发布求助
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献

Reactions最新文献

筛选
英文 中文
UV/VIS-Spectroscopic Inline Measurement for the Detection of Fouling Processes during the Polymerization of N-Vinylpyrrolidone 紫外/可见光谱在线检测n -乙烯基吡咯烷酮聚合过程中的污垢
Reactions Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.3390/reactions4010011
Erik Spoor, S. Welzel, U. Nieken, M. Rädle
{"title":"UV/VIS-Spectroscopic Inline Measurement for the Detection of Fouling Processes during the Polymerization of N-Vinylpyrrolidone","authors":"Erik Spoor, S. Welzel, U. Nieken, M. Rädle","doi":"10.3390/reactions4010011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/reactions4010011","url":null,"abstract":"With the goal to better process the monitoring of occurring fouling, a backscatter probe was developed to perform in-line measurements in a half-shell reactor during the reaction of N-vinylpyrrolidone (NVP) to polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). The measurement technique detects the changes of bands in the UV range, which allows a direct correlation with the concentration. Thus, the measured absorbance signal allows a conclusion on the accumulation of fouling in the reactor and on changes in the conversion at the measurement location.","PeriodicalId":20873,"journal":{"name":"Reactions","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72693621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Initial Steps in the Reaction of H2O2 with Fe2+ and Fe3+ Ions: Inconsistency in the Free Radical Theory H2O2与Fe2+和Fe3+离子反应的初始步骤:自由基理论的不一致性
Reactions Pub Date : 2023-02-20 DOI: 10.3390/reactions4010010
M. L. Kremer
{"title":"Initial Steps in the Reaction of H2O2 with Fe2+ and Fe3+ Ions: Inconsistency in the Free Radical Theory","authors":"M. L. Kremer","doi":"10.3390/reactions4010010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/reactions4010010","url":null,"abstract":"Consideration of the changes in free energy shows that the assumed initial steps in reactions of H2O2 with Fe2+ and Fe3+ in the free radical theory are not consistent. The free radical theory is unable to account for the Fe3+-initiated decomposition of H2O2 or for oxidations by it. In reactions with Fe2+ ions at high [H2O2], where O2 evolution reaches a limit, such limit is not foreseen by the free radical model. At lower [H2O2], because of a disallowed substitution in the equation used, the interpretation is not valid. It appears, therefore, that free radicals derived from H2O2 do not provide a suitable basis for constructing models for these reactions. Non-radical models are more successful in interpreting experimental results.","PeriodicalId":20873,"journal":{"name":"Reactions","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83543990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Behavior of Premixed Sooting Flame in a High-Pressure Burner 高压燃烧器中预混合烟尘火焰的特性
Reactions Pub Date : 2023-02-02 DOI: 10.3390/reactions4010009
A. Saylam
{"title":"Behavior of Premixed Sooting Flame in a High-Pressure Burner","authors":"A. Saylam","doi":"10.3390/reactions4010009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/reactions4010009","url":null,"abstract":"The second-order factor effect of burner optical ports and edge inter-matrices (EIM) and the first-order factor of pressure on the soot formation process and behavior of premixed sooting flames in a high-pressure burner are numerically investigated here. Three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations of a premixed flame C2H4/air at p = 1.01 and 10 bar using a one-step chemistry approach are first performed to justify the satisfied predictability of the prospective axisymmetric two-dimensional (2D) and one-dimensional (1D) simulations. The justified 2D simulation approach shows the generation of an axial vorticity around the EIM and axial multi-vorticities due to the high expansion rate of burnt gases at the high pressure of 10 bar. This leads to the development of axial multi-sooting zones, which are manifested experimentally by visible luminous soot streaks, and to the boosting of soot formation conditions of a relatively low-temperature field, <1800 K, and a high mixing rate of gases in combustion around and above the EIM location. Nevertheless, a tolerable effect on the centerline soot volume fraction (fV) profile, fV < 3%, is manifested only at high heights above the burner of the atmospheric sooting flame C2H4/air ϕ = 2.1, and early at the high pressure of 10 bar of this flame, fV < 10%. Enhancing the combustion process reactivity by decreasing the rich equivalence ratio of the fuel/air mixture and/or rising the pressure results in the prior formation of soot precursors, which shifts the sooting zone upstream.","PeriodicalId":20873,"journal":{"name":"Reactions","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88964890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Simple Way to Obtain a Decachloro Derivative of Cobalt Bis(dicarbollide) 一种简单制备二碳内酯钴十氯衍生物的方法
