Reactive & Functional Polymers最新文献

{"title":"Double electrostatic charge dissipate mechanism significant improvement in antistatic performance of polyetherimide film: Synthesis of PEI/ZnO by in situ vapor phase infiltration","authors":"Weike Wang ,&nbsp;Zhen Jia ,&nbsp;Pengchao Su ,&nbsp;Xuelian Zhang ,&nbsp;Jiankang Zhu ,&nbsp;Jing Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2025.106479","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2025.106479","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Maintaining the matching mode between the dopant molecules and the polymer matrix is the key to achieving efficient and stable antistatic modification of polymers. Practically, the antistatic properties of polymers gradually decrease with the settling and desorption of dopant molecules, thus, the maintenance of a stable bond between the dopant molecules and the polymer matrix is a significant challenge. In this study, for overcoming abovementioned problem, the polyetherimide (PEI) film is in situ modified to obtain the PEI/ZnO hybrid film with great antistatic property via the in situ top-down vapor phase infiltration (VPI) process of diethylzinc (DEZ) and H₂O molecules. And the reaction between precursor DEZ molecules and functional groups among the polymer backbone can form a distinctive chemical bond between the dopant molecules and the polymer matrix. Based on the unique reaction mechanism involved in VPI process, the properties of the modified polymer were adjusted by regulating the number of infiltration cycle, which thus realized the product suitability and stability. The results show that the conductivity of the PEI/ZnO hybrid material could reach 2.44 × 10⁻⁶ S cm⁻¹, indicating that the modified polymer acquired excellent antistatic properties. The VPI process constructs dual conductive pathways inside and on the surface of modified polymers, endowing them with both surface conducting and intrinsic conducting electrostatic charge dissipation modes. Moreover, and the dual discharge mechanism significantly improves the rate of electrostatic charge dissipation in the polymer, thus exhibiting great potential under various environmental conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20916,"journal":{"name":"Reactive & Functional Polymers","volume":"217 ","pages":"Article 106479"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145046404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ferric metal-organic frameworks (MOFs)-based electrospinning fibers for supercapacitors","authors":"Hani Nasser Abdelhamid ,&nbsp;Samar A. Salim","doi":"10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2025.106466","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2025.106466","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ferric-based metal-organic frameworks (Fe-MOFs) were synthesized and incorporated into poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) using electrospinning to produce PMMA_Fe-MOF nanofibers. The materials were analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), attenuated total reflectance Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The electrospun materials were directly integrated into nickel foam (NF) electrodes for energy storage applications, e.g., supercapacitors. The electrochemical performance was assessed using cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic charge-discharge curves (GCDC), linear sweep voltammetry (LSV), and electrochemical potentiokinetic reactivation (EPR). The PMMA_Fe-MOF electrodes exhibited outstanding capacitive performance, achieving specific capacitances of up to 1017.5 F/g at 1 A/g for the 2.5 % Fe-MOF loading. Our findings highlights the promise of electrospun Fe-MOF-based composites as high-performance electrode materials for supercapacitors, featuring a straightforward, binder-free manufacturing procedure. The materials' structural stability and electrochemical characteristics indicate potential use in energy storage applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20916,"journal":{"name":"Reactive & Functional Polymers","volume":"217 ","pages":"Article 106466"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145020355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiosensitizing effects of olaparib nanoparticles modified by Bifidobacterium antibodies on lung cancer","authors":"Yang Yang ,&nbsp;Yingqi Gu ,&nbsp;Min Wu ,&nbsp;Xiaoyin Zhang ,&nbsp;Jinfeng Rong ,&nbsp;Zhouxue Wu ,&nbsp;Yue Chen ,&nbsp;Shaozhi Fu ,&nbsp;Jingbo Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2025.106464","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2025.106464","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Local hypoxia within solid tumors significantly impedes therapeutic efficacy. Hypoxia-targeted therapies have emerged as powerful strategies to overcome treatment resistance. This study exploits the ability of <em>Bifidobacterium infantis</em> (Bif) to actively colonize hypoxic tumor regions, in conjunction with the radiosensitizing properties of the PARP inhibitor olaparib (Ola). This study developed MPEG-PCL-COS (Methoxy Polyethylene Glycol-Polycaprolactone-Chitosan Oligosaccharide) nanocarriers for the preparation of Ola nanoparticles (Ola-NPs) and Ola-NPs modified with bifidobacterium-specific antibodies (Ab-Ola-NPs). This method facilitates the targeted delivery of nanoparticles to lung cancer cells, resulting in improved therapeutic outcomes when combined with radiotherapy (RT). The experimental results indicate that Ola-NPs exhibit a superior in vivo