Process Biochemistry最新文献

{"title":"Evaluating the storage stability of a Plasmodium vivax circumsporozoite protein vaccine candidate","authors":"Janaína Tenorio Novais ,&nbsp;Rodolfo Ferreira Marques ,&nbsp;Alba Marina Gimenez ,&nbsp;Irene Silva Soares","doi":"10.1016/j.procbio.2025.02.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.procbio.2025.02.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Malaria is a serious public health problem, with approximately 263 million cases recorded worldwide in 2023. The prevention of this disease and the development of vaccines against it remain critical issues to resolve. However, the ability of newly developed formulations to remain stable and biologically active under storage is a challenge to overcome but highly relevant, considering the places where such vaccines are needed. In this study, we evaluated the six-month storage stability of yPvCSP-All epitopes, a <em>Plasmodium vivax</em> malaria vaccine candidate, comprising a recombinant protein expressed in the yeast <em>Pichia pastoris</em>. The stability of the liquid and lyophilized formulations after storage at three different temperatures was determined using SDS-PAGE, immunoblotting, circular dichroism, SEC, RP-HPLC, and immunization assays. In liquid formulation, only the recombinant protein stored at –20°C remained stable for 180 days. By contrast, the lyophilized formulations showed no signs of degradation for six months when stored at –20°C and 5°C, and they all induced high antibody titers. These results demonstrate that the vaccine formulations can remain stable under some of the tested conditions, which is promising considering the difficulty of maintaining the cold chain in regions where malaria is endemic.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20811,"journal":{"name":"Process Biochemistry","volume":"151 ","pages":"Pages 126-136"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143436751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbiome-metabolome interplay in low-sodium Yunnan suancai: Unraveling quality enhancement through partial NaCl replacement with KCl","authors":"Rong Huang,&nbsp;Yapeng Fang,&nbsp;Yu Zhong,&nbsp;Danfeng Wang,&nbsp;Wei Lu,&nbsp;Yun Deng","doi":"10.1016/j.procbio.2025.02.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.procbio.2025.02.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Suancai is a traditional fermented vegetable pickled in NaCl, but excess NaCl poses food safety risks. This study explored how replacing NaCl with 0 % and 20 % KCl affects microstructure, biogenic amines (BAs), volatiles, and bacterial communities during suancai fermentation, and revealed cross-correlations between microbes and metabolites. Low-sodium treatment promoted cell wall degradation, reduced nitrite and amino nitrogen levels, and significantly decreased total biogenic amines while enriching volatile variety and concentration. Variations in 33 volatiles led to differences in aroma quality between low-sodium and high-sodium suancai. <em>Weissella</em> and <em>Lactiplantibacillus</em> were the dominant genera, with <em>Weissella cibaria</em>, <em>Lactiplantibacillus pentosus</em>, and <em>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</em> identified as core species under both conditions. Metabolome-microbiome analysis linked specific strains (e.g., <em>Leuconostoc mesenteroides</em>, <em>Limosilactobacillus fermentum</em>, <em>W. cibaria</em>, and <em>L. plantarum</em>) to spicy, fruity, and sour aromas and identified potential BAs degradation. Metacyc analysis identified key metabolic pathways associated with flavor in low-sodium suancai, such as amino acid biosynthesis and aromatic compound degradation. These findings highlight KCl as a partial NaCl replacement to improve suancai quality and safety.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20811,"journal":{"name":"Process Biochemistry","volume":"151 ","pages":"Pages 113-125"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143429511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Degradation of Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and its main metabolites (Diphenyldichloroethylene (DDE) and Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane (DDD) using Trichoderma species","authors":"Girma Ebsa ,&nbsp;Birhanu Gizaw ,&nbsp;Mesele Admassie ,&nbsp;Tizazu Degu ,&nbsp;Asnake Desalegn ,&nbsp;Eshetu Yilma ,&nbsp;Wondwosen Melak ,&nbsp;Fiseha Tadesse ,&nbsp;Tesfaye Alemu","doi":"10.1016/j.procbio.2025.02.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.procbio.2025.02.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Trichoderma species' ability to metabolize a variety of pesticides has led to their widespread use in agriculture. Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) is a recalcitrant xenobiotic compound that endangers both fauna and flora. The aim of this study is to screen, characterize, and evaluate potential Trichoderma species that have the capability to degrade DDT and its main metabolites. Soil and effluent water samples were collected from Addis Ababa, Koka, and Ziway. The enrichment culture technique was used to isolate Trichoderma species Based on its morphological characteristics and MALDI-TOF MS analysis identification, the isolate that was ultimately chosen was determined to be Trichoderma orientale. A general, full factorial design was employed in the optimization assay. The highest biomass (0.09 ± 0.14 g), spore count (5.71 ± 0.55 log/mL), and radial growth rate (6.7 ± 3.1 cm) of isolate T4 was discovered. Using a gas chromatograph-electron capture detector, the degradation assays were evaluated from DDT-amended liquid media. At initial concentrations of 1750, 3500, 5250, and 7000 mg/L, it was able to co-metabolize and degrade more than 96 % of DDT, DDE, and DDD simultaneously. The T. orientale had the highest degradation efficiency among all the reported DDT-degrading Trichoderma species. This study demonstrates the potential use of T. orientale for DDT bioremediation purposes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20811,"journal":{"name":"Process Biochemistry","volume":"151 ","pages":"Pages 74-87"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143348549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing resource recovery and biomass production through microalgae-cyanobacteria binary culture for establishing wastewater-driven peri-urban biorefinery","authors":"Hira Ashfaq ,&nbsp;Fatima Tahir ,&nbsp;Iqra Akbar ,&nbsp;Aqib Zafar Khan ,&nbsp;Ayesha Shahid ,&nbsp;Muhammad Nabeel Haider ,&nbsp;Neha Razzaque ,&nbsp;Abdulrahman H. Alessa ,&nbsp;Ahmad A. Alsaigh ,&nbsp;Muhammad Aamer Mehmood ,&nbsp;Sana Malik","doi":"10.1016/j.procbio.2025.02.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.procbio.2025.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Maintaining monocultures in microalgae cultivation poses operational challenges and increases the financial burden. These challenges can be mitigated by adopting microalgae-cyanobacteria binary cultures. Here, the binary culture of a microalgae <em>Asterarcys</em> sp. BERC16 and cyanobacterium <em>Lyngbya birgei</em> BERC18 were tested against various growth factors, including inoculum ratio, aeration, sterilization, higher N/P ratios, and microbial community for improved resource recovery and biomass production in unsterilized primary-treated urban wastewater. The binary culture demonstrated remarkable efficiency, achieving 97–99 % nitrate removal, reducing its concentration from 210 mg/L to 4.6 mg/L, along with 66 % phosphate removal and a 78 % reduction in chemical oxygen demand. It tolerated up to three times higher N/P concentrations and yielded up to 2.18-fold more biomass compared to monocultures. Notably, cultivating the binary culture in unsterilized primary-treated wastewater enhanced biomass harvesting efficiency to 71 %, attributed to the production of carbohydrate-rich exopolysaccharides. Additionally, binary cultivation significantly reduced bacterial colonies from day zero to harvesting. Preliminary characterization of the harvested biomass revealed a lipid content of 45–53 % and a protein content of 40 %, underscoring its potential for biochemical and biofuel production. This approach offers a promising pathway toward developing a cost-effective and technically viable wastewater-powered biorefinery.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20811,"journal":{"name":"Process Biochemistry","volume":"151 ","pages":"Pages 88-98"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143376495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mangiferin alleviates Quorum sensing regulated biofilm formation and virulence factor production in pathogenic bacteria: in vitro and in silico investigation","authors":"Nasser A. Al-Shabib ,&nbsp;Fohad Mabood Husain ,&nbsp;Naeem Mahmood Ashraf ,&nbsp;Mohammed Arshad ,&nbsp;Javed Masood Khan ,&nbsp;Altaf Khan ,&nbsp;Mohd Adil ,&nbsp;Iftekhar Hassan","doi":"10.1016/j.procbio.2024.12.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.procbio.2024.12.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Quorum sensing (QS) is a crucial mechanism employed by bacteria for intercellular communication, regulating various physiological processes including biofilm formation, virulence factor production, and antibiotic resistance. Biofilm-associated infections pose immense in healthcare as well as in the food industry due to their resilience against conventional antibiotics. Since several phytocompounds hold promise as QS and biofilm inhibitors, Mangiferin a natural polyphenol, was investigated as an anti-quorum sensing and biofilm inhibitory agent against bacterial pathogens <em>in vitro</em>. <em>In silico</em> molecular docking and molecular dynamic simulation studies were also undertaken to determine the interaction of Mangiferin with CviR, LasI and LasR. Mangiferin reduced QS regulated virulence functions such as violacein (<em>C. violaceum</em>), prodigiosin (<em>S. marcescens</em>), pyocyanin, pyoverdine, rhamnolipid and elastase (<em>P. aeruginosa</em>) significantly at sub-inhibitory concentrations. Further, mangiferin impaired biofilm formation by 22 %-81 % and disrupted preformed mature biofilms by 24 %-63 % in all the test strains. Moreover, production of vital functions such as exopolysaccharide production, cell surface hydrophobicity and exoprotease production also decreased significantly upon amendment of mangiferin. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations data confirmed the stable nature of mangiferin complexes with CviR, LasI and LasR. The overall binding energy for interaction of mangiferin with CviR, LasI and LasR was −7.4, −6.9 and −6.9 kcal/mol, respectively. Thus, the findings clearly indicate that mangiferin demonstrates broad-spectrum quorum sensing, virulence and biofilm inhibition. Overall, this study underscores the promising role of mangiferin in combating bacterial infections by targeting QS and biofilm formation, paving the way for the development of novel strategies for the management of biofilm-associated infections and food spoilage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20811,"journal":{"name":"Process Biochemistry","volume":"149 ","pages":"Pages 169-180"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143139875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analytical and numerical approaches to the analysis of progress curves: A methodological comparison","authors":"Thomas Waluga,&nbsp;Francesca von Ziegner,&nbsp;Mirko Skiborowski","doi":"10.1016/j.procbio.2025.01.029","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.procbio.2025.01.029","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurate models of the reaction kinetics of enzymatic reactions are essential for the design of biocatalytic processes. While many experimental studies still build on initial slope analysis, progress curve analysis offers the potential for modelling enzymatic reactions with a significantly lower experimental effort in terms of time and costs, but requires the solution of a dynamic nonlinear optimization problem. There are many different approaches for solving this problem for parameter regression, building on the experimental progress curve data. In order to provide some guidance for selecting an appropriate approach, this study presents a detailed comparison of two analytical and two numerical approaches analysing their strengths and weaknesses on the basis of three case studies. The analytical approaches build on the implicit and explicit integrals of the respective reaction rate equations, while the numerical approaches consider the direct numerical integration of the differential mass balance equations as well as the transformation of the dynamic problem to an algebraic problem by means of spline interpolation of the reaction data. In particular, the dependence of the results on the initial parameter estimates is evaluated, showcasing that the numerical solution with spline interpolation shows a lower dependence on the initial values providing parameter estimates comparable to the analytical approaches, which are however limited in applicability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20811,"journal":{"name":"Process Biochemistry","volume":"151 ","pages":"Pages 1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143140380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feasibility of a stereoselective synthesis of [11C](S,S)-S-adenosylmethionine ([11C](S,S)-SAM) catalyzed by an immobilized enzyme","authors":"D. Umpiérrez Puchalvert ,&nbsp;F. Zoppolo ,&nbsp;M. Bentura ,&nbsp;A. Castilla ,&nbsp;E. Savio ,&nbsp;S. Rodríguez Giordano ,&nbsp;G. Irazoqui","doi":"10.1016/j.procbio.2024.12.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.procbio.2024.12.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work aims to develop a stereoselective enzymatic alternative for the radiosynthesis of [¹¹C]<em>(S,S)</em>-S-adenosylmethionine ([¹¹C](<em>S,S</em>)-SAM), a potential PET-CT radiotracer for monitoring particularly aggressive prostate tumors. Conventional synthesis of this compound has been carried out at Uruguayan Center of Molecular Imaging, resulting in an almost racemic mixture 53:47 ratio of <em>(R,S)</em> to <em>(S,S)</em> isomer. Producing the radiotracer in an optically pure form is a requirement for administration to humans and additionally it would enhance diagnostic sensitivity when administered to the patient. The main challenges were designing a biocatalyst capable of withstanding the harsh conditions of the radiotracer synthesis module and achieving the reaction in a very short time due to the rapid decay of ¹¹C. A mutant of <em>E. coli</em> methionine adenosyltransferase (I303V MAT) with enhanced SAM synthesis was cloned, expressed, and immobilized on agarose using an irreversible covalent isourea bond. This immobilized enzyme synthesized [¹¹C](S,S)-SAM from [¹¹C]L-methionine in an automated module, with the labeled methionine produced in situ from [¹¹C]CH3I and L-homocysteine thiolactone. The product was obtained with an enantio and diasteromeric excess greater than 99 % and average conversion of 80 %. The reuse of the immobilized enzyme was studied, showing that after three cycles of reuse the radiosynthesis performance remained unchanged.