Prostate International最新文献

{"title":"Prostate-specific antigen kinetics contributes to decision making for biopsy referral: the predictive implication for PSA retest in patients with elevated PSA levels","authors":"Minoru Kobayashi ,&nbsp;Toshiki Kijima ,&nbsp;Masahiro Yashi ,&nbsp;Takao Kamai","doi":"10.1016/j.prnil.2022.08.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prnil.2022.08.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>It is common to repeat prostate-specific antigen (PSA) measurements for men with PSA elevation before prostate biopsy. In this scenario, they may have considerable psychological distress in fear of the presence of cancer until retests. We assessed possible clinical factors causing transient PSA rise and explored the parameters predictive of subsequent PSA change.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>As interfering conditions, the history of ejaculation, bicycling, and any types of infections were assessed using the questionnaire. The pattern of PSA change was compared in association with the various clinical factors. Predictive significance of PSA kinetics such as coefficient of variation (CV) and PSA velocity (PSAV) for PSA values at retest was evaluated.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The rate of reversion to the normal range was 38.3% at retest. The rate of 12.8% of men showed a large increase by ≥20%, whereas 38.2% of men showed a large decline by ≥20% from the baseline. Men with younger age (≤60 years), small prostate (&lt;20 cc), and prior history of ejaculation or infections showed significantly larger PSA decrease than their counterparts. Those with large CV or PSAV before the baseline more frequently showed PSA decrease below the age-specific cutoff or decline by ≥10% from the baseline at retest. These parameters associated with PSA kinetics had independent predictive values for relevant PSA change at retest.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Ejaculation and any types of infections should be avoided before PSA tests. Men with large PSA fluctuation before the baseline are likely to show a significant PSA decrease at retest. This predictive information may help both physicians to determine whether to proceed to an immediate biopsy and patients to reduce their psychological burden.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20845,"journal":{"name":"Prostate International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/3f/9f/main.PMC9995685.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9102564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retzius-sparing robotic prostatectomy is associated with higher positive surgical margin rate in anterior tumors, but not in posterior tumors, compared to conventional anterior robotic prostatectomy","authors":"Masashi Oshima,&nbsp;Satoshi Washino,&nbsp;Yuhki Nakamura,&nbsp;Tsuzumi Konishi,&nbsp;Kimitoshi Saito,&nbsp;Tomoaki Miyagawa","doi":"10.1016/j.prnil.2022.07.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prnil.2022.07.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>The analysis of the oncological outcomes and postoperative continence recovery between conventional robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy (cRARP) and Retzius-sparing RARP (rsRARP), and the effect of the tumor location on them.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>A total of 317 patients who underwent cRARP (n = 228) or rsRARP (n = 89) from August 2017 to July 2020 were assessed. Patients were categorized into groups based on the tumor location by pathology. Positive surgical margin (PSM) rates and biochemical recurrence (BCR)-free survivals and continence recovery were compared between the two procedures.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Patient age, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels, clinical stages, and Gleason score were not significantly different between the two groups. There was no significant difference in PSM rates (25.8% vs. 33.7%, p = 0.13) or BCR-free survivals (p = 0.28) between cRARP and rsRARP in patients. When tumor was located in the anterior lesion in the prostatectomy pathology, rsRARP was associated with significantly higher PSM rates than cRARP (53.3% in rsRARP vs. 27.0% in cRARP, p = 0.0086), while BCR-free survival did not vary significantly (hazard ratio: 2.15, p = 0.11). When tumors were identified in the posterior in prostatectomy pathology, PSM rates (28.8% in rsRARP vs. 24.7% in cRARP, p = 0.59) or BCR-free survivals (hazard ratio: 0.78, p = 0.51) did not differ significantly between the two groups. rsRARP yielded superior continence recovery in all time points compared to cRARP, which was not affected by the pathological tumor location.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>In posterior tumors, rsRARP results in similar oncological outcomes as cRARP with superior continence recovery, while in anterior tumors, rsRARP may associate with higher PSM rate, combined with improved continence recovery.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20845,"journal":{"name":"Prostate International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/ab/65/main.PMC9995683.