sensitization enhancement ratio (SER) of 4. The active targeting capability of Ab-Ola-NPs significantly inhibits lung cancer tumor growth and extends the survival time of mice to 42 days. The enhanced therapeutic effect is attributed to the radiosensitizing properties of Ola-NPs in targeting hypoxic tumor regions, with mechanisms involving apoptosis, cell proliferation, and DNA damage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20916,"journal":{"name":"Reactive & Functional Polymers","volume":"217 ","pages":"Article 106464"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145010872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carbon nanotube-enhanced photothermal conversion thermosensitive hydrogel for solar water evaporation: Preparation and performance","authors":"Dongrui Ji ,&nbsp;Baolian Zhang ,&nbsp;Fuzhuang Jia ,&nbsp;Aiying Wei ,&nbsp;Yingmin Yuan ,&nbsp;Hongbin Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2025.106462","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2025.106462","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Harnessing solar photothermal conversion for water evaporation presents an effective approach to addressing freshwater scarcity while minimizing environmental impact. This study employed carbon nanotubes as photothermal conversion materials to design and fabricate a composite thermosensitive hydrogel exhibiting high swelling capacity, excellent salt resistance, and efficient photothermal conversion for solar-driven water evaporation. Furthermore, the effects of carboxylated carbon nanotubes (CNT-COOH) and hydroxylated carbon nanotubes (CNT-OH) on the hydrogel's properties were systematically investigated. Results demonstrate that the composite hydrogel utilizing CNT-COOH as the photothermal conversion material delivered optimal overall performance, exhibiting superior mechanical properties and optimal photothermal conversion capability. It achieved swelling ratios of 385.2 g/g in pure water and 58.3 g/g in saline water, rapidly attaining swelling equilibrium within approximately 200 min. Combined with its thermosensitive property, the material reduces the enthalpy of water evaporation from 2441.5 J/g to 1687.3 J/g. Under 1 kW/m² solar irradiation, the hydrogel achieved evaporation rates of 2.35 kg m⁻² h⁻¹ in pure water and 1.71 kg m⁻² h⁻¹ in saline water, both exceeding the theoretical limit of solar water evaporation (1.46 kg m⁻² h⁻¹), demonstrating its exceptional evaporation performance. Additionally, the material demonstrated outstanding stability, self-cleaning properties, and salt tolerance during cyclic evaporation testing. This work provides a robust theoretical foundation and technical basis for developing hydrogel evaporators with high salt resistance, high swellability, and long-term durability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20916,"journal":{"name":"Reactive & Functional Polymers","volume":"217 ","pages":"Article 106462"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144933860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomimetic leaf wax layer self-healing superhydrophobic MOF sponge with dual applications: High-capacity oil adsorption and efficient cationic dye elimination","authors":"Yukai Huang,&nbsp;Tong Zou,&nbsp;Wenyu Wang,&nbsp;Ruoyu Chen,&nbsp;Qian Jia","doi":"10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2025.106461","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2025.106461","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, a multifunctional biomimetic self-healing superhydrophobic MOF sponge (HDTMS@UiO-66-NH₂@PDA@MS) was prepared for efficient oil-water separation and cationic dye wastewater removal. A PDA layer was formed on the surface of the sponge by DA oxidation and self-polymerization, and UiO-66-NH₂ was loaded onto the melamine sponge. To further enhance the hydrophobic properties of the MOF sponge, cetyltrimethoxysilane (HDTMS) is hydrolyzed and condensed to form a non-toxic layer of low surface energy polysiloxane adhesive on the surface of the sponge. The prepared modified sponge exhibited excellent superhydrophobicity (water contact angle of 156.2°), high oil adsorption capacity (73.2–164.7 g/g), and cationic dye removal rate (more than 95 %). Inspired by the self-heal mechanism of the wax layer on plant leaves, the modified sponge and can achieve rapid self-heal at 250 °C after simulated oxidative damage. In addition, the synergistic effects of excellent oil-water separation efficiency, reusability, environmental stability, self-cleaning capabilities make HDTMS@UiO-66-NH₂@PDA@MS a promising candidate for marine oil spill remediation and oily wastewater treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20916,"journal":{"name":"Reactive & Functional Polymers","volume":"217 ","pages":"Article 106461"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144926757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustained release polyurethane microcapsules by interfacial polycondensation using aromatic diols","authors":"Prashant Yadav ,&nbsp;Aniruddha Ravikumar ,&nbsp;Ashootosh V. Ambade ,&nbsp;Kadhiravan Shanmuganathan","doi":"10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2025.106460","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2025.106460","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Polyurea-urethane (PUU) microcapsules prepared via interfacial polymerization have gained significant interest due to their tunable size and membrane thickness, high loading efficiency, and scalability. Although several aromatic and aliphatic diols and polyols have been used to produce PU foams and films, the use of aromatic diols to synthesize PUU MICs via interfacial polymerization is an unexplored domain due to the restricted solubility of aromatic diols in water. This report highlights the successful preparation of PUU microcapsules using an aromatic diol (benzene-1,4-dimethanol, BDM) to encapsulate dimethyl phthalate (DMP), a model insect repellent. The developed PUU microcapsules exhibited a high % encapsulation efficiency of 92 % and a size range of 1–20 μm. