Psychiatria polska最新文献

{"title":"Pathological personality traits intensity variation according to ICD-11 within general population and clinical groups.","authors":"Marcin Kłosowski, Jan Cieciuch","doi":"10.12740/PP/OnlineFirst/208888","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12740/PP/OnlineFirst/208888","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The article presents a study aiming to verify the intensification of personality disorder traits described in the ICD-11 classification in three groups with varying severities of mental health problems.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study was conducted in three groups differing in the severity of mental health problems: (1) a sample from the general population (N = 328; 61% women, M = 39.80; SD = 12.11); (2) a sample of people using psychotherapy or psychiatric consultations (N = 132; 68.2% women, M = 29.10; SD = 1.05); (3) a sample of people hospitalized in departments for the treatment of a personality disorder (N = 76; 76.3% women, M = 24.18; SD = 1.12). The intensification of pathological personality traits was measured using the Polish adaptation of the PiCD Questionnaire.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results basically confirmed the expected trend that as the severity of mental health problems increases, the intensity of pathological personality trait-domains also increases. A statistically significant trend was observed in the case of four trait-domains: \"Negative Affectivity\", \"Detachment\", \"Dissociality\", and \"Disinhibition\", with the largest effect observed in \"Negative Affectivity\". In the case of \"Anankastia\", the expected trend was not confirmed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The obtained results confirm the theoretical and clinical usefulness of the dimensional model of personality disorders proposed in ICD-11, simultaneously noting the need for further research on the specificity of \"Anankastia\".</p>","PeriodicalId":20863,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria polska","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149216474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polish adaptation of the Structured Interview of Personality Organization (STIPO-R-PL).","authors":"Emilia Soroko, Monika Olga Jańczak, Dominika Górska, Lidia Cierpiałkowska, Dorota Frydecka, Dorota Szcześniak, Małgorzata Kaczmarek-Fojtar, Piotr Musiał","doi":"10.12740/PP/OnlineFirst/207497","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12740/PP/OnlineFirst/207497","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of the study was to develop the Polish version of the Structured Interview for Personality Organization (STIPO-R-PL), conduct a preliminary assessment of its psychometric properties (interrater reliability, internal consistency, and validity), and disseminate knowledge about the tool among professionals working with patients with personality disorders.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Trained psychotherapists conducted STIPO-R-PL interviews with 104 patients aged 18-64 years (68.3% women). Additionally, data were collected using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 Personality Disorders (SCID-5-PD) and self-report questionnaires, including the Symptom Checklist (SCL-90-R) and the Borderline Personality Inventory (BPI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings indicate that STIPO-R-PL allows for consistent evaluations by independent, trained raters. The tool demonstrates acceptable reliability (with the exception of the mature defense mechanisms subscale). STIPO-R-PL scores correlate positively with both self-reported dimensions of personality pathology and the severity of psychopathological symptoms. Furthermore, patients meeting the diagnostic criteria for personality disorders (based on the clinical interview) obtain statistically significantly higher scores across all STIPO-R-PL dimensions compared to those who do not meet the criteria, with effect sizes in the medium range. These results support the validity of the interview.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We recommend STIPO-R-PL for further testing in clinical practice (psychotherapy and supervision) as well as for future research aimed at a more comprehensive evaluation of its psychometric properties and diagnostic utility.</p>","PeriodicalId":20863,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria polska","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149216512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expert group recommendations on the use of antipsychotic drugs in patients with somatic diseases. Part I: (metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular diseases).","authors":"Katarzyna Maria Bliźniewska-Kowalska, Katarzyna Wachowska, Krzysztof Piotrowski, Andrzej Silczuk, Olga Płaza, Agata Szulc, Dominika Dudek, Piotr Gałecki","doi":"10.12740/PP/OnlineFirst/208213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12740/PP/OnlineFirst/208213","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Antipsychotic drugs/antipsychotics as a group, despite their similar clinical effect, differ both in their chemical structure, pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties, as well as in the possible side effects of their use. When selecting the appropriate treatment for a patient, the clinician should be guided not only by the expected therapeutic effect, but also weigh the possible side effects, especially in patients burdened with additional somatic conditions. Almost all, with the exception of pimavanserin, which is not available in Poland, of the currently registered antipsychotics are D2 receptor antagonists. Second-generation drugs additionally exert significant effects on serotonergic transmission, primarily by blocking 5HT2a receptors. On the other hand, modern third-generation antipsychotics, in addition to antagonism to D2 receptors, also exhibit partial agonism towards dopamine receptors, which allows modulation of dopaminergic transmission. The aim of this paper is to provide guidance on the selection of antipsychotics for the treatment of psychiatric patients with co-morbid somatic conditions (part I of the recommendations concerns metabolic syndrome, hyperprolactinemia and cardiovascular conditions) based on the risk of possible side effects associated with the use of antipsychotics.