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9096963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lifestyle habits to prevent the development of benign prostatic hyperplasia: Analysis of Japanese nationwide datasets","authors":"Yukinori Nagakura ,&nbsp;Maya Hayashi ,&nbsp;Shunichi Kajioka","doi":"10.1016/j.prnil.2022.06.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prnil.2022.06.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) refers to nonmalignant hyperplasia of prostate tissue, which causes lower urinary tract symptoms and has become a global public health concern in the aging population. The purpose of this study is to identify modifiable factors, which would prevent or delay BPH development.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The association between BPH marker drugs and climate-, socioeconomic-, health condition-, and lifestyle habits-related variables was investigated by analyzing nationwide datasets which were collected in 2018, aggregated by prefecture (administrative unit), and published by Japanese ministries. Uroselective α₁ receptor blockers and dutasteride were used as marker drugs referring to BPH prevalence. Correlation analysis, multiple linear regression analysis, and binomial logistic regression analysis were conducted with 47 Japanese prefectures as the unit.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The variables which showed |<em>r</em>| &gt; 0.5 by correlation analysis were exercise habits (<em>r</em> = −0.5696), smoking habits (<em>r</em> = 0.6116), and daily drinking (<em>r</em> = 0.6001) for uroselective α₁ receptor blockers, and antihypertensive medication (<em>r</em> = 0.5971), smoking habits (<em>r</em> = 0.6598), a small amount of drinking (<em>r</em> = −0.5292), and serum alanine aminotransferase (<em>r</em> = 0.6814) for dutasteride. Multiple linear regression equations were constructed by including these variables (<em>R</em>^<em>2</em> = 0.5453 for uroselective α₁ receptor blockers and <em>R</em>^<em>2</em> = 0.5673 for dutasteride). Binomial logistic regression analysis found a significant association between climate in the resident area and BPH development.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This ecological study, analyzing Japanese nationwide datasets, demonstrates that healthy lifestyle habits, especially avoidance of smoking, implementation of exercise in daily life, and a small amount of alcohol consumption, are important to prevent or delay BPH development. High blood pressure and high serum alanine aminotransferase are suggested as risk factors of BPH development.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20845,"journal":{"name":"Prostate International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/09/a0/main.PMC9747574.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10444783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patient age as a predictive factor in biochemical recurrence following brachytherapy: Oncological outcomes at a single center","authors":"Shinichi Takeuchi ,&nbsp;Koji Iinuma ,&nbsp;Masahiro Nakano ,&nbsp;Makoto Kawase ,&nbsp;Daiki Kato ,&nbsp;Kota Kawase ,&nbsp;Manabu Takai ,&nbsp;Keita Nakane ,&nbsp;Masaya Ito ,&nbsp;Tomoyasu Kumano ,&nbsp;Masayuki Matsuo ,&nbsp;Takuya Koie","doi":"10.1016/j.prnil.2022.05.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prnil.2022.05.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Iodine-125 low-dose-rate brachytherapy (LDR-BT) is a treatment modality utilized in both localized and advanced prostate cancer (PCa). We aimed to evaluate the long-term oncological outcomes in patients with PCa who underwent LDR-BT, at a single institution in Japan.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We retrospectively reviewed the clinical records of 340 consecutive patients with localized PCa who underwent LDR-BT between August 2004 and December 2014 at our institution. Patients with low-risk PCa who had a pretreatment prostate volume &gt;50 mL received neoadjuvant androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) for at least 3 months before LDR-BT. Patients with intermediate-risk PCa were treated with a combination of LDR-BT and/or external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) and/or ADT for 9 months. Patients with high-risk PCa underwent LDR-BT, EBRT, and ADT for 24 months. The endpoints of this study were biochemical recurrence-free survival (BRFS) and overall survival (OS). Additionally, the association between biochemical recurrence (BCR) and clinical/pathological covariates was analyzed.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>At the end of the follow-up period, nine patients (2.6%) showed BCR, and six patients (1.8%) developed secondary cancers after LDR-BT. The 5-year and 10-year BRFS rates were 99.4% and 95.3%, respectively. Factoring in the patients’ ages, the 5-year and 10-year BRFS rates were 99.1% and 99.1%, respectively, in patients aged &gt;63 years. The rates were 100% and 89.4% in those aged ≤63 years, respectively. In the multivariate analysis, age ≤63 years was identified as a significant independent predictor of BCR after LDR-BT.