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) thermograms revealed a significantly high glass transition temperature (T_g) of 143 °C as compared to 108 °C in the case of PUU MICs with aliphatic diols. Release studies confirm enhanced barrier properties for aromatic diol-based MICs as compared to aliphatic ethylene glycol-based PUU MICs, and interpretation of the release profile using the Weibull Model reveals that Fickian diffusion is the dominant mechanism in the release of DMP. These microcapsules can be used in high-performance applications such as composites, coatings, electronics, and construction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20916,"journal":{"name":"Reactive & Functional Polymers","volume":"216 ","pages":"Article 106460"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144912103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interfacial polymerization combined with etching: A novel surface modification method for ultrafiltration membranes","authors":"Shiwei Guo ,&nbsp;Xinlu Yan ,&nbsp;Junhou Zhang ,&nbsp;Liang Gou ,&nbsp;Yunjin Ma ,&nbsp;Hao Wang ,&nbsp;Chungang Yuan","doi":"10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2025.106459","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2025.106459","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a novel surface modification method for ultrafiltration membranes via interface polymerization combined with etching, with the objective of enhancing their separation performance and antifouling properties. Polyethersulfone (PES) ultrafiltration membranes were modified via interfacial polymerization of polyethylene glycol (PG) with trimesoyl chloride (TMC) to form a polyester separation layer. This was followed by alkaline etching, which served to remove the majority of the polyester layer, leaving a residual portion that was then employed to modify the membrane surface. The modified membranes displayed enhanced hydrophilicity and a diminished surface charge, which resulted in an elevated level of antifouling performance. The successful modification of the membranes was confirmed by physicochemical characterizations, including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and contact angle measurements, which also demonstrated an enhanced hydrophilicity. The results of the separation performance tests demonstrated that the modified membranes retained their original separation properties while exhibiting enhanced flux recovery rates following the introduction of fouling cycles. The results of the long-term stability tests demonstrated that the modified membranes retained their performance over an extended period, indicating their potential for practical applications. The findings of this study offer a promising approach to enhancing the performance of ultrafiltration membranes in industrial separation processes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20916,"journal":{"name":"Reactive & Functional Polymers","volume":"216 ","pages":"Article 106459"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144895454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hybrid polyurethane acrylate films via thiol–ene click and sol–gel reactions: Monomer-dependent structure–property relationships","authors":"Bilge Eren ,&nbsp;Sibel Taşpınar ,&nbsp;Rabia Balci ,&nbsp;Beyhan Erdoğan","doi":"10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2025.106452","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2025.106452","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study introduces a novel strategy for enhancing UV-curable polyurethane acrylate (PUA) coatings by integrating thiol–ene click chemistry with sol–gel processing. Hybrid polyurethane acrylate (HPUA) films were synthesized using biuret-type hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) and a pentaerythritol (PENTA) core, followed by end-capping with three structurally distinct acrylate monomers: 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA), and 2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate (HPMA). Subsequently, (3-mercaptopropyl)trimethoxysilane (MPTMS) was grafted onto the acrylate-terminated polymers via a thiol–ene click reaction under UV irradiation to introduce alkoxysilane groups for sol–gel hybridization. The objective was to investigate how monomer architecture influences the development of organic–inorganic networks and the resulting thermal, mechanical, and surface properties. FTIR spectral deconvolution confirmed enhanced hydrogen bonding and crosslinking, especially in HPMA-based systems. DSC and TGA results showed that HPMA–HPUA exhibited the highest glass transition temperature (<em>T</em>_g from −13.52 °C to 90.0 °C) and thermal stability (T₅₀ from 380 °C to 457 °C), attributed to improved interfacial compatibility with the silica network. Surface analyses revealed increased hardness and hydrophobicity after sol–gel modification, with contact angles rising up to 130°. This study establishes a clear structure–property relationship framework