Reactive & Functional Polymers最新文献

{"title":"Carbonized polymer dots-based room temperature phosphorescence composites for anti-counterfeiting and white light-emitting diodes","authors":"Yajie Zhang ,&nbsp;Chuan Huang ,&nbsp;Xingyuan Liao ,&nbsp;Saiyaer Sidike ,&nbsp;Mingming Guo ,&nbsp;Yichuan Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2025.106399","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2025.106399","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carbonized polymer dots (CPDs) have been studied extensively for room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) due to their low cost, good biocompatibility and crosslink-enhanced emission effect. Although considerable achievements have been reached in recent years, it is still a formidable task to prepare long-lived RTP CPDs. Herein, the Arg-CPDs was introduced into a rigid boric acid (BA) matrix to enhance the RTP lifetime of the Arg-CPDs@BA composites. The nitrogen-rich arginine framework integrated with phosphorus doping enhances spin-orbit coupling and accelerates the intersystem crossing and promotes the generation of triplet excitons. The formed C<img>B covalent bond between Arg-CPDs and rigid B₂O₃ matrix restricts the vibration and rotation of CPDs, thus inhibiting the non-radiative transition of the triplet excitons and making the composite exhibit a relatively long-lived RTP emission of 983 ms (18 s for naked eyes). It was nearly seven times longer than that of the matrix-free Arg-CPDs. Besides, the potential applications in anti-counterfeiting and white light-emitting diodes were demonstrated.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20916,"journal":{"name":"Reactive & Functional Polymers","volume":"216 ","pages":"Article 106399"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144588687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanochemistry, deep eutectic solvents and dynamic cross-linking strategies are combined to achieve the one-step preparation of stalk plastics","authors":"Tengfei Han,&nbsp;Shufen Zhang,&nbsp;Benzhi Ju","doi":"10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2025.106400","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2025.106400","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Stalk is an important biomass resource and converting it directly into high value-added products is a major challenge. Herein, we have cleverly utilized three novel techniques, mechanochemistry, Deep eutectic solvents (DES), and dynamic cross-linking, to achieve one-step in-situ plasticization of virtually worthless corn stalk into reprocessable thermoset plastics. This preparation strategy has many advantages, such as cheap and easy availability of raw materials, no need for catalysts, no need for pretreatment of raw materials, and no need for separation and purification of products. The stalk plastics have good mechanical strength, thermal stability, plasticity and reprocessability. In addition, cellulose plastic was prepared as a control experiment for stalk plastic, and the constitutive relationship between the structure of various components in stalk and the performance of plastic was deeply investigated. This strategy of developing new plastics from agricultural and forestry waste in a simple and environmentally friendly way will open up a whole new avenue for the production of more competitive bio-based plastics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20916,"journal":{"name":"Reactive & Functional Polymers","volume":"216 ","pages":"Article 106400"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144571080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resveratrol/POSS-based polymethacrylates for DLP 3D printing and fluorescent anti-counterfeiting","authors":"Wenxiu Chen,&nbsp;Youzhi Zeng,&nbsp;Zaoxia Wen,&nbsp;Linxuan Fang,&nbsp;Lianbin Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2025.106397","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2025.106397","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A trifunctional methacrylate monomer (REM) was synthesized from biomass resveratrol to address the need for sustainable resins in digital light processing (DLP) 3D printing. The polymer properties were optimized by incorporating methacryloxypropyl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (MA-POSS) with different mass fractions. Light-curing biobased materials (REM/POSS) exhibited enhanced thermal stability and dielectric properties. The REM/POSS-30 % composite showed a low dielectric constant (<em>D</em>_k = 2.90 at 14.2 GHz) and excellent thermal stability. Compared to commercial bisphenol A-based resins (MEP), REM/POSS-0 % demonstrated superior comprehensive performance. The stilbene structure of resveratrol in REM/POSS polymers provided strong blue fluorescence under UV light, suggesting potential for information storage and encryption. The successful fabrication of complex structures confirmed the compatibility of REM/POSS with DLP 3D printing, offering a promising alternative to petroleum-based materials in both 3D printing and anti-counterfeiting applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20916,"journal":{"name":"Reactive & Functional Polymers","volume":"216 ","pages":"Article 106397"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144597517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bio-based dicoumarin-containing benzoxazine resin: Synthesis, photo-thermal polymerization and thermal stability","authors":"Lei Chen,&nbsp;Yin Lu,&nbsp;Kan Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2025.106396","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2025.106396","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the