Psychological Medicine最新文献

{"title":"The relationship between stress and clinical high-risk symptoms of psychosis in daily life: impact of contemporaneous paths on cross-lagged effects.","authors":"Marialuisa Cavelti, Janko M Kaeser, Silvano Sele, Thomas Berger, Michael Kaess, Jochen Kindler, Chantal Michel","doi":"10.1017/S0033291725000364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291725000364","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to deepen the understanding of the psychological mechanisms underlying the formation and maintenance of clinical high-risk symptoms for psychosis (CHR-P) in real-life contexts. Specifically, it examined whether (i) momentary feelings of stress increase the frequency of CHR-P symptoms, or conversely, (ii) CHR-P symptoms increase the intensity of stress. Additionally, potential moderators of the relationship between stress and CHR-P symptoms were explored.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using Ecological Momentary Assessment, 79 patients (age: 11-36; 50.6% female) recruited from an early detection center for psychosis, reported their momentary stress levels and the frequency of CHR-P symptoms eight times a day for seven days. Time series data were analyzed using residual dynamic structural equation modeling in a random intercept cross-lagged panel design, comparing differently modeled contemporaneous effects.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was no evidence of a contemporaneous or temporal link between stress on CHR-P symptoms. However, a contemporaneous effect of CHR-P symptoms on stress was found, while the corresponding temporal effect was not significant. The severity of interview-assessed CHR-P symptoms, age, and type of CHR-P symptoms (i.e., basic symptoms vs. [attenuated] positive symptoms) did not affect the contemporaneous effect of CHR-P symptoms on stress. However, nonperceptive symptoms had a greater contemporaneous effect on stress than perceptive symptoms.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings suggest a greater contemporaneous impact of CHR-P symptoms on stress than vice versa. The experience of nonperceptive symptoms, in particular, may alter the appraisal of stress in daily life and represent a target for early interventions in real-time daily life (i.e., ecological momentary interventions).</p>","PeriodicalId":20891,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Medicine","volume":"55 ","pages":"e68"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143537774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A network approach exploring the effects of cognitive remediation on cognition, symptoms, and functioning in early psychosis.","authors":"Andrew J Watson, Dominic Stringer, Andrew Pickles, Paul McCrone, Clare Reeder, Max Birchwood, David Fowler, Kathryn Greenwood, Sonia Johnson, Jesus Perez, Andrew Thompson, Rachel Upthegrove, Jon Wilson, Alex Kenny, Iris Isok, Balaji Suseendrabose, Eileen M Joyce, Til Wykes, Matteo Cella","doi":"10.1017/S0033291725000212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291725000212","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although cognitive remediation (CR) improves cognition and functioning, the key features that promote or inhibit its effectiveness, especially between cognitive domains, remain unknown. Discovering these key features will help to develop CR for more impact.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To identify interrelations between cognition, symptoms, and functioning, using a novel network analysis approach and how CR affects these recovery outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A secondary analysis of randomized controlled trial data (N = 165) of CR in early psychosis. Regularized partial correlation networks were estimated, including symptoms, cognition, and functioning, for pre-, post-treatment, and change over time. Pre- and post-CR networks were compared on global strength, structure, edge invariance, and centrality invariance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Cognition, negative, and positive symptoms were separable constructs, with symptoms showing independent relationships with cognition. Negative symptoms were central to the CR networks and most strongly associated with change in functioning. Verbal and visual learning improvement showed independent relationships to improved social functioning and negative symptoms. Only visual learning improvement was positively associated with personal goal achievement. Pre- and post-CR networks did not differ in structure (M = 0.20, p = 0.45) but differed in global strength, reflecting greater overall connectivity in the post-CR network (S = 0.91, p = 0.03).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Negative symptoms influenced network changes following therapy, and their reduction was linked to improvement in verbal and visual learning following CR. Independent relationships between visual and verbal learning and functioning suggest that they may be key intervention targets to enhance social and occupational functioning.