Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology最新文献

{"title":"Pregabalin abuse among patients with opioid use disorders may increase the severity of withdrawal symptoms: a single-center, case-control study","authors":"Özlem Çıtak Ekici, Volkan Şahiner, G. Erzin, Davut Ocak, Ş. Şahi̇ner, E. Göka","doi":"10.1080/24750573.2019.1673946","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24750573.2019.1673946","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: Opioid addiction is a disease that is increasing in our country, Turkey, and around the world, which it is difficult to treat in medical, social, and economic terms. Pregabalin is a preparation used for the treatment of epilepsy, neuropathic pain, and anxiety disorders. In opioid users, pregabalin is increasingly being self-administered off-label due to its euphoria effect at high doses. We investigated the effects of pregabalin on addiction profile and opioid withdrawal severity by comparing patients with opioid addiction who were and were not using off-label pregabalin. METHODS: Between July and August 2016, a total of 120 patients (60 patients were pregabalin users and 60 patients were non-users) who presented to Ankara Numune Training and Research Hospital Psychiatry Clinic Alcohol and Substance Addiction Treatment Center and were diagnosed with opioid use disorder according to the DSM-5, were included in the study. Patients who were using other substances were excluded from the study. A sociodemographic data form, the Clinical Opiate Withdrawal Scale, and Addiction Profile Index (API) were applied to the patients. RESULTS: There was no statistically significant difference between pregabalin users and pregabalin non-users in terms of age, sex, age of onset, working status, and whether previous treatment had been received. In the pregabalin user group, the severity of opioid withdrawal, API substance use characteristics, diagnosis, effects on life, craving, motivation subscale scores, and API total score were found to be significantly higher than in the non-user group. CONCLUSION: Off-label pregabalin use among patients with opioid addiction is becoming more common. Off-label, high-dose pregabalin use may worsen existing opioid addiction, create a new area of ⁣⁣addiction, and an illegal market. Highlights We aimed to investigate the effects of pregabalin on addiction profile and opioid withdrawal severity by comparing patients with opioid addiction who were and were not using off-label pregabalin. In the pregabalin user group, the severity of opioid withdrawal, and API total score were found to be significantly higher than in the non-user group. The use of off-label, high-dose pregabalin may worsen existing opioid addiction.","PeriodicalId":20847,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology","volume":"1 1","pages":"479 - 483"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90160432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Automatic thoughts, cognitive distortions, dysfunctional attitudes, core beliefs, and ruminative response styles in unipolar major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder: a comparative study","authors":"Nurgul Yesilyaprak, S. Batmaz, M. Yıldız, E. Songur, Esma Akpınar Aslan","doi":"10.1080/24750573.2019.1690815","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24750573.2019.1690815","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT OBJECTIVES: We aimed to compare patients with bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder, who were either in an acute depressive episode or in remission, and a healthy control group on their cognitions related to depression and mania/hypomania, and on their response styles. METHODS: A total of 300 participants who presented to our outpatient psychiatry department were included in the study (100 participants with unipolar depression (DG), 100 with bipolar disorder, and 100 with no previous or current psychiatric disorder (CG)). The participants completed the Cognition Checklist (CCL), the Cognition Checklist for Mania (CCL-M-R), the Cognitive Distortions Questionnaire (CDQ), the Dysfunctional Attitude Scale (DAS), the Hypomanic Attitudes and Positive Predictions Inventory (HAPPI), the Brief Core Schemas Scale (BCSS), Ruminative Response Scale (RRS), and the Responses to Positive Affect Questionnaire (RPAQ). The groups were compared with each other by one-way analysis of variance, independent samples t-test, and chi-square tests. RESULTS: The DG scored higher than the other groups on the CCL, the frequency and intensity subscales of the CDQ, the DAS, and the negative-self and negative-others subscales of the BCSS, the RRS, and on the dampening subscale of the RPAQ. The clinical groups scored higher than the CG on the scores of the relationships subscale of the CCL-M-R, the total score of the CDQ, and the HAPPI. The CG scored higher than the clinical groups on the positive-self subscale of the BCSS, and on the emotion focused positive rumination subscale. CONCLUSIONS: These findings are important in the differential diagnosis of mood disorders, and for their treatment with cognitive behavioural psychotherapy.","PeriodicalId":20847,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology","volume":"1 1","pages":"854 - 863"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90262589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quality of life, depression, and anxiety in