid tool for assessing the availability of foods and beverages. Compared to other tools, it can measure the nutritional quality of SFO expressed as an NH index.</p>","PeriodicalId":20951,"journal":{"name":"Public Health Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"e45"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11883555/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142972114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developing and using a School Menu Healthiness Assessment Tool to analyse school food provision in Wales.","authors":"Alice Gilmour, Ruth Fairchild","doi":"10.1017/S1368980025000047","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1368980025000047","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To design and develop a new, innovative and valid School Menu Healthiness Assessment Tool that is suitable for the quantitative and qualitative analysis of school food and drink provision. Second, to analyse primary and secondary school menus and price lists pan-Wales to ascertain their healthiness and whether free school meal (FSM) eligible pupils can afford to access healthy, nutritious food across the school day.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Codable items and categories of school food and drink provision were operationalised before the tool underwent iterative development and testing. Then, cross-sectional content analysis of publicly available documents detailing school food provision (i.e. menus and price lists) was done.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Primary and secondary schools in Wales, UK.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>In total, 82 canteen menus were sourced online. This comprised local authority catering for primary (<i>n</i> 22) and secondary (<i>n</i> 19) schools and school-organised catering for primary (<i>n</i> 5) and secondary (<i>n</i> 36) schools.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Intercoder reliability testing found high agreeability between coders, demonstrating that the tool and data interpretation are reproducible and trustworthy. The FSM allowance is not wholly sufficient for all secondary school pupils to purchase a healthy meal from the school canteen. Moreover, the tool identified that oily fish and wholegrain provision were lacking across many menus.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A valuable tool was created, useful for researchers and other health professionals (i.e. dietitians) who are required to analyse the healthiness of school food provision in line with the latest nutritional requirements. This study provides insight into the current school food and drink landscape pan-Wales.</p>","PeriodicalId":20951,"journal":{"name":"Public Health Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"36"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11822622/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142954026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Household water security is a mediator of household food security in a nationally representative sample of Mexico.","authors":"Teresa Shamah-Levy, Ignacio Méndez-Gómez-Humarán, Verónica Mundo-Rosas, Alicia Muñoz-Espinosa, Hugo Melgar-Quiñonez, Sera Lewise Young","doi":"10.1017/S1368980024002684","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1368980024002684","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Explore the relationship between water insecurity (WI) and food security and their covariates in Mexican households.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A cross-sectional study with nationally representative data from the National Health and Nutrition Survey-Continuous 2021 (in Spanish, ENSANUT-Continua 2021), collected data from 12 619 households.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>WI was measured using the Household Water Insecurity Experiences (HWISE) Scale in Spanish and adapted to the Mexican context. Food security was measured using the Latin American and Caribbean Food Security Scale. A generalised path model was used to produce two simultaneous logistical regression equations - WI (HWISE ≥ 12) and moderate-to-severe food insecurity (FI) - to understand key covariates as well as the contribution of WI to FI.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>The head of the household, an adult of >18 years of age, consented to participate in the survey.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Households experiencing WI were more likely to experience moderate-to-severe FI (OR = 2·35; 95 % CI: 2·02, 2·72). The odds of WI were lower in households with medium (OR = 0·74; 95 % CI: 0·61, 0·9) to high (OR = 0·45; 95 % CI: 0·37, 0·55) asset scores. WI also depended on the region of Mexico. FI is more prevalent in indigenous people (OR = 1·29; 95 % CI: 1·05, 1·59) and rural households (OR = 0·42; 95 % CI: 1·16, 1·73). Notably, wealth and household size did not contribute directly to FI but did so indirectly through the mediating factor of WI.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study shows that there are structural factors that form part of the varied determinants of WI, which in turn is closely linked to FI.</p>","PeriodicalId":20951,"journal":{"name":"Public Health Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"e30"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11822583/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142954029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The global burden of cancer attributable to dietary factors from 1990 to 2019.","authors":"Jiping Xie, Jing Zhao","doi":"10.1017/S1368980024002489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1368980024002489","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To analyze the global cancer burden associated with dietary factors across 204 countries and regions from 1990 to 2019.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A population-based study.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Global Burden of Disease Study.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>Using data from the 2019 global burden of disease, we calculated Population Attributable Fractions (PAFs), death and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). A comparative risk assessment framework was employed, along with estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 2019, approximately 6.01% of cancer mortality and 5.50% of DALY rates can be attributed to dietary risk factors, particularly low intake of whole grains, milk, and fruits and vegetables. The High Socio-Demographic Index (SDI) region had the highest cancer mortality and DALY PAFs, mainly due to high consumption of red and processed meats, while the Low SDI region showed the highest PAFs from low fruit and vegetable consumption. In 2019, the High-middle SDI region had the highest age-standardized death rate (ASDR) and DALY rate attributable to dietary factors. Among geographic regions, Southern Latin America had the highest ASDR, and Central Europe had the highest age-standardized DALY rate. At the country level, Mongolia exhibited the highest rates for both ASDR and DALYs attributable to dietary risks. From 1990 to 2019, the largest increase in ASDR was observed in Western Sub-Saharan Africa, with Bulgaria showing the largest country-specific increase. Similarly, the largest increase in the age-standardized DALY rate was seen in Western Sub-Saharan Africa, with Lesotho experiencing the highest increase at the country level.