</p>","PeriodicalId":20863,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria polska","volume":" ","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146030543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sixty years of neurotransmitter concepts of mood disorders.","authors":"Janusz Rybakowski","doi":"10.12740/PP/205845","DOIUrl":"10.12740/PP/205845","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The year 2025 marks the sixtieth anniversary of the publications that first proposed the neurotransmitter hypothesis of the pathogenesis and treatment of affective disorders. This concept, assuming the dominant function of catecholamines (noradrenaline and dopamine), further added with serotonin, is probably the most important theory regarding the biological pathogenesis and psychopharmacology of affective disorders. A history of the discovery of these neurotransmitters and their role in the central nervous system is presented.The catecholamine hypothesis was proposed in 1965 by American researchers Joseph Schildkraut, William Bunney and John Davis. It concerned a deficiency of noradrenaline in depression and its excess in mania, and later, a similar role of dopamine. The serotonin hypothesis of depression was presented in 1969 by the Briton Alec Coppen and the Soviet researchers Izaslaw Lapin and Grigorij Oxenkrug. The neurotransmitter concepts, especially serotonin theory, contributed to the discovery and introduction of new antidepressants. The selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors have become the most frequently used antidepressants nowadays. The introduction of fluoxetine (Prozac) in the USA at the turn of 1980s/1990s was a cultural event. In the 21st century, serotonin has made a career as a hormone of happiness and has appeared in literary works.Also now, the interpretation of the mechanism of action of the majority of antidepressants concerns their enhancement of noradrenergic, dopaminergic and serotonergic transmission in the central nervous system. The therapeutic effect in mania is associated with an inhibition of dopaminergic transmission. Among other neurotransmitters, acetylcholine can be mentioned as an element of the cholinergic-adrenergic hypothesis of mood disorders. Whereas the introduction of ketamine pointed to the role of glutamatergic neurotransmission in the pathogenesis of depression.</p>","PeriodicalId":20863,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria polska","volume":"59 5","pages":"707-720"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145912820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emotional conscience in individuals with affective disorders.","authors":"Roksana Epa, Katarzyna Olszewska-Turek, Anna Rajtar, Barbara Bętkowska-Korpała, Dominika Dudek","doi":"10.12740/PP/OnlineFirst/186661","DOIUrl":"10.12740/PP/OnlineFirst/186661","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of the study was to analyse the functioning of emotional conscience in individuals with mood disorders, taking into account the differences between patients with recurrent depression and patients with bipolar disorder. The dependence of the susceptibility to experiencing particular moral feelings on the symptoms of the illness - both on their type and severity - was also a subject of consideration.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Results from 131 subjects were analysed, including 44 patients with bipolar disorder, 33 patients with recurrent depression and 54 individuals without a diagnosis of mental disorders. More women (67%) than men (33%) took part in the study, the average age of the respondents was 43 years. The following research methods were used: the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D), the Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) and the Moral Feelings Scale (SUM-5).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Statistically significant differences were observed between the examined groups in the functioning of emotional conscience assessed using the SUM-5. Patients with mood disorders described themselves as experiencing some of the distinguished moral emotions with different susceptibility than healthy individuals. Similarly, different experiencing of these types of feelings was noticed in groups of patients with recurrent depression and bipolar disorder. The dependence of the functioning of their emotional conscience on the type and severity of experienced symptoms, assessed on the HAM-D and YMRS scales, was also noted.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The emotional conscience of people with mood disorders may have specific features, that are less pronounced in healthy subjects. Taking this into account seems to be an important aspect of understanding patients, helpful when building a healing relationship with them.</p>","PeriodicalId":20863,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria polska","volume":" ","pages":"797-813"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144199912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial.","authors":"Jerzy A Sobański, Dominika Dudek, Katarzyna Klasa","doi":"10.12740/PP/214118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12740/PP/214118","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p></p>","PeriodicalId":20863,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria polska","volume":"59 5","pages":"703-704"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145912848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of mycelia derived from in vitro cultures of Amanita spp. as a potential source of bioactive compounds with therapeutic potential for the mitigation and management of depressive disorders.","authors":"Katarzyna Kała, Katarzyna Sułkowska-Ziaja, Joanna Piotrowska, Marta Gajda, Agnieszka Sękara, Kamil Hnatyk, Jan Lazur, Bożena Muszyńska","doi":"10.12740/PP/OnlineFirst/193251","DOIUrl":"10.12740/PP/OnlineFirst/193251","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Mushrooms of the Amanita genus are considered among the most toxic, causing severe poisoning, often resulting in death. However, of the 707 described species within this genus, only around a dozen contain the toxic octapeptides classified as amanitotoxins and phallotoxins. While most representatives of the genus are considered inedible species, there are a few exceptions that are palatable edible species. Amanita muscaria and Amanita pantherina fall into the category of poisonous species, with significant ethnomycological impact on human evolution and sociology, alongside their other psychoactive effects. This study aimed to obtain mycelium of A. muscaria and A. pantherina species under controlled laboratory conditions, using 10 L air-lift bioreactors and to evaluate the obtained material as a potential pharmaceutical raw material containing muscimol and other biologically active compounds of importance, which may have significance in the prevention of depression.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The resulting biomass was analyzed by RP-HPLC and AAS to identify various organic compounds (indole compounds, sterols, lovastatin, ergothioneine, muscimol, and ibotenic acid) and different bioelements.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that the mycelium of A. muscaria contains several bioactive compounds, such as lovastatin, ergothioneine, and 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan, at higher levels than A. pantherina.