Reactions Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.3390/reactions4010008
Sergey A. Anufriev, M. Stogniy, I. Sivaev
{"title":"A Simple Way to Obtain a Decachloro Derivative of Cobalt Bis(dicarbollide)","authors":"Sergey A. Anufriev, M. Stogniy, I. Sivaev","doi":"10.3390/reactions4010008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/reactions4010008","url":null,"abstract":"A simple synthetic way to obtain a decachloro derivative of cobalt bis(dicarbollide) has been found. The reaction of cesium salt of cobalt bis(dicarbollide) anion with aluminum chloride in chloroform under reflux conditions results in Cs[3,3′-Co(4,7,8,9,12-Cl5-1,2-C2B9H6)2] of high purity and good yield.","PeriodicalId":20873,"journal":{"name":"Reactions","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89762265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Brief Review: Advancement in the Synthesis of Amine through the Leuckart Reaction Leuckart反应合成胺的研究进展
Reactions Pub Date : 2023-01-29 DOI: 10.3390/reactions4010007
Q. Umar, Mei Luo
{"title":"A Brief Review: Advancement in the Synthesis of Amine through the Leuckart Reaction","authors":"Q. Umar, Mei Luo","doi":"10.3390/reactions4010007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/reactions4010007","url":null,"abstract":"This review presents a summary of reactions that take place during the “Leuckart-type reaction”. The significance of, as well as recent advancements in, the synthesis of amines through simple and inexpensive methods using readily available raw materials is discussed. This review includes all catalytic and noncatalytic reactions that involve the Leuckart method. Recent studies have shown that at least a quarter of C–N bond-forming reactions in the pharmaceutical industry are occur with the support of reductive amination. Recently, experimental conditions have achieved excellent yields. The “Leuckart-type reaction” is technically associated with Eschweiler–Clarke methylation. Compounds are grouped in accordance with the precept of action. This includes drugs affecting the central nervous system, cardiovascular system and gastrointestinal tract; anticancer drugs, antibiotics, antiviral and antifungal drugs; drugs affecting anxiety; convulsant, biotic, and HIV drugs; and antidiabetic drugs. Therefore, this review supports the development of the Leuckart-type preparation of nitrogenous compounds, as well as their advancement in other areas of human development.","PeriodicalId":20873,"journal":{"name":"Reactions","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91333358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Employing Molecular Docking Calculations for the Design of Alkyl (2-Alcoxy-2-Hydroxypropanoyl)-L-Tryptophanate Derivatives as Potential Inhibitors of 11β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1 (11β-HSD1) 利用分子对接计算设计11β-羟基类固醇脱氢酶1型(11β-HSD1)抑制剂的烷基(2-醇基-2-羟丙基)- l -色氨酸衍生物
Reactions Pub Date : 2023-01-19 DOI: 10.3390/reactions4010006
Diego Quiroga
{"title":"Employing Molecular Docking Calculations for the Design of Alkyl (2-Alcoxy-2-Hydroxypropanoyl)-L-Tryptophanate Derivatives as Potential Inhibitors of 11β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1 (11β-HSD1)","authors":"Diego Quiroga","doi":"10.3390/reactions4010006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/reactions4010006","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we presented the design by computational tools of novel alkyl (2-alcoxy-2-hydroxypropanoyl)-L-tryptophanate derivatives, which can be potential inhibitors of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1). The molecular structure optimization of a group of 36 compounds was performed employing DFT-B3LYP calculations at the level 6-311G(d,p). Then, molecular docking calculations were performed using Autodock tools software, employing the Lamarckian genetic algorithm (LGA). Four parameters (binding, intermolecular and Van Der Waals hydrogen bonding desolvation energies, and HOMO-LUMO gap) were used to evaluate the potential as 11β-HSD1 inhibitors, which nominate L-tryptophan derivatives as the most promissory molecules. Finally, these molecules were obtained starting from the amino acid and pyruvic acid in a convergent methodology with moderate to low yields.","PeriodicalId":20873,"journal":{"name":"Reactions","volume":"70 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79944334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Acknowledgment to the Reviewers of Reactions in 2022 对2022年《反应》评审者的感谢
Reactions Pub Date : 2023-01-17 DOI: 10.3390/reactions4010005
{"title":"Acknowledgment to the Reviewers of Reactions in 2022","authors":"","doi":"10.3390/reactions4010005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/reactions4010005","url":null,"abstract":"High-quality academic publishing is built on rigorous peer review [...]","PeriodicalId":20873,"journal":{"name":"Reactions","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79078593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Determination of Kinetic Parameters of Fischer–Tropsch Synthesis in the Presence of a Granular Cobalt Catalyst 颗粒钴催化剂存在下费托合成动力学参数的测定
