Recenti progressi in medicina最新文献

{"title":"Il verde urbano ai confini tra adattamento e mitigazione dei cambiamenti climatici.","authors":"Alessio Perilli, Edda Parrinello, Simona Vecchi, Francesca De' Donato, Manuela De Sario, Chiara Badaloni, Paola Michelozzi","doi":"10.1701/4392.43934","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1701/4392.43934","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In urban areas, environmental exposures to air pollution, extreme temperatures and noise as well as socio-economic inequalities are amplified. Urban green spaces offer dual benefits: they help mitigate climate change and improve public health by fostering connection to nature, reducing noise and air pollution, mitigating the urban heat island effect, and promoting physical activity. Within the 2023 \"Cobenefici di Salute ed equità a supporto dei piani di risposta ai cambiamenti climatici in Italia\" project funded by the Ministry of Health, we identified health indicators to assess climate action co-benefits, including those on cardiovascular disease mortality and morbidity, birth outcomes and mental health. An increase of 0.1 in the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) was found to be associated with a 3% reduction in cardiovascular mortality rates (95% CI: -4% to -1%). Such estimates will be applied in health impact assessment studies to help guide effective climate adaptation and public health strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":20887,"journal":{"name":"Recenti progressi in medicina","volume":"115 12","pages":"632-635"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142838931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Il ruolo della Real World Evidence nella fase pre-marketing dei farmaci: le esperienze e le prospettive future di Fondazione ReS nel delineare i confini delle Target Population.","authors":"Letizia Dondi, Giulia Ronconi, Leonardo Dondi, Irene Dell'Anno, Silvia Calabria, Alice Addesi, Immacolata Esposito, Aldo P Maggioni, Nello Martini, Carlo Piccinni","doi":"10.1701/4392.43928","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1701/4392.43928","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The role of Real-World Evidence (RWE) concerns the entire drug lifecycle; despite widely recognised in the post-marketing, it is still debated in the pre-marketing, mainly as per the identification and analysis of target populations (TPs) for new drugs or indications. Through administrative healthcare databases, Research and Health Foundation (ReS), in collaboration with experts, develops algorithms to select and analyse TPs. As of March 2024, 85 TPs in 15 clinical areas have been analysed, of which oncology is the most represented. Findings on prevalence and incidence of specific diseases (or subpopulations), patient characteristics and costs directly charged to the Italian National Health Service, are provided. These are useful for healthcare institutions and pharmaceutical companies. In the future, efforts will focus on the development of tools based on artificial intelligence and synthetic data to improve analyses of TPs and support regulatory decisions on drugs.</p>","PeriodicalId":20887,"journal":{"name":"Recenti progressi in medicina","volume":"115 12","pages":"620-621"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142838974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Un viaggio al confine di linguaggi, ruoli e prospettive: la nota informativa al consenso alla cistectomia radicale promossa dall’associazione PaLiNUro.","authors":"Pasquale Paletta, Paola Mosconi, Cinzia Colombo, Enza Dossena, Fabrizio Longo, Massimo Maffezzini, Simone Albisinni, Roberto Salvioni, Alessandro Boni, Daniela Girardo, Laura Magenta, Edoardo Fiorini","doi":"10.1701/4392.43933","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1701/4392.43933","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Informed consent is mandatory for an individual to receive a clinical service, yet the process is often still tough and twisty. This is a hot topic also for patient associations and thus PaLiNUro associaton set the objective to produce, with a multidisciplinary approach, a simple but comprehensive information note to the informed consent for people with urothelial cancer about to undergo to a radical cystectomy surgery. After assessing as not valid 12 information notes from nine Italian hospitals, the multidisciplinary group produced an eight-page document accompanied by a supplemental document for further details, both available on PaLiNUro website.</p>","PeriodicalId":20887,"journal":{"name":"Recenti progressi in medicina","volume":"115 12","pages":"630-631"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142839067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"(Con)fine della salute: restituzione del lavoro di un ambulatorio popolare dai margini della città.","authors":"Andrea Carrozzini, Lorenzo Ariani, Giulia Arrighetti, Tommaso Brogi, Michele Carpino, Lorenzo D'Innocenzo, Ilaria Dei, Francesco De Michele, Claudia Gatti, Marianna Marini, Alessia Pontoriero, Annarita Sallustio, Lucrezia Vagnoni, Annalisa Villa","doi":"10.1701/4392.43924","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1701/4392.43924","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The data from recent years on chronic disease mortality in Rome's V district show a significant disparity compared to the city's central neighborhoods, with a 23% increase in chronic diseases and an 80% rise in diabetes cases. The 'Ambulatorio