increasing awareness of environmental protection, considerable efforts are now devoted into bio-derived material fabrication. Through utilization of renewable biomass aligning with green chemistry principles, various sustainable materials have been prepared. In the current study, an innovative benzoxazine monomer containing dual coumarin moieties was successfully prepared through Mannich condensation using 4-methylumbelliferone (bio-phenolic precursor) and 7-amino-4-methylcoumarin (bio-amine component). The molecular architecture integrates photoreactive coumarin moieties, enabling dual photo-thermal curing capability. Structural validation via ¹H/¹³C NMR and FT-IR spectroscopy confirmed the monomer integrity. Real-time UV–Vis spectroscopy monitoring indicated an 81 % conversion of the [2π + 2π] cycloaddition reaction following 2 h of UV irradiation (λ = 365 nm). The photopolymerized benzoxazine precursor shows a 5.4 °C curing temperature depression comparing to unphotopolymerized monomer. Complementary in-situ FT-IR analyses and DSC elucidated thermal-initiated ring-opening polymerization, demonstrating temperature-dependent conversion profiles. The polybenzoxazine prepared through photo-thermal polymerization shows higher thermal stability than solely thermal polymerized one. Through molecular design, this work realizes photo-thermal synergistic curing of bio-based benzoxazine resins, proposing an innovative approach to develop thermosetting materials that integrate low-energy processing, high heat resistance, and environmental sustainability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20916,"journal":{"name":"Reactive & Functional Polymers","volume":"216 ","pages":"Article 106396"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144535938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modification of polyamide nanofiltration membranes with green Dragon's blood natural resin: Improvement in permselectivity and antifouling properties","authors":"Bahriye Eryildiz-Yesir ,&nbsp;Başak Keskin ,&nbsp;Ahmad Dehqan ,&nbsp;Sri Mulyati ,&nbsp;Nasrul Arahman ,&nbsp;Ismail Koyuncu ,&nbsp;Vahid Vatanpour","doi":"10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2025.106398","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2025.106398","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, dragon blood resin (DBR), which is a novel green and antibacterial bio-additive, was used to fabricate thin-film composite (TFC) nanofiltration (NF) membranes with improved antifouling and membrane performance properties. Pure water flux (PWF), different salt solution fluxes (Na₂SO₄ and NaCl), rejection, flux recovery rate (<em>FRR</em>), and long-term tests were carried out to assess the membrane performance and antifouling properties. Compared to bare TFC NF membranes, DBR-doped TFC NF membranes showed higher hydrophilicity, rougher surface layer, and higher negative charge. The 0.005 DBR NF membrane indicated the highest pure water, Na₂SO₄, and NaCl solution permeabilities of 67.9, 62.3 and 63.9 LMH, respectively. DBR-doped NF membranes showed the best desalination performance with NaCl, Na₂SO₄, and MgSO₄ rejections of 51.3 %, 97.3 %, and 93.2 %, respectively. In addition, long-term studies have shown that DBR-doped NF membranes exhibit an 8 % flux decrease toward the HA/Na₂SO₄ solution fouling. The DBR TFC NF membrane displayed antibacterial activity against <em>E.coli and S. aureus</em> and showed antifouling characteristics, resulting in a notable reduction in fouling resistance parameters and a marked improvement in the antifouling performance of the bare TFC NF membrane. As a result, the findings showed that DBR was a superior and efficient novel bio-based additive for modifying the TFC NF membrane.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20916,"journal":{"name":"Reactive & Functional Polymers","volume":"216 ","pages":"Article 106398"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144571980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reactive and non-reactive compatibilization of polyethylene terephthalate glycol/thermoplastic polyurethane (PETG/TPU) blends for 3D/4D printing applications","authors":"Válmer Azevedo de Sousa Filho ,&nbsp;Marcela Cristine de Alencar Lira ,&nbsp;Ryan Lucas Pereira Bonfim ,&nbsp;Rafael Braga da Cunha ,&nbsp;Shirley Nóbrega Cavalcanti ,&nbsp;Louise Brasileiro Quirino Brito ,&nbsp;Pankaj Agrawal ,&nbsp;Gustavo de Figueiredo Brito ,&nbsp;Tomás Jeferson Alves de Mélo","doi":"10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2025.106393","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2025.106393","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent years, research on 3D and 4D printing has experienced rapid growth due to its vast potential for applications across multiple fields. Polymer blends of polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG) and thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) have emerged as promising candidates for such applications. PETG offers good shape fixity but limited recovery capability, whereas TPU, as an elastomer, provides excellent shape recovery but poor fixity. Therefore, blending PETG with TPU presents a strategic approach to balancing these complementary shape memory characteristics. However, the immiscibility between PETG and TPU can limit the overall performance of their blends. To address this, compatibilizers can be employed to enhance interfacial adhesion and stabilize blend morphology. This study explores reactive and non-reactive compatibilization strategies for