</p>","PeriodicalId":20891,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Medicine","volume":"55 ","pages":"e66"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143537743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contributions of the posterior cerebellum to mentalizing and social functioning: A transdiagnostic investigation.","authors":"Aubrey M Moe, Scott D Blain, Aravind Kalathil, Scott Peltier, Costanza Colombi, Katharine N Thakkar, Cynthia Z Burton, Ivy F Tso","doi":"10.1017/S003329172500039X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S003329172500039X","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mentalizing-our ability to make inferences about the mental states of others-is impaired across psychiatric disorders and robustly associated with functional outcomes. Mentalizing deficits have been prominently linked to aberrant activity in cortical regions considered to be part of the \"social brain network\" (e.g., dorsomedial prefrontal cortex, temporoparietal junction), yet emerging evidence also suggests the importance of cerebellar dysfunction. In the present study-using a transdiagnostic, clinical psychiatric sample spanning the psychosis-autism-social anxiety spectrums-we examined the role of the cerebellum in mentalizing and its unique contributions to broader social functioning.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Sixty-two participants (38 with significant social dysfunction secondary to psychiatric illness and 24 nonclinical controls without social dysfunction) completed a mentalizing task during functional magnetic resonance imaging. General linear model analysis, latent variable modeling, and regression analyses were used to examine the contribution of cerebellum activation to the prediction of group status and social functioning.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mentalizing activated a broad set of social cognitive brain regions, including cerebral mentalizing network (MN) nodes and posterior cerebellum. Higher posterior cerebellum activation significantly predicted clinical status (i.e., individuals with psychiatric disorders versus nonclinical controls). Finally, cerebellar activation accounted for significant variance in social functioning independent of all other cerebral MN brain regions identified in a whole-brain analysis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Findings add to an accumulating body of evidence establishing the unique role of the posterior cerebellum in mentalizing deficits and social dysfunction across psychiatric illnesses. Collectively, our results suggest that the posterior cerebellum should be considered - alongside established cerebral regions - as part of the mentalizing network.</p>","PeriodicalId":20891,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Medicine","volume":"55 ","pages":"e67"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143537760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antidepressant efficacy of administering repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) with psychological and other non-pharmacological methods: a scoping review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Cristian G Giron, Alvin H P Tang, Minxia Jin, Georg S Kranz","doi":"10.1017/S0033291725000315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291725000315","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To optimize the antidepressant efficacy of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), it is important to examine the impact of brain state during therapeutic rTMS. Evidence suggests that brain state can modulate the brain's response to stimulation, potentially diminishing antidepressant efficacy if left uncontrolled or enhancing it with inexpensive psychological or other non-pharmacological methods. Thus, we conducted a PRISMA-ScR-based scoping review to pool studies administering rTMS with psychological and other non-pharmacological methods. PubMed and Web of Science databases were searched from inception to 10 July 2024. Inclusion criteria: neuropsychiatric patients underwent rTMS; studies assessed depressive symptom severity; non-pharmacological tasks or interventions were administered during rTMS, or did not include a wash-out period. Of 8,442 studies, 20 combined rTMS with aerobic exercise, bright light therapy, cognitive training or reactivation, psychotherapy, sleep deprivation, or a psychophysical task. Meta-analyses using random effects models were conducted based on change scores on standardized scales. The effect size was large and therapeutic for uncontrolled pretest-posttest comparisons (17 studies, Hedges' <i>g</i> = -1.91, (standard error) <i>SE</i> = 0.45, 95% (confidence interval) <i>CI</i> = -2.80 to -1.03, <i>p</i> < 0.01); medium when studies compared active combinations with sham rTMS plus active non-pharmacological methods (8 studies, <i>g</i> = -0.55, <i>SE</i> = 0.14, 95% <i>CI</i> = -0.82 to -0.28, <i>p</i> < 0.01); and non-significant when active combinations were compared with active rTMS plus sham psychological methods (4 studies, <i>p</i> = 0.96). Attempts to administer rTMS with non-pharmacological methods show promise but have not yet outperformed rTMS alone.