Turkish children with vitiligo and their parents","authors":"Özlem Önen, Selcen Kundak, Handan Özek Erkuran, A. Kutlu, B. Çakaloz","doi":"10.1080/24750573.2018.1454385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24750573.2018.1454385","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Vitiligo is a chronic skin condition among psychocutaneous diseases that significantly affect psychiatric well-being of patients, social interactions, and overall quality of life. Only a limited number of studies about psychiatric well-being and quality of life in children with vitiligo and their parents are available. AIMS: With this study, we aimed to assess anxiety, depression, and quality of life in children diagnosed with vitiligo and their parents. METHODS AND MATERIAL: Forty-one vitiligo patients aged 9–16 years 30 healthy controls along with their parents were asked to fill out self-report forms that assessed quality of life (Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory – Child Form; PedsQL-C and Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory – Parent Form; PedsQL-P), anxiety (State–Trait Anxiety Inventory – STAI-C for children and Beck Anxiety Inventory – BAI for parents), and depression (Children’s Depression Inventory – CDI and Beck Depression Inventory – BDI for parents). RESULTS: Between groups, significant differences were found in PedsQL-C subscales measuring school functioning, psychosocial health, and overall quality of life. Regarding PedsQL-P scores, there was a significant difference in physical functioning, social functioning, and overall quality of life. No statistical significance was found between groups regarding CDI and STAI-C scores. There was a significant difference in BDI, with higher scores in parents of children with vitiligo. CONCLUSIONS: We believe measuring life quality with standardized instruments and techniques would be important in the assessment of the patient to evaluate the efficacy of treatment, specifically in chronic disorders. Further studies addressing these issues, especially in children, adolescents, and their parents are warranted.","PeriodicalId":20847,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology","volume":"18 1","pages":"492 - 501"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76625691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CNR2 rs2229579 and COMT Val158Met variants, but not CNR2 rs2501432, IL-17 rs763780 and UCP2 rs659366, contribute to susceptibility to substance use disorder in the Turkish population","authors":"S. Kurnaz, A. Yazıcı, A. Nursal, P. Çetinay Aydın, Ayca Ongel Atar, N. Aydın, Zeliha Kıncır, S. Pehlivan","doi":"10.1080/24750573.2019.1688030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24750573.2019.1688030","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: Substance use disorders (SUD) are among the most important public health problems throughout the world. We investigated whether COMT (Val108/158Met), CNR2 (rs2501432 and rs2229579), UCP2 (rs659366), and IL-17 (rs763780) gene variants were associated with SUD and its clinical parameters in a Turkish population. METHODS: We conducted a case–control study among 136 subjects with SUD and 100 healthy controls. Six variants were analysed by the PCR-RFLP method. RESULTS: The CNR2 rs2229579 T/T genotype and T allele increased in SUD groups than controls while the C/C genotype and C allele were more prevalent in the control group compared to the SUD group (p = 0.000 and p = 0.001, respectively). The COMT Val108/158Met Val/Val genotype and Val allele were significantly associated with polysubstance abuse (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference between the SUD group and control group regarding genotype and allele frequencies of COMT (Val108/158Met), CNR2 (rs2501432), UCP2 (rs659366) and IL-17 (rs763780) variants. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study that discussed the relation of these variants and SUD patients in the Turkish population. The results of the analysis indicated that the CNR2 rs2229579 variant has an effect on susceptibility to SUD, suggesting that this variant might play a role in the physiopathology of SUD. The COMT Val108/158Met variant might be an important factor affecting polysubstance use.","PeriodicalId":20847,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology","volume":"11 1","pages":"847 - 853"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90263368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"QT dispersion and P wave dispersion in schizophrenia","authors":"Sema Baykara, M. Yilmaz, M. Baykara","doi":"10.1080/24750573.2018.1472906","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24750573.2018.1472906","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: The difference between maximum QT (QTmax) and minimum (QTmin) on electrocardiography (ECG) is known as QT dispersion (QTd). An increase in QTd carries the risk of ventricular arrhythmia and subsequent death. P wave dispersion (Pd) shows the difference between maximum P (Pmax) and minimum P (Pmin). Prolonged P wave duration and an increase in Pd are a risk for irregular electrical transmission and atrial fibrillation. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to examine QTd and Pd values which indicate atrial fibrillation and ventricular arrhythmia in schizophrenia patients with whom cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are seen at a higher rate than the general population. METHOD: The patient group consisted of 30 male patients diagnosed with schizophrenia according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) and receiving treatment either as inpatients or outpatients in the Mental Health and Diseases Hospital. The patient group had no other psychiatric, neurological or physical disease. The control group comprised 30 age-matched healthy males with no history of neurological, psychiatric, or physical disease. RESULTS: The cases in both groups were all males and there was no difference between the groups in respect of age. Corrected QTd was determined as 25.55 ± 13.18 (ms) in the control group and 54.26 ± 8.46 (ms) in the patient group (p < .001). Pd was determined as 36.22 ± 10.08 (ms) in the control group and 46.32 ± 5.87 (ms) in the patient group (p < .001). The differences in the values between the groups were statistically significant. DISCUSSIONS: The QTd and Pd values which show increased CVD risk were found to be significantly greater in schizophrenia patients than in the healthy control group. However, there is a need for further studies to determine whether this is a result of the nature of schizophrenia or the effect of the treatment drugs used. Thus, future studies could be planned to compare the QTd and Pd values of treated and untreated schizophrenia patients.","PeriodicalId":20847,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology","volume":"1 1","pages":"538 - 543"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89949481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PDW and RDW are new parameters for bipolar episodes and unipolar depression","authors":"I. Gundogmus, A. Algul, Abdulkadir Karagöz, Murat Kıyançiçek","doi":"10.1080/24750573.2018.1468616","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24750573.2018.1468616","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: Bipolar disorder (BD) and unipolar depression (UD) are complex and multifactorial mental disorders characterized by mood swings, disability, and impaired quality of life. In the present study, we researched the roles of inflammatory cells and their value as inflammation markers in BD and UD. OBJECTIVE: Sixty-nine manic, 60 euthymic, and 70 UD patients and 60 sex-matched healthy volunteers (control group) were retrospectively analysed. Platelet (PLT), platelet distribution width (PDW), and red cell distribution width (RDW) levels were measured in four groups. The aim of this study was to evaluate PLT, PDW, and RDW levels patient with UD and two different phases of BD: euthymic and manic. RESULTS: In our study, 199 patients and 60 controls were included. There were no differences between the patients and the healthy control group participants in terms of age and sex. The bipolar episodes and the UD patient group were statistically significantly different from the healthy controls in terms of PLT, PDW, and RDW. CONCLUSION: Our study is the first in the literature to compare blood PLT, PDW, and RDW levels in bipolar episodes, UD patients, and healthy control groups. We believe that the levels of PLT, PDW, and RDW can be used as novel markers of bipolar episodes and UD. More detailed and larger prospective clinical studies are required to confirm these findings.","PeriodicalId":20847,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology","volume":"47 1","pages":"520 - 526"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91182704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trichotillomania treated with n-acetylcysteine","authors":"Faruk Kılıç, S. Keleş","doi":"10.1080/24750573.2018.1472907","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24750573.2018.1472907","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Trichotillomania (TTM) is a disorder characterized by repetitive hair pulling resulting in hair loss and it is usually difficult to treat with a chronic course of illness. Currently, the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are the most frequently prescribed drugs for adults with TTM. Various studies and case reports give mixed results. Therefore, the treatment effectiveness of SSRIs remains uncertain. There is a growing interest regarding the use of glutamatergic agents in obsessive compulsive disorder and obsessive compulsive spectrum disorder. Here, we report an 18-year-old female patient with TTM, which successfully treated with glutamate modulator n-acetylcysteine.","PeriodicalId":20847,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology","volume":"56 1","pages":"544 - 546"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81429398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validity and reliability study of the Turkish version of the tolerance for mental pain scale-10","authors":"M. Demirkol, L. Tamam, Z. Namlı, Özge Eriş Davul","doi":"10.1080/24750573.2019.1699309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24750573.2019.1699309","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: Psychological pain has been accepted as one of the most critical psychological risk factors underlying suicidal ideation and behaviour. Suicide is chosen as a way to get rid of intense, painful and unbearable psychological pain. Since the level of tolerance rather than the intensity of psychological pain was considered to be more predictive for suicide, we aimed to investigate the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of Tolerance for Mental Pain Scale-10 (TMPS-10). METHODS: A total of 121 patients diagnosed with depression in 62 of them had previous suicide attempts and 105 healthy controls who applied to the outpatient clinics of Çukurova University Faculty of Medicine Psychiatry Department were included in the study. Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation (BSIS), Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS), Psychache Scale (PS) and TMPS-10 were applied to participants. RESULTS: In the internal consistency analysis, Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was 0.96 for enduring the pain, 0.96 for managing the pain, 0.98 for the whole scale, and item-total correlation coefficients were found to be between 0.87 and 0.93. The scale fit well to both the two-factor and single-factor structure in the confirmatory factor analysis. The multi-group confirmatory factor analysis showed that both the depressive patients and the control group interpreted the scale items in the same way. In convergent validity analysis, there was a negative, linear, high and statistically significant relationship between TMPS-10 scores and PS, BSIS, BDI and BHS scores (r = −0.935; −0.779; −0.890; −0.808; p < .0.001, respectively). In discriminant function analysis, TMPS-10 successfully differentiated the depressive group and the control group, as well as the depressive patients who did or did not attempt suicide (96.5%, 88.1%, respectively). CONCLUSION: The Turkish version of TMPS-10 is valid and reliable, and may be useful in research and clinical practices about suicide.","PeriodicalId":20847,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology","volume":"28 1","pages":"899 - 906"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84769420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distinctive clinical correlates of hazardous drinking","authors":"Ok-Jin Jang, Seon-Cheol Park, Se-Hoon Kim, S. Huh, Ji-Hoon Kim","doi":"10.1080/24750573.2019.1672246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24750573.2019.1672246","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The present study was conducted to identify clinical correlates of hazardous drinking (HD). The data were derived from the Korean Research for Development of Alcohol Addiction Diagnosis and Assessment System. Variable measurement were personal characteristics, lifetime alcohol use history, Motivational Structure Questionnaire for alcoholics, Alcohol Outcome Expectancies Scale, and Alcohol Dependence Scale. Behavioural, psychiatric, and psychological factors were evaluated by responses to the Rosenberg Self Esteem Scale, Jung Self Rating Depression Scale, Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11, State Traits Anxiety Inventory, and State Trait Anger Expression Inventory. The valid sample comprised 295 male drinkers, 89 subjects (30.2%) were classified as HD, and 209 (69.8%) were in the non-HD (NHD) group by NIAAA criteria. The results of binary logistic analysis showed that age at the first blackout, coping, and social motives for alcohol use, and non-planning impulsiveness increased the likelihood of HD net of each other’s effects, and the final model explained 29.6% (Negelkerke R2) of the variation in HD.","PeriodicalId":20847,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology","volume":"6 1","pages":"817 - 821"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78328411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between emotional functioning and biological rhythm disruptions in patients with schizophrenia","authors":"Ç. Şahbaz, A. Kurtulmuş","doi":"10.1080/24750573.2019.1682853","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24750573.2019.1682853","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Objective: Dysregulation of biological rhythm is associated with reduced executive functioning and potentiating psychosis, which are essential for the Theory of Mind (ToM) among patients with schizophrenia. However, the association between cognitive dysfunction, emotional information and disruption of biological rhythm remains uncertain. Methods: Forty-one patients with schizophrenia and forty age, gender and smoking status-matched healthy controls were recruited into the study. The Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), The Stroop test, The Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test (RMET), The Biological Rhythms Interview of Assessment in Neuropsychiatry (BRIAN) were used. Results: BRIAN total, sleep, activity and social scores were higher in patients with schizophrenia than healthy controls. Higher BRIAN score was correlated with lower RMET score; with higher PANSS total, positive and negative scores, and not correlated with executive functions. In the regression analysis, it was observed that gender and increased BRIAN score was independently associated with lower scores for RMET in a patient with schizophrenia. Conclusion: These results suggest that the disruption of biological rhythm might be associated with ToM in patients with schizophrenia. Future research should examine the relationship between biological rhythm and ToM to determine if any causal associations can be identified.","PeriodicalId":20847,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology","volume":"31 1","pages":"455 - 462"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79483210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}