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Age ≤63 years was a significant predictor of BCR following LDR-BT. Although the risk of secondary malignant neoplasms should be considered when opting for LDR-BT in younger patients with PCa, the prevalence of them in these patients is relatively low. Therefore, clinicians should weigh the risks and benefits of definitive therapy in PCa, particularly in younger patients.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20845,"journal":{"name":"Prostate International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/f1/78/main.PMC9747569.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10440618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temporal changes of PIRADS scoring by radiologists and correlation to radical prostatectomy pathological outcomes","authors":"Sung Kyu Hong ,&nbsp;Sang Hun Song ,&nbsp;Hak Ju Kim ,&nbsp;Hae Sung Lee ,&nbsp;Jun Hyun Nam ,&nbsp;Seung Bae Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.prnil.2022.07.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prnil.2022.07.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>To assess temporal improvement of prostate image reporting and data system (PIRADS) 3-5 lesion correlation to histopathologic findings from radical prostatectomy (RP) in prostate cancer (PCa).</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>A total of 1481 patients who underwent RP for biopsy-proven PCa between 2015 and 2019 were divided into 14 groups of 100 sequential readings for the evaluation of histopathological correlation with PIRADS readings. Temporal trends of PIRADS distribution and predictive performance for RP pathology were evaluated to assess underlying changes in prostate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) interpretation by radiologists.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>PIRADS 4-5 lesions were significantly correlated with the increasing rates of Gleason Group (GG) upgrade (p = 0.044) and decreasing rate of GG downgrade (p = 0.016) over time. PIRADS ≥3 lesions read after median 2 years of experience were shown to independently predict intermediate–high-risk (GG ≥ 3) PCa (odds ratio 2.93, 95% confidence interval 1.00–8.54; <em>P</em>= 0.049) in RP pathology. Preoperative GG ≥ 3 biopsy lesions with PIRADS 4-5 lesions were significantly more susceptible to GG upgrade (<em>P</em>= 0.035) and GG ≥ 4 RP pathology (p = 0.003) in experienced reads, in contrast to insignificant findings in early readings (p = 0.588 and 0.248, respectively).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Preoperative MRI reports matched with RP pathology suggest an improved prediction of adverse pathology in PIRADS 3-5 lesions over time, suggesting a temporal change in PIRADS interpretation and predictive accuracy. Institutions with low volume experience should use caution in solely relying on MRI for predicting tumor characteristics. Future prospective trials and larger scale assessments are required to further validate our results.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20845,"journal":{"name":"Prostate International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/38/b6/main.PMC9747593.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10440616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Short course of dutasteride in treatment of a refractory category IIIB chronic prostatitis (A placebo-controlled study)","authors":"Ahmed Higazy ,&nbsp;A.A. Shorbagy ,&nbsp;Mohamed Shabayek ,&nbsp;Ahmed Radwan ,&nbsp;George N. Halim ,&nbsp;Dana Osman ,&nbsp;Tarek Osman","doi":"10.1016/j.prnil.2022.06.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prnil.2022.06.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To evaluate the short-term efficacy of Dutasteride in the management of chronic prostatitis (CP)/chronic pelvic pain syndrome.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>A randomized placebo-controlled double-blind study was conducted that including 50 patients diagnosed with CP based on the presence of pelvic pain for ≥3 months of the preceding 6 months. Patients were randomized into 2 equal groups to evaluate Dutasteride of 0.5 mg once daily that was given for 3 months compared to a placebo.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Forty-nine patients were evaluated after the follow-up period with no statistically significant difference in the perioperative demographic data. The mean age of the Dutasteride group was 48.3 (range 41–62) compared to a mean age of 46.5 (range 44–60) in the placebo group. There was a highly statistically significant improvement in the Dutasteride group compared to its preoperative parameters and the placebo compared group in the terms of pain, urinary scores, and total National Institutes of Health CP symptom score. Moderate and marked improvement in patients’ symptomatology was seen in 56% of the dutasteride group, while only 8% in the dutasteride group failed to show an improvement with no significant side effects noted in our study.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The short-term outcome of dutasteride therapy showed an improvement in the National Institutes of Health-CP symptom score compared to a placebo in the treatment of category IIIB CP.</p></div><div><h3>The trial was registered in the clinical trial.gov registry with a registration number</h3><p>NCT04756206.