for monomer-dependent hybridization and presents a scalable approach for designing high-performance, UV-curable coatings with customizable thermal and mechanical properties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20916,"journal":{"name":"Reactive & Functional Polymers","volume":"216 ","pages":"Article 106452"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144912102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation and properties of highly electrically conductive and heat-resistant crosslinked polyimide-polypyrrole","authors":"Pan He ,&nbsp;Jinghua Tan ,&nbsp;Jie Huang ,&nbsp;Jieping Guo ,&nbsp;Penghao Yu ,&nbsp;Yue Chen ,&nbsp;Yiwu Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2025.106458","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2025.106458","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the growing interest in high-temperature conductive applications, the demand for electrical conductive polyimides (PIs) has surged. However, the existing conductive PIs still remain challenges in achieving a balance between high conductivity and good thermal performance. To obtain PI simultaneously exhibiting superior conductivity and thermal properties, in this study, a diamine (5-POPDA) bearing pyrrole moiety was prepared and subsequently polycondensed with 4,4′-(hexafluoroisopropylidene) diphthalic anhydride (6FDA) to yield poly(amic acid) (5-POPPAA). After being ionized, the 5-POPPAA was combined with dopants and pyrrole monomers to create a suspension, which was subsequently put through an electrophoretic deposition procedure. In the procedure, the 5-POPPAA film was deposited, and simultaneous electrochemical polymerization occurred between suspended pyrrole monomers and pendant pyrrole groups of 5-POPPAA to form polypyrrole (PPy). This resulted in the crosslinked 5-POPPAA-PPy, which was chemical imidized to yield crosslinked 5-POPPI-PPy. The creation of extended π-conjugated PPy structure resulted in a large conductivity of 10.53 S/cm for 5-POPPI-PPy. Additionally, 5-POPPI-PPy demonstrated excellent thermal stability with 5 % and 10 % weight-loss temperatures (<em>T</em>_<em>d5%</em> and <em>T</em>_{<em>d10%</em>}) of 453 °C and 479 °C, respectively, benefiting from the covalent crosslinking between the 5-POPPI and PPy molecular chains. Moreover, the crosslinked 5-POPPI-PPy film exhibited good mechanical characteristics and remarkable high-temperature conductivity retention. While pure PPy lost its conductivity by being annealed at 250 °C, 5-POPPI-PPy retained a conductivity of 6.23 S/cm. This study offers insightful theoretical information for the development of conductive PIs tailored for conductive applications in high temperature.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20916,"journal":{"name":"Reactive & Functional Polymers","volume":"216 ","pages":"Article 106458"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144895455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polyurethane elastomer-based composites containing innovative hybrid fillers with tailored mechanical properties and enhanced bioactivity","authors":"Przemysław Bartczak ,&nbsp;Agata Domańska ,&nbsp;Filip Ciesielczyk ,&nbsp;Łukasz Ławniczak ,&nbsp;Monika Basiura-Cembala ,&nbsp;Weronika Badzińska ,&nbsp;Sławomir Borysiak","doi":"10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2025.106453","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2025.106453","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The study presents previously unreported line of the research concerning preparation of polyurethane elastomer-based composites containing newly synthesized hybrid fillers of CuO-ZrO₂ and ZnO-ZrO₂ type. The idea behind the selection of materials was dictated by the mechanical durability of ZrO₂ as well antimicrobial activity of ZnO and CuO. The first stage of experimental approach included synthesis of hybrid fillers utilizing a modified sol-gel method which enables the formation of materials with expected chemical composition, unique morphological and structural characteristic as confirmed by micrometric-sized particles and parameters of the porous structure (A_BET = 260 m²/g, V_p = 0.24 cm³/g, S_p = 4.7 nm for CuO-ZrO₂ and A_BET = 210 m²/g, V_p = 0.12 cm³/g, S_p = 4.6 nm for ZnO-ZrO₂). Polyurethane-based composites were synthesized using a one-step method under variable parameters such as filler type and its percentage contribution. Such an assumption allowed to evaluate the impact of fillers addition on polyurethane composites functional properties. Detailed materials characterization confirmed that the prepared composites (especially those containing 5.0 wt% of CuO-ZrO₂) exhibit enhanced mechanical properties with reduction of abrasion by approximately 22 %, an increase of maximum stress by 27 % and an improvement in breaking strength by as much as 156 % compared to the reference sample – which should be considered as an outstanding result. The final stage included antimicrobial tests that confirmed high microbiological purity and antimicrobial activity of composites at the point of contact. Demonstrated antimicrobial properties are of utilitarian nature and provide a perspective for a possible extension of the durability and multi-directional usefulness of products consisting of such materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20916,"journal":{"name":"Reactive & Functional Polymers","volume":"216 ","pages":"Article 106453"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144908291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}