Psychological Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Smaller hippocampal tail volume is associated with plasma CCL11 levels in patients with major depressive disorder.","authors":"Longhai Wu, Yilin Liu, Lingtao Kong, Xintong Yan, Yihui Lu, Xiaowei Jiang, Yifang Zhou, Qikun Sun, Feng Wu","doi":"10.1017/S0033291725101402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291725101402","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study investigates structural abnormalities in hippocampal subfield volumes and shapes, and their association with plasma CC chemokines in individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 61 patients with MDD and 65 healthy controls (HC) were recruited. All participants underwent high-resolution T1-weighted imaging and provided blood samples for the detection of CC chemokines (CCL2, CCL7, and CCL11). Comparisons of hippocampal subregion volumes, surface shapes, and plasma CC chemokine concentrations were conducted between the MDD and HC groups. Furthermore, partial correlation analysis was performed to assess the relationship between structural abnormalities (hippocampal subfield volume and shape) and plasma CC chemokine levels.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The MDD group exhibited a significant reduction in the volume of the left hippocampal tail compared to the HC group (<i>F</i> = 9.750, Bonferroni-corrected <i>p</i> = 0.026). No significant outward or inward deformation of the hippocampus was detected in MDD patients relative to the HC group (all FWE-corrected <i>p</i> > 0.05). Additionally, plasma CCL11 levels were elevated in the MDD group compared to the HC group (<i>F</i> = 9.982, <i>p</i> = 0.002), with these levels showing a positive correlation with the duration of the illness (<i>r</i> = 0.279, <i>p</i> = 0.029). Partial correlation analysis further revealed a negative correlation between the smaller left hippocampal tail volume and plasma CCL11 levels in MDD patients (<i>r</i> = -0.416, <i>p</i> = 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Abnormally elevated plasma CCL11 in MDD patients may mediate damage to specific hippocampal substructures.</p>","PeriodicalId":20891,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Medicine","volume":"55 ","pages":"e265"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145030468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dopamine D_2/3R availability after discontinuation of antipsychotic treatment: a [¹¹C]raclopride PET study in remitted first-episode psychosis patients.","authors":"Franciska de Beer, Erik de Vries, Ben Wijnen, Marieke J H Begemann, Nico van Beveren, Nynke Boonstra, Shiral S Gangadin, Lieuwe de Haan, Iris M H Hamers, Wim Veling, Sanne Koops, Iris E C Sommer","doi":"10.1017/S003329172510161X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S003329172510161X","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>After remission of a first-episode psychosis (FEP), antipsychotic discontinuation is associated with an increased risk of relapse compared to maintenance treatment. We studied short and longer-term effects of discontinuation of D₂ receptor (D₂R) antagonist and partial agonist antipsychotics on striatal dopamine D_2/3R availability in FEP patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Remitted FEP patients underwent two [¹¹C]raclopride PET scans to measure striatal D_2/3R availability: 1 week after antipsychotic discontinuation (n = 16 antagonist users, n = 6 partial agonist users) and after being medication free for 6-8 weeks (n = 8 antagonist users, n = 5 partial agonist users). Fifteen matched healthy controls were scanned once. Psychotic relapse was monitored up to 12 months after discontinuation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One week after discontinuation, D₂R antagonist discontinuers showed higher striatal binding potential (BP_ND) than partial D₂R agonist discontinuers (<i>p</i> < 0.001, CI = 0.749 to 1.681) and controls (<i>p</i> = 0.045, CI = 0.008 to 0.708), while partial agonist discontinuers had significantly lower BP_ND than controls (<i>p</i> = 0.001, CI = -1.326 to -0.386). 6-8 weeks after discontinuation, former antagonist users showed similar BP_ND to controls (<i>p</i> > 0.25), whereas former partial agonist users had higher BP_ND than controls (<i>p</i> = 0.027, CI = 0.069 to 1.085). Participants who discontinued antagonists relapsed more often (81%) than those who discontinued partial agonists (17%)(χ² = 5.32, <i>p</i> = 0.021).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Discontinuation of partial D₂R agonists may affect D_2/3R availability differently than discontinuation of antagonists, which might explain the greater relapse risk after tapering antagonists than partial agonist antipsychotics.</p>","PeriodicalId":20891,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Medicine","volume":"55 ","pages":"e264"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145016117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intergenerational continuity of depressive symptoms: genetic and environmental pathways.","authors":"Marie C Navarro, Marthe de Roo, Albertine J Oldehinkel, Catharina A Hartman, Tina Kretschmer","doi":"10.1017/S0033291725101633","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291725101633","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Depression runs in families, with both genetic and environmental mechanisms contributing to intergenerational continuity, though these mechanisms have often been studied separately. This study examined the interplay between genetic and environmental influences in the intergenerational continuity of depressive symptoms from parents to offspring.