Reactive & Functional Polymers最新文献

{"title":"Organocatalyzed ring-opening polymerization of proline-based lactones for poly(amino ester)s and cationic polymers with antibacterial activity","authors":"Zhe Tian ,&nbsp;Yu Dai ,&nbsp;Chengkai Zhan ,&nbsp;Yupeng Chen ,&nbsp;Zhaolin Ding ,&nbsp;Jiaqi Wu ,&nbsp;Ruixiang Hou ,&nbsp;Yongxiang Sun ,&nbsp;Yajun Li ,&nbsp;Wei He ,&nbsp;Ning Zhu ,&nbsp;Xin Hu ,&nbsp;Yihuan Liu ,&nbsp;Kai Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2025.106411","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2025.106411","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Poly(amino ester)s (PAEs) are widely employed in diverse applications, particularly biomedicine, owing to their tunable functionality <em>via</em> amine group modification and the inherent biodegradability and biocompatibility of their polyester chains. Herein, we reported (thio)urea/base-catalyzed ring-opening polymerization of proline-based lactones for well-defined poly(amino ester)s. A series of (thio)ureas and organic bases were synthesized and combined to form various binary organocatalysts to explore the structure-activity relationships. Monomer conversion up to 95 % was achieved within 5 min. Kinetics studies and chain extension experiments confirmed the living/controlled nature of ROP. Four well-defined PAEs with high molecular weights (3150–51,340 g mol⁻¹) and narrow dispersity (<em>Đ</em> &lt; 1.29) were produced. The resultant PAEs showed high thermal stability (<em>T</em>_d,_5% = 224–350 °C) and <em>T</em>_m (189–244 °C). Furthermore, seven cationic random or block copolymers were synthesized through ring-opening copolymerization, followed by deprotection reaction. The effect of copolymer composition on the self-assembly behavior was investigated by DLS and TEM. Cationic random copolymers with high hydrophobic content demonstrated strong antimicrobial activity against <em>E. coli,</em> while those with high hydrophilic content were more active against <em>S. aureus</em>. This work would provide valuable insights into poly(amino ester)s and cationic polymers with tailored antimicrobial activity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20916,"journal":{"name":"Reactive & Functional Polymers","volume":"216 ","pages":"Article 106411"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144702160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Formulation of poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)/caffeic acid composites for vegetable packaging applications","authors":"Siva Sankar Sana ,&nbsp;Zohreh Riahi ,&nbsp;Vijayalaxmi Mishra ,&nbsp;Jun Tae Kim ,&nbsp;Ramakrishna Vadde ,&nbsp;Pedro Brandão ,&nbsp;Seong-Cheol Kim ,&nbsp;Pedro Fonte","doi":"10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2025.106413","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2025.106413","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Poly(butylene adipate-<em>co</em>-terephthalate) (PBAT) is widely used as a bioplastic owing to its commendable water-barrier properties. In this work, PBAT was blended with caffeic acid (CA) (1–3 wt%) by solution mixing using chloroform as a solvent through solvent casting method. UV–Visible spectroscopy results show a decrease in transmittance from 100 % in PBAT to 6 % PBAT/3CA. The film's elongation was notably improved with an increase in the CA ratio, reaching up to 1055.4 %. Moreover, the tensile strength experienced a significant enhancement upon the inclusion of CA (3 wt%) up to 25.5 MPa. The decrease in water vapor permeability (WVP) (3.05 ± 0.1 × 10⁻¹¹ g.m/m².Pa.s) and water contact angle (WCA) (60.5° ± 1.34°) was observed in PBAT/3CA. PBAT film containing 3 wt% CA exhibited remarkable scavenging action against ABTS^•+ and DPPH^•, recording values of 100 % and 98.5 %, respectively. When subjected to testing against foodborne pathogens such as <em>Escherichia coli</em> (<em>E. coli</em>) and <em>Listeria monocytogenes</em> (<em>L. monocytogenes</em>), the fabricated films displayed excellent antibacterial activity. The active films comprising PBAT/CA possess the potential to serve as a synergistic solution for food packaging, combining the UV barrier property, mechanical properties, flexibility, peeling resistance, and renowned biodegradability of PBAT with the ability to repurpose industrial waste.