Popolare Roma Est', an autonomous healthcare facility founded in 2022 in Quarticciolo neighborhood, is run by over 30 volunteers, including medical specialists, therapists, nutritionists and students. The clinic provides free services such as medical consultations, psychological support and nutritional advice. Its goals are to improve access to healthcare, advocate for institutional support and empower the community through health education and social determinants. In 2023, 205 medical consultations were conducted with 55 new patients, mostly aged 60-75. Many faced obstacles like long wait times in National health service, denied appointments or lack of information in access the public system. The clinic emphasizes that the growing health needs in this area are being systematically ignored, leading to further health inequities in an already socially deprived neighborhood.</p>","PeriodicalId":20887,"journal":{"name":"Recenti progressi in medicina","volume":"115 12","pages":"612-613"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142838680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"L’inquinamento atmosferico non ha confini.","authors":"Carla Ancona, Paola Michelozzi","doi":"10.1701/4392.43915","DOIUrl":"10.1701/4392.43915","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Air pollution has no borders. Over 90% of the global population breathes air contaminated daily by pollutants such as fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 and PM 10), ozone, and nitrogen dioxide (NO2), with serious consequences for public health and the environment. Climate change and air pollution are closely interconnected, with the latter contributing to the ongoing climate crisis by causing an increase in ozone and particulate matter levels. In Italy, each year during 2016-2019, 72,083 deaths (11.7%) were estimated to be attributable to annual mean levels of PM 2.5 above 5 µg/m3 (Who - 2021 treshold), mainly in the regions of the Po Valley and in metropolitan areas. Pollutants, transported over long distances, do not respect geographic or political boundaries, requiring regional air quality plans. Interregional collaboration is therefore necessary to prevent disparities in air quality and public health. The Italian network for environment and health (Rias) promotes an integrated approach to improving public health and tackling environmental risks.Crisi climatica e qualità dell'ariaIn un momento storico segnato da muri e nazionalismi, è importante ricordare che l'inquinamento atmosferico è un problema globale che non conosce confini geografici o politici. Oltre il 90% della popolazione mondiale respira quotidianamente aria contaminata da agenti inquinanti quali particolato fine (PM 2,5 e PM 10), ozono (O3), biossido di azoto (NO2), con gravi conseguenze sulla salute pubblica e sull'ambiente. Le città densamente popolate e le aree industriali sono tra le più inquinate, ma anche le zone rurali dove il riscaldamento (biomasse e pellet) e il traffico veicolare sono le principali fonti di inquinamento atmosferico. Contribuiscono al carico di inquinamento anche le emissioni industriali e il contributo significativo delle emissioni di ammoniaca che vengono dall'agricoltura e in particolare dagli allevamenti intensivi: attraverso processi di interazione con altre sostanze presenti in atmosfera, l'ammoniaca prodotta si trasforma in particolato fine. Queste fonti sono spesso concentrate in specifiche aree regionali, soprattutto vicino ai centri urbani o zone industriali, ma gli inquinanti possono essere trasportati per lunghe distanze dal vento e da altri fattori meteorologici, superando i confini regionali (ne è un esempio il fenomeno delle polveri sahariane che colpisce di più le aree contigue, ma raggiunge grandi distanze).L'ultimo rapporto dell'Agenzia europea per l'ambiente ha aggiornato i dati sulla concentrazione di PM 2,5 in circa 370 città europee, con una popolazione maggiore di 50mila abitanti, relativi agli anni 2022 e 2023. I dati, pubblicati lo scorso agosto, evidenziano come, tra le città monitorate, solo 13 (situate quasi tutte in Scandinavia) rispettano il nuovo limite raccomandato dall'Organizzazione mondiale della sanità (Oms) di 5 µg/m3, annui di PM 2,51. Chi vive nelle città della Pianura Padana respira aria di qualità generalmente","PeriodicalId":20887,"journal":{"name":"Recenti progressi in medicina","volume":"115 12","pages":"585-587"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142838950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Il percorso di cura nel fine vita dei pazienti con tumore del sistema nervoso centrale nella Regione Lazio: analisi preliminari.","authors":"Alessandro C Rosa, Arianna Bellini, Michela Servadio, Elena Mazzalai, Ilaria Cozzi, Antonio Addis, Valeria Belleudi","doi":"10.1701/4365.43597","DOIUrl":"10.1701/4365.43597","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This analysis aims to describe the care pathways of patients with central nervous system (Cns) tumors during the last 30 days of life, using relevant indicators retrieved from regional healthcare information system data, compare these indicators with those of patients who died from other solid tumors, and assess the role of socioeconomic position (Sep) in accessing end-of-life care among Cns patients. The study included 2,795 patients who died from Cns tumors between 2015 and 2019. In the last 30 days of life, compared to the solid tumor cohort, Cns patients had less access to emergency services and hospitalizations. Regarding treatments, the percentage