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20811,"journal":{"name":"Process Biochemistry","volume":"149 ","pages":"Pages 137-143"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143139250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Valorization of fisheries by-products via enzymatic protein hydrolysis: A review of operating conditions, process design, and future trends","authors":"David T. Hopkins ,&nbsp;Fabrice Berrué ,&nbsp;Zied Khiari ,&nbsp;Kelly A. Hawboldt","doi":"10.1016/j.procbio.2024.12.024","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.procbio.2024.12.024","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fisheries by-products constitute large waste streams, despite containing protein, lipids, and other valuable compounds. The enzymatic protein hydrolysis process has been established as a means of effectively retrieving these products, though there has been little study to date on the impact of process operating conditions, pre-treatments, and process design on product quality. This review studies the impact of operating conditions relevant to the process, as well as the important parameters governing design and scale-up of the process. Findings indicate pre-treatments such as defatting, while common in literature, can limit the degree of hydrolysis of protein hydrolysates, while also conferring negative environmental impacts. Process conditions, such as temperature, pH, water ratios, and enzyme dose are typically established at lab scale, and can be at a disconnect with pilot and industrial scale studies. Furthermore, the water quality and pH control methods applied at lab scale are difficult to achieve at commercial scale. Current innovations involving endogenous fish enzymes and Enzyme Membrane Reactors may improve feasibility of this process in future, though these require more work. Enzyme hydrolysis is a promising technology for valorizing fisheries and other proteinaceous by-products and could see enhanced use in industry from further study on kinetics and scale-up.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20811,"journal":{"name":"Process Biochemistry","volume":"149 ","pages":"Pages 306-320"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143139500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel xylose isomerase suitable for D-fructose production and synergistic catalysis with D-allulose 3-epimerase for the biosynthesis of D-allulose","authors":"Satya Narayan Patel ,&nbsp;Sweety Sharma ,&nbsp;Nidhi Gossai ,&nbsp;Dhaval Patel ,&nbsp;Sudhir Pratap Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.procbio.2025.01.030","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.procbio.2025.01.030","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The enzyme xylose isomerase is well known for its pivotal role in converting D-glucose into D-fructose. This study reports the characterization of a novel xylose isomerase gene (<em>xylM</em>) from a hot-spring metagenome. This manganese-dependent enzyme (Xyl_M) works efficiently in slightly acidic to alkaline pH ranges of 6.0–9.0. It is a thermoactive enzyme, showing high-level activity in the temperature range of 75–90 °C, with optimum activity at 80 °C. It is a thermostable enzyme, maintaining more than 50 % of its activity even after 13 days of heat exposure at 70 °C. Xyl_M could achieve ∼53 % conversion of D-glucose into D-fructose under optimum conditions. Further, its synergistic activity with D-allulose-3-epimerase resulted in D-allulose synthesis from D-glucose, with a product yield of 94.35 g/L from 500 g/L D-glucose. Henceforth, this is a potential biocatalyst for developing an industrial process for D-fructose production and synergistic catalysis with D-allulose 3-epimerase for D-allulose biosynthesis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20811,"journal":{"name":"Process Biochemistry","volume":"151 ","pages":"Pages 52-64"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143210748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of hydraulic retention time on microbial electrolysis cell treatment of high-strength primary sludge-based blackwater","authors":"Jessica A. Deaver,&nbsp;Sudeep C. Popat","doi":"10.1016/j.procbio.2025.01.024","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.procbio.2025.01.024","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microbial electrochemical cell (MXC) technology shows potential for decentralized blackwater treatment in remote areas, such as space missions. MXCs use anaerobic microorganisms to break down waste organics into volatile fatty acids, which are converted to electrical current by anode-respiring bacteria. To optimize MXCs for blackwater treatment without chemical additions or pH adjustments for inhibition of methanogens, this study assessed the effects of hydraulic retention time (HRT) on high-strength synthetic blackwater treatment in microbial electrolysis cells (MECs). MECs were tested at HRTs of 12, 9, 6, and 3 days, with corresponding organic loading rates of 1.1, 1.3, 2.0, and 3.7 g COD/day-L. Current density increased from 34.5 A/m³ to 41.5 A/m³ as HRT was decreased, but COD conversion to electricity decreased from ∼20 % to less than 10 %. Lower COD conversion at shorter HRTs was due to insufficient propionate degradation, as propionate-degrading microorganisms were scarce. The microbial community in the suspension was more diverse at longer HRTs, but became specialized at shorter HRTs, with an increased presence of hydrolytic bacterium <em>Bacteroides</em>. Biofilm communities tolerated low pH, and included electroactive microorganisms such as <em>Geobacter</em> and an unidentified genus in the <em>Geobacteraceae</em> family.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20811,"journal":{"name":"Process Biochemistry","volume":"151 ","pages":"Pages 65-73"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143210749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}