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using data from the Dutch TRAILS cohort (<i>n</i> = 2201), a prospective, genetically informed, multiple-generation study, we examined the association between parents' self-reported depressive symptoms (reported at mean age of 41 years) and offspring depressive symptoms, self-reported nearly two decades later, in adulthood (mean age: 29 years). We assessed the role of genetic (polygenic scores for depressive symptoms in parents and offspring) and environmental mechanisms (parental warmth during adolescence) in explaining intergenerational continuity of depressive symptoms in separate and combined models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Parents' depressive symptoms, offspring genetic predisposition, and parental warmth were associated with an increased risk of depressive symptoms in offspring. In the combined model, parents' genetic predisposition was linked to their own depressive symptoms, which were linked to lower parental warmth, which, in turn, was linked to higher depressive symptoms in offspring, after accounting for offspring genetic predisposition, sex, age, and socioeconomic status.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Both genetic and environmental mechanisms contribute to the intergenerational continuity of depressive symptoms independently and in interplay. Despite a significant effect, the influence of parental warmth was modest, suggesting limited covariation between this particular parenting measure and depressive symptoms, at least when assessed with large temporal distance.</p>","PeriodicalId":20891,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Medicine","volume":"55 ","pages":"e263"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145016181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethnic disparities, clinical and pathways to care characteristics associated with the offer, uptake, and type of psychological therapy during first-episode psychosis: examining the role of early intervention for psychosis.","authors":"Sherifat Oduola, Samir Pathan, Jo Hodgekins, Bonnie Teague, Thomas K J Craig, Robbin Murray, Craig Morgan","doi":"10.1017/S0033291725101529","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0033291725101529","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Psychological therapy (PT) along with antipsychotic medication is the recommended first line of treatment for first-episode psychosis (FEP). We investigated whether ethnicity, clinical, pathways to care (PtC) characteristics, and access to early intervention service (EIS) influenced the offer, uptake, and type of PT in an FEP sample.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used data from the Clinical Record Interactive Search-First Episode Psychosis study. Inferential statistics determined associations between ethnicity, clinical, PtC, and PT offer/uptake. Multivariable logistic regression estimated the odds of being offered a PT and type of PT by ethnicity, clinical and PtC characteristics adjusting for confounders.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 558 patients included, 195 (34.6%) were offered a PT, and 193 accepted. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) (<i>n</i> = 165 of 195; 84.1%) was commonly offered than group therapy (<i>n</i> = 30 of 195; 13.3%). Patients who presented via an EIS (adj. OR = 2.24; 95%CI 1.39-3.59) were more likely to be offered a PT compared with those in non-EIS. Among the patients eligible for an EIS, Black African (adj. OR = 0.49; 95%CI = 0.25-0.94), Black Caribbean (adj. OR = 0.45; 95%CI = 0.21-0.97) patients were less likely to be offered CBT compared with their White British counterparts. Patients with a moderate onset of psychosis (adj. OR = 0.34; 95%CI = 0.15-0.73) had a reduced likelihood of receiving CBT compared with an acute onset.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Accessing EIS during FEP increased the likelihood of being offered a PT. However, treatment inequalities remain by ethnicity and clinical characteristics.</p>","PeriodicalId":20891,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Medicine","volume":"55 ","pages":"e262"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145001357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differences between persistent and episodic depression in processing novel positive information.","authors":"Tobias Kube, Edith Rapo, Mimi Houben, Thomas Gärtner, Eva-Lotta Brakemeier, Julia Anna Glombiewski, Winfried Rief","doi":"10.1017/S0033291725101530","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291725101530","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Research has pointed to important psychopathological differences between persistent and episodic depressive disorders. Here, we tested the hypothesis that people with persistent rather than episodic depression have difficulty revising established expectations in response to novel positive information. In terms of underlying mechanisms, we predicted that these differences between the two subtypes would be related to the engagement in cognitive immunization (i.e. devaluing expectation-disconfirming positive information).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Prior to their psychotherapeutic treatment, 54 outpatients with persistent depressive disorder and 102 outpatients with episodic major depressive disorder completed an experimental task. In this task, participants watched other patients' reports of positive effects of psychotherapy. Our primary outcome was change in treatment expectations from before to after watching the positive reports.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, people with persistent depression had lower treatment expectations than people with episodic depression. In addition, they changed their treatment expectations less in response to other patients' positive reports. This effect was greater for psychotherapy outcome expectations than for role expectations. The lack of expectation change in persistent depression relative to episodic depression was particularly pronounced in a cognitive immunization-promoting experimental condition.