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20916,"journal":{"name":"Reactive & Functional Polymers","volume":"216 ","pages":"Article 106413"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144695216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A nitrogen-rich organic polymer for CO2 utilization and conversion through cycloaddition of CO2 with epoxides","authors":"Waseem Tariq ,&nbsp;Manoj Pudukudy ,&nbsp;Li Shuangjiang ,&nbsp;Yi Liu ,&nbsp;Heping Su ,&nbsp;Xiliang Li ,&nbsp;Yunfei Zhi ,&nbsp;Shaoyun Shan","doi":"10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2025.106412","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2025.106412","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The soaring levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO₂), driven by fossil fuel consumption, pose significant environmental challenges, necessitating innovative strategies for its mitigation and utilization. This study introduces a novel, metal-free nitrogen-rich organic polymer, CMBr-OP, designed as an efficient catalyst for the cycloaddition of CO₂ with epoxides to produce cyclic carbonates. Synthesized through a straightforward one-step polymerization of cyanuric chloride and melamine, followed by functionalization with bromoacetic acid, CMBr-OP integrates multiple active sites, including nitrogen-rich triazine units and bromine functionalities, which synergistically enhance catalytic performance. Under mild reaction conditions (110°C, 1 MPa CO₂ pressure, 6 h), CMBr-OP achieves an impressive 99.6% yield of chloropropene carbonate without requiring co-catalysts or solvents. Comprehensive characterization techniques, including FTIR, XPS, SEM, and BET analysis, confirm its hierarchical porous structure, high surface area, and uniform distribution of active sites, facilitating efficient CO₂ activation and epoxide ring-opening. The catalyst demonstrates remarkable versatility, effectively catalyzing a wide range of epoxides, and exhibits excellent recyclability, maintaining high activity over five consecutive reaction cycles. DFT calculations reveal the critical role of hydrogen bond donors, nitrogen sites, and bromide ions in activating both epoxides and CO₂, underscoring the cooperative synergy within CMBr-OP. This work represents a significant advancement in sustainable catalytic systems for CO₂ utilization, aligning with green chemistry principles and offering a promising candidate for industrial-scale applications aimed at reducing CO₂ emissions and promoting environmentally friendly chemical processes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20916,"journal":{"name":"Reactive & Functional Polymers","volume":"216 ","pages":"Article 106412"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144695215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermal stabilities of polysiloxane fluids modified by metal ions (Ce3+, K+, Zr4+) and their applications in thermal interface materials","authors":"Xupeng Shen,&nbsp;Longjie Shi,&nbsp;Shuting Zhang,&nbsp;Qi Lin,&nbsp;Xue Hu,&nbsp;Shusen Wei,&nbsp;Yipin Zhang,&nbsp;Hong Dong,&nbsp;Chuan Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2025.106408","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2025.106408","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) was modified via high-temperature thermal blending with K⁺, Ce³⁺, and Zr⁴⁺ ions to synthesize metal-incorporated polysiloxane fluids. Structural characterization by ²⁹Si NMR, FT-IR, XPS, and TGA confirmed successful modification. Systematic investigations revealed that the type, content, and blending temperature of metals critically influenced thermal stability and conductivity. Notably, Ce³⁺-modified PDMS exhibited enhanced performance: incorporation of 2 wt% cerium stearate increased intrinsic thermal conductivity to 0.203 W/(m·K) (13.4 % higher than pure PDMS) while significantly reducing dielectric constants from 2.67 to 2.56 and the dielectric loss from 0.0060 to 0.0025 at 1 kHz. Further application studies demonstrated scalable thermal conductivity improvements in alumina-filled composites. Utilizing Ce³⁺-modified PDMS as a matrix and α-trimethylsilyloxy-ω-triethoxysilylethyl terminated PDMS as an alumina surface treatment agent (86 vol% loading), the resultant silicone paste achieved 6.84 W/(m· K), representing a 38.2-fold enhancement over pure PDMS. Analogous formulations with α-dimethylvinylsilyloxy-terminated PDMS as the surface treatment agent attained 6.62 W/(m· K) (a 37.0-fold improvement). Thermal dissipation experiments validated the superior performance of these composites, highlighting their potential for advanced thermal management applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20916,"journal":{"name":"Reactive & Functional Polymers","volume":"216 ","pages":"Article 106408"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144679126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation of high-energy oxidant HMX/PTFE composite particles with enhanced safety and their impact on the energy release of TiH2","authors":"Wenjie Liu,&nbsp;Penglin Kang,&nbsp;Jinbo Guo,&nbsp;Fengze Cai,&nbsp;Qicong Jiang,&nbsp;Xiaodong Li","doi":"10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2025.106404","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2025.106404","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent years, metal hydrides have been extensively utilized in solid propellants due to their high hydrogen storage density, elevated combustion calorific value, and substantial gas production. However, optimizing and improving the energy release performance of metal hydrides remains challenging. This study prepared high-energy oxidizer 1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetraazacyclooctane/polytetrafluoroethylene (HMX/PTFE) composite particles with enhanced safety using the emulsion-solvent evaporation method. The effect of PTFE content on the morphology of composite particles was analyzed, and their chemical structure, thermal decomposition characteristics, mechanical sensitivity, and oxidation-combustion behavior on metal hydrides were characterized and tested. Experimental results indicate that with 10 % PTFE content, the HMX/PTFE composite particles exhibit a dense surface, regular morphology, and uniform distribution of PTFE and binder around HMX. The crystal structure of HMX in the composite particles retains the β-type form, preserving its favorable application potential. Compared to raw HMX, the composite particles exhibited increased activation energy and critical temperature of thermal explosion by 40.05 kJ·mol⁻¹ and 17.26 K, respectively, and enhanced critical impact and friction values by 4.5 J and 40 N, respectively, demonstrating superior thermal stability and mechanical safety. Combustion experiments demonstrate that HMX/PTFE composite particles serve as an effective high-energy oxidant for TiH₂, providing more stable combustion and energy release compared to raw HMX. The oxidation-combustion mechanism of raw HMX and HMX/PTFE composite particles with TiH₂ is analyzed, offering a potential approach to enhance the combustion stability of novel propellants containing metal hydrides.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20916,"journal":{"name":"Reactive & Functional Polymers","volume":"216 ","pages":"Article 106404"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144686771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced foaming performance of crosslinked poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate)/poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) blends via reactive chain extension","authors":"Jin Hwan Park,&nbsp;Seo-Jin Kang,&nbsp;Oh Young Kim,&nbsp;Seok-Ho Hwang","doi":"10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2025.106409","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2025.106409","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the enhanced foaming behavior of partially crosslinked blends of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-<em>co</em>-4-hydroxybutyrate) [P(3HB-<em>co</em>-4HB)] with poly(butylene adipate-<em>co</em>-terephthalate) (PBAT) using a reactive modification strategy. The crosslinking process employed di-(<em>tert</em>-butylperoxyisopropyl)benzene (DTBPIB) as a radical initiator and triallyl isocyanurate (TAIC) as a coagent. The effects of varying TAIC content on gel fraction, rheological behavior, mechanical properties, and cellular morphology were systematically studied. The modified blends demonstrated significantly increased gel content and complex viscosity, particularly at low angular frequencies, indicating enhanced melt elasticity. Tensile tests revealed improved modulus and strength with increasing TAIC loading, suggesting network formation within the matrix. The foamed structures, prepared using a chemical blowing agent, exhibited higher expansion ratios and finer, more uniform cell morphologies in samples with both DTBPIB and TAIC. These results demonstrate that reactive crosslinking offers a promising route to engineer bio-based foams with improved mechanical integrity and foamability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20916,"journal":{"name":"Reactive & Functional Polymers","volume":"216 ","pages":"Article 106409"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144665557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A bio-based pesticide sustained release system constructed from cellulose-chitosan hydrogel: Promoting seed germination and providing protection","authors":"Linan