Reactions Pub Date : 2023-01-11 DOI: 10.3390/reactions4010004
L. Sineva, K. Gryaznov, Victor De, Andrei Gorshkov, V. Mordkovich
{"title":"Determination of Kinetic Parameters of Fischer–Tropsch Synthesis in the Presence of a Granular Cobalt Catalyst","authors":"L. Sineva, K. Gryaznov, Victor De, Andrei Gorshkov, V. Mordkovich","doi":"10.3390/reactions4010004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/reactions4010004","url":null,"abstract":"Some kinetic parameters of Fischer–Tropsch synthesis (FTS) were determined in the presence of a granular cobalt/zeolite catalyst. Usually, kinetic studies of granular catalysts are considered to be complicated by external and internal diffusion. We managed to obtain a catalyst with a special structure of the active surface, where sites active in FTS are isolated from each other due to the environment of inactive spinel CoAl2O4 and inter-site transport is provided by an extensive intragranular graphitic network serving simultaneously as a heat-conductive medium. As a result, FTS proceeded in the kinetic region. It was found that the reaction kinetics obey the Arrhenius law; whereas, the activation energy is different in different temperature ranges, i.e., 118.2 kJ/mol in the range of 180–210 °C, and 173.6 kJ/mol in the range of 232–243 °C. This behavior is determined by the presence of zeolite, which becomes active in the secondary transformations of FTS products at temperatures beyond 210 °C.","PeriodicalId":20873,"journal":{"name":"Reactions","volume":"154 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75923986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Critical Review of Sustainable Vanillin-modified Vitrimers: Synthesis, Challenge and Prospects 可持续香草素修饰的玻璃体:合成、挑战与展望
Reactions Pub Date : 2023-01-02 DOI: 10.3390/reactions4010003
M. A. Rashid, Md Nabiul Hasan, MD Anisur Rahman Dayan, Mohammad Salman Ibna Jamal, M. K. Patoary
{"title":"A Critical Review of Sustainable Vanillin-modified Vitrimers: Synthesis, Challenge and Prospects","authors":"M. A. Rashid, Md Nabiul Hasan, MD Anisur Rahman Dayan, Mohammad Salman Ibna Jamal, M. K. Patoary","doi":"10.3390/reactions4010003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/reactions4010003","url":null,"abstract":"Nearly 90% of thermosets are produced from petroleum resources, they have remarkable mechanical characteristics, are chemically durable, and dimensionally stable. However, they can contribute to global warming, depletion of petroleum reserves, and environmental contamination during manufacture, use, and disposal. Using renewable resources to form thermosetting materials is one of the most crucial aspects of addressing the aforementioned issues. Vanillin-based raw materials have been used in the industrial manufacturing of polymer materials because they are simple to modify structurally. Conversely, traditional thermosetting materials as a broad class of high-molecular-weight molecules are challenging to heal, decompose and recover owing to their permanent 3-D crosslinking network. Once the products are damaged, recycling issues could arise, causing resource loss and environmental impact. It could be solved by inserting dynamic covalent adaptable networks (DCANs) into the polymer chains, increasing product longevity, and minimizing waste. It also improves the attractiveness of these products in the prospective field. Moreover, it is essential to underline that increasing product lifespan and reducing waste is equivalent to reducing the expense of consuming resources. The detailed synthesis, reprocessing, thermal, and mechanical characteristics of partly and entirely biomass thermosetting polymers made from vanillin-modified monomers are covered in the current work. Finally, the review highlights the benefits, difficulties, and application of these emerging vanillin-modified vitrimers as a potential replacement for conventional non-recyclable thermosets.","PeriodicalId":20873,"journal":{"name":"Reactions","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83644973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 9
Amphotericin B 两性霉素B
Reactions Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/s40278-023-31885-z
{"title":"Amphotericin B","authors":"","doi":"10.1007/s40278-023-31885-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40278-023-31885-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20873,"journal":{"name":"Reactions","volume":"57 1","pages":"5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82282381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
首页 上一页 下一页 尾页
0
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整，为了账户安全，请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
相关产品
×
本文献相关产品
联系我们：info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务，方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号：481959085
Book学术官方微信