PETG and polycaprolactone-based TPU blends, aiming for 3D/4D printing applications. Three compatibilizers were evaluated: styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene (SEBS), maleic anhydride-functionalized SEBS (SEBS-MA), and ethylene-glycidyl methacrylate (<em>E</em>-GMA). The blends were prepared via melt blending, extruded into filaments, and used to print test specimens. Comprehensive analyses were conducted to assess shape memory behavior, as well as chemical, rheological, morphological, and mechanical properties. The results demonstrated that all compatibilizers enhanced both the shape memory effect and mechanical performance of PETG/TPU blends. Notably, reactive compatibilization using <em>E</em>-GMA yielded the most significant improvements. Compared to uncompatibilized blends, the E-GMA system exhibited a ∼ 12.7 % increase in shape recovery, along with enhancements in mechanical properties: Young's modulus increased by ∼20 %, tensile strength by ∼37 %, elongation at break by ∼550 %, and impact strength by ∼70 %, reaching values exceeding 650 J/m, characteristic of supertough polymers. These improvements were attributed to reduced interfacial tension, enhanced phase adhesion, and improved morphological stability in the compatibilized blends, resulting in superior printing quality. Overall, this study highlights the effectiveness of compatibilization, particularly reactive compatibilization, in improving the performance of immiscible polymer blends for advanced 3D/4D printing applications, paving the way for the development of high-performance material systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20916,"journal":{"name":"Reactive & Functional Polymers","volume":"215 ","pages":"Article 106393"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144522993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Controlling the solvent, surfactant and ion-regulated swelling and elastic response of anionically-modified poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-based hybrids through simultaneous macromolecular crowding","authors":"Birgul Kalkan ,&nbsp;Nermin Orakdogen","doi":"10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2025.106394","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2025.106394","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An investigation is presented on how the ion specificities of anionically-modified thermosensitive hybrid systems formed by covalently cross-linked chains in presence of macromolecular crowding agent are affected by ion-pairing interactions. The effects of divalent and monovalent cations on poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-<em>co</em>-methacrylic acid)/polyacrylamide gels having controlled physical/mechanical properties were quantitatively investigated. A systematic investigation on solvent-composition induced transition of thermosensitive hybrids was performed in water–organic solvent (acetone, methanol, ethanol, and 2-propanol) mixtures. The volume fraction of solvent at which swelling of hybrids is minimum in co-nonsolvency zone varied and based on hydrophobicity and carbon chain length of alcohol, the swelling followed decreasing order; methanol &gt; ethanol &gt;2-propanol. The increase in both salt concentration and PAAm content in the precursor solution resulted in “salting out” behavior. The swelling was higher in presence of Cl⁻ anions compared to SO₄²⁻ anions and followed decreasing order for cations: Na⁺ &gt; K⁺ &gt; Mg²⁺. Salt-treatment caused significant changes in elasticity and swelling, while the elasticity of hybrids was correlated with alteration of salt concentration upon swelling in presence of kosmotropic ions. Surfactants interacted with hybrid system strongly enough to change the macroscopic properties. The swelling was lowest in cationic cetyl trimethylammonium bromide and cetyltrimethylammonium chloride solutions, while a greater swelling was observed in anionic sodium dodecylsulfonate solutions. A perspective for the molecular-specific nature of anionically modified poly(N-alkylacrylamide)-based hybrids is presented for potential applications to evaluate a wide range of surfactant, solvent and salt interactions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20916,"journal":{"name":"Reactive & Functional Polymers","volume":"215 ","pages":"Article 106394"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144517375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stretchable, compressible, and thermo-responsive hydrogel for hot work in oil pipelines","authors":"Ziteng Yang ,&nbsp;Ruixuan Ni ,&nbsp;Jie Qi ,&nbsp;Yong Zhang ,&nbsp;Xingyu Lin ,&nbsp;Li Wang ,&nbsp;Zheng Zhang ,&nbsp;Hongsheng Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2025.106395","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2025.106395","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hydrogels can temporarily plug oil pipelines, ensuring the safety of hot work. However, hydrogels are prone to fragmentation during the injection, and the chemical hydrogels are often difficult to completely remove from the oil pipeline. Herein, we prepared a stretchable, compressible, and thermo-responsive hydrogel through the 6-aminouracil-modified copolymerization of acrylamide acrylic acid (AUP) with melamine (MEL). The rheological results indicate the hydrogel exhibits tunable mechanical strength and self-recovery. The maximum tensile strength and elongation of the hydrogel containing 25 g/L MEL are 5.19 kPa and 237.6 %, respectively. Moreover, the tensile Young's modulus and the toughness of the hydrogel are measured at 3.30 kPa and 7.07 kJ/m³, respectively. The