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20845,"journal":{"name":"Prostate International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/42/1d/main.PMC9747604.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10444789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronological changes of lower urinary tract symptoms after low-dose-rate brachytherapy for prostate cancer using SpaceOAR® system","authors":"Tomoki Taniguchi ,&nbsp;Koji Iinuma ,&nbsp;Masahiro Nakano ,&nbsp;Makoto Kawase ,&nbsp;Shinichi Takeuchi ,&nbsp;Daiki Kato ,&nbsp;Manabu Takai ,&nbsp;Keita Nakane ,&nbsp;Takuma Ishihara ,&nbsp;Masaya Ito ,&nbsp;Tomoyasu Kumano ,&nbsp;Masayuki Matsuo ,&nbsp;Takuya Koie","doi":"10.1016/j.prnil.2022.06.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prnil.2022.06.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The aim of this study is to investigate chronological changes of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in patients with prostate cancer who underwent low-dose-rate brachytherapy (LDR-BT) followed by the insertion of SpaceOAR® system (SpaceOAR).</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>In this retrospective study, 483 patients with localized prostate cancer underwent LDR-BT at the Gifu University Hospital between August 2004 and December 2020. SpaceOAR was inserted in 30 patients after LDR-BT (SpaceOAR group), and 453 patients received LDR-BT alone (non-SpaceOAR group). The International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), Overactive Bladder Symptom Score (OABSS), quality of life due to urinary symptoms (IPSS-QOL), and uroflowmetry (UFM), including maximum flow rate (Qmax), voided volume, and post-voided residual urine (PVR), were evaluated before LDR-BT, and at 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after LDR-BT. The outcomes were chronological changes in IPSS, OABSS, and IPSS-QOL compared to pretreatment values and those of covariates in relation to UFM.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The IPSS, OABSS, IPSS-QOL, Qmax, and voided volume were not significantly associated with either group. According to the PVR interaction effect, the insertion of SpaceOAR was significantly affected by chronological changes in PVR (<em>P</em> = 0.001). Three months after LDR-BT, PVR in the SpaceOAR group was significantly higher than that in the non-SpaceOAR group (49.8 mL vs. 30.5 mL; <em>P</em> = 0.002).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>SpaceOAR use may temporally increase PVR; however, IPSS, OABSS, IPSS-QOL, Qmax, and voided volume were not significantly associated with LUTS before and after LDR-BT. The combination of LDR-BT and SpaceOAR may be acceptable for treating patients with prostate cancer regarding the chronological changes in LUTS after brachytherapy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20845,"journal":{"name":"Prostate International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/89/37/main.PMC9747576.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10444786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular genetic testing does not improve the detection of fluoroquinolone resistance before transrectal prostate biopsy","authors":"Michael A. Liss ,&nbsp;Harshit Garg ,&nbsp;Evgeni V. Sokurenko ,&nbsp;Jan E. Patterson ,&nbsp;Brian L. Wickes","doi":"10.1016/j.prnil.2022.06.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prnil.2022.06.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Fluoroquinolone-resistant (FQR) <em>Escherichia coli</em> (<em>E. coli</em>) causes transrectal prostate biopsy infections. We seek to further identify fluoroquinolones resistance by the incorporation of genetic profiling to influence antibiotic selection for transrectal prostate biopsy and whether the addition of this genetic testing could improve the prediction of FQR detection at the time of biopsy.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>In this prospective observational cohort study, rectal swabs were collected within 30 days of an upcoming prostate biopsy. These swabs were sent for phenotypic and genotypic assessment to predict FQR on the day of the biopsy. Phenotype: Specimens were inoculated onto MacConkey agar containing ciprofloxacin using standard culture techniques to determine FQR status. Genotype: We compared cultures to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) sequence typing (<em>E.coli</em>- ST131/H30/ST69) and bacterial plasmids (<em>gyr</em>A, <em>qnr</em>Q, and <em>qnr</em>S). The presence of FQR on this testing was compared to the second rectal swab collected just before biopsy (2 hours after ciprofloxacin prophylaxis), which served as the gold standard for FQR.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Overall, the FQR rate was 23.6%. The bacterial plasmids (<em>qnr</em>) were present in 54.1% of samples, and multidrug-resistant <em>E. coli</em> ST131 was present in 12.5% of samples. In comparison, phenotypic assessment using rectal culture had a better prediction for the presence of FQR as compared to genotypic testing [area under the curve (AUC) = 0.85 in phenotype arm vs. AUC = 0.45 in genotype arm].