</p>","PeriodicalId":20891,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Medicine","volume":"55 ","pages":"e64"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143516347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of trauma, attachment, and voice-hearer's appraisals: a latent profile analysis in the AVATAR2 trial.","authors":"Julia Marotti, Rob Saunders, Alice Montague, Miriam Fornells-Ambrojo","doi":"10.1017/S003329172500008X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S003329172500008X","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There is evidence that attachment, trauma, and voice appraisals individually impact voice hearing in psychosis, but their intersectional relationship has not been examined. The aim of this study was to identify subgroups of individuals from the intersectional relationship between these factors and examine differences between subgroups on clinical outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A latent profile analysis was conducted on baseline data from the AVATAR2 trial (<i>n</i> = 345), to identify statistically distinct subgroups of individuals with psychosis who hear distressing voices based on co-occurring patterns of trauma, fearful attachment, and voice appraisals. The association between profile membership and demographic characteristics, voice severity, posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms, emotional distress, and difficulties with motivation and pleasure was then examined. Experts by experience were consulted throughout the process.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Four profiles were identified: 'adverse voices and relational trauma', 'low malevolent and omnipotent voices', 'adverse voices yet low relational trauma', and 'high benevolent voices'. Negative voice appraisals occurred in the presence of high and low trauma and attachment adversities. The first profile was associated with being female and/or other non-male genders and had worse voice severity and emotional distress. High adversities and worse emotional distress occurred in the presence of voice benevolence and engagement. Black and South Asian ethnicities were not associated with specific profiles.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The identified profiles had negative and positive voice appraisals associated with higher and lower occurrence of adversities, and different clinical outcomes. These profiles could inform detailed case formulations that could tailor interventions for voice hearers.</p>","PeriodicalId":20891,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Medicine","volume":"55 ","pages":"e65"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143516348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resting-state network alterations in depression: a comprehensive meta-analysis of functional connectivity.","authors":"Zhihui Zhang, Yijing Zhang, He Wang, Minghuan Lei, Yifan Jiang, Di Xiong, Yayuan Chen, Yujie Zhang, Guoshu Zhao, Yao Wang, Wanwan Zhang, Jinglei Xu, Ying Zhai, Qi An, Shen Li, Xiaoke Hao, Feng Liu","doi":"10.1017/S0033291725000303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291725000303","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Depression has been linked to disruptions in resting-state networks (RSNs). However, inconsistent findings on RSN disruptions, with variations in reported connectivity within and between RSNs, complicate the understanding of the neurobiological mechanisms underlying depression.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic literature search of PubMed and Web of Science identified studies that employed resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to explore RSN changes in depression. Studies using seed-based functional connectivity analysis or independent component analysis were included, and coordinate-based meta-analyses were performed to evaluate alterations in RSN connectivity both within and between networks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 58 studies were included, comprising 2321 patients with depression and 2197 healthy controls. The meta-analysis revealed significant alterations in RSN connectivity, both within and between networks, in patients with depression compared with healthy controls. Specifically, within-network changes included both increased and decreased connectivity in the default mode network (DMN) and increased connectivity in the frontoparietal network (FPN). Between-network findings showed increased DMN-FPN and limbic network (LN)-DMN connectivity, decreased DMN-somatomotor network and LN-FPN connectivity, and varied ventral attention network (VAN)-dorsal attentional network (DAN) connectivity. Additionally, a positive correlation was found between illness duration and increased connectivity between the VAN and DAN.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings not only provide a comprehensive characterization of RSN disruptions in depression but also enhance our understanding of the neurobiological mechanisms underlying depression.