Sun ,&nbsp;Tao Wang ,&nbsp;Bingyang Qin ,&nbsp;Chengdong Nie ,&nbsp;Jingru Zhao ,&nbsp;Yujie Fu","doi":"10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2025.106405","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2025.106405","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Water is essential for crop growth, particularly during the seed germination stage. This study proposes a novel strategy utilizing a natural bio-based hydrogel to enhance soil water retention and improve the hydration capacity for seeds. A hydrogel (CMC-Na/HACC/FeCl₃), synthesized from sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC<img>Na) and chitosan quaternary ammonium salt (HACC) via ferric chloride (FeCl₃), has the advantages of high stability and low cytotoxicity. Upon water absorption, the swelling degree of CMC-Na/HACC/FeCl₃ exceeds 20 g/g, providing sufficient moisture for plant growth. The experimental results showed that CMC-Na/HACC/FeCl₃ could significantly increase the seed germination rate compared with the traditional soil, and the germination rate could be up to 75 %, and the germination time, the length of germ and the length of the embryonic axis were significantly improved. In addition, in this study, the plant extracted insecticide matrine (MT) was added into the hydrogel system to form CMC-Na/HACC/FeCl₃/MT. The results of the study showed that MT could be gradually released from the hydrogel, and the release time could last for 21 days. The hydrogel provided moisture to the seeds while creating a barrier against pest invasion and showed significant antibacterial effects. Both CMC-Na/HACC/FeCl₃ and CMC-Na/HACC/FeCl₃/MT are anticipated to be valuable in agricultural production due to their excellent properties, which contribute to improving soil composition and minimizing resource waste and environmental pollution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20916,"journal":{"name":"Reactive & Functional Polymers","volume":"216 ","pages":"Article 106405"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144663662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation and properties of a phosphorus modified intrinsic flame-retardant epoxy resin","authors":"Mingming Yu,&nbsp;Jiaying Yao,&nbsp;Yinghao Chen,&nbsp;Zhimin Gao,&nbsp;Wang Xie,&nbsp;Lin Fang,&nbsp;Musu Ren,&nbsp;Jinliang Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2025.106407","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2025.106407","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Currently, EP primarily enhances its fire resistance by incorporating flame-retardant additives. However, this approach faces challenges such as flame retardant migration, which further leads to reduced mechanical properties and increased viscosity of the resin matrix. To address these challenges, a novel liquid reactive flame retardant (POG-PEPA) is synthesized from POG and PEPA and employed to create an intrinsically fire resistance EP in this work. Modified EP containing 3.3 wt% phosphorus demonstrates enhanced flame retardancy, achieves a LOI of 29.8 % and UL-94 V-0 rating, while shows significant reductions in PHRR (52.6 %), THR (76.8 %), and TSR (60.2 %) compared with neat EP. The enhanced flame retardancy primarily originates from the promotion of char formation by POG-PEPA in condensed phase. Additionally, modified EP exhibit improved mechanical and thermodynamics properties: a 22.7 % rise in tensile modulus and a 5 °C improvement in T_g. This study provides an effective strategy for designing eco-friendly, superior-performance flame retardant for EP and its composites.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20916,"journal":{"name":"Reactive & Functional Polymers","volume":"216 ","pages":"Article 106407"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144655755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Graphene oxide incorporated sodium alginate-gelatin composite hydrogel loaded with Moringa oleifera leaf extract for bifunctional tissue regeneration and anticancer applications","authors":"Mahvish Fatima ,&nbsp;Nosheen kanwal ,&nbsp;Nahla Mohamed Ibrahim Elsayed ,&nbsp;Tazeen Rana ,&nbsp;Muhammad Hammad Aziz","doi":"10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2025.106406","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2025.106406","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents the development of sodium alginate–gelatin (SG) composite hydrogel scaffolds incorporated with graphene oxide (GO) and loaded with <em>Moringa oleifera</em> leaf extract (MLE) for tissue regeneration and anticancer applications. The MLE was loaded