</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>We detected a high prevalence of FQR genes in the rectum, but the addition of PCR-based genotyping did not improve the prediction of culture-based FQR at the time of biopsy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20845,"journal":{"name":"Prostate International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/b4/6a/main.PMC9747570.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10212908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges in next generation sequencing of homology recombination repair genomic variants in prostate cancer: A nationwide survey and calibration project in China","authors":"Huanwen Wu ,&nbsp;Liqun Zhou ,&nbsp;Xiaoyan Zhou ,&nbsp;Qiang Wei ,&nbsp;Nengtai Ouyang ,&nbsp;Jianyong Shao ,&nbsp;Jian Huang ,&nbsp;Zhiyong Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.prnil.2022.07.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prnil.2022.07.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Homologous Recombination Repair (HRR) is the most reliable and important signaling pathway for repairing DNA damage. We initiated a calibration project to better understand the NGS landscape for HRR gene testing in China, provide indications for testing standardization, and guide clinical practice.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A questionnaire was used to collect laboratory information, panel design for HRR gene testing, tissue sample test parameters, plasma ctDNA sample test parameters, and procedures for variant interpretation. The testing quality of the participating laboratories was further evaluated by external quality assessment (EQA), which provided 5 FFPE slices and 5 mimic ctDNA samples as standard references for evaluation. Test results and reports were collected to assess laboratory performance.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Our results showed that different laboratories had significant differences in sequencing platforms, library construction technologies, genes in the testing panel, detectable mutation types, probe coverage regions, sequencing parameters, variants interpretation guidelines, and positive test rates. For the EQA test, the overall pass rate was about 60%. The average accuracy for tissue samples and ctDNA samples was 79.55% and 74.13%, respectively. It is worth noting that variants in tandem repetition regions and splice sites, and those with low allele frequency were more prone to misdetection. The most common reasons for misdetection were as follows: the testing panel did not cover the genes or the whole exon and splice sites of the genes; the variants were misclassified as benign or likely benign, and the variants failed the QC criteria.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The discrepancies observed in our survey and EQA test affect the authenticity of HRR gene test results for prostate cancer, underlining the need to establish guidelines for HRR gene testing and variant interpretation in China, and to optimize HRR gene testing in clinical practice to improve management and patient care.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20845,"journal":{"name":"Prostate International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/d4/16/main.PMC9747577.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10444785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Possibilities and limitations of using low biomass samples for urologic disease and microbiome research","authors":"Jung Kwon Kim ,&nbsp;Sang Hun Song ,&nbsp;Gyoohwan Jung ,&nbsp;Byeongdo Song ,&nbsp;Sung Kyu Hong","doi":"10.1016/j.prnil.2022.10.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prnil.2022.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>With the dogma of sterile urine no longer held as truth, numerous studies have implicated distinct changes in microbial diversity and composition to diseased subgroups in both benign and malignant urological diseases, ranging from overactive bladder to bladder and prostate cancer. Further facilitated by novel and effective techniques of urine culture and sequencing, analysis of the genitourinary microbiome holds high potential to identify biomarkers for disease and prognosis. However, the low biomass of samples included in microbiome studies of the urinary tract challenge researchers to draw definitive conclusions, confounded by technical and procedural considerations that must be addressed. Lack of samples and adequate true negative controls can lead to overestimation of microbial influence with clinical relevance. As such, results from currently available studies and assessment of their limitations required a thorough understanding. The purpose of this narrative review was to summarize notable microbiome studies in the field of urology with a focus on significant findings and limitations of study design. Methodological considerations in future research are also discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20845,"journal":{"name":"Prostate International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/fc/b9/main.PMC9747588.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10440619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}