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results indicate that people with persistent depression have difficulty adjusting their treatment expectations in response to positive information on psychotherapy. This may be a risk factor for poor treatment outcome. The results regarding cognitive immunization suggest that for people with persistent depression, slight doubts about the value of information on the positive effects of psychotherapy may be sufficient to prevent them from integrating this information.</p>","PeriodicalId":20891,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Medicine","volume":"55 ","pages":"e261"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144993366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impaired emotional memory dissipation in insomnia disorder.","authors":"Shengzi Zeng, Hao Fong Sit, Xiao Li, Ryan Bottary, Edward F Pace-Schott, Tony J Cunningham, Shirley Xin Li, Xiaoqing Hu","doi":"10.1017/S0033291725101566","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291725101566","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Insomnia disorder, characterized by chronic sleep disruption, often co-occurs with maladaptive emotional memory processing. However, much remains unknown regarding the evolution of emotional memories and their neural representations over time among individuals with insomnia disorder.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We examined the electroencephalographic (EEG) activities during emotional memory encoding, post-encoding sleep, and multiple retrieval phases - including immediate post-encoding, post-sleep, and a 7-day delayed retrieval - among 34 participants with insomnia disorder and 35 healthy control participants.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Healthy controls exhibited adaptive dissipation of emotional memory: memory declined over time, accompanied by reduced subjective feelings toward negative memories. In contrast, participants with insomnia exhibited impaired dissipation: they retained both the emotional content and affective tone of the memories, with diminished time-dependent declines in memory and affect. Beyond behavioral performance, only participants with insomnia maintained stable neural representations of emotion over time, a pattern absent in healthy controls. Additionally, during the post-encoding sleep, slow-wave sleep (SWS), and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep durations predicted the adaptive dissipation of emotional memory over time, but only among healthy participants.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings highlight abnormalities in emotional memory processing among individuals with insomnia disorder and underscore the important function of SWS and REM sleep in facilitating adaptive emotional memory processing.</p>","PeriodicalId":20891,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Medicine","volume":"55 ","pages":"e260"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144966512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two subtypes of major depressive disorder are identified from individualized gray matter morphological abnormalities in a large multi-site dataset.","authors":"Keke Fang, Baohong Wen, Liang Liu, Ya Tian, Huiting Yang, Shaoqiang Han, Xianfu Sun, Lianjie Niu","doi":"10.1017/S0033291725101499","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0033291725101499","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Neuroimaging studies provide compelling evidence that major depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with widespread gray matter morphological abnormalities. However, significant interindividual variability complicates the interpretation of group-level findings, highlighting the need for investigating potential MDD subtypes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, we aimed to identify subtypes of MDD based on individualized deviations from normative gray matter volumes (GMVs), as estimated using a normative model derived from healthy controls (HCs). We leveraged a large, multi-site dataset of high-resolution structural MRI scans, comprising 1,276 MDD patients and 1,104 matched HCs. To explore the transcriptional and molecular mechanisms underlying the observed structural abnormalities, we examined the relationships between GMV deviations, transcriptomic similarities (as measured by the correlated gene expression [CGE] connectome), and the distribution of neurotransmitter receptors/transporters.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our results revealed two reproducible MDD subtypes, each exhibiting distinct patterns of GMV abnormalities across study sites. Subtype 1 displayed increased GMVs in cerebral regions and decreased GMVs in cerebellar regions, whereas subtype 2 showed the opposite pattern, with decreased GMVs in cerebral regions and increased GMVs in cerebellar areas. The identified GMV abnormalities were differentially associated with neurotransmitter receptor/transporter distributions. Furthermore, these abnormalities were linked to transcriptionally connected gene networks, suggesting genetic underpinnings for both subtypes. Notably, the two subtypes exhibited distinct CGE-informed disease epicenters.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study identifies two robust MDD subtypes, providing new insights into the neurobiological and genetic bases of MDD and offering a potential advancement in the nosology of the disorder.