in varying concentration 2.5 g/100 mL, 5 g/100 mL and 10 g/100 mL to SGG hydrogels (SGG@I, SGG@II and SGG@III) respectively. The prepared GO, SGG, SGG@I, SGG@II and SGG@III were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV visible spectroscopy and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy to evaluate the physiochemical properties. The swelling and degradation behavior of developed hydrogels were analyzed which stimulated under acidic pH 5.0 conditions. Also, The cumulative MLE release % from SGG@I, SGG@II and SGG@III hydrogels was observed to be enhanced under acidic pH 5.0 PBS medium. Mechanical testing exhibited the stability of hydrogel membranes by incorporating the GO and MLE extract by using the Universal Testing Machine (UTM). The MLE extract and MLE extract loaded hydrogel showed the scavenging of free radicals in dose dependent manner by following the DPPH assay. The hydrogels SGG, SGG@I, SGG@II and SGG@III were evaluated for their biocompatibility and tissue regeneration capability against HUVEC cell lines by following the MTT assay. All the hydrogel membranes showed significant biocompatibility for 5 days with the highest concentration of MLE demonstrated 71.00 ± 3.2 % cell viability. Furthermore, SGG and loaded MLE hydrogels SGG@I, SGG@II and SGG@III were analyzed against MCF-7 and BT-549 breast cancer cell lines by MTT assay. The increasing concentration of MLE stimulated the anticancer potential of hydrogels as SGG@III showed the cell viability of 39.00 ± 3.15 % and 54.55 ± 2.95 % by day 5th against MCF-7 and BT-549 cell lines respectively. The intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation potential of the hydrogel was evaluated using the DCFH-DA assay, revealing a time-dependent increase in green fluorescence intensity in SGG@III-treated cells over 72 h. The sustained elevation in ROS levels suggested the developed MLE loaded hydrogels ability to induce oxidative stress in cancer cells which support its potential as an effective therapeutic agent for post-surgical breast cancer treatment with good biocompatibility.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20916,"journal":{"name":"Reactive & Functional Polymers","volume":"216 ","pages":"Article 106406"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144655756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"pH-responsive Gelatin/Agarose/Magnesium-doped carbon quantum dot hydrogel nanocomposite for targeted curcumin delivery in brain cancer therapy","authors":"Mehrab Pourmadadi ,&nbsp;Amir Reza Hafezi ,&nbsp;Roya Yaghoobi ,&nbsp;Aynaz Rahmaninodeh ,&nbsp;Negin Hosseini ,&nbsp;Afshin Alibabaie ,&nbsp;Narges Ajalli ,&nbsp;Elaheh Babajani Afrouzi ,&nbsp;Mahdi Shirazi ,&nbsp;Azam Ghadami","doi":"10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2025.106403","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2025.106403","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research examines the formulation and characterization of a pH-sensitive nanocarrier for the targeted and controlled release of curcumin (Cur) in the treatment of brain cancer. The nanocarrier consists of gelatin (G), agarose (Aga), and magnesium-doped carbon quantum dots (Mg-CQD), produced by a water-in-oil-in-water (w/o/w) double emulsification method. These materials demonstrate pH responsiveness, biocompatibility, and biodegradability, crucial for addressing Cur's limitations, including inadequate solubility and fast metabolism. In vitro cytotoxicity assays on U-87 MG glioma cells showed a 49 % reduction in cell viability, whereas minimal toxicity was observed in L929 fibroblast cells, indicating selective anticancer potential. The nanocarrier exhibited a regulated and extended release of Cur under acidic conditions, achieving encapsulation and loading efficiencies of 45.75 % and 85.5 %, respectively, hence enhancing its bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy. Characterization confirmed uniform nanoparticle distribution (average size: 193.5 nm; zeta potential: −42 mV) and successful drug encapsulation. FTIR, XRD and FE-SEM tests validated the effective drug encapsulation, uniform distribution of nanoparticles, and stability. The findings underscore the nanocarrier's potential for targeted cancer therapy, providing both therapeutic efficacy and safety, with intriguing applications in nanomedicine.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20916,"journal":{"name":"Reactive & Functional Polymers","volume":"216 ","pages":"Article 106403"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144605749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}