</p>","PeriodicalId":20891,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Medicine","volume":"55 ","pages":"e63"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143503829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Family functioning in families with 11-year-old children at familial high risk of schizophrenia or bipolar disorder and population-based controls: The Danish High Risk and Resilience Study VIA 11.","authors":"Nicoline Hemager, Ida Christine Tholstrup Gjøde, Maja Gregersen, Julie Marie Brandt, Anne Søndergaard, Mette Falkenberg Krantz, Lotte Veddum, Christina Bruun Knudsen, Anna Krogh Andreassen, Geneviève Piché, Merete Nordentoft, Aja Neergaard Greve, Anne Amalie Elgaard Thorup","doi":"10.1017/S0033291725000200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291725000200","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Poorer family functioning during childhood is associated with severe mental disorders in adulthood in the general population. However, family functioning is understudied in families with parental schizophrenia or bipolar disorder. We aimed to investigate family functioning in families with 11-year-old children of parents with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder compared with controls. Second, we aimed to examine associations between family functioning and levels of child psychopathology, child global functioning, and parental social functioning.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this prospective, population-based cohort study, we included 160 families with parental schizophrenia, 95 families with parental bipolar disorder, and 177 control families. Family functioning was measured with the 12-item version of the McMaster Family Assessment Device - General Functional Scale.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Families with parental schizophrenia (Cohen's <i>d</i> = 0.29; <i>p</i> = .002) and parental bipolar disorder (Cohen's <i>d</i> = 0.34; <i>p</i> = .004) had significantly poorer family functioning and a significantly higher prevalence of clinically significant family dysfunction (Cohen's <i>d</i> range = 0.29-0.34; <i>p</i> values = .007) than control families. Across study groups, poorer family functioning was associated with higher levels of child psychopathology and poorer social functioning of the primary caregiver (<i>p</i> values < .001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Children in families with parental schizophrenia or bipolar disorder are at increased risk of experiencing family dysfunction, and poorer family functioning confers risk for more symptoms of child psychopathology and poorer parental social functioning. Future studies should investigate the potentially predictive value of family dysfunction in relation to later illness onset and other adverse outcomes in these populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":20891,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Medicine","volume":"55 ","pages":"e62"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143493297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mapping connections between complex post-traumatic stress disorder and psychotic-like experiences among adolescents: a Gaussian and Bayesian network study.","authors":"Tommaso B Jannini, Valentina Socci, Adriano Schimmenti, Grazia Terrone, Lucia Sideli, Luis Alameda, Monica Aas, Giorgio Di Lorenzo, Cinzia Niolu, Rodolfo Rossi","doi":"10.1017/S0033291725000169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291725000169","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Complex post-traumatic stress disorder (cPTSD) is a newly recognized condition characterized by core PTSD symptoms and disturbances in self-organization (DSO) that has been associated with psychotic-like experiences (PLEs). This study employs two psychopathology network approaches to identify which post-traumatic symptoms are related to PLEs in a sample of late adolescents. We propose that cPTSD symptoms play a crucial role in explaining the co-occurrence of trauma and PLEs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A sample of 1010 late adolescents provided measures of post-traumatic symptomatology and PLEs. We estimated the Gaussian graphical network structure of PTSD/cPTSD symptoms and PLEs and assessed their bridge centrality indices. Bayesian network analysis was then used to estimate a directed acyclic graph (DAG). Gender was set as a moderator in both Gaussian and Bayesian models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results show that affect dysregulation, a cPTSD domain, presented the highest bridge connection with the PLE cluster. Bayesian network analysis identified a pathway going from cPTSD items of worthlessness and relational dysregulation, to PLE items of paranoia and social anxiety. Additionally, we found relevant gender differences in network connectivity, with females showing higher connectivity compared to males.