</p>","PeriodicalId":20891,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Medicine","volume":"55 ","pages":"e257"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144966467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shared and distinct alterations of thalamic subregional functional connectivity in early- and late-onset obsessive-compulsive disorder.","authors":"Qianmei Yu, Yao Liu, Xiang Wang, Feng Gao, Chuman Xiao, Zhiyan Wang, Yan Han, Qinzu Kong, Qian Liu, Jie Fan, Xiongzhao Zhu","doi":"10.1017/S0033291725100548","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291725100548","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Studies highlight the thalamus as a key region distinguishing early- from late-onset obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). While structural thalamic correlates with OCD onset age are well-studied, resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) remains largely unexplored. This study examines thalamic subregional rsFC to elucidate pathophysiological differences in OCD based on different onset times.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study comprised 85 early-onset OCD (EO-OCD) patients, 94 late-onset OCD (LO-OCD) patients, and 94 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HCs). rsFC analysis was conducted to assess thalamic connectivity across seven subdivisions among the groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both EO-OCD and LO-OCD patients exhibited increased rsFC between the primary motor thalamus and the posterior central gyrus and between the thalamic premotor and the supplementary motor areas. EO-OCD patients showed significantly stronger rsFC between the prefrontal thalamus (Ptha) and the middle frontal gyrus (MFG) compared to both LO-OCD patients and HCs. In contrast, LO-OCD patients demonstrated reduced rsFC between the Ptha and the inferior parietal lobule (IPL) compared to EO-OCD patients and HCs. Additionally, the rsFC between the Ptha and both the MFG and IPL was negatively correlated with age of onset, with earlier onset linked to stronger connectivity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings reveal both shared and distinct thalamic connectivity patterns in EO-OCD and LO-OCD patients. Sensory-motor networks exhibiting thalamic hyperconnectivity are critical for the manifestation of OCD, regardless of age of onset. The frontal-parietal network and thalamic hyperconnectivity may present a compensatory mechanism in EO-OCD patients, while hypoconnectivity with the frontoparietal network may reflect a neural mechanism underlying LO-OCD.</p>","PeriodicalId":20891,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Medicine","volume":"55 ","pages":"e258"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144966490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to the editor: Early adversity and inflammation at midlife: the moderating role of internalizing psychopathology.","authors":"Hisao Toyoshima, Masayoshi Koinuma, Tomohide Akase","doi":"10.1017/S0033291725101554","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291725101554","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20891,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Medicine","volume":"55 ","pages":"e259"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144966510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validity and reliability of the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview in Sub-Saharan Africa: a cross-country comparison study.","authors":"Kristina J Korte, Kimberly Hook, Rocky Stroud, Amantia Ametaj, Manasi Sharma, Hayden Mountcastle, Biruh Alemayehu, Beakal Amare, Azeb Asaminew Alemu, Ribka Birhanu, Engida Girma, Barkot Milkias, Mahlet Yared, Florence Jaguga, Jackline Mmochi, Felitcita Omari, Edgar Guma, Hillary Kutessa, Claire Kwagala, Harriet Nakuya, Molly Naisanga, Dickens Akena, Lukoye Atwoli, Symon Kariuki, Charles R J C Newton, Zukiswa Zingela, Dan J Stein, Teferra Solomon, Karestan C Koenen, Bizu Gelaye","doi":"10.1017/S0033291725100573","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0033291725100573","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diagnostic tools, such as the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) 7.0.2 and the Structured Clinical Interview for the DSM-5 (SCID), aim to increase the validity and reliability of diagnostic assessment. However, these tools were created in high-income countries (HICs) with limited investigation of the psychometrics of these tools when used in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Thus, there is a need to examine the psychometric properties of these measures in LMICs. The present investigation aimed to examine the use of the MINI in Ethiopia, Kenya, and Uganda.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A multicountry comparison of the validity and reliability of the MINI was conducted in a study of 954 participants (<i>n</i> = 667 cases; <i>n</i> = 287 controls) with and without a psychotic spectrum disorder, defined as any psychotic or bipolar spectrum disorder for the NeuroGAP - Psychosis study. Test-retest reliability of the MINI was examined in a subset of 303 participants (<i>n</i> = 164 cases; <i>n</i> = 139 controls) from the overall sample.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results revealed the MINI and SCID provided excellent diagnostic accuracy with area under the curve (AUC) values of .91 (<i>SE</i> = .01) for the MINI and .95 (<i>SE</i> = .01) for the SCID. Positive predictive values (PPV) were the highest for the SCID (93.8%) and slightly lower for the MINI (88.7%). Reliability analyses revealed substantial agreement for psychotic and bipolar diagnostic groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Similar patterns of results were observed at the country level with a few notable differences. Limitations and future directions are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":20891,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Medicine","volume":"55 ","pages":"e254"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12453114/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144966453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}