of opioid users was significantly lower than that of solid tumor patients. Concerning the role of Sep, Cns patients with a higher Sep were less likely to access the Emergency Room and more likely to receive antitumor. In conclusion, the analysis of administrative databases in epidemiology is essential in order to monitor care pathways targeted at highly vulnerable populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":20887,"journal":{"name":"Recenti progressi in medicina","volume":"115 11","pages":"550-551"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142644512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anche in ospedale ci si innamora.","authors":"Giuseppe R Gristina","doi":"10.1701/4365.43607","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1701/4365.43607","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20887,"journal":{"name":"Recenti progressi in medicina","volume":"115 11","pages":"570"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142644577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sicurezza degli integratori alimentari: dagli influencer alle segnalazioni del sistema italiano di fitosorveglianza.","authors":"Ilaria Ippoliti, Roberto Da Cas, Giuseppe Marano, Arianna Annunziata, Emanuela Salvi, Paola Ruggeri, Francesca Menniti-Ippolito","doi":"10.1701/4365.43605","DOIUrl":"10.1701/4365.43605","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To assess the safety profile of dietary supplements with a focus on those purchased online or reported via the internet.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 2,367 reports of Adverse Reactions (ARs) to dietary supplements collected within the Italian Phitovigilance System, 49.4% were from citizens and 33.7% from companies. From these we selected 129 reports (6%) in which an online purchase or an adverse reaction retrieved from the web was indicated (e.g. Amazon®). The most frequent ARs referred to the gastrointestinal tract (31.4%) and the central nervous system (17.6%). Nineteen percent were used for sleep disorders and 14% for disturbances of the prostate.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The Italian Phytovigilance System is the only tool that provides information on the possible risks associated with the use of food supplements purchased online but the quality of the information collected needs to be improved.</p>","PeriodicalId":20887,"journal":{"name":"Recenti progressi in medicina","volume":"115 11","pages":"566-567"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142644629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Abortion in Italy (Law n.194/1978): what role for non-objecting doctors?]","authors":"Giuseppe R Gristina","doi":"10.1701/4365.43583","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1701/4365.43583","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recently, talking about abortion, the Pope has spoken harshly regarding the role played by non-objecting doctors. The article discusses: 1) the ethical and health aspects that the denial of the right to terminate pregnancy entails; 2) the positive results obtained by non-objecting doctors 50 years after the implementation of Law no. 194/1978, in terms of safeguarding women's health and guaranteeing the implementation of a state law.</p>","PeriodicalId":20887,"journal":{"name":"Recenti progressi in medicina","volume":"115 11","pages":"505-506"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142643920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Somatropin therapy in Italy during 2019-2022: prevalence and incidence rates estimated by data from the national register and regional health sources.]","authors":"Arianna Valerio, Daniela Rotondi, Roberto Da Cas, Flavia Pricci, Giuseppe Traversa","doi":"10.1701/4365.43585","DOIUrl":"10.1701/4365.43585","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The availability of epidemiological data relating to the therapy with somatropin (recombinant Growth Hormone, rGH) is scarce and mostly limited to specific clinical conditions. In Italy, the National Register of rGH users (Registro nazionale degli assuntori dell'ormone della crescita - Rnaoc) has been established since 2004 as recommended by the Italian medicine agency (Aifa). However, prevalence (P) and incidence (I) estimates in the Italian population are lacking.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from the Rnaoc and a questionnaire submitted to all the Italian regions have been used to calculate P and I rates of rGH treatment exposure in the Italian paediatric (0-17 years) and adult (≥18 years) population during 2019-2022; P and I rates of growth hormone deficiency (GHD) in paediatric patients have been estimated as well. Results from the two data sources have been compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 2019-2022, the estimated P rate in the paediatric population was 13,4/10.000, in adults 0,7/10.000 inhabitants; the I rate was 2,3/10.000 and 0,06/10.000 inhabitants, correspondingly. The estimated P rate of paediatric GHD was 8,9/10.000, the I rate was 1,5/10.000 inhabitants, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Study results showed a better reliability of data collected via questionnaire because more consistent with Italian regional resident populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":20887,"journal":{"name":"Recenti progressi in medicina","volume":"115 11","pages":"511-516"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142644434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}