thermo-responsive properties of the hydrogel indicate that they can easily dissolve due to the hydrogen bonds. The hydrogel demonstrates exceptional flame-retardant properties, ensuring the safety of hot work. When the plugging length of hydrogel in the simulated pipeline reached 50 cm, the maximum resistance pressure was 117.3 kPa, indicating an effective plugging capability. Furthermore, the hydrogel injected into the oil-coated pipeline can displace the residual oil, significantly reducing the residual oil content in the plugging area, thereby further ensuring the safety of hot work. The hydrogel with a plugging length of 20 cm was completely removed in approximately 40 min with 70 °C hot water. The stretchable, compressible, and thermo-responsive hydrogel can effectively plug oil pipelines and can be rapidly removed by injecting hot water, thereby ensuring the implementation of hot work and enhancing the efficiency of pipeline repair and replacement.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20916,"journal":{"name":"Reactive & Functional Polymers","volume":"215 ","pages":"Article 106395"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144517376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecularly imprinted polymer systems for the controlled release of naphthoquinone derivatives with antimicrobial activity","authors":"Vanessa Galván-Romero ,&nbsp;Fernando Gonzalez-Salazar ,&nbsp;Karla Vargas-Berrones ,&nbsp;Francisco Castro Flores ,&nbsp;Blanca Nohemí Zamora Mendoza ,&nbsp;Denisse Atenea de Loera Carrera ,&nbsp;Fidel Martínez Gutiérrez ,&nbsp;Luz Eugenia Alcántara-Quintana ,&nbsp;Rogelio Flores-Ramírez","doi":"10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2025.106388","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2025.106388","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to synthesize, characterize, and evaluate molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) as drug delivery systems for naphthoquinone (NQ) derivatives. MIPs were synthesized using non-covalent bulk and <em>co</em>-precipitation polymerization methods, employing lactic acid (LA) and methacrylic acid (MA) as functional monomers and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as a crosslinker. The quantification of 3-chloro-2-tyrosine-1,4-naphthoquinone (Cl-NQ-TYR) and 2-tyrosine-1,4-naphthoquinone (NQ-TYR) was performed using liquid chromatography with a diode array detector. The method demonstrated excellent linearity (R² = 0.99) within the working range (0.5–10 mg L⁻¹) and acceptable precision, with intra-day (CV: 0.62–2.14 % and 1–4.27 %) and inter-day (CV: 0.18–1.76 % and 0.62–5.46 %) variation for Cl-NQ-TYR and NQ-TYR, respectively. MIPs synthesized with MA exhibited the highest retention rates (99.53 % and 98.58 %). Electrostatic interactions influenced drug release properties, with zero charge points of 3.8 and 4.7, indicating that polymer ionization at higher pH values enhances drug release. All MIPs achieved imprinting factors above one (1.18–1.89), indicating that the molecular imprinting process was successful. The release profile showed an initial burst followed by sustained release over 24 h, with Cl-NQ-TYR MIP (MA, bulk) exhibiting the highest release rate, fitting best with the Korsmeyer-Peppas model. Antimicrobial activity against <em>Escherichia coli</em> (minimum inhibitory concentration, MIC: 12.5 μg mL ⁻¹) and <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> (MIC: 3.12 μg mL⁻¹) was attributed to released NQ derivatives. MIPs demonstrated biocompatibility with dermal fibroblasts, highlighting their suitability for medical applications. These results position MIPs as a promising platform for the safe and effective delivery of therapeutic agents in biomedical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20916,"journal":{"name":"Reactive & Functional Polymers","volume":"215 ","pages":"Article 106388"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144490910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heterocyclic self-curing phthalonitrile resins","authors":"Loren C. Brown ,&nbsp;Cole R. Davis ,&nbsp;Andrew T. Kerr ,&nbsp;Matthew Laskoski","doi":"10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2025.106383","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2025.106383","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A new class of self-curing phthalonitrile (PN) resins composed of various heterocycles is detailed. The heterocyclic-imine PN (HIPN) resins were synthesized utilizing methanol at ambient temperature and polar aprotic solvents acetone or dimethyl sulfoxide. Characterization of the resins was conducted via proton (¹H) and carbon (¹³C) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), mechanical analysis (torsion), single crystal X-ray diffraction (SCXRD), and rheometry. The HIPN resins were self-curing due to the heterocycle, imine, and PN moieties present and displayed a range of viscosities from 146 to 1295 cP at 200 °C. The resulting HIPN polymers were prepared by post-curing to 380 °C and exhibited excellent thermal stability up to a 76 % char yield at 1000 °C. The cured HIPN polymers displayed improved mechanical performance in comparison to rival PN systems with storage moduli near 1600 MPa. This combination of properties suggests the HIPN resins are excellent materials for thermomechanical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20916,"journal":{"name":"Reactive & Functional Polymers","volume":"215 ","pages":"Article 106383"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144523159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}