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings underscored the importance of increasing the consumption of whole grains, milk, and calcium, which can inform global dietary guidelines and cancer prevention strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":20951,"journal":{"name":"Public Health Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"1-23"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142954099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nourishing change in Houston, Texas: exploring grocery shopping behaviours and fruit and vegetable consumption among low-income families in the Brighter Bites program.","authors":"Victoria Kwentua, Allison Marshall, Ru-Jye Chuang, Jessica Chen, Christine Markham, Mallika Mathur, Mike Pomeroy, Megan Hall, Shreela Sharma","doi":"10.1017/S136898002400260X","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S136898002400260X","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>We qualitatively examine the grocery shopping behaviours and fruit and vegetable consumption of low-income families participating in the Brighter Bites program in Houston, Texas.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>We used a single-group observational study design. We used (1) purposive sampling of schools and (2) convenience sampling of parents/caregivers to recruit participants. Research staff conducted three face-to-face qualitative focus groups in Spanish and English. Transcripts were coded using deductive and inductive reasoning.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Three elementary schools serving low-income families in Houston, Texas, in February-May of 2022.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>Brighter Bites parents/caregivers from the 2021-2022 school year.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three primary themes emerged: (1) child involvement in grocery shopping - most parents/caregivers shop with their children. Children sometimes bring their own grocery lists, select their produce or help by counting produce; (2) the importance of balancing quality and affordability of fruits and vegetables purchased - both when selecting stores and choosing produce; (3) exposure to new varieties and higher quality of fruits and vegetables through Brighter Bites programming - parents/caregivers reported purchasing new fruits and vegetables as a result of participating in Brighter Bites.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Findings can inform nutrition education programming and policies targeting fruit and vegetable consumption for low-income families. Child involvement may be a good target for nutrition-based behaviour change programs. Nutrition programs and policies should consider both produce affordability and quality. Exposure and opportunities to try new fruits and vegetables can lead to future purchases of new produce. Findings can also inform grocery stores' efforts to understand low-income families' purchasing habits, preferences and priorities.</p>","PeriodicalId":20951,"journal":{"name":"Public Health Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"e40"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11822602/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142954032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New Mexico's aggressive plan to end child food insecurity and hunger through universal school meals policy adoption.","authors":"Olivia M Thompson","doi":"10.1017/S1368980024002726","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1368980024002726","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20951,"journal":{"name":"Public Health Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"e32"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11822569/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142954031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Healthy eating interventions conducted in small, local restaurants and hot food takeaways: a systematic review.","authors":"Cinja Jostock, Hannah Forde, Nia Roberts, Susan A Jebb, Rachel Pechey, Lauren Bandy","doi":"10.1017/S1368980025000035","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1368980025000035","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This systematic review investigates the characteristics, effectiveness and acceptability of interventions to encourage healthier eating in small, independent restaurants and takeaways.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>We searched five databases (CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL and Science Citation Index and Social Science Citation Index) in June 2022. Eligible studies had to measure changes in sales, availability, nutritional quality, portion sizes or dietary intake of interventions targeting customer behaviour or restaurant environments. We evaluated study quality using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Results are synthesised narratively, and interventions' impact on personal autonomy is assessed using the Nuffield intervention ladder.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Small, independent or local restaurants or hot food takeaway outlets, with no restrictions by year or country.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>Anyone selling or purchasing food in intervention settings (e.g. restaurant staff/owners, customers).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We screened 4624 records and included 12 studies describing 13 interventions in 351 businesses. Most studies were of poor quality. Customer-level intervention components mostly operated on the lower rungs of the Nuffield ladder, and most had limited positive effects on increasing demand, measured as sales or orders of healthy options. Whilst rare, most interventions measuring business outcomes operated on higher ladder rungs and showed small positive results. There was insufficient evidence to investigate differences in impact by intervention intrusiveness. Acceptability was greater for interventions that were low-effort, inexpensive and perceived as not negatively impacting on customer satisfaction.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Despite some evidence of small positive effects of healthy eating interventions on healthier purchases or restaurant/hot food takeaway practices, a weak evidence base hinders robust inference.</p>","PeriodicalId":20951,"journal":{"name":"Public Health Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"e24"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11822606/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142954027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"'Will my fingerprint be enough?': secondary school students struggle to purchase a healthy, tasty and sustainable meal on the UK free school meal allowance.","authors":"Sundus Mahdi, Annie Connolly, Bob Doherty, Maria Bryant","doi":"10.1017/S1368980024002593","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1368980024002593","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Free school meals (FSM) are a crucial form of support for families. This study aimed to investigate whether the FSM allowance can provide what is perceived to be, healthy, sustainable and satisfying food.