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings highlight the central role of affect dysregulation and negative self-concept in linking cPTSD to PLE symptoms, with specific differences according to gender. These insights underscore the need for targeted, gender-sensitive approaches in the prevention and treatment of PLEs among adolescents, emphasizing early intervention and tailored treatment strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":20891,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Medicine","volume":"55 ","pages":"e61"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143493299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is dissociation predicting the efficacy of psychological therapies for PTSD? Results from a randomized controlled trial comparing Dialectical Behavior Therapy for PTSD (DBT-PTSD) and Cognitive Processing Therapy (CPT).","authors":"Nikolaus Kleindienst, Regina Steil, Kathlen Priebe, Meike Müller-Engelmann, Petra Lindauer, Annegret Krause-Utz, Franziska Friedmann, Christian Schmahl, Frank Enning, Martin Bohus","doi":"10.1017/S0033291724003453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291724003453","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Neuropsychological evidence suggests that dissociation might disturb emotional learning, which is a fundamental mechanism of psychotherapy. However, a recent meta-analysis on the impact of dissociation on treatment outcomes in psychotherapy trials for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) reported inconsistent results and concluded that further high-quality clinical trials are needed to test whether dissociation affects the efficacy of psychotherapies. We had two main aims: First, to test whether the efficacy of two evidence-based psychotherapies for individuals with trauma-related PTSD is affected by the level of pretreatment dissociation. Second, we investigated whether a significant reduction in dissociation at an early stage of treatment is beneficial for subsequent efficacy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The potential impact of dissociation on efficacy was studied in 193 women with PTSD related to childhood abuse who were randomized to dialectical behavior therapy for PTSD (DBT-PTSD) or cognitive processing therapy (CPT). Efficacy was operationalized as a change in the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS). Dissociation was assessed with the Dissociation Tension Scale (DSS). The analyses accounted for major confounders (in particular initial PTSD severity).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two main findings emerged from this study. First, baseline dissociation was a negative predictor for treatment efficacy. Second, a significant drop in dissociation at the initial stages of treatment was beneficial for subsequent efficacy.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Dissociation likely reduces the efficacy of trauma-focused therapies. Accordingly, successful reduction of dissociation at an early stage of treatment assists the efficacy of trauma-focused psychotherapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":20891,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Medicine","volume":"55 ","pages":"e59"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143483967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disparities in accelerated brain aging in recent-onset and chronic schizophrenia.","authors":"Sung Woo Joo, Junhyeok Lee, Juhyuk Han, Minjae Kim, Yeonwoo Kim, Howook Lee, Young Tak Jo, Jaewook Shin, Jungsun Lee, Won Hee Lee","doi":"10.1017/S0033291725000285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291725000285","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Patients with schizophrenia experience accelerated aging, accompanied by abnormalities in biomarkers such as shorter telomere length. Brain age prediction using neuroimaging data has gained attention in schizophrenia research, with consistently reported increases in brain-predicted age difference (brain-PAD). However, its associations with clinical symptoms and illness duration remain unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We developed brain age prediction models using structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data from 10,938 healthy individuals. The models were validated on an independent test dataset comprising 79 healthy controls, 57 patients with recent-onset schizophrenia, and 71 patients with chronic schizophrenia. Group comparisons and the clinical associations of brain-PAD were analyzed using multiple linear regression. SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) values estimated feature contributions to the model, and between-group differences in SHAP values and group-by-SHAP value interactions were also examined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients with recent-onset schizophrenia and chronic schizophrenia exhibited increased brain-PAD values of 1.2 and 0.9 years, respectively. Between-group differences in SHAP values were identified in the right lateral prefrontal area (false discovery rate [FDR] p = 0.022), with group-by-SHAP value interactions observed in the left prefrontal area (FDR p = 0.049). A negative association between brain-PAD and Full-scale Intelligence Quotient scores in chronic schizophrenia was noted, which did not remain significant after correction for multiple comparisons.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Brain-PAD increases were pronounced in the early phase of schizophrenia. Regional brain abnormalities contributing to brain-PAD likely vary with illness duration. Future longitudinal studies are required to overcome limitations related to sample size, heterogeneity, and the cross-sectional design of this study.</p>","PeriodicalId":20891,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Medicine","volume":"55 ","pages":"e60"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143483963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}