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The determination of muscimol and other bioactive substances, which have not been previously studied, in the biomass obtained through in vitro cultivation, compared to those found in the fruiting bodies, suggests the potential of these species in the treatment of depression. However, further research, including in vitro experiments and subsequent clinical trials, is required.</p>","PeriodicalId":20863,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria polska","volume":" ","pages":"827-842"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144476458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognitive emotion regulation strategies as mediators of the relationship between mentalization ability and depressive symptoms in adolescents.","authors":"Wioletta Barbara Łubińska-Salej, Wioletta Radziwiłłowicz","doi":"10.12740/PP/OnlineFirst/200519","DOIUrl":"10.12740/PP/OnlineFirst/200519","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Sharp and Fonagy's conception was framework for a hypothesis regarding mentalization deficits as predictors of depressive disorders in adolescence. According to the theory, the mediators of this relationship would be the child's emotion regulation processes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The basis for planning and data analysis was correlation-regression model. A cross-sectional study was conducted on a non-clinical group of 204 adolescents - primary and secondary school students. The Polish versions of the following research tools were used: CDI-2 questionnaire by Kovacs, Reflective Functioning Questionnaire (RFQ-8) by Fonagy, Hypermentalization Questionnaire by Sharp, and Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ) by Garnefski and Kraaij.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Data analyses revealed that the more compromised the ability to mentalize, the greater the severity of depressive symptoms, especially those related to emotional problems: negative mood and low self-esteem. All the diagnostic criteria of the disease are linked to a diminished ability to understand the world of experiences - one's own and those of others. Both hypomentalization and hypermentalization are significant predictors of depressive symptoms in adolescents, with the mediator of this relationship being the triad of maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies: self-blame, rumination, and catastrophizing.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Self-blame constitutes the most common strategy combined with all types of mentalization deficits as well as all symptoms of depression. Whereas catastrophizing constitutes a regulation strategy that is mostly combined with one type of mentalization deficits.The obtained results require further research determining the conditions under which the exaggerated sense of guilt is associated with the occurrence of symptoms of psychopathol- ogy in adolescents.</p>","PeriodicalId":20863,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria polska","volume":" ","pages":"769-781"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145041182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effectiveness of medical education in schizophrenia depending on the mental state and type of treatment in forensic psychiatric patients.","authors":"Joanna Fojcik, Tomasz Sobierajski, Michał Górski, Ewa Martyniak, Agnieszka Borowska, Marek Krzystanek","doi":"10.12740/PP/OnlineFirst/193181","DOIUrl":"10.12740/PP/OnlineFirst/193181","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The main objective of the study was to answer the question of whether the clinical condition of the patient and the type of antipsychotic drug used affect the educational opportunities of patients hospitalised in forensic psychiatry departments participating in a health education programme.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study was conducted at the State Hospital for the Mentally and Neurologically Ill in Rybnik in the forensic psychiatry wards and lasted from December 2019 to May 2020. During the study, patients gained knowledge of health education. The study group consisted of 67 men aged 22-73 with a diagnosis of schizophrenia. The control group consisted of 40 patients aged 23-72 with the same diagnosis who were not educated. A dual measurement method was used (before and after the health education cycle) using the CGI-S scale and a proprietary questionnaire of patients' knowledge from the applied educational programme.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study showed that the severity of mental illness symptoms had a significant impact on patients' educational opportunities. The variety of antipsychotic medications used (atypical and classic) did not affect patients' educational opportunities. In addition, the study showed that the educational level of the patients had a significant impact on their educational opportunities.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The effectiveness of educational interventions depends on the severity of symptoms in patients diagnosed with schizophrenia, but does not depend on the type of pharmacotherapy used.</p>","PeriodicalId":20863,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria polska","volume":" ","pages":"861-878"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144302753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The time of contact with the media as a potential source of behaviours similar to the features of autism spectrum disorders in children aged 6-10.","authors":"Małgorzata Chojak, Agnieszka Lewicka-Zelent","doi":"10.12740/PP/193433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12740/PP/193433","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of the study was to see if and to what extent the length of time spent in front of a TV, computer, laptop or tablet screen differentiates the development of children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study included 46 girls and 55 boys aged 6-10. The children were tested with the IDS-2 test, while parents were asked to fill out questionnaires, regarding demographic information, time of contact with media and child development. Diagnosis was made for ASD, ADHD, depressive symptoms and anxiety disorders.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results indicated significant differences between children spending more than two hours a day in front of a computer or TV and those with less contact time, in terms of large motor development and the social-emotional sphere in the test used to diagnose autism.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results are consistent with reports indicating a potential link between media contact time and ASD traits in children. It is therefore reasonable not only to limit the amount of time early school-age children spend in contact with the media, but also to closely monitor those who exceed this time limit.</p>","PeriodicalId":20863,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria polska","volume":"59 5","pages":"737-754"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145912860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}