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A mixed methods study incorporating co-production, citizen science and participatory approaches was conducted. Citizen scientists were given a daily budget equivalent to the FSM allowance and asked to purchase a 'tasty, healthy and sustainable' school lunch for a week. Alongside keeping records of available and purchased foods, young people engaged in focus groups to capture information on perceptions of food offered and FSM allowance adequacy.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Secondary schools in Yorkshire, UK.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>Citizen scientists (<i>n</i> 42) aged 11-15 years across seven schools.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Obstacles were faced in obtaining sustainable and healthful meals when restricted to an FSM allowance. Reasons included restrictions in what could be purchased due to costs, limitations in the use of allowances that restricted breaktime purchases leading to hunger, inadequate portion sizes, systemic barriers like hurried lunch breaks that encourage 'grab and go' options and broken water fountains that led students to purchase bottled drinks. Findings were reinforced by descriptive food record data.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings suggest that schools would benefit from national policies to address the lack of funding, infrastructure issues and capacity to support optimal provision of food to those on FSM as well as provide greater flexibility in how pupils use their allowance. Young people verified these findings, which they presented to policymakers at a parliamentary event.</p>","PeriodicalId":20951,"journal":{"name":"Public Health Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"e19"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7617354/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142954024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measuring child food poverty: understanding the gap to achieving minimum dietary diversity.","authors":"Sebastian Vollmer, Arnaud Laillou, Nora Albers, Simeon Nanama","doi":"10.1017/S1368980025000023","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1368980025000023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study is to analyse complementary feeding practices, to assess the extent to which minimum dietary diversity (MDD) recommendations are being met in the population studied and to study factors that influence the achievement of MDD.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>We pooled individual level data form the Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) and Multi Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS). We apply methods from poverty measurement to identify individual gaps towards achieving MDD. We further identify food groups that separate children who achieve MDD from those who do not.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>West and Central Africa.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>62 257 children aged between 6 and 23 months.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>82·0 per cent of children do not achieve MDD and on average are lacking 2·5 out of five required food groups. For 19·0 per cent of children, the gap to MDD is one food group and for 23·7 per cent of children the gap is two food groups. Consumption of eggs, other fruits and vegetables as well as legumes and nuts is particularly low among children who are not achieving MDD. More than 90·0 per cent of children who do not achieve MDD do not consume these food groups compared to around half of children who achieve MDD.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Overall MDD is low, but there is large potential for improving MDD achievement if food consumption can be increased by one or two food groups. Available, affordable and culturally accepted food groups are identified that could be prioritised in interventions to close this gap.</p>","PeriodicalId":20951,"journal":{"name":"Public Health Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"e27"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11822586/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142954030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decreased frequency of sugar-sweetened beverages intake among young children following the implementation of the health promotion levy in South Africa.","authors":"H Salome Kruger, Tertia van Zyl, Makama A Monyeki, Cristian Ricci, Ruan Kruger","doi":"10.1017/S1368980024002623","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1368980024002623","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study assessed the association between baseline sociodemographic variables, body composition and 4-year changes in the intake of food groups, including sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) among children, after the implementation of the health promotion levy.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Prospective cohort study.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Ten schools in North West Province, South Africa.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>950 children aged 5-9 years at baseline and data of 672 children at follow-up. The frequency of intake from healthy and unhealthy food groups was assessed by questionnaire. Anthropometric and sociodemographic information were collected; BMI-for-age z-scores were calculated. The health promotion levy was implemented after baseline and follow-up measurements were done after 4 years. A random intercept generalised linear mixed model analysis was applied to investigate the time effect of the weekly intake of the foods adjusting for BMI-for-age z-scores and sociodemographic characteristics of the children.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The weekly frequency of intake from most food groups remained unchanged at follow-up. The frequency of SSB intake decreased significantly over 4 years. Decreased intake of SSB was not linked to increased intake of healthy foods. Changes in intakes from SSB were not associated with household income, parental education or BMI-for-age z-score categories. A decreased frequency of intake from SSB was observed following the implementation of the health promotion levy after baseline, in line with reports of national decreases in SSB sales in South Africa since 2017.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The decreased frequency of SSB intakes following the implementation of the health promotion levy in South Africa may indicate that health policies can promote healthier dietary habits.</p>","PeriodicalId":20951,"journal":{"name":"Public Health Nutrition","volume":"28 1","pages":"e23"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11822614/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143029416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}